Contents

• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Note on Spelling of Chinese Names
• 1. Introduction
• 2. China's Long History of Biotechnology
• 3. Research Priorities and Funding Mechanisms
  • High Technology Program and the China National Center for Biotechnology Development
  • Seventh 5-Year Plan (1986-1990)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China
  • Evolution and Consequences of the New Funding Mechanisms
• 4. New Research Centers
  • Biotechnology Bases
  • Key Laboratories
• 5. Infrastructure
  • Instrumentation
  • Procurement System and Supplies
  • Intellectual Property Rights
• 6. Biotechnology Literature Survey
  • Sources
  • Geographical Distribution
  • Techniques
  • Experimental Organisms
  • Research Topics and Goals
  • Evaluation of Research
• 7. Research Highlights
  • X-Ray Crystallography
  • Control of Plant Viruses
  • Toward a Hepatitis B Virus Vaccine
  • Plant Cell and Tissue Culture
• 8. Current Research at Selected Institutes
  • Beijing
  • Shanghai
  • Guangzhou
  • Tianjin
• 9. Cooperation with the United States
  • Government-Supported Programs
  • Private Foundations and Academic Institutions
  • Students Abroad: How Many will Return?
  • Commercial Enterprises
• 10. Conclusions and Recommendations
• Appendixes
  • A Abbreviations
  • B Contacts—Scientific Administration
  • C Contacts—Research Institutes and Universities
  • D An Analysis of Niu Menchang's Research on Transformation by RNA
  • E Statement by Dr. Niu

NOTICE: The biotechnology program was established in 1986 as a collaborative project between the National Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Sciences to promote the exchange of information and expertise related to biotechnology research and techniques. The program was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. It was supported under Master Agreement number 86-18643 between the National Science Foundation and the National Academy of Sciences and Contract Number INT 85-06451 between the National Science Foundation and the Committee on Scholarly Communication with the People's Republic of China (CSCPRC). Program activities in China were supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.