HIV/AIDS is a catastrophe globally but nowhere more so than in sub-Saharan Africa, which in 2008 accounted for 67 percent of cases worldwide and 91 percent of new infections. The Institute of Medicine recommends that the United States and African nations move toward a strategy of shared responsibility such that these nations are empowered to take ownership of their HIV/AIDS problem and work to solve it.

Contents

• THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
• COMMITTEE ON ENVISIONING A STRATEGY TO PREPARE FOR THE LONG-TERM BURDEN OF HIV/AIDS: AFRICAN NEEDS AND U.S. INTERESTS
• Reviewers
• Acknowledgments
• Summary
• 1. Introduction
  • STATEMENT OF TASK AND STUDY SCOPE
  • THE BURDEN OF HIV/AIDS
  • ADDRESSING THE LONG-TERM BURDEN OF HIV/AIDS: GUIDING PRINCIPLES
  • STUDY APPROACH
  • ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT
  • REFERENCES
• 2. The Future Impact of Current Decisions
  • POTENTIAL FOR REDUCING HIV INCIDENCE
  • POTENTIAL FOR REDUCING TREATMENT NEED
  • KEY POLICY CHOICES AND ASSOCIATED TRADE-OFFS
  • RECOMMENDATIONS
  • REFERENCES
• 3. The Burden of HIV/AIDS: Implications for U.S. Interests
  • U.S. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE GLOBAL HIV/AIDS RESPONSE
  • IMPLICATIONS FOR U.S. INTERESTS
  • ADDRESSING THE IMPACTS ON U.S. INTERESTS
  • RECOMMENDATIONS
  • REFERENCES
• 4. The Burden of HIV/AIDS: Implications for African States and Societies
  • IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT
  • IMPLICATIONS FOR THE HEALTH SECTOR
  • IMPLICATIONS FOR THE STATE
  • Security and Conflict
  • IMPLICATIONS FOR ACADEMIA
  • RECOMMENDATIONS
  • REFERENCES
• 5. Strategies to Build Capacity for Prevention, Treatment, and Care of HIV/AIDS in Africa
  • PRESENT STATE OF HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH CARE IN AFRICA
  • STRATEGIES TO BUILD CAPACITY FOR PREVENTION, TREATMENT, AND CARE OF HIV/AIDS IN AFRICA
  • Strategies for the United States: Supporting Partnerships and Other Capacity-Building Programs
  • RECOMMENDATIONS
  • REFERENCES
• 6. Strategies to Ensure Ethical Decision-Making Capacity for HIV/AIDS: Policy and Programming in Africa
  • EXISTING PRINCIPLES FOR ETHICAL DECISIONS IN HEALTH CARE
  • BUILDING ETHICAL DECISION-MAKING CAPACITY FOR HIV/AIDS POLICY AND PROGRAMMING IN AFRICA
  • RECOMMENDATIONS
  • REFERENCES
  • ANNEX 6-1 INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES ON HIV/AIDS AND HUMAN RIGHTS
• Appendix A Projecting the Burden of HIV/AIDS
• Appendix B Demographic Variation in the Epidemic
• Appendix C Workshop Agendas
• Appendix D Committee Member Biographical Sketches

This study was supported by grants and contributions to the National Academy of Sciences from the Atlantic Philanthropies (Grant 3852); BD (Becton, Dickinson and Company) (Contribution 6387); the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (Grant 6445); the Carnegie Corporation of New York (Grant 6179); the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation (Grant 6143); the Ford Foundation (Grant 8407); the Institute of International Education (Grant 6456); Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc. (Grant 6346); Merck & Co., Inc. (Grant 6552); and Pfizer, Inc. (Grant 6336). The study also received in-kind support from the Rockefeller Foundation. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies that provided support for this project.

Suggested citation:

IOM (Institute of Medicine). 2011. Preparing for the Future of HIV/AIDS in Africa: A Shared Responsibility. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.