A type of clinical outcome assessment. A measurement based on a report that comes from a trained health-care professional after observation of a patient’s health condition. Most ClinRO measures involve a clinical judgment or interpretation of the observable signs, behaviors, or other manifestations related to a disease or condition. ClinRO measures cannot directly assess symptoms that are known only to the patient. ClinRO measures include:

• Reports of particular clinical findings (e.g., presence of a skin lesion or swollen lymph nodes) or clinical events (stroke, heart attack, death, hospitalization for a particular cause), which can be based on clinical observations together with biomarker data, such as electrocardiogram (ECG) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) results supporting a myocardial infarction
• Rating scales, such as:
  • Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) for measurement of severity and extent of a patient’s psoriasis
  • Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) for assessment of depression