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StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-.

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StatPearls [Internet].

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Editorial Board

  • Wendy B Ackley, MSW, Social Worker, LICSW, Boston University, Boston, MA
  • Tamara S Adolphe, NP, BSN, Private Practice, Rutgers University Newark, New Jersey
  • Tod C Aeby, MD, MEd, BS, Associate Professor, Un of Hawaii John A Burns School of Med
  • Narothama Reddy Aeddula, MD, FASN, Clinical Assistant Professor, Deaconess HS, IN University School Med
  • Satish Agadi, MD, MBBS, Professor, Medical Director, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB)
  • Pradyumna Agasthi, MD, Assistant Professor, Mayo Clinic Rochester
  • Saad Ahmad, MBBS, MS 4 year, Post Graduate Resident 4 year, Resident Orthopedic Surgery, University of Health Sciences
  • Aadil Ahmed, MD, Assistant Professor, Rush University Medical Center
  • Fahad W Ahmed, MBBS, PhD, FRCP, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center Madinah
  • Intisar Ahmed, MBBS, FCPS, Consultant Cardiac Electrophysiologist, Aga Khan University Pakistan
  • Rami A Ahmed, DO, MHPE, Professor, Fellowship Director, Indiana University School of Medicine
  • Syed Waqar Ahmed, MBBS, FCPS Cardiology, Fellow Interventional Cardiology, Aga Khan University Hospital
  • Abiodun M Akanmode, MD, May Pen General Hospital, Jamaica WI.
  • Ramya Akella, MD, Pikeville Medical Center, KY
  • Sami M Akram, MD, MHA, University of Florida, Gainesville
  • Yasir Al Khalili, MD, Clinical Assistant Professor, Virginia Commonwealth University
  • Eiman Al Zaabi, MBBS, Emirates University in AL Ain
  • Mohamed H Alahmadi, MBBS, MS, University of Health Sciences, Lahore
  • Gail Alexander, MSN, Private Practice
  • Mohamed Saleh Alhajjaj, MBBS, FRCPC, Professor, Cosultant, University of Sharajah
  • Abduljabbar Alhammoud, MD, Instructor, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
  • Gina L Allegretti, MD, Clinical Content Editor, Elsevier
  • Yousif A Al-Naser, BMRSc, MRT(R), RT(R), ARRT, CAMRT, Allied Health, CT & X-RAY Technologist, McMaster University
  • Muhammad Atif Ameer, MD, Other, Resident, Suburban Community Hospital
  • Katherine Amos, BA, MEdc, Instructor, Bowling Green State University
  • Chaitanya V Amrutkar, MD
  • Prashanth Anand, MD, Private Practice, Unity Point Health
  • Sachit Anand, MBBS, MCh, Post MCh Fellow, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
  • Catherine Anastasopoulou, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Chair of Endocrinology, Jefferson Einstein Medical Center
  • Zachary B Andrews, Allied Health
  • Fatima Anjum, MD, Associate Professor of Thoracic Medicine & Surgery, Temple University, Lewis Katz School of Medicine
  • Tafline C Arbor, PhD, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, Anatomy Discipline Director, Wake Forest University School of Medicine
  • Jack P Archer, MD, Masters Traumatology, Accredited Registrar (Vascular Surgery), Dr, Liverpool Hospital, NSW, Australia.
  • Mark Ard, MD, MA, Assistant Professor, Clerkship Director, Loma Linda VA Hospital
  • Rohan Arora, MD, Assistant Professor, Director, Stroke Program, Northwell Health/LIJ Forest Hills
  • Hassaan B Arshad, MD, Practicing Physician, Houston Methodist Hospital
  • Shafia Arshad, MBBS, College of Physicians and Surgeons
  • Urwa Arshad, MD, Other, Royal College of Emergency Medicine
  • Ruth O Arumala, DO, MPH, Rowan School Of Osteopathic Medicine
  • Kapil Arya, MB, BS, Associate Professor
  • Seyed Masood Arzaghi, MD, Associate Professor, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
  • Uzair Asad, MD, Lahore General Hospital
  • Shoaib Ashraf, MD, PGY-3, Fellow, Hackensack University Medical Center
  • Sunny P Aslam, MD, Associate Professor of Psychiatry, Addiction and Pain Psychiatrist, SUNY Upstate Medical University
  • Adam Astrada, MHS, RN, Nurse Practitioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurse, Dr., The University of Tokyo
  • Edinen Asuka, M.D., All Saints University School of Medicine, Dominica.
  • Charles Athanasion, AS, Maine Medical Center
  • Ali Atoot, MD, Anesthesiologist, M.D., Hackensack University Medical Center
  • Fibi N Attia, MD, MPH, CIC, Other, IP
  • Patrick C Auth, PhD, PA-C, Clinical Professor, Department Chair, Drexel University
  • Akshay Avula, MD, Practicing Physician
  • Ayoola O Awosika, MD, MBA, MS, Clinical Associate Professor, University of Illinois College of Medicine
  • Chaudhary Ehtsham Azmat, BSc, MBBS, Rawalpindi Medical College and Allied Hospitals
  • Hani M Babiker, MD, Assistant Professor, Director, University of Arizona Cancer Center
  • Bradlee J Bachar, MD, Academic Core Faculty, Kaweah Deltah Health Care District
  • Kanwal Naveen S Bains, MBBS, Assistant Professor, University of Arizona
  • Tyler D Bains, BS, LP, FP-C, CCP-C, C-NPT, Territory Manager
  • Svetlana Bakhtiyarov, BS, Diagnostic Medical Sonography Instructor, Cambridge College of Healthcare and Technology
  • Krishna M Baradhi, MD, Associate Professor, University of Oklahoma
  • Yousif Barzani, MD, MA Ed & HD, MLS (ASCP) CM, Assistant Professor, Program Director, The George Washington University
  • Hajira Basit, MD, Resident Physician, Brookdale University
  • Indranill Basu-Ray, MD, Professor, FACP, FACC, Memphis VA
  • Juan Batlle, MD, MBA, Associate Professor, Florida International University
  • Marlon L Bayot, MD, MPH, RMT, FRSPH, CHA, DipHLM, FISQua, Associate Professor, Dr., Adventist University of the Philippines-College of Medicine; Cavite State University
  • Doug Beals, DDS, MS, Associate Professor, Midwestern University Arizona
  • Lisa S Bellin, MD, Associate Professor, Univ of Tennessee Health Science Center
  • Lynn M Belsanti, BSN, RN-BC, LHCRM, Registered Nurse, Peri-Operative QM Specialist, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital
  • Susan Berg, DNP, MSN, BSN, Associate Professor, University of Tampa
  • Bettina Bernstein, DO, Assistant Professor, Phil College of Osteo Med, Hosp of Phil
  • Kunal Bhatia, MD, Practicing Physician, University of Mississippi Medical Center
  • Rudolf G Bickel, MD, Practicing Physician, MD
  • Marcia B Bishop, Nurse Practitioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurse
  • Michael A Bishop, DO, Resident, Mercy St. Vincent Medical Center
  • Kyle Blair, DO, Practicing Physician, DO, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital
  • Suzanne Blimling, MSN, APRN, PCMHNP, AGPCNP-BC, BSN, Nurse Practitioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurse, Tagger Alverno College
  • Noel T Boaz, PhD, MD, Professor, Director, Anatomy Lab, Carilion Clinic CME
  • Bette A Bogdan, PhD, MSN, BSN, RN-BC, CCM, PHN, Registered Nurse, Nursing Faculty, Purdue Global University; Winston-Salem State University
  • Julia M Boll, MD, Practicing Physician, Dr., UTHSC
  • Srinivasa Rao Bolla, PhD, Assistant Professor, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
  • Danielle L Bollinger, BSN, MSN-NLE, FNP-C, Nurse Practitioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurse
  • SoHyun Boo, MD, Associate Professor, West Virginia University
  • Vaibhav Bora, MBBS, FASE, FASA, FCCP, FCCM, Associate Professor, Director Critical Care Medicine, Augusta University- Medical College of Georgia
  • Seref M Bornovali, MD, MBA, Mercy Hospital
  • Tanna J Boyer, DO, MS, Assistant Professor, Indiana University School of Medicine
  • John D Boyle, BSRS, CNMT, Allied Health, Mayo Clinic School of Health Sciences
  • Mark F Brady, MD, MPH, MMS, DTM&H, Assistant Professor, Alpert Medical School of Brown University
  • Larissa G Brailey, BS, MT, Allied Health, Mrs
  • Lawrence H Brent, MD, Professor, Temple University
  • Melina Brizuela, BDS PGDip, , , International University Of Catalunya (UIC)
  • Lyndsay Brock, DNP, Assistant Professor, Program Coordinator, Ursuline College
  • Mikayla B Brown, BA, Practicing Physician, MD, Stony Brook University School of Medicine
  • Noel Brownlee, BA, BS, MD, PhD, Professor of Pathology and Microbiology, Chair, Pathology, Bon Secours Saint Francis Health/ Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine
  • Barbara A Brunt, AAS, BA, MA, MN, Education Consultant, Brunt Consulting Services
  • Benjamin H Buck, MD, MPHc, Fellow, University of North Carolina School of Medicine
  • Christine Burkhardt, DO, Retired, DO
  • Kristen M Burton-Williams, BSN, MSN, Nursing Quality & Safety Manager, Rhode Island Hospital
  • Burt Cagir, MD, FACS, Professor, FACS
  • Evelinda Camacho, PhDc, QM Accreditation Specialist, Orlando VA Medical Center
  • Lauren M Camaione, BS, PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist, The Brooklyn Hospital Center
  • Ahmet S Can, MD, Adjunct Clinical Assistant Professor, Program Director, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine (LECOM)
  • Abigail S Candee, Allied Health
  • Bethany R Canver, Practicing Physician, MD
  • Judith I Card, MScN, Registered Nurse, RN, University of British Columbia
  • Anja C Carl, AuD, Clinical Audiologist, UNLV School of Medicine
  • Karen Carlson, MD, Associate Professor of Ob/Gyn, Vice Chair of Education, University of Nebraska Medical Center
  • Cynthia Carroll, MSN-ed, Registered Nurse, The Permanente Medical GroupOUP
  • Yvonne M Carter, MD, Associate Professor, Section Chief, Thoracic Surgery, UNLV School of Medicine
  • Jesse T Casaubon, BS, DO, Practicing Physician
  • Catherine M Case, MSN, RN-BC, CPAN, CDCES, Team Lead, Sinai Hospital of Balitmore
  • Laura S Casey, DNP
  • Manouchkathe Cassagnol, PharmD, Associate Clinical Professor, St. John's University
  • Sebastiano Cassaro, MD, Associate Clinical Professor, Surgery Residency Program Director, UN California Irvine / Kaweah Delta
  • Allison R Castro, RN, BS, University of South Florida
  • Sameer Sadashiv Chaudhari, MD, FACC, MPH
  • Azam Cheema, MD, Private Practice
  • Michael Cheikin, MD, Practicing Physician, Medical
  • Adithya Chennamadhavuni, MBBS, Associate, Sutter health
  • Tiffani Chidume, DNP, RN, Other, Simulation Center Coordinator, Auburn University
  • William C Chiu, MD, Professor of Surgery, Director, S.C.C. Fellowship Program, University of Maryland Medical Center
  • Konstantinos Chouliarass, MD, Baptist MD Anderson
  • Ayoub Chybli, FACHE, MBA, University of Alberta
  • Casey Ciresi, BSN, Registered Nurse
  • Kimberly A Cirillo, RN
  • Ryan J Clancy, MSHS, MA, Physician Assistant, Co-Director, Drexel University
  • Nicholas S Clarke, MD, Practicing Physician, Lankenau Medical Center
  • Rachel G Clarke, MD, Upstate Medical University
  • Mark Cogburn, PhD, DNP, Professor of Clinical Psychiatry, Louisiana State University HSC
  • Harris L Cohen, MD, Professor, Univ of Tenn HSC
  • Jesse A Cole, MD
  • Sandra Coleman, MSN, APRN, Nurse Practitioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurse, University of Tampa Tampa, FL
  • Lawrence Collins, MPAS, Associate Professor, Associate Program Director, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine
  • Thaina Colon, DPM, Practicing Physician, Kent State College of Podiatric Medicine
  • Tylor Connor, DO, Resident, San Antonio Military Medical Center
  • Jeffrey S Cooper, MD, Professor, Director of Hyperbaric Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center
  • Charles L Copeland, PA, Physician Assistant, Program Director, Trine University
  • Cynthia A Corpron, BS, MD, Assistant Professor, Un of Michigan
  • Ricardo Correa, Md, EsD, Assistant Professor, Program Director, Endocrine Fellowship, University of Arizona
  • Erin Courtney, MSN, Private Practice
  • John E Cousino, MA, Assistant Professor, Clinical Coordinator, Chattanooga State Community College
  • Lisa D Cox, BSN, Nurse Practitioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurse
  • Jonathan S Crane, DO, Dermatology Residency Program Director, Sampson Regional Med Ctr / Campbell Univ
  • Carla Crider, BSN, MSN, Ed.D, Associate Professor, EdD
  • Jarrod M Cullan, MD, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS
  • Kim Culross, MSN, MSN, RN-BC, CNE
  • Megan L Curran, MD, Associate Professor, University of Colorado School of Med.
  • Troy Curry, BS - Emergency Services, Radford University Carilion
  • Alia Dadabhai, MD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University
  • Julia J Dahlstrom, BSN, Registered Nurse, RN
  • Joseph O Daley, DMD, Private Practice
  • Sharon F Daley, MD, Cape Cod Hospital, Hyannis, MA
  • Megan M Danzl, PT, DPT, PhD, NCS, Assistant Professor, Bellarmine University
  • Paul S Darby, MD, PhD, MPH, Clinical Assistant Professor, Medical Dir, COHE Alliance of Western WA, University of Washington
  • Joe M Das, MD, MCh, DNB, FRCSEd (Neurosurgery), RCS Senior Clinical Fellow in Skull Base Neurosurgery, , Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London
  • Néha Datta, MD, Assistant Professor, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
  • Vivek Datta, MD, MPH, Assistant Professor, University of California, San Francisco
  • Siddharth Dave, MD, Assistant Professor
  • Donald D Davis, MD, Wellstar Atlanta Medical Center
  • Jeremy Davis, MD, MS, University of California Los Angeles
  • Lorrie R Davis-Dick, DNP, PMH-BC, Assistant Professor, Mental Health Nursing Professor, High Point University
  • Randy M De Kler, MS, Assistant professor, Prof., Nova Southeastern University
  • Samujjala Deb, MBBS, MD DERMATOLOGY, Assistant Professor
  • Leena Desai, MD, MSc, MPrHc, The University of Calgary
  • Saugat Dey, MD, Assistant Profeesor, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth/ Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center
  • Aayush Dhakal, MBBS, Internal Medicine Resident, OBH-Interfaith Medical Center
  • Ghada DiaaElDin Mohamed Saeed, MD, Msc, EP Fellowship, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
  • Maria M Diaz, MD, MBA, University of California, Los Angeles
  • Richard P Dittrich, BSc, MUDr, Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
  • Chaddie Doerr, BSN, MS, CRNA, Clinical Instructor, University of Louisville
  • Natasha Dolgin, Practicing Physician
  • Annabelle L Dookie, DPM, Assistant Professor, DPM, Dr. William M. Scholl College Podiatric
  • Robert J Dorman, DNP, MS, BSN, Pediatric Trauma Program Manager, University of Rochester Medical Center
  • Michael Downing, DOc, Nova Southeastern University
  • Mark A Dreyer, DPM, FACFAS, DABPM, CWSP, Intercoastal Medical Group
  • Gina Drobena, MD, Assistant Professor, Un of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
  • Anterpreet Dua, MD, Associate Professor, Augusta University
  • Scott C Dulebohn, MD, Practicing Physician, Chief of Neurosurgery, James H. Quillen
  • Darcy Duncan, DNP, RN, Assistant Professor, East Central University
  • Charles J Dunton, MD, Jefferson Medical College
  • Madelynn J Eaton, MSN, BA, University of Michigan
  • Caroline Edwards, DPT, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN
  • Sean Ellis, Nurse Practitioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurse, Tagger
  • Prabhu D Emmady, MD, MBA, CPE, Adjunct Assistant Professor of Neurology, UNC school of Medicine, Atrium Health
  • Ed Emmanuel, MB ChB, BSc (Hons)., University of Bristol
  • Gayla H Eppinger, DNP, MN, ADN, Clinical Faculty, Baylor University
  • Kathryn N Erickson, RN, BSN, PHN, MBA, CWCN, CFCS, Registered Nurse, Northern Inyo Healthcare District
  • Goldina Erowele, PharmD, MBA, Adjunct Professor, PharmD, Drug Information, Medical Content Writer/Reviewer, Chief Clinical Officer, Howard University, College of Pharmacy, Nursing, Allied Health, Washington, DC
  • Frederick U Eruo, MD, MPH, Associate Professor, Vice Chief of OBGYN, Corewell Health Dearborn OBGYN Residency Program
  • Melanie L Evans, PharmD, Consultant Pharmacist, None
  • Emily Eyth, MSN, RN, CDE, University of South Florida
  • Sarah E Fabiano, PT, MD, Assistant Professor, Greenville Health System
  • Xiaolan Fang, PhD, FACMG, Associate Director, Henry Ford Hospital
  • Aisha Farhana, PhD, Assistant Professor, , College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Saudi Arabia
  • Cindy M Farina, PhD, APRN-CNM, Nurse Practitioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurse, Private Practice, Cindy Farina LLC
  • Abimbola O Farinde, PharmD, PhD, Professor, , Columbia Southern University
  • Khashayar Farzam, DO, Clinical Assistant Professor, Attending Physician, McMaster University
  • Cameron C Felty, Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine, Assistant Professor, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine
  • Dana J Ferguson, BSN, MBA, Residency Coordinator, University of Louisville
  • Jared Vincent B Fernandez, DO, MA, BS, Riverside Regional Medical Center
  • Luis Fernandez, MD,KHS,KCOEG,FACS,FASAS,FCCP,FCCM,FICS, Professor, Professor of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, Tyler, Texas
  • Ashley J Fielek, DNP, Registered Nurse, Adult-Gero Clinical Nurse Specialist, University of Wisconsin-Madison
  • Eric Flake, MD, Associate Professor, Program Director, Madigan Army Medical Center
  • Carl Fleisher, MD, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
  • Danna Flowers, RN, CBN, East Tennessee State University
  • Alexander Fogel, MD, MBA, Practicing Physician, MD, Yale University Department of Dermatology
  • George A Ford, MD, MS, Assistant Professor, East Tennessee State University
  • Kayla C Forshaw, Associates in Nursing, Olympic Medical Center
  • Amanda Forte, MSN, Supervisor, Clinical Nurse Manager, Hunter Holmes McGuire VAMC
  • Kari Fowler, BSN, Safety Coordinator, Nebraska Medicine
  • Bonnie A Franckowiak, DNP, Professor, Coordinator of MS in Nursing Programs
  • Lori A Freeman, ADN, MS, MSN, DNP, Trauma Ed Injury Prev Coord, Mercy Hospital St. Louis
  • Robert R Fuller, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, University of Virginia
  • Matthew R Fulton II, MD, Practicing Physician, M.D., Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso
  • Thom Gaddy, MS, PhD, Associate Professor, Augusta University, AU-UGA Medical Partnership Campus
  • Vishnu V Garla, MD, Assistant Professor, University of Mississippi Medical Center
  • Regina Garrard, BS NMT, Assistant Professor, Assistant Professor/Clinical Coordinator, Augusta University
  • David P Gasalberti, MD, Inspira Health Network
  • Robin A Geiger, DNP, MSN-FNP, BSN, Owner/ NP/ Professor, CEO/ CNO/ Advisory Council, Ovita Health/ National University
  • Angelo P Giardino, MD, PhD, MPH, Professor, Chair, and CMO, University of Utah School of Medicine, Intermountain Primary Children's Hospital
  • Ryan C Gibbons, MD, Associate Professor, Department of EM, Director, AEMUS Fellowship, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University
  • Sean L Gibbs, MD, Core Faculty, Grand Strand Hospital
  • Joslyn Gober, DO, Medical Director, University of Miami
  • Thomas A Godwin, MD, Associate Professor, Chairman
  • Akshay Goel, MBBS, MD, University of Arkansas for Medical Sci
  • Maheswara Satya GR Golla, MD, Assistant Professor, MD, West Virginia University
  • Richard P Goodrich, DO, MBA, MS, Adjunct Professor, Director of Health Services, United States Navy, Lifespan, Liberty University
  • Grant B Goold, MPA, EdD, Department Chair, American River College
  • Eric Goosenberg, MD, Temple University School of Medicine
  • Emilee Gosnell, BSc, St. George’s Hospital, London
  • Sherry Gossman, BSN, Clinical Instructor, Point Loma Nazarene College San Diego, CA
  • William Gossman, MD, Professor, MD, Creighton University
  • Anand Gourishankar, MD, MRCP, MAS, Associate Professor, Children's National Hospital
  • Brendan C Graham, MD, Assistant Professor, Brooke Army Medical Center
  • Derrel D Graham, MD, Professor, Louisiana State University
  • Michael J Granieri, DO, Practicing Physician
  • Guinevere E Granite, BA, MS, MA, PhD, Associate Professor, Director of Human Anatomy, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
  • Lafaine M Grant, MD, Professor, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
  • Mary C Greene, MS, Allied Health, Gallaudet University
  • George Griffing, MD, Professor, St Louis University
  • Sasidhar Gunturu, MD, Assistant Professor, AVC, ICAHN School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai
  • Puneet K Gupta, MBBS, Assistant Professor, University of Louisville
  • Bharat Gurnani, MBBS,DNB,FCRS,FICO,FAICO,MRCS Ed,MNAMS, Practicing Physician and Researcher, Dr, Gomabai Netralaya and Research Centre
  • Kevin B Guthmiller, MD, Assoc Prof of Clinical Anesthesiology, Director, Inpatient Pain Service, USC Keck School of Medicine
  • Pauline F Hackney, MS Exer. Sci.; BS Nutrition; BA Spanish, Instructor, Biochem./Molec. Biol. (&Clin. Nutr. Mgr), Westchester Medical Center
  • Enad Haddad, MBBSc, Jefferson Abington Hospital
  • Heather Hall, DO, BS, Clinical Faculty, Garden City Hospital and Michigan State University
  • Jamika L Hallman-Cooper, MD, Assistant Professor, Emory University
  • Renee N Hamel, DPT, Assistant Professor, High Point University
  • Richard J Hamilton, MD MBA, Professor, Chair, Drexel University
  • Temekis D Hampton, DNP, MPH, Nurse Practitioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurse, DNP
  • Manassa Hany, MD, Assistant Professor, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
  • Nowreen Haq, MD, MPH, FACP, FACE, Program Director, Endocrinology, University of Maryland Medical Systems and George Washington Hospital
  • Bonnie Harmer, PhD, MSN, MSEd, Associate Professor, Saginaw Valley State University
  • Brandi F Harris, MSN, Nurse Practitioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurse, Kaiser Permanente
  • Muhammad Faisal Hashmi, MBBS, National Health Service
  • Walid Hassan Saleh, MD, Arab Board of Internal Medicine
  • Bonnie Haupt, DNP, Registered Nurse, Clinical Nurse Leader, STX VAHCS
  • Ryan M Hay, MSN, Registered Nurse, Lehigh Valley Health Network
  • Stacia M Hays, DNP, CPNP-PC, CNE, Clinical Assistant Professor, University of Florida
  • Michael J Heard, MD, Faculty, Medical Director, University of Houston-HCA
  • Hannah Heavelyn, PharmD, BCPS, Pharmacist, Emergency Medicine Clinical Specialist, Emergency Medicine Pharmacy Clinical Specialist
  • Mohamed I Hegazy, MD, MSc, Assistant Professor of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine
  • Joe R Helme, MS, RRT-NPS, Allied Health, Georgia State University
  • Melissa Henderson, PhD, Assistant Professor, Lincoln Memorial Uni, DeBusk College
  • Stephen Hendriksen, MD, Hennepin County Medical Center
  • Joseph Maxwell Hendrix, MD, Medical Director - Principal Investigator, Worldwide Clinical Trials
  • DeLoris W Hesse, PhD, Associate Professor, University of Georgia
  • Kristen K Hicks-Roof, PhD, RDN, LDN, CLC, FAND, Assistant Professor, University of North Florida
  • Zachary T Hodge, MS, Brooke Army Medical Center
  • Brendan Hodis, MD, MS, Practicing Physician, Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine/Boston Medical Center
  • Marc H Hohman, MD, Professor, Chief, Facial Plastic Surgery, Uniformed Services University/Madigan Army Medical Center
  • Jasmine B Hollywood, DCN, MS-N, BA-Psy, Doctor of Clinical Nutrition, President, Private Practice
  • Stefan D Holubar, MD, MS, FACS, FASCRS, Director of Research, Cleveland Clinic
  • Maria S Horenstein, MD, MSci, Director, Ped Cardiac Exercise Lab, CHOC (Children's Hospital of Orange County)
  • B. Zane Horowitz, MD, Professor, Oregon Health Science University
  • Shawn Horrall, MD, Assistant Professor, Baylor Scott & White
  • Robert W Hostoffer, DO, PhD, Associate Professor, Case Western University
  • Steven A House, MD, Professor, Residency Program Director, University of Louisville
  • Benjamin Houseman, MD, PhD, Practicing Physician, MD
  • Shelly Hsieh, MD, Assistant Professor, Burke Rehabilitation Hospital
  • Nicole M Hsu, MD, MPH
  • Alexander Hu, DO, Community Practice, University of California Los Angeles
  • Mark L Hudak, MD, Professor, Chairman of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine
  • Braidi R Huecker, MD, Private Practice, Baptist Health Floyd
  • Martin R Huecker, MD, Associate Professor, Research Director, University of Louisville
  • Evelyn K Hughes, MSN, PPCNP-BC PMHS-BC, Nurse Practitioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurse, APRN, Florida International University
  • Mahadevappa K Hunasikatti, MD, DPM, FCCP, Federal Job, Medical Officer, FDA (Food and Drug Administration)
  • Maureen Hunter, RN, BSN, Registered Nurse, Rochester General Hospital
  • Brett W Huntley, MEd, Training Captain / Clinical Educator, St. John Rescue
  • Fahad Hussain, DPM, Practicing Physician
  • Clover R Hutchinson, OTD, MA, BS, , Assistant Professor, York College, CUNY
  • Melissa L Hutchinson, DNP, BA, Nurse Practioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurse, Clinical Nurse Specialist
  • Eseosa T Ighodaro, MD, PhD, Vascular Neurology Fellow Physician, Emory University Hospital
  • Godwin T Igodo, MBBS, Practicing Physician, Dr, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust
  • Didem Inanoglu, MD, Associate Professor, Fellowship Program Director, UT Southwestern Med Center at Dallas
  • James P Inciardi, MSRC, BSRC, Allied Health, Boise State University, Boise, ID
  • Ashley C Ireland, OD, Optometrist, , CorrectVision Laser Institute
  • Jonathan D Isenberg, MS, BSN, RN, CEN, Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine
  • Hishaam Ismael, MD, Associate Professor, Director of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Texas HSC
  • Lindsay M Iverson, DNP, Assistant Professor, Creighton University
  • Nitesh Kumar Jain, MD, Mayo Clinic
  • Sunil K Jain, MD, Assistant Professor, Medical Director Acute Pain Service, Virginia Tech
  • Mohammad Jaran, MS, BSc, Other, Risk
  • Suzanne M Jenkins, MD, Private Practice
  • Susan H N Jeno, PT, PhD, Professor Emerita, University of North Dakota, Retired
  • Suman Kumar Jha, MBBS, Private Practice, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences
  • Navi D Johal, M.S., Teaching Associate, ARNP, University of Washington
  • Savio John, MD, Associate Professor, Director, SUNY Upstate Medical University
  • Eric M Johnson, PhD, AuD,, Assistant Professor, West Virginia University
  • Sheri M Johnson, MSN, Registered Nurse, Director of Case Management, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children
  • Jhaurel R Johnson White, MSN
  • Jacqueline P Johnston, MSN, PhDc, Adjunct and Director of Health, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Adelphi University
  • Allison P Jones, MSW, Clinician, Simmons College, Boston , Massachusetts
  • Ellen S Jones, PharmD, Assistant Professor, Harding University College of Pharmacy
  • James J Jones, PhD, PA-C, Physician Associate, Branch Chief, University of Nebraska
  • Jennifer L Jones, MD, FACS, Assistant professor, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California
  • Zachary P Joos, MD, Private Practice, Un of Utah Hosp, John A Moran Eye C
  • Kristine M Jordan, MHA, RN, LHRM, NCH Healthcare
  • Jay M Jorge, MD, Attending Surgeon, Tiesenga Surgical Associates SC
  • Laura Joseph, DNPc, MSN, NBA-HCM, University of Maryland
  • Nancy I Joseph, DO
  • Ganesh Joshi, MD, Assistant Professor, UMass Memorial Medical Center
  • Tejas V Joshi, MD, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, St. Kitts
  • Felix Jozsa, MBBS, BMus, University College London
  • Paula D Julian, PhD, Associate Professor, Executive Director, University of Arkansas-Fort Smith
  • Rian Kabir, MD, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
  • Nicole M Kaiser, DPM, Virtua Health System
  • Abdel Kaleel, MD, MSc, BS, McMaster Medical SChool
  • Ashok Kumar Kanugula, MD, MPH, FACP, CHCQM, Diplomate ABOM, Clinical Assistant Professor-Augusta University, Program Director, Wellstar Health System and Augusta University
  • Katie A Kapitan, Master Degree, Registered Nurse, Ms, NewYork Presbyterian Columbia University
  • Anup Kasi, MD, MPH, Assistant Professor, University of Kansas
  • Pranay Kathuria, MD, Professor, Division Chief & Fellowship Director, Un of Oklahoma College of Medicine
  • Kirandeep Kaur, MBBS, DNB, FICO, MNAMS, MRCS, Consultant, Dr., Aravind Eye Hospital, Pondicherry
  • Niranjan Kavadi, MD, Clinical Associate Professor, Program Director, University of Oklahoma
  • Anita Kelkar, MD MPH, Assistant Professor, Medical Director, VA Kernersville Medical Center
  • Lauren A Kempfer, DNP
  • Lori Kerley, DNP, MSN, Professor, Online Graduate Faculty-DNP, American Sentinel University
  • Daniel Keyes, MD, MPH, Clinical Professor, Associate Chair for Academic Affairs, Michigan State University
  • Gulam Qutubuddin Khan, MD, MRCP, Associate Professor, University of Kentucky
  • Majid A Khan, MD, Associate Professor, Director of NeuroRadiology, University of MS Medical Center
  • Mahammed Z Khan Suheb, MD, Assistant Professor, University of Wisconsin
  • Divya Khattar, MD, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
  • Leila Khazaeni, MD, Associate Professor, Loma Linda University
  • Jacqueline Y Kikuchi, MD, Uniformed Services University
  • Robert B Killeen, MD, University of Illinois
  • Amie M Kim, MD, Assistant Professor, Mount Sinai Med. Center/Icahn School
  • InYoung Kim, MD, PhD, University of Chicago
  • Jung D Kim, BSN, Registered Nurse, Grand Canyon University, Arizona
  • Laura M Kim, DNP, BSN, APRN, Registered Nurse, Rush University, Chicago, IL
  • Ali Kimyaghalam, MD, Teaching Associate, Northwell Staten Island University Hospital
  • Scott E Kincaid, PharmD, Assistant Adjunct Professor, Director, University of Kentucky Healthcare
  • Scott M Klenzak, MD, Assistant Professor of Clin Psychiatry, Program Director Psychiatry Residency, Campbell University
  • Deborah A Kleypas, ADN, Registered Nurse, RN, CA-CP SANE, SANE-A, SANE-P, GFN-C, Baylor Scott & White College Station
  • Justin A Klis, AAS, BS, MPA, Program Coordinator, Department Chair, Milwaukee Area Technical College
  • Stacy D Kmentt, PharmD, BS, Midwestern University Chicago College of Pharmacy
  • Jennifer Koay, MD, Assistant Professor, West Virginia University School of Med.
  • Elsie Koh, MD MHL FSIR, CMO AEV, CEO of LEAD, American Endovascular
  • Janak Koirala, MD, MPH, Professor, Division Chief, Southern IL Un School of Medicine
  • Scott J Korvek, MD, Practicing Physician, MD
  • Cynthia A Kreps, CSFA, BS, Instructor, Program Director, Southeast Community College
  • Kelli A Kronsberg, PharmD, Adjunct Clinical Faculty;, Clinical Pharmacist
  • Katie A Kucera, BS, MS, Virginia Commonwealth University
  • Evan A Kuhl, MD, Assistant Professor, Medical Director, University of Louisville
  • Gurinder Kumar, MBBS,MD, FRCPCH, Assistant Professor
  • Nitesh Kumar, MD, MBA, Private, Chief Clinical Liaison, 1.) Lakeview Hospital and Neurorehab center. 2.) Froedtert hospital and medical college of wisconsin
  • Vikas Kumar, MD, Associate Professor, Augusta University
  • Sandeepkumar Kuril, MD, Associate Professor, Medical Director, Ped Neurooncology, Medical University of South Carolina
  • Elliot Lach, MD, Associate Professor, Yale University
  • Steven M Lange, MD, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital
  • Vijay Lapsia, MBBS, MD, Assistant Professor, Medical Director, Icahn School of Medicine
  • Sara A Laville, PharmD
  • Mark A Law, MD, Practicing Physician, Childrens of AL, Un of AL at Birmingham
  • Sherly Lawrensia, MD, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia
  • Patrick H Le, MD, Other, MD, UNC School of Medicine
  • Vincent R Lee, MD, Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine, Attending Physician, Northwell Health/Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra School of Medicine
  • David A Leon, MD, MS, House Staff, Johns Hopkins University
  • Stephen W Leslie, MD, Associate Professor of Surgery, Urology, Creighton University School of Medicine
  • Ethan Levine, DO, Practicing Physician, DO
  • Michael L Levy, MD, PhD, Professor, Division Head Pediatric Neurosurgery, UCSD
  • Michael H LeWitt, MD, MPH
  • Ryan Ley, MD, MBA, MS, Assistant Professor, University of Nevada School of Medicine
  • Linda Lindsay, BSN, ARNP, PhD, Clinical Instructor, Un of North Florida
  • Taylor Lindsay, PharmD, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL
  • Teresa Littlefield, MSN, Clinical Instructor, University of Colorado Colorado Springs
  • Virginia Londahl-Ramsey, DNAP, CRNA, ARNP, CHSE, Assistant Professor, Dr. Virginia Londahl-Ramsey, Florida Gulf Coast University
  • Saran Lotfollahzadeh, MD, MD, General Surgeon, Pediatric Surgery Sub-specialist, Research Scientist, Vascular Reserach, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA, Department of Surgery, vascular and endovascular surgery section, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA
  • Bethany Lovell, RN, Registered Nurse, Florida State College at Jacksonville, FL
  • Suzanne M Lugger, DNP, APRN, FNP-BC, PMHNP-BC, Assistant Professor, University of Michigan-Flint
  • Forshing Lui, MBBS, Professor of Neurology, Neuroscience Course Director, CA Northstate Uni, College of Med
  • John R Lunde, DNP, AGACNP/FNP-BC, FCCM, Nurse Intensivist, Critical Care, Orange Park Medical Center
  • Kimberly Lynch, DNP, MSN, MBA, Associate Professor, Nurse Practitioner APRN-FPA, Faculty, Olivet Nazarene University, Indiana Wesleyan University, Associated Physicians
  • Dusty Lynn, RN, MSc, TCRN, EMT-P, , Pediatric Emergency Education, Edutainment Consulting & Seminars
  • J M M Duthie, PhD, MBBS, Practicing Physician, Dr
  • Elizabeth V Maani, MD, Assistant Professor, UT Health San Antonio / South Texas VA
  • Tracy E Macaulay, PharmD, Pharmacist, Clinical Professor Pharmacy, UK HealthCare
  • Catherine A MacDonald, RN, CEN, Registered Nurse, Wilkes University
  • Mitchel A Maceda, Doctorate in Physical Therapy, Allied Health, Rehab Education Specialist, Houston Methodist Hospital
  • Mary D Mackenburg-Mohn, BA, MS, PhD, Nurse Practitioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurse, Assistant Professor, University of Colorado
  • Elena D Madan, MD, Resident, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
  • Guruprasad Mahadevaiah, MD, Clinical Assistant Professor, California Northstate University School of Medicine and Sutter Medical Center, Sacramento
  • Sidharth Mahapatra, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center
  • Heba Mahdy, MBBCH, DOWH, MRCPI, MD
  • Neetu Mahendraker, MD, MBBS, Assistant Professor, Hospitalist, Indiana University
  • Amgad N Makaryus, MD, Professor, Practicing Physician, Chairman, Dept. of Cardiology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell
  • Adel Malek, PhD, Memorial University
  • Raman Malhotra, MB ChB, FRCOphth, Practicing Physician, Consultant Oculoplastic Surgeon
  • Ahmad Malik, MD, MBBS
  • Eric B Mallow, MD, MPH, MSE, Practicing Physician, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
  • Biagio Manna, DO, RWJUH/Barnabas Health System
  • Barbara D Marino, MD, Associate Professor (MD Anderson Cancer Center 1991-1993)
  • Dan Marlowe, PhD, MS, Assistant Professor, Chair, Department of Behavioral Health, Campbell University School of OM
  • Jeanna Marraffa, PharmD, Associate Professor, Assistant Clinical Director, Upstate Medical University
  • Evelyn M Martin, DNP, APRN, FNP-BC, PMHNP-BC, Advanced Practice Registered Nurse - Nurse Practitioner, Associate Professor, Johns Hopkins University; West Virginia University
  • Ana H Martinez, MD, Practicing Physician, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital
  • Seth Martinez, MD, Other, MD, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
  • Daniel J Martingano, D.O., MBA, PH.D, D.Div, Associate Professor of OBGYN, Assistant Professor of Mathematics, Assistant Professor of Health Informatics, Discipline Chair, OB/GYN, William Carey University; Rutgers University; Episcopal Health Services Inc.
  • Komal Marwaha, MBBS, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, , Paul L Foster School of Medicine, TTUHSC, El Paso,TX, USA
  • Raman Marwaha, MD, Assistant Professor, Associate Residency Program Director, Case Western Reserve Un/MetroHealth MC
  • Jared T Marx, MD, Professor, US Director AEMUS Fellowship Director, University of Nebraska Medical Center
  • Benjamin A Matta, MD, MSc, Children’s Mercy Hospital (CMH), Kansas City, MO
  • Yuri Matusov, MD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, MD
  • Corey M Matyskiela, BSN, Cumberland University
  • Ana C Mavarez, MD, Assistant professor, Pediatric Anesthesiologist, Wellstar MCG Health at Augusta University
  • Todd May, DO, Intermountain Healthcare
  • Thomas Mazzoni, DO, RPh, Clinical Instructor, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center/Rutgers University
  • Russell K McAllister, MD, Clinical Professor of Anesthesiology, Interim Chair-Anesthesiology, Texas A&M College of Medicine
  • Beryl A McClelland, BS, MSN, VA Med Center, OHSU School of Nursing
  • Bonnie McGinn, None, Western Connecticut State University
  • Kellie A McGowan, Associate of Applied Science, 4.0 GPA, MRI/CT X-Ray Technologist, Barrett Hospital and Healthcare
  • Reed McKinney, DDS, Resident, Indiana University School of Dentistry
  • Kayla M McLaughlin, Doctorate in Physical Therapy, Doctor of Physical Therapy, New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist
  • Daniel Mead, DNP, MSCE, Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science
  • Kelvin O Memeh, MD, MS, MBA, PhDc, Private Practice, Surgeon, Methodist University Hospital
  • Donna M Mendes, MD, Associate Professor of Surgery, Vice Chair Education, Hofstra University
  • Donnna M Mendes, MD, Associate Professor of Surgery, Vice Chair Education, Hofstra University
  • Gopal Menon, MBBS, MD, MPH, MBA
  • Vikas Merchia, MD, BS, Clinical Professor, MCPHS
  • Marcelle Meseeha, MD
  • Rachael L Mignin, DNP, Nurse Practitioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurse, Columbia University
  • Beverly A Mikes, MD, Private Practice, Virtua Hospital
  • Amanda L Miller, DMSc, PA-C
  • Jeffrey A Miller, BA, MD, Associate Professor, Staff Radio VA Med C, Dir of Imaging, VA Med Center, Rutgers Un School of Med
  • Rachel Miller, MDc, BSN, Registered Nurse, INOVA Loudoun Hospital
  • Mary A Miner, BSN, MS, PhD, Registered Nurse
  • Jeffrey F Minteer, MD, Residency Program Director
  • Sally A Mitchell, EdD, MMSc, Associate Professor, Vice Chair of Education, Indiana University School of Medicine
  • Yaqub Nadeem Mohammed, MD, Kakatiya Medical College
  • Michele A Monteil, BSc, MBBS, MSc, PhD, FRCPath, Senior Lecturer, University of Central Lancashire
  • Matthew A Morgan, DO, Creighton University
  • Joann Morris, LPN, CMA, Vocational Nurse, Florida Metropolitan University
  • Ali MA Mousa, MBBCh, MSc, MRCPI, SCE Endocrinology, Academic Tutor, Kuwait Oil Company, Ahmadi Hospital
  • Theresa Moutafis, RD, LDN, CDE, IBCLC
  • Dharani Mudugal, MD, University of Nebraska Medical Center
  • Shiva Kumar R Mukkamalla, MD, MPH, Clinical Assistant Professor, Burrell School of Osteopathic Medicine, Presbyterian Healthcare Services
  • Sunil Munakomi, MS Surgery, MCh Neurosurgery, Professor, Kathmandu University
  • Anamary Munoz, MSN, Nurse Practitioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurse
  • Najib I Murr, MD, Associate Professor, Director, Neurology Residency Program, South IL Sch of Med, Memorial Med Center
  • John Murray, MD, Associate Professor, University of Florida COM - Jacksonville
  • Sally A Muskett, DNP, Adjunct Instructor, University of Cincinnati/Cincinnati Children's Hospital
  • Ghada D Mustafa, MBBS,MSc,MRCP,PGCertEd,MDc/PhDc, Practicing Physician
  • Jason T Nagle, BSN, RN, CEN, CPN, CPEN, TCRN, FNE, CommonSpirit Health
  • Abhijeet A Nakave, MBBS, MD, BCADM, Associate Professor, Diabetes Team Director, Mary Washington Health Care
  • Rachel P Nall, DNP, MSN, BSN, BS in Journalism, Nurse Practitioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurse, Assistant Professor, University of Tennessee-Chattanooga
  • Yasmin Naqvi, MS, Mpsych, Consultant, Kulsoom International Hospital
  • Ram Narendra Narayan, MBBS, MD, CRND, Assistant Professor, Director of HEENT Block, Creighton University School of Medicine
  • Aussama k Nassar, MD, MSc, Clinical Assistant Professor, Stanford University
  • Daniel Neelon, MD, Practicing Physician, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center
  • Kimberly R Neely, RN, MSN, CDE
  • Marshall Newman, DMD, Assistant Professor, Augusta University
  • Lisa T Newsome, MD, DMD, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
  • Ijang A Ngando, PharmD, MSCR, MBA, Pharmacist, Critical Care Pharmacist Specialist, Beaufort Memorial Hospital
  • Brian A Nielson, PhD, MPH, MAED, Walden University, Minneapolis Minnesota
  • Jeffrey A Nielson, MD, MS, Practicing Physician
  • Pramod Kumar Nigam, MBBS, MD, MAMS, MBA, PGDIHL, FIAD, FRCP, Professor, Director, PtJNM Med C, Chhattisgarh and AYUSH Uni
  • Taiga Nishihori, MD, Assistant Professor, Moffitt Cancer Center
  • Kelly Noble, DNP, MSN-FNP, BSN, Assistant Professor, Spalding University
  • Vinod Nookala, MD, Associate Professor, Associate Program Director, UPMC Pinnacle
  • Bala santhoshKumar BS Nootikoorthi, Pharmacist
  • Silvia Oakes, BSN, Registered Nurse, Indiana Wesleyan University
  • Julianne R Oates, MSN, BS, RN, LCDR, US Navy
  • William Ofstad, PharmD, Assistant Dean for Education, California Health Sciences University
  • Shiva K Ojha, MD, , , Scheer Memorial Adventist Hospital
  • Michael Okocha, BSc, MSc, MRCS, MAcadMEd, Associate Tutor, University of Bristol
  • Donna Olafson, EMS, BS, Allied Health, Avera McKennan School of EMS Education, Sioux Falls, SD
  • Olusoji D Olakanpo, BsC, MBBS, MRCP (UK), MD, FAAP, Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, GUY’S & ST. THOMAS’S, LONDON
  • Brynn Oliver, FP-C,CCP, NRP, Critical Care Flight Paramedic
  • Tony I Oliver, MD, FRCP (Glas, Edin), FACP, Professor, University Of South Dakota
  • Ryan R Olson-Meyer, BS
  • Michael S Omori, MD, Clinical Assistant Professor, MD, Bon Secours St. Vincent Mercy Hospital
  • Alisha Oropallo, MD, FACS, FAPWCA, Associate Professor, Director, Zucker Hofstra Medical School
  • Josephine A Orrick, BS, MS, Boston University
  • Christian Paletta, MD, Clinical Professor, Medical Director, United Medical Center Wound Center
  • Srilekha Palle, PT,DPT,MBA, Allied Health, DOR
  • Jyotsna Pandey, MBBS, MD PhD, Professor, MD PhD, Central Michigan University College of Medicine
  • Duellyn Pandis, DNP, APRN, FNP-C, CTM, AFTM RCPS(Glasg), Professor, University of South Florida
  • Shamini Parameswaran, MD, Clinical Assistant Professor, Cardiothoracic Surgeon, BSA Hospital, Texas Tech University HSC SOM
  • Sara Parker, BHS, MPH, DHSc(c), Associate Clinical Professor, University of Missouri
  • Tamra A Parker, MSW, Private Practice, LCSW-R
  • Bhupendra CK Patel, LRCP, MRCS, MBChB, DORCS, FRCOphth, FRCS, Professor, Chief, University of Utah
  • Jimy Patel, DPT
  • Rakeshkumar B Patel, MD, MBA, FACP, FAPA, Assistant Professor, MD, MBA, FACP, FAPA, ETSU/Lincoln Memorial/Ballad Health
  • Kathy L Patterson, MSHSA, MBA, PhDc, Adjunct Professor, RRT
  • Bradley T Peet, MD, Practicing Physician, University of California, San Francisco
  • Mark V Pellegrini, PharmD, DC, Private Practice
  • Callahan M Pels, BS; MLS, Clinical Laboratory Scientist, University of Virginia Medical Hospital
  • Scott W Penney, MD, MPH, Associate Professor, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium
  • Norvin Perez, MD, Associate Professor, Barttlet Regional Hospital
  • Diana C Peterson, PhD, Professor, Professor, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine
  • Jessica Petrone, MD, Saint Louis University
  • Rachel Phelps, DNP, MSN, BSN, Assistant Professor, Simulation Director, High Point University
  • John Pi, MD, Professor, George Washington University
  • Richard E Pike, MS, BS, AS, EMS Instructor, Clinical Coordinator, Southern Union State Community College
  • Jonathan Polak, MD, St. George’s University School of Medicine
  • Brock Polish, DPM, , , Barry University
  • Dina Y Polishuk, MS, Allied Health, University of Cincinnati
  • Glenn Porter, MOT, Allied Health, OTR, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
  • Salvador E Portugal, DO, MBA, Assistant Professor, Program Director, NYU Grossman School of Medicine / NYU Langone Health
  • Jessica A Powell, AOS, BSc, Allied Health, RCIS AACC, University of Cincinnati
  • Dinesh Pradhan, MD, FCAP, FASCP, UNMC and Nebraska Medicine
  • Adrian Preda, MD, Professor, UC Irvine
  • Charles V Preuss, BSPharm, PhD, Professor, University of South Florida
  • Chantal Prewitt, PhD, Associate Professor, , Bellarmine University
  • Paul L Price, PharmD, Associate Professor, Senior Associate Dean, Creighton University
  • Sheilah M Priori, ADN, CIV, Registered Nurse, Sexual Assault Medical Management
  • Benjamin A Proctor, BS, Facility Instructor, University Services University USU
  • Emory AHSOHSMIPA Program, PA-C, MHA, MPAS, Physician Assistant, Mr, Emory & Henry University School of Health Sciences
  • Sarah A Provins, Associates in Applied Science, Faculty, EMT and AEMT Instructor, Pikes Peak State College
  • Boonkit Purt, MD, Ophthalmology Service, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center
  • Nader Rahimi, PhD, MS, Allied Health, Boston University Medical Campus, Boston, MA
  • Prashant Kumar Rai, MBBS, Assistant Professor Clinical, Associate Program Director, University Of Texas Medical Branch
  • Michael Rajnik, MD, Associate Professor, Chief, Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Arooj Ramzan, MBBS, Rawalpindi Medical University
  • Prashanth Rawla, MD, Attending, Sovah Health, Martinsville, VA
  • Ayita Ray, MD, Attending, Interventional and non invasive cardiology
  • Syed S Razi, MD, Sindh Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
  • Andrew C Rettew, DO, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Chief, Division Hematology and Oncology, Reading Hosptial, Tower Health; Drexel University College of Medicine
  • Ma Cecilia I Reyes, BSN, RN, CPAN, CEN, TCRN
  • Wanda C Reygaert, BS, MS, PhD, Associate Professor, Oakland Un William Beaumont Sch of Med
  • John R Richards, MD, Professor
  • Roxene S Riles, BSN, MSN, FNPc, PHD, Director of Simulation and Learning Lab, University of Tampa
  • Abid Rizvi, MD, MBBS, Assistant Professor, West Virginia University, William R Sharpe Jr Hospital
  • Allison Rizzuti, MD, Associate Professor, SUNY Downstate
  • Marc Robins, DO, MPH, Practicing Physician
  • Selena F Robinson, AAS, AGE, MBAc, Instructor, NORTH CAROLINA WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY
  • Arturo Robles-Tenorio, MD, MSc, Universidad de Guadalajara
  • Franklyn Rocha Cabrero, MD, Resident, University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital
  • Christine P Roe, ADN, Registered Nurse
  • Alan D Rogol, MD, PhD, Professor, Prof
  • Preeti Rout, MD, Wilson Case Western University
  • Lori B Rubarth, PhD, NNP-BC, Professor, NNP Track Lead, Creighton University
  • Scott E Rudkin, MD, MBA, Professor, Chief Medical Information Officer, University of California
  • Paul A Rufo, MD, MMSc, Assistant Professor, Fellowship Program Director, Harvard University/Boston Children's Hospital
  • Elyan Ruiz Solano, MD, Children's Hospital Colorado, Denver, CO.
  • Mario W Saab Chalhoub, MD, Assistant Professor, Medical College of Wisconsin
  • Ahmed Y Saber, MBBCH,MSc,PhD,MRCS,FRCS T&Or,EBOT, SICOT, Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation Trust
  • Ahmed O Sabry, MBBCh, M.Sc, Dr., Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University
  • Seifeldin T Sadek, MD, Private Practice, Center for Reproductive Medicine, an Inception clinic
  • Sheeba Sagar, MBBS, MD, Resident, Christian Medical College, Ludhiana
  • Elizabeth Saltigerald, BSN, James A Haley VAMC
  • Reza N Samad, MD, Assistant Professor
  • Hrishikesh Samant, MD, Assistant Professor, Director Hepatology, Ochsner Multiorgan Transplant Center
  • Samir Samarany, MD, Private Practice, San Antonio Regional Hospital
  • Neha Sanan, DO, Chief Fellow, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH
  • John R Sanchez, MD, PGY-3, Captain (U.S. Army), Resident Physician, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center
  • Shannon R Sanchez, AAS, BS, Allied Health, MONROE CARELL JR. CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL AT VANDERBILT
  • Devang K Sanghavi, MD, MHA, Associate Professor, Director of Medical Intensive Care Unit, Mayo Clinic
  • Abdulghani Sankari, MD, MS, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Director of Medical Education, Wayne State University
  • Jun Sasaki, MD, Assistant Professor, Boston Children's Hospital /Harvard Medical School
  • Robert Anthony Sasso, MD, Professor, Director, Central MIchigan University
  • Nishad C Sathe, MD, Private Practice
  • Adrienne Saxton, MD, Assistant Professor, Case Western Reserve University
  • Alissa A Scalise, PharmD, Pharmacist, Clinical Pharmacist Practitioner
  • Lynn A Schaefer, PhD, Clinical Associate Professor, Director of Neuropsychology, Nassau University Medical Center
  • Sonja W Schedler, CRN, Registered Nurse, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
  • Amy E Schmidt, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, University of Rochester
  • Caroline Schoo, MD, Practicing Physician, Medical Director, VOA PACE
  • Julie B Schwartzbard, MD, Voluntary Assistant Professor, University of Miami School of Medicine
  • Aaron T Scott, Doctorate in Healthcare Administration, Physician Assistant, VP of Clinical Operations, Capella University
  • KELLEY SCOTT, DNP, Assistant Professor, DNP
  • Richard Selinfreund, PhD, Associate Professor, Head of Pathology Instruction, SIU-SOM
  • George Semien, MD, MPH, MSc, FASE, FASA, Assistant Professor, Director, Memorial Healthsystem, Florida International University
  • Miguel B Sequeira Campos, BSc(Hons) MBBS(Dist) MRCS(Eng) MBA(2024), Specialist Registrar in Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, King's College London
  • Consolato Sergi, MD, PhD, MPH, FRCPC, FCAP, Professor, University of Alberta
  • Marc Serra, DDS, Associate Clinical Professor, Program Director, Maxillofacial Surgery, Madigan Army Medical Center
  • Anita B Sethna, MD, Practicing Physician Associate Professor, Associate Program Director, Emory University School of Medicine
  • Julie B Sewell, MSN, Walden University
  • Muhammad Shahid Shamim, MBBS, FCPS, FRCS, PGD Bioethics, MHPE, Professor, Dow University of Health Sciences
  • Pirbhat Shams, MBBS, FCPS, Fellow Cardiac Imaging, The Aga Khan University
  • Gwyneth B Sharer, MSN, ACCNS-P, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
  • Naveen P Sharma, MD, Clinical Assistant Professor, Psychiatrist, University of Michigan
  • Nitish Sharma, MD, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, Massachusetts
  • Sanjeev Sharma, Practicing Physician, Dr.
  • Ruthmarie Shea Atallah, AA, AAS, BS, BSN, MA, MA, MSN, JD, Private Practice, A-G Clinical Nurse Specialist, Rochester Medical Center
  • Amy J Sheer, MD, MPH, University of FLorida
  • Andrew L Sherman, MD, MS, Professor, Vice Chair, Residency Program Dir, Un of Miami Miller School of Med
  • Brian M Shewchuk, PhD, Associate Professor
  • Marintha R Short, PharmD, Purdue University
  • Jacob Shreffler, PhD, Instructor, Researcher, University of Louisville School of Medicine
  • Matthew Shultz, RN, Registered Nurse, Texas Health Arlington
  • Karlie R Shumway, MD, BS, MS, Resident Physician, General Surgery, , Henry Ford Health
  • Frances W Sills, RN, BSN, MSN, Assistant Professor, East Tennessee State University
  • Mindy J Silvas, BS, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences
  • Sriram Simakurthy, MBBS, MD, DNB, Practicing Physician, AIIMS, NEW DELHI
  • Barbara Simmons, ASN, MSN, PhD, Registered Nurse, PhD, MSN, RN, Walden University
  • Paolo Simoni, MD, PhD,MBA, Professor of Radiology, Head of Department, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)
  • Brittany Simpson, MD, Practicing Physician, Cincinnati Children's Hospital
  • Reddog E Sina, DO, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine, Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine
  • Achint K Singh, MD, Associate Professor, Un of Texas Health Sci Ctr San Antonio
  • Manvinder Singh, MD, Montefiore/Einstein
  • Mayank Singhal, MBBS, MD, Hospitalist and Associate Professor, Associate Program Director, Cape Fear Valley, Methodist University
  • Jeanie Skibiski, DNAP, MHA, CRNA, Assistant Professor, Missouri State University
  • Brian S Skrainka, MD, StatPearls Contributor- Pediatric Emergency Medicine
  • Alexis Skuras, DNP, Clinical Nurse Specialist, Recovery Mobile Clinic
  • Rick Slaven, EdD (ABD), MPS, Director, Lincoln Memorial University
  • Jennifer M Slowik, DO, MS, BS, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center
  • Travis Smith, DO, Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine; Associate Dean of Clinical Integration and Assessment, Associate Dean of Clinical Education, LECOM at Jacksonville University
  • Kelly Smith-Moore, BS, Indiana University of Pennsylvania
  • Dawn R Smith-Williams, RDH, PhD, Associate Professor, Department Chairperson, Howard University
  • Bickkie Solomon, PharmD, MBA, Pharmacist, Dr, University of Southern California
  • Scarlet R Spain, DNP, MSN, MPH (in process), Assistant Professor, Program Director, Valparaiso University/ Community Healthcare System
  • Jodi J Speiser, MD, Assistant Professor, Director, Loyola University Medical Center
  • Jack J Springer, MD, DTM, H(2), Assistant Professor, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
  • Susan Stanton, PhD, Assistant Professor, Director, Campbell University
  • Adriane C Stasurak, DNP, ANP-BC, Nurse Practitioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurse, Associate Professor
  • Kim Steanson, DNP, CPNP-PC/AC, Vanderbilt University
  • Christopher B Steelman, MS, RT (R)(CI)(ARRT), RCIS, FACVP, Allied Health, Saint Joseph’s University, Philadelphia, PA
  • Lee Stevens, MD, Practicing Physician, M.D.
  • Barbara A Stewart, MD, Assistant Professor, East Tennessee State University
  • Charles E Stewart, MD, EMDM, MPH, Professor, Tulane University
  • Thomas J Stokkermans, OD, PhD, Associate Professor, Director Optometry Division, University Hospitals of Cleveland
  • Ezekiel T Stone, AAS Paramedicine, Allied Health, American Military University Bachelor’s of Interdisciplinary Studies
  • Michael F Stretanski, DO, Practicing Physician, DO, CDCA, AME
  • Praveen Subudhi, FRCS, DNB, MS, Practicing Physician, Ruby Eye Hospital
  • Sukesh Sukumaran, MD, Practicing Physician, MD
  • Ryan C Sullivan, Associates Degree-Community Paramedicine, Other
  • Phillip K Summers, DO, Private Practice
  • Salim Surani, MD, MPH, MSHM, Practicing Physician, Program Director, Texas A&M University
  • Sandra L Swearingen, PhD, MSHA, MSN, Adjunct Professor, Chief Nursing Education and Wound Care, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center
  • Cathi J Swift, BA English/BS Medical Technology, Private Practice, Hastings College/North Colorado Medical Center
  • Diana L Swihart, PhD, DMin, MSN, APN CS, BSN, ADN, FAAN, Registered Nurse, Chief Exec Officer, Managing Partner, The University of New Mexico
  • Sara Tabtabai, MD, Assistant Professor, APD, Director of Heart Failure, University of Connecticut
  • Dawood Tafti, MS, MD, Practicing Physician, Brooke Army Medical Center
  • Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Pharm.D., Ph.D, University of Nebraska Medical Center
  • Perry Tan, DPM, Western University of Health Sciences
  • Joy Tanaka, PhD, MS, Associate Director, Rady Children’s Hospital Institute for Genomic Medicine
  • Shruti C Tannan, MD, Assistant Professor, Wake Forest University School of Med
  • David C Tapscott, MD, Adjunct Professor, Orthopedic Surgeon, Springfield Clinic/Southern Illinois University
  • Jenny Thacker, MD, Instructor, Hennepin Healthcare/University of Minnesota --> University of Nebraska (July 2024)
  • Rahul Kumar Thakur, MD, PGY4, Fellow, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center/ State University of Buffalo
  • Krishna C Thandra, MD, MS, Assistant Professor, Chesapeake Regional Medical Center
  • Shawn L Theobald, MSN, MBA, RN, Assistant Professor
  • Aby Thomas, MD, University of Mississippi Medical Center
  • Neeharika Thottempudi, MBBS, Clinical Assistant Professor, Neurology Clerkship Site Director, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine
  • Barbara L Thurn-Tamayo, DNP, FNP-C, APRN, CPN, Nurse Practitioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurse, Chair/Assistant Director MSN, American University of Health Sciences
  • Chenlu Tian, MD, Assistant Professor, UT Southwestern Medical Center
  • Timothy K Tiu, MD, Assistant Professor
  • Vijai S Tivakaran, DO, Associate Clinical Professor, Director, Noninvasive Cardiology, Kettering Health Network
  • Vivek Tiwari, MBBS, MS Orth, DNB Orth, MRCSEd, FACS, Senior Consultant, Orthopaedics, Apollo Sage Hospital, Bhopal, India
  • Ellis H Tobin, MD, Clinical Professor (Retired), State University of New York
  • Melissa R Tobin, AAS-HCA, Medical Assisting, ECG, and Phlebotomy Instructor, Program Director, The College of Health Care Professions
  • Jonathan D Topham, MD, Air Force Physician, DBFRC Regional Director, USAF
  • Howie Tran, MD, Associate Professor, Medical Director, UC San Diego
  • Huyen D Tran, MD, Assistant Professor, Dr.
  • Koushik Tripathy, MBBS, MD, FRCS, Private Practice, ASG Eye Hospital, BT Road, Kolkata, India
  • Kovid Trivedi, MBBS, Clinical Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine, Salem Pulmonary Associates/Salem Hospital/Western University of Medical Sciences
  • Shilpa B Trivedi, PsyD, MSCP, Private Practice, Licensed Psychologist
  • Jeffrey Tsai, Practicing Physician, Dr.
  • Joshua A Tuck, DO, Associate Clinical Professor, LECOM
  • Eugene Tuyishime, MBBS, MSc, FCA, Instructor, Simulation Fellow, Riverside Methodist Hospital
  • Wendy J Unison-Pace, PhD, RN, BCETS, Professor
  • Jacob P VanHouten, MD, PhD, MPH, MS
  • Matthew Varacallo, MD MBA FAAOS, Chief of Sports Medicine, Director of Orthopedic Robotic Surgery, Penn Highlands Healthcare System
  • Rishik Vashisht, MD, Practicing Physician
  • Shivanand Venkata Reddy, PT, Christus St Michael Health system
  • Karthikeyan Venkatachalam, MBBS, MD, Assistant Professor, University of Mississippi
  • Renato C Vilella, PT, DHSc, PGDip NeuroSci|Pain, DHSc, Early Career Researcher, Professor, UNILAVRAS
  • Chiranjiv S Virk, MD, Assistant Professor, Louisiana State University HSC
  • Prakash Vishnu, MD, Associate Professor, University of Washington
  • Emilio G Volz, MD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Director of the Student Health Service, University of Miami
  • Michael D Waddington, DO, Program Director, Prospect Manchester Hospital
  • Salman Waheeduddin, MBBS, Clinical Assistant Professor, Aurora Health Care
  • Cynthia M Waickus, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Rush University Medical Center
  • Eric A Walker, MD, MHA, Professor of Radiology, Musculoskeletal Radiology Division Chief, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
  • Robert E Walker, BSc, Instructor, Education Specialist, Emergency Health Services Federation
  • Brenda K Wallingford, DNP, Assistant Professor, Creighton University
  • Anne M Wandycz, BS, Instructor, Clinical Skills Simulation Lab, Brookdale Community College / Children's Specialized Hospital
  • Daryle Wane, PhD, MSN, BS, BA, Professor of Nursing, Program Director, Pasco-Hernando State College
  • Jim Wang, MD, Private Practice, Attending, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center
  • Muhammad Waqas, MBBS, Practicing Physician, Services Institute of Medical Science
  • Christie L Ward, MRC, BS , AAS, Assistant Professor, Asst Professor,Program Dtr Resp Care, Jackson State Community College
  • Rebecca Ward, MD, Assistant Professor, University of Florida
  • Muhammad Waseem, MD, MS, Professor, Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine New York and New York Medical College, Valhalla NY
  • Charles W Webb, DO, Associate Professor, Director, Division of Sports Medicine, LSU Health Shreveport
  • Melessia D Webb, BSN, MSN, EdD, Associate Professor, Faculty, East Tennessee State University College of Nursing
  • Luke J Weishuhn, DO, Orthopedic Surgery Resident, Beaumont/Corewell Health Hospital
  • Nora Welch, BSN, Registered Nurse
  • Leah Wells-Marshburn, MSN, Registered Nurse, Tele-Mental Health RN Care Manager, Ralph H Johnson VA Medical Center
  • Guolin A Wen, RPh, BCOP, PharmD, ACPAA, Pharmacist, Oncology Pharmacist, dfci.harvard.edu
  • Matthew L White, MD, Professor, University of Nebraska
  • Veronica Wilbur, PhD, APRN-FNP, Associate Professor, Graduate Nsg, Family Nurse Practitioner, West Chester University
  • Kristy H Williams, DNP, Associate Professor, Cabarrus College of Health Sciences/ Atrium
  • Vincent R Williams, TBA, DERMA, Mr
  • Christina Wills, DO, Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine
  • Melinda P Wilson, MAOL, BAS, AAS, Allied Health, University of Tennessee Medical Center
  • Andrew S Wilt, MD, Associate Professor, East Tennessee State University
  • Malcolm J Winkle, MD, Assistant Professor, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
  • Ryan Winters, MD, Associate Professor, Ochsner Health System
  • Erik Wolf, MD, ​University of Toledo College of Medicine
  • Rachel Wolfe, PTA, South University, Tampa, FL
  • Roy W Wolfram, MD, MPH, Professor, Mercy St Vincent Medical Center
  • Min Je Woo, Practicing Physician, Clydes Medical
  • David L Wood, MD, MPH, Professor, Professor, East Tennessee State University
  • Joyce Wu, DPT, Touro College
  • Nancy Xia, DO, Child Neurology Fellow, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children
  • Matthew J Yacobucci, PharmD, Pharmacist, Saint John Fisher College, Rochester, NY
  • Anju Yadav, MD, FASN, Assistant Professor, Assistant Director, Thomas Jefferson University
  • Phil Y Yao, MD, PhD, Seattle Childrens
  • Karthik Yeruva, MD, DABOM, CHS, Clinical Adjunct Professor / Hospitalist, Lake Granbury Medical Center, TX
  • Michael Young, MD, Practicing Physician, Marian University
  • Abdelhalim M Y Yousef, MB, BCh, MSc, Riyadh Care Hospital
  • Aslihan Yurdaoz, BSN, RN-BC, CCRN-CMC, PCCN, Registered Nurse, Rochester Regional Health
  • Anoosh Zafar Gondal, MBBS, Rawal Institute of Health Sciences
  • Syed Rafay Hussain Zaidi, MD, Practicing Physician, Resident Physician, Parkview Medical Center
  • Roman Zeltser, MD, Practicing Physician, Associate Chairman, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
  • Patrick M Zito, DO, PharmD, Pharmacist, University of Miami; Miller School of Medicine
  • Dani Zoorob, MD, MHA, Associate Professor, Residency Program Director, Vicechairman, University of Toledo, ProMedica
  • Muhammad Zubair, MBBS, FCPS, Practicing Physician, Indus Hospital & Health Network
  • Hassam Zulfiqar, MBBS, Practicing Physician, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
Copyright © 2024, StatPearls Publishing LLC.

This book is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ), which permits others to distribute the work, provided that the article is not altered or used commercially. You are not required to obtain permission to distribute this article, provided that you credit the author and journal.

Bookshelf ID: NBK431128

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