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Ocular Prophylaxis for Gonococcal Ophthalmia Neonatorum: A Reaffirmation Evidence Update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
Evidence Synthesis, No. 173
Investigators: Janelle M. Guirguis-Blake, MD, Corinne V. Evans, MPP, and Megan Rushkin, MPH.
Structured Abstract
Objective:
To systematically review evidence regarding the benefits and harms of ocular prophylaxis for the prevention of gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum to support the update of the USPSTF’s 2011 A recommendation for this topic.
Data Sources:
We conducted a literature search of PubMed and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) from January 1, 2008, to January 16, 2018.
Study Selection:
We screened 282 abstracts and 6 full-text articles against a priori inclusion criteria. We included studies conducted in countries categorized as “high” or “very high” on the Human Development Index.
Data Analysis:
Two investigators independently critically appraised each article that met inclusion criteria using design-specific criteria.
Results:
No new eligible studies were identified.
Limitations:
Our review was designed to identify evidence that could result in a change in the 2011 USPSTF recommendation; therefore, it targeted only those studies in countries categorized as high or very high on the Human Development Index.
Conclusions:
Ocular prophylaxis for the prevention of gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum is the standard of care in the United States. Foundational evidence in support of this practice included largely observational studies from developing countries over 2 decades ago demonstrating substantial reductions in GON incidence associated with prophylaxis. Our brief evidence update found no new evidence of the benefits or harms of ocular prophylaxis for gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum.
Contents
This report is based on research conducted by the Kaiser Permanente Research Affiliates Evidence-based Practice Center (EPC) under contract to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Rockville, MD (Contract No. HHSA-290-2015-00007-I, Task Order No. 5). The findings and conclusions in this document are those of the authors, who are responsible for its contents, and do not necessarily represent the views of AHRQ. Therefore, no statement in this report should be construed as an official position of AHRQ or of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
The information in this report is intended to help health care decisionmakers—patients and clinicians, health system leaders, and policymakers, among others—make well-informed decisions and thereby improve the quality of health care services. This report is not intended to be a substitute for the application of clinical judgment. Anyone who makes decisions concerning the provision of clinical care should consider this report in the same way as any medical reference and in conjunction with all other pertinent information (i.e., in the context of available resources and circumstances presented by individual patients).
This report may be used, in whole or in part, as the basis for development of clinical practice guidelines and other quality enhancement tools, or as a basis for reimbursement and coverage policies. AHRQ or U.S. Department of Health and Human Services endorsement of such derivative products may not be stated or implied.
None of the investigators have any affiliations or financial involvement that conflicts with the material presented in this report.
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