This book provides a critical review of toxicologic, epidemiologic, and other relevant data on jet-propulsion fuel 8, a type of fuel in wide use by the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD), and an evaluation of the scientific basis of DOD’s interim permissible exposure level of 350 mg/m3.

Contents

• THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
• SUBCOMMITTEE ON JET-PROPULSION FUEL 8
• COMMITTEE ON TOXICOLOGY
• BOARD ON ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND TOXICOLOGY
• OTHER REPORTS OF THE BOARD ON ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND TOXICOLOGY
• OTHER REPORTS OF THE COMMITTEE ON TOXICOLOGY
• Preface
• Abbreviations
• Summary
• 1. Introduction
  • SUMMARY OF 1996 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL REPORT ON MILITARY FUELS
  • THE CHARGE TO THE SUBCOMMITTEE
  • THE SUBCOMMITTEE'S APPROACH TO ITS CHARGE
  • PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF JP-8
  • ORGANIZATION OF THIS REPORT
  • REFERENCES
• 2. Dosimetry and Exposure Assessment of Jet-Propulsion Fuel 8
  • BACKGROUND
  • ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO JP-8
  • MEASUREMENT OF BODY BURDEN OF JP-8
  • PROTEIN ADDUCTS AS SURROGATE BIOMARKERS OF JP-8 EXPOSURE
  • FACTORS THAT MODIFY INTERNAL DOSE OF JP-8
  • ASSESSING DOSIMTERY IN TOXICOLOGY STUDIES
  • CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • REFERENCES
• 3. Toxicokinetics and Toxicodynamics of Jet-Propulsion Fuel 8
  • BENZENE
  • ALKYLBENZENES
  • C9-C13 ALIPHATIC AND AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
  • PHYSIOLOGICALLY BASED PHARMACOKINETIC MODELS OF BENZENE, NONANE, AND C9-C12 OR C9-C17 ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS
  • TOXICOKINETICS-RELATED INTERACTIONS AMONG HYDROCARBON FUEL COMPONENTS
  • TOXICOKINETIC-RELATED INDIVIDUAL SUSCEPTIBILITY FACTORS
  • REFERENCES
• 4. Effects of Jet-Propulsion Fuel 8 on the Respiratory Tract
  • EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO JET FUELS AND KEROSENE IN HUMANS
  • EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO JET FUELS AND KEROSENE IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS
  • EFFECTS OF IN VITRO EXPOSURE TO JP-8
  • CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • REFERENCES
• 5. Effects of Jet-Propulsion Fuel 8 on the Nervous System
  • SUMMARY OF STUDIES DISCUSSED IN THE 1996 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL REPORT
  • EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO JP-8 IN HUMANS
  • EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO JP-8 IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS
  • CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • REFERENCES
• 6. Effects of Jet-Propulsion Fuel 8 on the Immune System
  • IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE EFFECTS OF JP-8
  • ALLERGIC POTENTIAL OF JP-8
  • AUTOIMMUNE EFFECTS OF JP-8
  • CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • REFERENCES
• 7. Effects of Jet-Propulsion Fuel 8 on the Liver
  • SUMMARY OF STUDIES DISCUSSED IN THE 1996 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL REPORT
  • EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO JP-8 IN HUMANS
  • EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO JP-8 IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS
  • EFFECTS OF IN VITRO EXPOSURE TO JP-8
  • CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • REFERENCES
• 8. Effects of Jet-Propulsion Fuel 8 on the Kidney
  • SUMMARY OF STUDIES DISCUSSED IN THE 1996 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL REPORT
  • EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO JP-8 IN HUMANS
  • EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO JP-8 IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS
  • CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • REFERENCES
• 9. Effects of Jet-Propulsion Fuel 8 on Reproduction and Development
  • EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO JP-8 IN HUMANS
  • EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO JP-8 IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS
  • CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • REFERENCES
• 10. Effects of Jet-Propulsion Fuel 8 on the Cardiovascular System
  • SUMMARY OF STUDIES DISCUSSED IN THE 1996 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL REPORT
  • EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO JET FUELS IN HUMANS
  • EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO JP-8 AND KEROSENE IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS
  • CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • REFERENCES
• 11. Genotoxic Effects of Jet-Propulsion Fuel 8
  • SUMMARY OF STUDIES DISCUSSED IN THE 1996 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL REPORT
  • GENOTOXICITY IN HUMANS
  • GENOTOXICITY STUDIES IN BACTERIA, YEAST, AND MAMMALIAN CELLS IN VITRO
  • IN VIVO GENOTOXICITY STUDIES IN ANIMALS
  • CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • REFERENCES
• 12. Carcinogenic Effects of Jet-Propulsion Fuel 8
  • SUMMARY OF STUDIES DISCUSSED IN THE 1996 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL REPORT
  • CARCINOGENICITY STUDIES IN HUMANS
  • CARCINOGENICITY STUDIES IN ANIMALS
  • OTHER RELEVANT DATA
  • CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • REFERENCES
• Appendix A Permissible Exposure Levels for Selected Military Fuel Vapors: Contents and Executive Summary (NRC 1996)
• Appendix B JP-8 Final Risk Assessment: Contents, Executive Summary, and Introduction (TIEHH 2001)
• Appendix C Review of Tests Assessing Neurologic Function in Persons Exposed to Jet Fuels

This project was supported by Contract No. DAMD17-99-C-9049 between the National Academy of Sciences and U.S. Department of Defense. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies that provided support for this project.

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.