One Health perspective

• The use of the same types of antifungal drugs on crop plants and humans raises the risk of the development of drug resistant strains that are refractory to antifungal therapy.
• Fungal diseases in animals have broad impacts. For example, a fungal infection killing bats in North America blocks the bats' role as pollinators and in eating insects, both of which impact agricultural production of crops for humans.
• Commercial trade can introduce fungal pathogens into new areas. In particular, global trade in pets (e.g., reptiles) can spread fungi to new areas that are not adapted to the foreign fungal species. The consequent disruption of ecosystems has broad effects.