Table 2Strategies for managing difficult behaviour6

BehaviourManagement strategy
The patient is anxious, agitated or panickingApproach the patient in a calm and confident manner
Reduce the number of people attending to the patient
Carefully explain any interventions and what is going on
Minimise the risk of self harm
The patient is confused or disorientatedEnsure the patient is frequently supervised
Provide reality orientation – explain to the patient where they are and what is going on
The patient is experiencing hallucinationsTalk to the patient about what they are experiencing and explain what is and isn't real
Ensure the environment is simple, uncluttered and well lit
Protect the patient from harming him or herself and others
The patient is angry or aggressiveEnsure that staff and other patients are protected and safe
When interacting with the patient remain calm and reassuring
Listen to the patient
Use the patient's name to personalise the interaction
Use calm open-ended questions
Use a consistent and even tone of voice, even if the patient becomes hostile and is shouting
Acknowledge the patient's feelings
Do not challenge the patient
Remove source of anger if possible
6

Adapted from NSW Detoxification Clinical Practice Guidelines. Sydney: NSW Department of Health; 1999. .

From: 4, Withdrawal Management

Cover of Clinical Guidelines for Withdrawal Management and Treatment of Drug Dependence in Closed Settings
Clinical Guidelines for Withdrawal Management and Treatment of Drug Dependence in Closed Settings.
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