Table 5c. [Conjugative transposons/ICEs]. - Enterococci

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Gilmore MS, Clewell DB, Ike Y, et al., editors. Enterococci: From Commensals to Leading Causes of Drug Resistant Infection [Internet]. Boston: Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary; 2014-.

Enterococci: From Commensals to Leading Causes of Drug Resistant Infection [Internet].

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Table 5c.

Conjugative transposons/ICEs

Transposon		Family	Integrase type	Size (kb)	Characterized function^a (genotype)	Host range		Origin	Integration sites	Reference
	Conjugative Transposons
Tn916 ^a and closely related variants showing insertions or deletions		Tn916	Tyr	18	AB^R, Tet (tetM)	Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Clostridium, Leuconostoc, Listeria, Mycoplasma, Actinobacillus, Acholeplasma, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Butyrivibria, Citrobacter, Erysipelothrix, Escherichia, Fusobacterium, Granulicatella, Haemophilus, Neisseria, Pseudomonas, Thermus, Ureaplasma, Veillonella, anaerobes		H, HH, FA, WA, F, SW	A+T rich	Flannagan, Zitzow, Su, & Clewell, 1994
Tn918		Tn916	Tyr	16	AB^R, Tet (tetM)	Enterococcus faecalis, staphylococci		H	A+T rich	Clewell & Francia, 2004
Tn919 ^b		Tn916	Tyr	15.4	AB^R, Tet (tetM)	S. sanguis, E. faecalis, Lactoccus lactis		HH	A+T rich	Fitzgerald & Clewell, 1985
Tn920 ^b		Tn916	Tyr	23	AB^R, Tet (tetM)	Enterococcus faecalis		H	A+T rich	Murray, An, & Clewell, 1988
Tn925*		Tn916	Tyr	18	AB^R, Tet (tetM)	Enterococcus faecalis, Leuconostoc		H, HH, F	A+T rich	Christie, Korman, Zahler, Adsit, & Dunny, 1987; Hirt, et al., 2005
Tn3702		Tn916	Tyr	18	AB^R, Tet (tetM)	Enterococcus faecalis		H	A+T rich	Horaud, Delbos, & de Cespédès, 1990
Tn5031, Tn5032, Tn5033		Tn916	Tyr	NK	AB^R, Tet (tetM)	Enterococcus faecium		H	A+T rich	Fletcher, Marri, & Daneo-Moore, 1989
Tn5381		Tn916	Tyr	18	AB^R, Tet (tetM)	Enterococcus faecalis		H	A+T rich	Rice & Carias, 1998; Rice, Marshall, & Carias, 1992
Tn5383		Tn916	Tyr	18	AB^R, Tet (tetM)	Enterococcus faecalis		H	A+T rich	Rice, Marshall, & Carias, 1992
Tn1545 and variants		Tn916	Tyr	ca. 25	AB^R, Tet, Erm, Kan (tetM, ermB, aphA-3)	Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, Bacteroides, Clostridium, Lactococcus, Listeria, Escherichia, Eubacterium, Neisseria, Roseburia, Ureaplasma		H, F	A+T rich	Clewell & Francia, 2004; Weaver, Rice, & Churchward, 2002
Tn1549		Tn916	Tyr	30	AB^R, Van (vanB2)	E. faecium, anaerobes		H, HH	A+T rich	Ballard, Pertile, Lim, Johnson, & Grayson, 2005; Garnier, Taourit, Glaser, Courvalin, & Galimand, 2000; Launay, Ballard, Johnson, Grayson, & Lambert, 2006
Tn5382 ^c		Tn916	Tyr	34	AB^R, Van, Amp (vanB2, pbp5)	Enterococcus (E. faecium, E. faecalis, E. gallinarum, E. hirae), Streptococcus, anaerobes		H, A, F	A+T rich	Ballard, Pertile, Lim, Johnson, & Grayson, 2005; Carias, Rudin, Donskey, & Rice, 1998; López, et al., 2009; Torres, et al., 2003
Tn6084, Tn6085a Tn6085b ^b		Tn916	Tyr		AB^R, Tet (tetM)	Enterococcus faecium		H, HH	A+T rich	Rice L. B., Carias, Rudin, Hutton, & Marshall, 2010
Tn5386		Tn916	Tyr	29	Lantibiotics (spa)	Enterococcus faecium		H	A+T rich	Rice L. B., Carias, Marshall, Rudin, & Hutton-Thomas, 2005
Tn6009		Tn916	Tyr	18	AB^R, Tet (tetM) Mercury (mer)	Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Serratia		HHc	Not identified	Soge, Beck, White, No, & Roberts, 2008
ICEEfm1 ^e (espPAI_Efaecium)		Tn916	Tyr	64-104	Esp, partial copy of Tn916 including relaxase	Enterococcus faecium		H, HH, A, SW	Single site, Identified downstream rpsI gene	Leavis, et al., 2004; Top, Sinnige, Majoor, Bonten, Willems, & van Schaik, 2011; van Schaik, et al., 2010
Tn5397		Tn916	Ser	21	AB^R, Tet (tetM)	Enterococcus (E. faecium, E. hirae), Streptococcus, Clostridium difficile, Bacillus subtilis		H, HH, A, WA, F, SW	Single site	Agersø, Pedersen, & Aarestrup, 2006; Novais, Freitas, Baquero, Peixe, & Coque, 2010; Poeta, et al., 2007
Tn5801 ^f, CW459 (Tn6086, Tn6014)		Tn916		25	AB^R, Tet (tetM)	Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus mitis, Clostridium perfringens		H, HH, A, F, SW	3ʹ of GMP synthase gene	de Vries, Christensen, Skov, Aarestrup, & Agersø, 2009; Denapaite, et al., 2010; Novais, Freitas, Baquero, Peixe, & Coque, 2010
Tn6000		Tn916	Related to that of S. aureus PAI SaPIbov and SaPIbov2	33.2	AB^R, Tet (tetS)	Enterococcus (E. faecium, E. faecalis, E. casseliflavus)		H, HH, A	3ʹ end of gene encoding ribosomal protein L31	Brouwer, Mullany, & Roberts, 2010; Novais, Freitas, Baquero, Peixe, & Coque, 2010; Roberts, Davis, Seville, Villedieu, & Mullany, 2006
Tn950		NI	Not identified	47	AB^R, Erm (ermB)	Enterococcus faecium		H	Not identified	Takeuchi, Tomita, Fujimoto, Kudo, Kuwano, & Ike, 2005
EfaC1		NI	Tyr	25.3	None identified	Enterococcus faecalis		H	3ʹ end of gene encoding tRNA	Burrus, Pavlovic, Decaris, & Guédon, 2002; Paulsen, et al., 2003
EfaC2		NI	Tyr	32.7	None identified	Enterococcus faecalis		H	3ʹ of GMP synthase gene	Burrus, Pavlovic, Decaris, & Guédon, 2002; Paulsen, et al., 2003
EfaD2		NI	Tyr	ND	None identified	Enterococcus faecalis		H	Unknown	Burrus, Pavlovic, Decaris, & Guédon, 2002; Paulsen, et al., 2003
OG1RF-CTn homologue		NI	Putative phage-related integrase	49	Putative adhesin proteins		Enterococcus faecalis	H	Unknown	Bourgogne, et al., 2008

: Abbreviations: AB^r, antibiotic resistance; Amp, ampicillin; Erm, erythromycin; Gm, high level of resistance to gentamicin; Km, kanamycin; Sm, streptomycin; St, streptothricin; Tet, tetracycline; Van, vancomycin: Tyr, tyrosine recombinase; Ser, serine recombinase; H, Hospital; HH, healthy humans; HHc, Healthy humans (children); A, animals (farm or healthy animals); WA, wild animals; F, foods; P, pets; SW, sewage.NA: Not available; NI: not identified
^a: Multiple variants that contain insertions or deletions have been described for these CTns. The previously published CTn916S (tetS), identified in a Streptococcus
: intermedius human isolate (Genbank accession no.AY534326.1), is in fact an hybrid of CTn6000 and CTn916 carrying a mosaic tet(S/M) (Novais, et al., 2012).
^b: Tn919 and Tn920 have not been completely characterized.
^c: Tn5382 is basically Tn1549 with a cluster of genes that contain pbp5 inserted upstream of the Tn.
^d: Tn6084, Tn6085a, and Tn6085b contain a 2.7 kb putative group II intron inserted at nucleotide 3913 at the beginning of orf19 in Tn916, whose function remains unknown. Tn6084 has an ISEfa11 insertion. Tn6085a and Tn6085b are identical and therefore were given the designations Tn6085a and Tn6085b. All three have been identified in the same isolate E. faecium strain C68, which also harbors Tn5382 (vanB).
^e: Previously described as a genetic island (Leavis, et al., 2004; van Schaik, et al., 2010). It shares the esp gene itself and a 10-kb completely conserved gene cluster with the PAI of E. faecalis (Top, Sinnige, Majoor, Bonten, Willems, & van Schaik, 2011).
^f: Tn5801 has been completely characterized in E. faecium and E. faecalis (Novais, et al., 2013, T.M. Coque personal communication), only integrases have been detected in natural isolates (Novais, et al., 2013).

From: Extrachromosomal and Mobile Elements in Enterococci: Transmission, Maintenance, and Epidemiology

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Clewell DB, Weaver KE, Dunny GM, et al. Extrachromosomal and Mobile Elements in Enterococci: Transmission, Maintenance, and Epidemiology. 2014 Feb 9. In: Gilmore MS, Clewell DB, Ike Y, et al., editors. Enterococci: From Commensals to Leading Causes of Drug Resistant Infection [Internet]. Boston: Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary; 2014-. Table 5c. [Conjugative transposons/ICEs].
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