Notes:

• 1) This taxonomic name has been effectively published but not validly published under the rules of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (Bacteriological Code).
• 2) This taxonomic name has been effectively published but not validly published under the rules of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (Bacteriological Code).

Comments and References:

Göker M & Oren A (2024), PubMed: abstract Göker, M., and Oren, A. "Valid publication of names of two domains and seven kingdoms of prokaryotes." Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. (2024) 74(1):006242.

Woese CR et al. (1990), doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576, PubMed: abstract Woese, C.R., Kandler, O., and Wheelis, M.L. "Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1990) 87(12):4576-4579.

Cavalier-Smith T (1987), PubMed: abstract Cavalier-Smith, T. "The origin of eukaryotic and archaebacterial cells." Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. (1987) 503(1):17-54.

Achenbach-Richter L et al. (1987) Achenbach-Richter, L., Gupta, R., Stetter, K.O., and Woese, C.R. "Were the original eubacteria thermophiles?" Syst. Appl. Microbiol. (1987) 9:34-39.

Christensen H et al. (2000) Christensen, H., Angen, O., Mutters, R., Olsen, J.E., and Bisgaard, M. "DNA-DNA hybridization determined in micro-wells using covalent attachment of DNA." Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. (2000) 50:1095-1102.

Christensen H et al. (2001) Christensen, H., Bisgaard, M., Frederiksen, W., Mutters, R., Kuhnert, P., and Olsen, J.E. "Is characterization of a single isolate sufficient for valid publication of a new genus or species? Proposal to modify recommendation 30b of the Bacteriological Code (1990 Revision)." Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. (2001) 51:2221-2225.

Clayton RA et al. (1995) Clayton, R.A., Sutton, G., Hinkle, P.S. Jr, Bult, C., and Fields, C. "Intraspecific variation in small-subunit rRNA sequences in GenBank: why single sequences may not adequately represent prokaryotic taxa." Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1995) 45:595-599.

Dalevi D et al. (2001) Dalevi, D., Hugenholtz, P., and Blackall, L.L. "A multiple-outgroup approach to resolving division-level phylogenetic relationships using 16S rDNA data." Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. (2001) 51:385-391.

Euzeby JP (1997b) Euzeby, J.P. "List of Bacterial Names with Standing in Nomenclature: a folder available on the Internet." Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1997) 47:590-592.

Göker M et al. (2022), doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.005754 Göker, M., Moore, E.R.B., Oren, A., and Trujillo, M.E. "Status of the SeqCode in the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology." Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. (2022) 72(12):005754.

Gurtler V & Mayall BC (2001) Gurtler, V., and Mayall, B.C. "Genomic approaches to typing, taxonomy and evolution of bacterial isolates." Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. (2001) 51:3-16

Hansmann S & Martin W (2000) Hansmann, S., and Martin, W. "Phylogeny of 33 ribosomal and six other proteins encoded in an ancient gene cluster that is conserved across prokaryotic genomes: influence of excluding poorly alignable sites from analysis." Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. (2000) 50:1655-1663.

Keswani J & Whitman WB (2001) Keswani, J., and Whitman, W.B. "Relationship of 16S rRNA sequence similarity to DNA hybridization in prokaryotes." Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. (2001) 51:667-678.

Moore LV et al. (1994b) Moore, L.V., Bourne, D.M., and Moore, W.E. "Comparative distribution and taxonomic value of cellular fatty acids in thirty-three genera of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli." Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1994) 44:338-347.

Murray RG & Schleifer KH (1994) Murray, R.G., and Schleifer, K.H. "Taxonomic notes: a proposal for recording the properties of putative taxa of procaryotes." Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1994) 44(1):174-176.

Palys T et al. (1997) Palys, T., Nakamura, L.K., and Cohan, F.M. "Discovery and classification of ecological diversity in the bacterial world: the role of DNA sequence data." Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1997) 47:1145-1156.

Stackebrandt E et al. (2002) Stackebrandt, E., Frederiksen, W., Garrity, G.M., Grimont, P.A., Kampfer, P., Maiden, M.C., Nesme, X., Rossello-Mora, R., Swings, J., Truper, H.G., Vauterin, L., Ward, A.C., and Whitman, W.B. "Report of the ad hoc committee for the re-evaluation of the species definition in bacteriology." Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. (2002) 52:1043-1047.

Sutcliffe IC et al. (2020), other link:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7657488/ Sutcliffe, I.C., Dijkshoorn, L., Whitman, W.B., Executive Board OBOTI. "Minutes of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes online discussion on the proposed use of gene sequences as type for naming of prokaryotes, and outcome of vote." Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. (2020) 70(7):4416-4417.

Tindall BJ (1999b) Tindall, B.J. "Proposals to update and make changes to the Bacteriological Code." Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1999) 49:1309-1312. [No abstract available.]

Tindall BJ (1999c) Tindall, B.J. "Misunderstanding the Bacteriological Code." Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1999) 49:1313-1316.

Tindall BJ (1999d) Tindall, B.J. "Proposal to change Rule 18a, Rule 18f and Rule 30 to limit the retroactive consequences of changes accepted by the ICSB." Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1999) 49:1321-1322. [No abstract available.]

Tindall BJ (1999e) Tindall, B.J. "Proposal to change the Rule governing the designation of type strains deposited under culture collection numbers allocated for patent purposes." Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1999) 49:1317-1319. [No abstract available.]

Truper HG (1994) Truper, H.G., "Taxonomic notes: Names for higher taxa and their impact on the Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria." Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1994) 368-369. [No PubMed record available.]

Viale AM et al. (1994) Viale, A.M., Arakaki, A.K., Soncini, F.C., and Ferreyra, R.G. "Evolutionary relationships among eubacterial groups as inferred from GroEL (chaperonin) sequence comparisons." Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1994) 44:527-533.

Winker S & Woese CR (1991) Winker, S., and Woese, C.R. "A definition of the domains Archaea, Bacteria and Eucarya in terms of small subunit ribosomal RNA characteristics." Syst. Appl. Microbiol. (1991) 14:305-310.

Woese CR & Fox GE (1977) Woese, C.R., and Fox, G.E. "Phylogenetic structure of the prokaryotic domain: the primary kingdoms." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A (1977) 74:5088-5090.

Woese CR et al. (1985) Woese, C.R., Stackebrandt, E., Macke, T.J., and Fox, G.E. "A phylogenetic definition of the major eubacterial taxa." Syst. Appl. Microbiol. (1985) 6:143-151.

Xu HX et al. (2000) Xu, H.X., Kawamura, Y., Li, N., Zhao, L., Li, T.M., Li, Z.Y., Shu, S., and Ezaki, T. "A rapid method for determining the G+C content of bacterial chromosomes by monitoring fluorescence intensity during DNA denaturation in a capillary tube." Int. J. Syst.Evol. Microbiol. (2000) 50:1463-1469.

Young JM (2000) Young, J.M. "Suggestions for avoiding on-going confusion from the Bacteriological Code." Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. (2000) 50:1687-1689. [No abstract available.]

Young JM (2001) Young, J.M. "Implications of alternative classifications and horizontal gene transfer for bacterial taxonomy." Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. (2001) 51:945-953.

External Information Resources (NCBI LinkOut)

Notes:

Groups interested in participating in the LinkOut program should visit the LinkOut home page.
A list of our current non-bibliographic LinkOut providers can be found here.

Information from sequence entries

Show organism modifiers

Disclaimer: The NCBI taxonomy database is not an authoritative source for nomenclature or classification - please consult the relevant scientific literature for the most reliable information.

Reference: How to cite this resource - Schoch CL, et al. NCBI Taxonomy: a comprehensive update on curation, resources and tools. Database (Oxford). 2020: baaa062. PubMed: 32761142 PMC: PMC7408187.