U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

Black RE, Laxminarayan R, Temmerman M, et al., editors. Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health: Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 2). Washington (DC): The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank; 2016 Apr 5. doi: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0348-2_ch7

Cover of Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health

Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health: Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 2).

Show details

Table 7.3Evidence-Based Antenatal Interventions that Reduce Perinatal Morbidity and Mortality

Type of interventionMain effectsQuality of evidenceaSource of evidence
Nutritional
Folic acid
  • Reduces the risk of neural tube defects when given periconceptually
HighDe-Regil, Fernandez-Gaxiola, and others 2010
Infection prevention and treatment
Syphilis detection and treatment
  • Reduces stillbirths, neonatal deaths, and preterm birth
HighBlencowe and others 2011
IPT (malaria-endemic areas)
  • Reduces neonatal mortality and low birthweight
  • Reduces maternal anemia
HighRadeva-Petrova and others 2014
Insecticide-treated bednets (malaria)
  • Reduces fetal loss and low birthweight
HighGamble, Ekwaru, and ter Kuile 2006
Antitetanus vaccine
  • Reduces neonatal mortality from tetanus
ModerateBlencowe, Lawn, and others 2010
Intrauterine growth restriction interventions
Antithrombotic agents in pregnancies identified as high risk
  • Reduces perinatal mortality, preterm birth, and low birthweight
HighDodd and others 2013
Doppler velocimetry in high-risk pregnancies
  • Reduces perinatal mortality
ModerateAlfirevic, Stampalija, and Gyte 2013
Other interventions
Labor induction at 41+ weeks for postterm pregnancy
  • Reduces perinatal deaths and meconium aspiration
HighGülmezoglu, Crowther, and others 2012
Intensive management of gestational diabetes with optimal glucose control
  • Reduces macrosomia, perinatal morbidity, and mortality
ModerateAlwan, Tuffnell, and West 2009;
Syed and others 2011

Note: This list is not comprehensive. IPT = intermittent preventive treatment.

a.

Based on GRADE Working Group grades of evidence (Atkins and others 2004). The GRADE approach considers evidence from randomized trials to be high quality in the first instance, and downgrades the evidence to moderate, low, or very low if there are limitations in trial quality suggesting bias, inconsistency, imprecise or sparse data, uncertainty about directness, or high probability of publication bias. Evidence from observational studies is graded low quality in the first instance and upgraded to moderate (or high) if large effects are yielded in the absence of obvious bias.

From: Chapter 7, Interventions to Reduce Maternal and Newborn Morbidity and Mortality

© 2016 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank.

This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions:

Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: Black, R. E., R. Laxminarayan, M. Temmerman, and N. Walker, editors. 2016. Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health. Disease Control Priorities, third edition, volume 2. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-0348-2. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO

Translations—If you create a translation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This translation was not created by The World Bank and should not be considered an official World Bank translation. The World Bank shall not be liable for any content or error in this translation.

Adaptations—If you create an adaptation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This is an adaptation of an original work by The World Bank. Views and opinions expressed in the adaptation are the sole responsibility of the author or authors of the adaptation and are not endorsed by The World Bank.

Third-party content—The World Bank does not necessarily own each component of the content contained within the work. The World Bank therefore does not warrant that the use of any third-party-owned individual component or part contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of those third parties. The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you. If you wish to re-use a component of the work, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that re-use and to obtain permission from the copyright owner. Examples of components can include, but are not limited to, tables, figures, or images.

All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to the Publishing and Knowledge Division, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: gro.knabdlrow@sthgirbup.

Views

  • Cite this Page
  • PDF version of this title (4.2M)

Related information

  • PMC
    PubMed Central citations
  • PubMed
    Links to PubMed

Similar articles in PubMed

See reviews...See all...

Recent Activity

Your browsing activity is empty.

Activity recording is turned off.

Turn recording back on

See more...