The nosocomial transmission of tuberculosis (TB) in healthcare facilities is a major public health concern. Studies showed that latent TB infection (LTBI) rate among healthcare workers is higher than among general population, and the incidence is higher in healthcare workers who work in high-risk areas. This Rapid Response report aims to review the clinical evidence regarding factors that trigger the need for a contact investigation following patient and staff exposure to a patient with TB in a hospital setting. Evidence-based guidelines associated with best practice for contact investigation will also be examined.
Disclaimer: The Rapid Response Service is an information service for those involved in planning and providing health care in Canada. Rapid responses are based on a limited literature search and are not comprehensive, systematic reviews. The intent is to provide a list of sources of the best evidence on the topic that CADTH could identify using all reasonable efforts within the time allowed. Rapid responses should be considered along with other types of information and health care considerations. The information included in this response is not intended to replace professional medical advice, nor should it be construed as a recommendation for or against the use of a particular health technology. Readers are also cautioned that a lack of good quality evidence does not necessarily mean a lack of effectiveness particularly in the case of new and emerging health technologies, for which little information can be found, but which may in future prove to be effective. While CADTH has taken care in the preparation of the report to ensure that its contents are accurate, complete and up to date, CADTH does not make any guarantee to that effect. CADTH is not liable for any loss or damages resulting from use of the information in the report.
