The laying performance, egg quality, and disease resistance decline rapidly during the late laying period. Probiotic intervention may alleviate this process and prolong the life cycle of hens. This study explores the effects of dietary Active Dry Yeast (ADY), ADY combined with Bacillus subtilis (BS) supplementation on laying performance, egg quality, blood physiological and biochemical indexes, reproductive performance, Ileum microbiome, and metabolome, and gene expression profiling in the uterus of the oviduct. A total of 336 Hyline brown layer hens (55 weeks) were randomly divided into three treatment groups: the control group was fed basal diet (DC), the ADY group was supplemented with 1g/kg ADY, and the ADY+BS group was supplemented with 1g/kg ADY+0.1 g/kg BS. The results showed that ADY and ADY+BS significantly increased eggshell strength (p<0.05), while ADY+BS markedly increased serum lysozyme (LZM), serum antibody titer against avian influnze virus H5 and H9 subtype , as well as calcium contents (p<0.05). Ileal microbiota analysis showed ADY and ADY+BS group significantly altered the intestine microbial composition and dramatically decreased microbial richness, conversely improving the evenness. LEfSe analysis revealed ADY group dramatically enriched Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Gallibacterium, and Lactobacillus in ADY+BS group, compared to the control group. The genera Lactobacillus shows a significant negative correlation with the signature metabolites of Phenylalanyl-Threonine and Phenylalanyl-Tryptophan. These two dipeptides showed a markedly negative correlation with the uterus's differential genes (calcium ion transport metabolism and immune-related differential pathways). Altogether, ADY combined with BS has a better production-promoting effect than ADY alone, which can improve eggshell strength and the immune response ability of hens. Such improvement may be attributed to ADY+BS modulates the microbial community structure and metabolic profiles, and the small molecules metabolites may transmit signals to epithelial cells in the uterus through blood, which activate calcium ion transport and immune-related pathways, thereby increasing blood calcium ion concentration and ultimately improving eggshell strength and immune response level of hens in the late laying period.
| Accession | PRJNA918795 |
| Data Type | Raw sequence reads |
| Scope | Multispecies |
| Submission | Registration date: 5-Jan-2023
China Agricultural University |
Project Data:
| Resource Name | Number
of Links |
|---|
| Sequence data |
| SRA Experiments | 15 |
| Other datasets |
| BioSample | 15 |