Conclusions There is limited scientific evidence showing that DBT reduces self-injurious behavior and that the effect remains at 2-year follow-up (limited scientific evidence). Treatment also appears to reduce the need for hospitalization and reduce drug use among people with addictions. Hence, DBT appears to be a promising form of treatment for patients with borderline personality disorder. However, it needs to be tested under Swedish conditions, and it is essential to conduct studies addressing the cost effectiveness of the method.