Contents

• NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL
• PREFACE
• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• COMMITTEE ON A STUDY OF NATIONAL NEEDS FOR BIOMEDICAL AND BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH PERSONNEL
• ABBREVIATIONS
• EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
  • Introduction and Summary of Numerical Recommendations, Fiscal Years 1982-1985
  • Clinical Sciences
  • Basic Biomedical Sciences
  • Behavioral Sciences
  • Health Services Research and Nursing Research
  • Minorities in the Biomedical and Behavioral Sciences
  • Recommendations
• 1. INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY OF NUMERICAL RECOMMENDATIONS, FISCAL YEARS 1982-1985
  • OBJECTIVES OF THE 1981 REPORT
  • STABILIZATION OF RESEARCH TRAINING SUPPORT
  • TRAINING QUALITY
  • PROSPECTIVE CHANGES IN RETIREMENT
  • ESTIMATION OF PERSONNEL NEEDS
  • TRAINING DATA FOR FY 1979 AND FY 1980 AND RECOMMENDED LEVELS FOR 1982-1985
• 2. CLINICAL SCIENCES
  • THE TRAINING OF PHYSICIAN INVESTIGATORS
  • DETERMINANTS OF CAREER CHOICE
  • COMPARISON OF TRAINING PROGRAMS
  • RESEARCH TRAINING AND RESEARCH CAREER LONGEVITY
  • RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT
  • NON-M.D. SCIENTISTS IN CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
  • THE MARKET FOR CLINICAL SCIENTISTS
  • RECOMMENDATIONS
• 3. BASIC BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES
  • THE TRAINING OF BASIC BIOMEDICAL SCIENTISTS
  • THE MARKET FOR BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE PH.D.'S
  • ASSESSING PH.D. PRODUCTION IN THE BASIC BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES
  • POSTDOCTORAL TRAINEES AND ACADEMIC RESEARCH STAFF
  • QUALITY IN GRADUATE TRAINING
  • TRAINING ENVIRONMENT
  • RECOMMENDATIONS
• 4. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
  • THE TRAINING OF BEHAVIORAL SCIENTISTS
  • THE MARKET FOR BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE PH.D.'S
  • IMPLEMENTATION OF PRIOR RECOMMENDATIONS
  • RECOMMENDATIONS
• 5. HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH AND NURSING RESEARCH
  • HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH PERSONNEL
  • NURSING RESEARCH PERSONNEL
• 6. MINORITIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
  • MINORITY PH.D.'S IN THE BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES
  • MINORITY PH.D.'S IN THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
  • MINORITIES IN THE EDUCATIONAL “PIPELINE”
  • CURRENT PROGRAMS FOR MINORITY STUDENTS
  • RECOMMENDATION
• BIBLIOGRAPHY
• APPENDIX A
• APPENDIX B

The work on which this publication is based was performed pursuant to Contract No. NO1-OD-9-2112 with the National Institutes of Health of the Department of Health and Human Services. Support for this project came from Evaluation Set-Aside funds (Section 513 of the PHS Act), Evaluation Project No. NIH 75-1.

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.

The National Research Council was established by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and of advising the federal government. The Council operates in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy under the authority of its congressional charter of 1863, which establishes the Academy as a private, nonprofit, self-governing membership corporation. The Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in the conduct of their services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. It is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. The National Academy of Engineering and the Institute of Medicine were established in 1964 and 1970, respectively, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences.