TABLE C-4, Mean and Percentiles for Usual Intake of Lutein and Zeaxanthin (μg/day) from Food, NHANES III (1988–1994) - Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc

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Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Micronutrients. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2001.

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc.

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TABLE C-4Mean and Percentiles for Usual Intake of Lutein and Zeaxanthin (μg/day) from Food, NHANES III (1988–1994)

Sex/Age Category^a	Number of Persons Examined	Mean	Percentile
Sex/Age Category^a	Number of Persons Examined	Mean	5th	10th
Both sexes, 2 to 6 mo	793	457	0	0
Both sexes, 7 to 12 mo	827	790	60	98
Both sexes, 1 to 3 y	3,309	927	159	217
Both sexes, 4 to 8 y	3,448	1,277	530	616
Standard error		93	24	32
M 9 to 13 y	1,219	1,330	674	770
Standard error		68	30	38
M 14 to 18 y	909	1,418	693	801
Standard error		84	39	45
M 19 to 30 y	1,902	2,032	881	1,040
Standard error		353	71	95
M 31 to 50 y	2,533	2,192	929	1,097
Standard error		151	57	70
M 51 to 70 y	1,942	2,264	880	1,046
Standard error		110	29	36
M 71+ y	1,255	2,088	788	937
Standard error		132	44	52
F 9 to 13 y	1,216	1,280	569	668
Standard error		306	72	70
F 14 to 18 y	949	1,162	448	526
Standard error		102	34	37
F 19 to 30 y	1,901	1,704	532	645
Standard error		243	19	30
F 31 to 50 y	2,939	2,013	690	848
Standard error		102	32	39
F 51 to 70 y	2,065	1,960	691	840
Standard error		96	24	29
F 71+ y	1,368	1,921	675	817
Standard error		108	26	33
Pregnant	346	1,455	649	754
Standard error		132	50	60
Lactating	99	1,850	958	1,098
Standard error		277	144	171
All Individuals	28,575	1,719	583	714
Standard error		49	13	16
All Indiv (+P/L)	29,015	1,712	581	712
Standard error		44	11	14

: NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided a complete and reliable 24-hour dietary recall on day 1. The intake distributions for 2–6 months, 7–12 months, and 1–3 years of age are unadjusted. Means and percentiles for these groups were computed using SAS PROC UNIVARIATE. For all other groups, data were adjusted using the Iowa State University method. Mean, standard errors, and percentiles were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 49 degrees of freedom. Food composition data are from the NDS-R Food and Nutrient Database, Version 30, 1999, Nutrition Coordinating Center, University of Minnesota. Infants and children fed human milk and females who had “blank but applicable” pregnancy and lactating status data or who responded “I don't know” to questions on pregnancy and lactating status were excluded from all analyses. Females who were both pregnant and lactating were included in both the Pregnant and Lactating categories. The sample sizes for the Pregnant and Lactating categories were very small so their estimates of usual intake distributions are not reliable.

25th	50th	75th	90th	95th	99th
1	94	353	1,083	2,407	5,703
214	398	832	1,512	2,788	5,673
365	624	1,068	1,823	2,572	7,542
801	1,099	1,537	2,135	2,625	3,965
48	74	119	190	261	471
960	1,228	1,583	2,009	2,328	3,099
52	65	84	113	138	217
1,016	1,317	1,707	2,159	2,487	3,247
57	76	104	144	179	284
1,366	1,839	2,469	3,240	3,834	5,342
126	234	554	880	1,090	1,700
1,443	1,957	2,669	3,560	4,251	5,986
94	130	186	269	339	539
1,405	1,966	2,776	3,825	4,656	6,800
51	83	140	228	308	543
1,261	1,778	2,552	3,590	4,430	6,649
72	107	168	260	342	582
866	1,152	1,544	2,038	2,426	3,408
135	298	430	547	669	1,210
699	993	1,421	1,989	2,452	3,700
57	79	128	210	292	608
906	1,353	2,071	3,111	4,026	6,743
65	142	296	558	819	1,730
1,185	1,712	2,486	3,514	4,346	6,541
55	82	127	199	266	473
1,167	1,684	2,437	3,404	4,161	6,077
43	65	111	226	363	857
1,130	1,634	2,381	3,359	4,133	6,124
50	82	137	228	320	626
973	1,306	1,767	2,335	2,764	3,811
80	113	166	243	311	502
1,373	1,750	2,217	2,730	3,087	3,874
220	278	340	406	457	593
1,004	1,466	2,144	3,021	3,711	5,470
23	36	61	99	133	231
1,001	1,461	2,135	3,007	3,694	5,442
20	32	55	91	123	218

a: M = male, F = female, P/L = pregnant and lactating.
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2000.

From: C, Dietary Intake Datafrom the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988–1994

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Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Micronutrients. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2001. TABLE C-4, Mean and Percentiles for Usual Intake of Lutein and Zeaxanthin (μg/day) from Food, NHANES III (1988–1994)
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