TABLE D-5Direct Medical Expenses Following Discharge from the Initial Hospitalization

PaperTime HorizonRehospitalization (cost)Outpatient MD, Drug and Other (cost)Post-Discharge TotalRehospitalization (mean or median)Rehospitalization (mean total days)Rehospitalization (LOS)Outpatient Visits (Clinic, MD, ER)
Broyles (28)1 year adjusted age<1,500: 6,982<1,500: 2,931<1,500: 9,913<1,500: 0.7<1,500: 7.6N/A<1,500:
Clinic: 6.4
ER: 1.9
Total: 8.2
Chollet (15)a2 years (1 year detail)Not separated from initial hospitalizationNormal preterm: 4,463Not separated from initial hospitalizationN/AN/AN/AN/A
Extreme preterm: 6,329
Normal full-term: 2,243
Other preterm: 4,195
Lewit (31)15 years of age< 1,500N/A<1,500N/AN/AN/AN/A
<1 year (not separated from initial hospitalization)<1 year (not separated from initial hospitalization)
3–5 years: 2903–5 years: 290
6–10 years: 4706–10 years: 470
McCormick (32)1 year of age<1,500: 8,250MD visits<1,500: 10,139N/AN/AN/A<1,500: 18.5
Term: 900<1,500: 564Term: 1,179Term: 9.3
Term: 232
Other Outpatient:
<1,500: 1,311
Term: 63
Medstat (41)1 year of agePreterm: 35,034Preterm: 6,576Preterm: 41,611Preterm: 1.3N/APreterm: 16.8Preterm: 8.9
Normal full-term: 1,210Normal full-term: 1,620Normal full-term:Normal full-term:Normal full-term:Normal
2,8311.12.3full-term: 5.9
Petrou (33)5 years of ageYear 1:N/AYear 1:>37 weeks: 2>37 weeks: 6.3N/AN/A
>37 weeks: 297>37 weeks: 29732–36 weeks: 232–36 weeks: 16.2
32–36 weeks: 2,01632–36 weeks: 2,01628–31 weeks: 128–31 weeks: 48.7
28–31 weeks: 7,27228–31 weeks: 7,272<28 weeks: 1<28 weeks: 49
<28 weeks: 10,630<28 weeks: 10,630
Total (inc birth hosp):Total (inc birth hosp):
>37 weeks: 1,333>37 weeks: 1,333
32–36 weeks: 4,37832–36 weeks: 4,378
28–31 weeks: 14,05928–31 weeks: 14,059
<28 weeks: 13,639<28 weeks: 13,639
Petrou (34)10 years of ageIncluding birth hosp:N/AIncluding birth hosp:>37 weeks: 0.75Including birth hosp:N/AN/A
>37 weeks: 1,659>37 weeks: 1,65932–36 weeks: 1.48>37 weeks: 6.2
32–36 weeks:7,39432–36 weeks:7,39428–31 weeks: 2.5432–36 weeks:18
28–31 weeks: 17,75128–31 weeks:17,751<28 weeks: 1.928–31 weeks:58.2
<28 weeks: 17,820<28 weeks: 17,820<28 weeks: 59.2
Pharaoh (35)4 years of ageN/AN/A<1,500: 2,620bN/AN/AN/AN/A
Rogowski (36)1 year of age<1,000: 12,800<1,500: 870<1,500: 6,160<1,000: 1.8<1,500: 5.5<1,000: 13.6N/A
<1,500: 5,2901,000–1,249: 1.91,000–1,249: 9.6
1,250–1,499: 2.11,250–1,499: 9.8
Rolnick (37)1 year postdischargeN/AN/A2,500–4,499: 2,919N/AN/AN/AN/A
1,500–2,500: 5,938
Stevenson (39)c8–9 years of age<1,000: 421<1,000: 876<1,000: 1,297N/AN/AN/AN/A
1,001–1,500: 4331,001–1,500: 7931,001–1,500: 1,226
1,501–2,000: 2701,501–2,000: 4301,501–2,000: 699
Stevenson (40)d8–9 years of age<1,000: 1,861<1,000: 1,617<1,000: 3,475N/AN/AN/AN/A
1,001–1,500: 1,4391,001–1,500: 1,4471,001–1,500: 2,886
1,501–2,000: 5701,501–2,000: 1,1491,501–2,000: 1,719
Tommiska (27)e2 years of ageYear 1:Year 1:Year 1:Year 1:Year 1:N/AYear 1:
<1,000: 12,185<1,000: 1,995<1,000: 20,390<1,000: 1.8<1,000: 8.4<1,000: 7.1
control: 225control: 295control: 1,415control: 0.1control: 0.3control: 2.9
Year 2:Year 2:Year 2:Year 2:Year 2:Year 2:
<1,000: 2,575<1,000: 1,420<1,000: 13,955<1,000:1.0<1,000: 4.2<1,000: 6.5
control: 195control: 315control: 1,205control: 0.1control: 0.4control: 3.8
a

Mothers and infants combined

b

Calculated from data in article

c

Per infant with no disability

d

Per infant with disability

e

Total cost includes nonmedical (See Tables D-5 and D-6)

From: D, A Systematic Review of Costs Associated with Preterm Birth

Cover of Preterm Birth
Preterm Birth: Causes, Consequences, and Prevention.
Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Understanding Premature Birth and Assuring Healthy Outcomes; Behrman RE, Butler AS, editors.
Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2007.
Copyright © 2007, National Academy of Sciences.

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