NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Brown TA. Genomes. 2nd edition. Oxford: Wiley-Liss; 2002.
- 5-bU
5-bromouracil
- A
adenine; alanine
- ABF
ARS binding factor
- Ac/Ds
activator/dissociation
- ADAR
adenosine deaminase acting on RNA
- ADP
adenosine 5′-diphosphate
- AIDS
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
- ala
alanine
- AMP
adenosine 5′-monophosphate
- ANT-C
Antennapedia complex
- AP
apurinic/apyrimidinic
- arg
arginine
- ARS
autonomously replicating sequence
- asn
asparagine
- ASO
allele-specific oligonucleotide
- asp
aspartic acid
- ATP
adenosine 5′-triphosphate
- ATPase
adenosine 5′-triphosphatase
- BAC
bacterial artificial chromosome
- bis
N, N′-methylenebisacrylamide
- bp
base pair
- BSE
bovine spongiform encephalopathy
- BX-C
Bithorax complex
- C
cysteine; cytosine
- cAMP
cyclic AMP
- CAP
catabolite activator protein
- CASP
CTD-associated SR-like protein
- cDNA
complementary DNA
- CEPH
Centre d’Études du Polymorphisme Humaine
- cGMP
cyclic GMP
- CHEF
contour-clamped homogeneous electric fields
- Col
colicin
- CPSF
cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor
- CRM
chromatin remodeling machine
- CstF
cleavage stimulation factor
- CTAB
cetyltrimethylammonium bromide
- CTD
C-terminal domain
- CTP
cytidine 5′-triphosphate
- cys
cysteine
- D
aspartic acid
- DAG
diacylglycerol
- Dam
DNA adenine methylase
- DAPI
4, 6-diamino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride
- DASH
dynamic allele-specific hybridization
- dATP
2′-deoxyadenosine 5′-triphosphate
- DBS
double-stranded DNA binding site
- Dcm
DNA cytosine methylase
- dCTP
2′-deoxycytidine 5′-triphosphate
- ddATP
2′, 3′-dideoxyadenosine 5′-triphosphate
- ddCTP
2′, 3′-dideoxycytidine 5′-triphosphate
- ddGTP
2′, 3′-dideoxyguanosine 5′-triphosphate
- ddNTP
2′, 3′-dideoxynucleoside 5′-triphosphate
- ddTTP
2′, 3′-dideoxythymidine 5′-triphosphate
- dGTP
2′-deoxyguanosine 5′-triphosphate
- DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid
- DNase
deoxyribonuclease
- Dnmt
DNA methyltransferase
- dNTP
2′-deoxynucleoside 5′-triphosphate
- dsRAD
double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase
- dsRBD
double-stranded RNA binding domain
- dTTP
2′-deoxythymidine 5′-triphosphate
- E
glutamic acid
- EDTA
ethylenediamine tetraacetate
- eEF
eukaryotic elongation factor
- EEO
electroendosmosis value
- EF
elongation factor
- eIF
eukaryotic initiation factor
- EMS
ethylmethane sulfonate
- eRF
eukaryotic release factor
- ERV
endogenous retrovirus
- ES
embryonic stem
- ESE
exonic splicing enhancer
- ESS
exonic splicing silencer
- EST
expressed sequence tag
- F
fertility; phenylalanine
- FEN
flap endonuclease
- FIGE
field inversion gel electrophoresis
- FISH
fluorescent in situ hybridization
- G
glycine; guanine
- G1
gap phase 1
- G2
gap phase 2
- GABA
γ-aminobutyric acid
- GAP
GTPase activating protein
- Gb
gigabase pair
- GDP
guanosine 5′-diphosphate
- GFP
green fluorescent protein
- gln
glutamine
- glu
glutamic acid
- gly
glycine
- GMP
guanosine 5′-monophosphate
- GNRP
guanine nucleotide releasing protein
- GTF
general transcription factor
- GTP
guanosine 5′-triphosphate
- H
histidine
- HAT
hypoxanthine + aminopterin + thymidine
- HBS
heteroduplex binding site
- HDAC
histone deacetylase
- his
histidine
- HIV
human immunodeficiency virus
- HLA
human leukocyte antigen
- HMG
high mobility group
- HNPCC
hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer
- hnRNA
heterogenous nuclear RNA
- HOM-C
homeotic gene complex
- HPLC
high-performance liquid chromatography
- HPRT
hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase
- HTH
helix–turn–helix
- I
isoleucine
- ICF
immunodeficiency, centromere instability and facial anomalies
- IF
initiation factor
- IHF
integration host factor
- ile
isoleucine
- Inr
initiator
- Ins(1,4,5)P3
inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate
- IRE-PCR
interspersed repeat element PCR
- IRES
internal ribosome entry site
- IS
insertion sequence
- ITR
inverted terminal repeat
- JAK
Janus kinase
- K
lysine
- kb
kilobase pair
- kDa
kilodalton
- L
leucine
- LCR
locus control region
- leu
leucine
- LINE
long interspersed nuclear element
- LTR
long terminal repeat
- lys
lysine
- M
methionine; mitosis phase
- MALDI-TOF
matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight
- MAP
mitogen activated protein
- MAR
matrix-associated region
- Mb
megabase pair
- MeCP
methyl-CpG-binding protein
- met
methionine
- MGMT
O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase
- mRNA
messenger RNA
- Myr
million years
- N
2′-deoxynucleoside 5′-triphosphate; asparagine
- NAD
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- NADH
reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- NHEJ
non-homologous end joining
- NJ
neighbor-joining
- NMD
nonsense-mediated RNA decay
- NMR
nuclear magnetic resonance
- NTP
nucleoside 5′-triphosphate
- OFAGE
orthogonal field alternation gel electrophoresis
- ORC
origin recognition complex
- ORF
open reading frame
- OTU
operational taxonomic unit
- P
proline
- PAC
P1-derived artificial chromosome
- PADP
polyadenylate binding protein
- PAUP
Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony
- PCNA
proliferating cell nuclear antigen
- PCR
polymerase chain reaction
- phe
phenylalanine
- PHYLIP
Phylogeny Inference Package
- PIC
pre-initiation complex
- PNA
peptide nucleic acid
- PNPase
polynucleotide phosphorylase
- pro
proline
- PtdIns(4,5)P2
phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate
- PTRF
polymerase I and transcript release factor
- Pu
purine
- Py
pyrimidine
- Q
glutamine
- R
arginine; purine
- RACE
rapid amplification of cDNA ends
- RAM
random access memory
- RBS
RNA binding site
- RC
replication complex
- RF
release factor
- RFC
replication factor C
- RFLP
restriction fragment length polymorphism
- RHB
Rel homology domain
- RLF
replication licensing factor
- RMP
replication mediator protein
- RNA
ribonucleic acid
- RNase
ribonuclease
- RNP
ribonucleoprotein
- RPA
replication protein A
- RRF
ribosome recycling factor
- rRNA
ribosomal RNA
- RT-PCR
reverse transcriptase-PCR
- RTVL
retroviral-like element
- S
serine; synthesis phase
- SAGE
serial analysis of gene expression
- SAP
stress activated protein
- SAR
scaffold attachment region
- SCAF
SR-like CTD-associated factor
- scRNA
small cytoplasmic RNA
- SCS
specialized chromatin structure
- SDS
sodium dodecyl sulfate
- SeCys
selenocysteine
- ser
serine
- SINE
short interspersed nuclear element
- SIV
simian immunodeficiency virus
- snoRNA
small nucleolar RNA
- SNP
single nucleotide polymorphism
- snRNA
small nuclear RNA
- snRNP
small nuclear ribonucleoprotein
- SRF
serum response factor
- SSB
single-strand binding protein
- SSLP
simple sequence length polymorphism
- STAT
signal transducer and activator of transcription
- STR
simple tandem repeat
- STS
sequence tagged site
- T
threonine; thymine
- TAF
TBP-associated factor
- TBP
TATA-binding protein
- TEMED
N, N, N′, N′-tetramethylethylenediamine
- TF
transcription factor
- thr
threonine
- Ti
tumor inducing
- TIC
TAF and initiator-dependent cofactor
- TK
thymidine kinase
- Tm
melting temperature
- tmRNA
transfer-messenger RNA
- Tn
transposon
- TOL
toluene
- TPA
tissue plasminogen activator
- TRAP
trp RNA-binding attenuation protein
- tRNA
transfer RNA
- trp
tryptophan
- tyr
tyrosine
- U
uracil
- UCE
upstream control element
- UTP
uridine 5′-triphosphate
- UTR
untranslated region
- UV
ultraviolet
- val
valine
- VNTR
variable number of tandem repeats
- W
adenine or thymine; tryptophan
- X-gal
5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-galactopyranoside
- Y
pyrimidine; tyrosine
- YAC
yeast artificial chromosome
- YIp
yeast integrative plasmid
- Abbreviations - GenomesAbbreviations - Genomes
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