Smoothelin cytoskeleton protein; This domain family is found in eukaryotes, and is approximately 50 amino acids in length. The family is found in association with pfam00307. Smoothelin is a cytoskeletal protein specifically expressed in differentiated smooth muscle cells and has been shown to co-localize with smooth muscle alpha actin.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1720366416 598 PEGRSPLSAEELTAIEDEGVLDKMLDQTTNFEERKLIRAALRELRQRK 645
Cdd:pfam12510   3 TSAASKLTAEELEAIEDEEVLDKLLETATDYEERRLIRAAIRELRKRK 50

Smoothelin cytoskeleton protein; This domain family is found in eukaryotes, and is approximately 50 amino acids in length. The family is found in association with pfam00307. Smoothelin is a cytoskeletal protein specifically expressed in differentiated smooth muscle cells and has been shown to co-localize with smooth muscle alpha actin.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1720366416   1 MADEALAGLDEGALRKLLEVTADLAERRRIRSAI 34
Cdd:pfam12510  10 TAEELEAIEDEEVLDKLLETATDYEERRLIRAAI 43

Smoothelin cytoskeleton protein; This domain family is found in eukaryotes, and is approximately 50 amino acids in length. The family is found in association with pfam00307. Smoothelin is a cytoskeletal protein specifically expressed in differentiated smooth muscle cells and has been shown to co-localize with smooth muscle alpha actin.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1720366416 598 PEGRSPLSAEELTAIEDEGVLDKMLDQTTNFEERKLIRAALRELRQRK 645
Cdd:pfam12510   3 TSAASKLTAEELEAIEDEEVLDKLLETATDYEERRLIRAAIRELRKRK 50

Calponin homology domain; Actin binding domains present in duplicate at the N-termini of spectrin-like proteins (including dystrophin, alpha-actinin). These domains cross-link actin filaments into bundles and networks. A calponin homology domain is predicted in yeasst Cdc24p.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1720366416  839 LLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQ----NRRQNFEMAFSSAEA 903
Cdd:smart00033   3 LLRWVNSLLAEYDKPPVTNFSSDLKDGVALCALLNSLSPGLVDKKKVAASlsrfKKIENINLALSFAEK 71

Smoothelin cytoskeleton protein; This domain family is found in eukaryotes, and is approximately 50 amino acids in length. The family is found in association with pfam00307. Smoothelin is a cytoskeletal protein specifically expressed in differentiated smooth muscle cells and has been shown to co-localize with smooth muscle alpha actin.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1720366416  73 AEQQAALARLAGRLESMNDVEELTTLvrlragkgwvktyldsgmqplwpschpqLRSAGEYEERKLIRAAIRRVRAQE 150
Cdd:pfam12510   1 EETSAASKLTAEELEAIEDEEVLDKL----------------------------LETATDYEERRLIRAAIRELRKRK 50

large tegument protein UL36; Provisional

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720366416  135 ERKLIRAAIRRVRAQeiKAATLAGRlcSRLPSSGPREDSRRQAAHTLDPgkvpepeqQEQQTEVLEPTPTPEDTSQDVTT 214
Cdd:PHA03247  2650 ERPRDDPAPGRVSRP--RRARRLGR--AAQASSPPQRPRRRAARPTVGS--------LTSLADPPPPPPTPEPAPHALVS 2717

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720366416  215 VTLLLRAPPGGRPSSPASPHNSPTSASPEPLLEPAGAQCPAVEAPVSSEPLPHPSEAPSPEPPMSPVPSSSRGRVISKP- 293
Cdd:PHA03247  2718 ATPLPPGPAAARQASPALPAAPAPPAVPAGPATPGGPARPARPPTTAGPPAPAPPAAPAAGPPRRLTRPAVASLSESREs 2797

                          170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720366416  294 LPGPTEPSDTLDSI--RGFSNTKRADPSETKSCQRSLSVLSPRQPTPNREPT-----SLAGPSQFRRVGSVRDRVQKFTS 366
Cdd:PHA03247  2798 LPSPWDPADPPAAVlaPAAALPPAASPAGPLPPPTSAQPTAPPPPPGPPPPSlplggSVAPGGDVRRRPPSRSPAAKPAA 2877

                          250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720366416  367 DS-PVVARL-QDGPPRT----ALASPTPTRLPGPSLISTTPASSSSSNSSSPSPSDTSSHKKQRELA-HSLAELQSCPQE 439
Cdd:PHA03247  2878 PArPPVRRLaRPAVSRStesfALPPDQPERPPQPQAPPPPQPQPQPPPPPQPQPPPPPPPRPQPPLApTTDPAGAGEPSG 2957

                          330       340       350       360
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1720366416  440 EGPGGRGLALRSLE-----NRAGGPKPCSEEPSTPPPVAVGTGEPGGS 482
Cdd:PHA03247  2958 AVPQPWLGALVPGRvavprFRVPQPAPSREAPASSTPPLTGHSLSRVS 3005

calponin homology (CH) domain found in smoothelin-A and similar proteins; Smoothelins are actin-binding cytoskeletal proteins that are abundantly expressed in healthy visceral (smoothelin-A) and vascular (smoothelin-B) smooth muscle. This model corresponds to the single CH domain of smoothelin-A. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1720366416 834 SIKQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAE 902
Cdd:cd21258     1 SIKQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPDAFDYSQLSPQNRRQNFEVAFSAAE 69

calponin homology (CH) domain found in smoothelin-like protein 1; Smoothelin-like protein 1 (SMTNL1), also called calponin homology-associated smooth muscle protein (CHASM), plays a role in the regulation of contractile properties of both striated and smooth muscles. It can bind to calmodulin and tropomyosin. When it is unphosphorylated, SMTNL1 may inhibit myosin dephosphorylation. SMTNL1 contains a single copy of the CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720366416 834 SIKQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAE--ASCSHGIPA 911
Cdd:cd21260     1 GVKNMLLEWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSSGMAFCALIHKFFPDAFDYAELDPANRRHNFTLAFSTAEkhADCAPLLEV 80

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|.
gi 1720366416 912 GDSKRRLLAQAPCpsdLYTPI 932
Cdd:cd21260    81 EDMVRMSVPDSKC---VYTYI 98

calponin homology (CH) domain found in the cytospin family; The cytospin family includes cytospin-A and cytospin-B. Cytospin-A, also called renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-22, sperm antigen with calponin homology and coiled-coil domains 1-like, or SPECC1-like (SPECC1L) protein, is involved in cytokinesis and spindle organization. It may play a role in actin cytoskeleton organization and microtubule stabilization and hence, is required for proper cell adhesion and migration. Cytospin-B, also called nuclear structure protein 5 (NSP5), sperm antigen HCMOGT-1, or sperm antigen with calponin homology and coiled-coil domains 1 (SPECC1), is a novel fusion partner to PDGFRB in juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia with translocation t(5;17)(q33;p11.2). Members of this family contain a single copy of the CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1720366416 839 LLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAEascSHGIPA 911
Cdd:cd21199    13 LLKWCQEKTQGYKGIDITNFSSSWNDGLAFCALLHSYLPDKIPYSELNPQDKRRNFTLAFKAAE---SVGIPT 82

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in the alpha-actinin family; The alpha-actinin (ACTN) family includes alpha-actinin-1, -2, -3, and -4. They are F-actin cross-linking proteins which are thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. ACTN1 mutations cause congenital macrothrombocytopenia. ACTN2 mutations are associated with cardiomyopathies, as well as skeletal muscle disorder. ACTN3 is critical in anchoring the myofibrillar actin filaments and plays a key role in muscle contraction. ACTN4 is associated with cell motility and cancer invasion. It is probably involved in vesicular trafficking via its association with the CART complex, which is necessary for efficient transferrin receptor recycling but not for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) degradation. Members of this family contain two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1720366416 834 SIKQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAEASCshGIP 910
Cdd:cd21216    10 SAKEGLLLWCQRKTAPYKNVNVQNFHTSWKDGLAFCALIHRHRPDLLDYDKLRKDDPRENLNLAFDVAEKHL--DIP 84

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in the beta spectrin family; The beta spectrin family includes beta-I, -II, -III, -IV and -V spectrins. Spectrin is an actin crosslinking and molecular scaffold protein that links the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton, and functions in the determination of cell shape, arrangement of transmembrane proteins, and organization of organelles. It is composed of two antiparallel dimers of alpha- and beta- subunits. Beta-I spectrin, also called spectrin beta chain, erythrocytic (SPTB), may be involved in anaemia pathogenesis. Beta-II spectrin, also called spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 (SPTBN1), or fodrin beta chain, is a component of fodrin, which is the general spectrin-like protein that seems to be involved in secretion. Fodrin interacts with calmodulin in a calcium-dependent manner and is thus a candidate for the calcium-dependent movement of the cytoskeleton at the membrane. Beta-IV spectrin is also called spectrin, non-erythroid beta chain 3 (SPTBN3) or spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 4 (SPTBN4). Its mutation associates with congenital myopathy, neuropathy, and central deafness. Beta-III spectrin is also called spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 2 (SPTBN2), or spinocerebellar ataxia 5 protein (SCA5). Beta-V spectrin, also called spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 5 (SPTBN5), is a mammalian ortholog of Drosophila beta H spectrin. Beta-III and Beta-V spectrins may play crucial roles as longer actin-membrane cross-linkers or fulfill the need for greater extensible flexibility than can be provided by the other smaller conventional spectrins. Members of this family contain two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1720366416 834 SIKQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAEASCshGIPA 911
Cdd:cd21194     2 SAKDALLLWCQRKTAGYPGVNIQNFTTSWRDGLAFNALIHAHRPDLIDYNRLDPNDHLGNLNNAFDVAEQEL--GIAK 77

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in the beta-I spectrin-like subfamily; The beta-I spectrin-like family includes beta-I, -II, -III and -IV spectrins. Spectrin is an actin crosslinking and molecular scaffold protein that links the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton, and functions in the determination of cell shape, arrangement of transmembrane proteins, and organization of organelles. It is composed of two antiparallel dimers of alpha- and beta- subunits. Beta-I spectrin, also called spectrin beta chain, erythrocytic (SPTB), may be involved in anaemia pathogenesis. Beta-II spectrin, also called spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 (SPTBN1), or fodrin beta chain, is a component of fodrin, which is the general spectrin-like protein that seems to be involved in secretion. Fodrin interacts with calmodulin in a calcium-dependent manner and is thus a candidate for the calcium-dependent movement of the cytoskeleton at the membrane. Beta-III spectrin, also called spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 2 (SPTBN2), or spinocerebellar ataxia 5 protein (SCA5), may play a crucial role as a longer actin-membrane cross-linker or fulfill the need for greater extensible flexibility than can be provided by the other smaller conventional spectrins. Beta-IV spectrin is also called spectrin, non-erythroid beta chain 3 (SPTBN3) or spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 4 (SPTBN4). Its mutation associates with congenital myopathy, neuropathy, and central deafness. Members of this subfamily contain two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1720366416 834 SIKQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAE 902
Cdd:cd21248     2 SAKDALLLWCQMKTAGYPNVNVRNFTTSWRDGLAFNALIHKHRPDLIDYDKLSKSNALYNLQNAFNVAE 70

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in spectrin beta chain, erythrocytic (SPTB) and similar proteins; Spectrin is an actin crosslinking and molecular scaffold protein that links the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton, and functions in the determination of cell shape, arrangement of transmembrane proteins, and organization of organelles. It is composed of two antiparallel dimers of alpha- and beta- subunits. SPTB, also called beta-I spectrin, may be involved in anaemia pathogenesis. SPTB contains two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1720366416 834 SIKQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAE 902
Cdd:cd21319     5 SAKDALLLWCQMKTAGYPNVNVTNFTSSWKDGLAFNALIHKHRPDLVDFGKLKKSNARHNLEHAFNVAE 73

calponin homology (CH) domain found in the MICAL and EHBP families; This group is composed of the molecule interacting with CasL protein (MICAL) and EH domain-binding protein (EHBP) families. MICAL is a large, multidomain, cytosolic protein with a single LIM domain, a calponin homology (CH) domain and a flavoprotein monooxygenase (MO) domain. In Drosophila, MICAL is expressed in axons, interacts with the neuronal A (PlexA) receptor and is required for Semaphorin 1a (Sema-1a)-PlexA-mediated repulsive axon guidance. The LIM and CH domains mediate interactions with the cytoskeleton, cytoskeletal adaptor proteins, and other signaling proteins. The flavoprotein MO is required for semaphorin-plexin repulsive axon guidance during axonal pathfinding in the Drosophila neuromuscular system. The EHBP family includes EHBP1 and EHBP1-like protein (EHBP1L1). EHBP1 is a regulator of endocytic recycling and may play a role in actin reorganization by linking clathrin-mediated endocytosis to the actin cytoskeleton. It may act as an effector of small GTPases, including RAB-10 (Rab10), and play a role in vesicle trafficking. EHBP proteins contain a single CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1720366416 837 QMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAE 902
Cdd:cd22198     3 EELLSWCQEQTEGYRGVKVTDLTSSWRSGLALCAIIHRFRPDLIDFSSLDPENIAENNQLAFDVAE 68

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in the dystrophin family; The dystrophin family includes dystrophin and its paralog, utrophin. Dystrophin, encoded by the DMD gene, is a large, submembrane cytoskeletal protein that is the main component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) in skeletal muscles. It links the transmembrane DGC to the actin cytoskeleton through binding strongly to the cytoplasmic tail of beta-dystroglycan, the transmembrane subunit of a highly O-glycosylated cell-surface protein. Dystrophin is also involved in maintaining the structural integrity of cells, as well as in the formation of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Utrophin, also called dystrophin-related protein 1 (DRP-1), is an autosomal dystrophin homolog that increases dystrophic muscle function and reduces pathology. It is broadly expressed in both the mRNA and protein levels, and occurs in the cerebrovascular endothelium. Utrophin forms the utrophin-glycoprotein complex (UGC) by interacting with dystroglycans (DGs) and sarcoglycan-dystroglycans, as well as sarcoglycan and sarcospan (SG-SSPN) subcomplexes. It may act as a scaffolding protein that stabilizes lipid microdomains and clusters mechanosensitive channel subunits, and link the F-actin cytoskeleton to the cell membrane via the associated glycoprotein complex. Members of this family contain two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1720366416 839 LLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSA 901
Cdd:cd21187     5 LLAWCRQSTRGYEQVDVKNFTTSWRDGLAFNALIHRHRPDLFDFDSLVKDSPESRLEHAFTVA 67

calponin homology (CH) domain found in the MICAL-like protein family; The MICAL-L family includes MICAL-L1 and MICAL-L2. MICAL-L1, also called molecule interacting with Rab13 (MIRab13), is a probable lipid-binding protein with higher affinity for phosphatidic acid, a lipid enriched in recycling endosome membranes. It is a tubular endosomal membrane hub that connects Rab35 and Arf6 with Rab8a. It may be involved in a late step of receptor-mediated endocytosis regulating endocytosed-EGF receptor trafficking. Alternatively, it may regulate slow endocytic recycling of endocytosed proteins back to the plasma membrane. MICAL-L1 may indirectly play a role in neurite outgrowth. MICAL-L2, also called junctional Rab13-binding protein (JRAB), or molecule interacting with CasL-like 2, acts as an effector of small Rab GTPases which is involved in junctional complexes assembly through the regulation of cell adhesion molecule transport to the plasma membrane, and actin cytoskeleton reorganization. It regulates the endocytic recycling of occludins, claudins, and E-cadherin to the plasma membrane and may thereby regulate the establishment of tight junctions and adherens junctions. Members of this family contain a single copy of CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1720366416 837 QMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAEASCshGIPA 911
Cdd:cd21197     3 QALLRWCRRQCEGYPGVNITNLTSSFRDGLAFCAILHRHRPELIDFHSLKKDNWLENNRLAFRVAETSL--GIPA 75

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in the plectin/dystonin/MACF1 family; This family includes plectin, dystonin and microtubule-actin cross-linking factor 1, isoforms 1/2/3/5 (MACF1). Plectin, also called PCN, PLTN, hemidesmosomal protein 1 (HD1), or plectin-1, is a structural component of muscle. It interlinks intermediate filaments with microtubules and microfilaments, and anchors intermediate filaments to desmosomes or hemidesmosomes. It could also bind muscle proteins such as actin to membrane complexes in muscle. Dystonin, also called 230 kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen, 230/240 kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen, bullous pemphigoid antigen 1 (BPA or BPAG1), dystonia musculorum protein, or hemidesmosomal plaque protein, is a cytoskeletal linker protein that acts as an integrator of intermediate filaments, actin, and microtubule cytoskeleton networks. It is required for anchoring either intermediate filaments to the actin cytoskeleton in neural and muscle cells, or keratin-containing intermediate filaments to hemidesmosomes in epithelial cells. MACF1, also called 620 kDa actin-binding protein (ABP620), actin cross-linking family protein 7 (ACF7), macrophin-1, or trabeculin-alpha, is a large protein containing numerous spectrin and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains. It facilitates actin-microtubule interactions at the cell periphery and couples the microtubule network to cellular junctions. Members of this family contain two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1720366416 834 SIKQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAE 902
Cdd:cd21189     1 SAKEALLLWARRTTEGYPGVRVTNFTSSWRDGLAFNAIIHRNRPDLIDFRSVRNQSNRENLENAFNVAE 69

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 4 (SPTBN4) and similar proteins; Spectrin is an actin crosslinking and molecular scaffold protein that links the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton, and functions in the determination of cell shape, arrangement of transmembrane proteins, and organization of organelles. It is composed of two antiparallel dimers of alpha- and beta- subunits. SPTBN4, also called beta-IV spectrin, or spectrin, non-erythroid beta chain 3 (SPTBN3), is a novel spectrin isolated as an interactor of the receptor tyrosine phosphatase-like protein ICA512. Its mutation associates with congenital myopathy, neuropathy, and central deafness. SPTBN4 contains two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720366416 834 SIKQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAEA 903
Cdd:cd21322    17 SAKDALLLWCQMKTAGYPEVNIQNFTTSWRDGLAFNALIHRHRPDLIDFSKLTKSNATYNLQQAFNTAEQ 86

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in alpha-actinin-1; Alpha-actinin-1 (ACTN1), also called alpha-actinin cytoskeletal isoform, or non-muscle alpha-actinin-1, is an F-actin cross-linking protein which is thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. ACTN1 is a bundling protein. Its mutations cause congenital macrothrombocytopenia. It contains two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1720366416 834 SIKQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAE 902
Cdd:cd21287    10 SAKEGLLLWCQRKTAPYKNVNIQNFHISWKDGLGFCALIHRHRPELIDYGKLRKDDPLTNLNTAFDVAE 78

calponin homology (CH) domain found in molecule interacting with CasL protein 2 (MICAL-2), MICAL-3, and similar proteins; Molecule interacting with CasL protein (MICAL) is a large, multidomain, cytosolic protein with a single LIM domain, a calponin homology (CH) domain and a flavoprotein monooxygenase (MO) domain. In Drosophila, MICAL is expressed in axons, interacts with the neuronal A (PlexA) receptor and is required for Semaphorin 1a (Sema-1a)-PlexA-mediated repulsive axon guidance. The LIM and CH domains mediate interactions with the cytoskeleton, cytoskeletal adaptor proteins, and other signaling proteins. The flavoprotein MO is required for semaphorin-plexin repulsive axon guidance during axonal pathfinding in the Drosophila neuromuscular system. In addition, MICAL functions to interact with Rab13 and Rab8 to coordinate the assembly of tight junctions and adherens junctions in epithelial cells. Thus, MICAL is also called junctional Rab13-binding protein (JRAB). Members of this family, which includes MICAL-2, MICAL-3, and similar proteins, contain one CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 1720366416 839 LLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAEASCshGIP 910
Cdd:cd21195     9 LLTWCQQQTEGYQHVNVTDLTTSWRSGLALCAIIHRFRPELINFDSLNEDDAVENNQLAFDVAEREF--GIP 78

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in the synaptic nuclear envelope protein (SYNE) family; The SYNE family includes SYNE-1, -2 and calmin. SYNE-1 (also called nesprin-1, enaptin, KASH domain-containing protein 1, KASH1, myocyte nuclear envelope protein 1, MYNE-1, or nuclear envelope spectrin repeat protein 1) and SYNE-2 (also called nesprin-2, KASH domain-containing protein 2, KASH2, nuclear envelope spectrin repeat protein 2, nucleus and actin connecting element protein, or protein NUANCE) may act redundantly. They are multi-isomeric modular proteins which form a linking network between organelles and the actin cytoskeleton to maintain subcellular spatial organization. They also act as components of the LINC (LInker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton) complex, which is involved in the connection between the nuclear lamina and the cytoskeleton. Calmin, also called calponin-like transmembrane domain protein, is a protein with calponin homology (CH) and transmembrane domains expressed in maturing spermatogenic cells. It may be involved in the development and/or maintenance of neuronal functions. Members of this family contain two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1720366416 834 SIKQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAE 902
Cdd:cd21192     3 SAEKALLKWVQAEIGKYYGIRVTDFDKSWRDGVAFLALIHAIRPDLVDMKTVKNRSPRDNLELAFRIAE 71

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 (SPTBN1) and similar proteins; Spectrin is an actin crosslinking and molecular scaffold protein that links the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton, and functions in the determination of cell shape, arrangement of transmembrane proteins, and organization of organelles. It is composed of two antiparallel dimers of alpha- and beta- subunits. SPTBN1, also called beta-II spectrin, fodrin beta chain, or spectrin, non-erythroid beta chain 1, is also a component of fodrin, which is the general spectrin-like protein that seems to be involved in secretion. Fodrin interacts with calmodulin in a calcium-dependent manner and is thus a candidate for the calcium-dependent movement of the cytoskeleton at the membrane. SPTBN1 contains two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1720366416 834 SIKQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAE 902
Cdd:cd21320     2 SAKDALLLWCQMKTAGYPNVNIHNFTTSWRDGMAFNALIHKHRPDLIDFDKLKKSNAHYNLQNAFNLAE 70

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in dystrophin and similar proteins; Dystrophin, encoded by the DMD gene, is a large, submembrane cytoskeletal protein that is the main component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) in skeletal muscles. It links the transmembrane DGC to the actin cytoskeleton through binding strongly to the cytoplasmic tail of beta-dystroglycan, the transmembrane subunit of a highly O-glycosylated cell-surface protein. It is involved in maintaining the structural integrity of cells, as well as in the formation of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Mutations in dystrophin lead to Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Moreover, dystrophin deficiency is associated with abnormal cerebral diffusion and perfusion, as well as in acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection. The dystrophin subfamily has been characterized by a compact cluster of domains comprising four EF-hand-like motifs and a ZZ-domain, followed by a looser region with two coiled-coils. These domains are believed to be involved in protein-protein interactions. In addition, dystrophin contains two syntrophin binding sites (SBSs) and a long N-terminal extension that comprises two actin-binding calponin homology (CH) domains, approximately 24 spectrin repeats (SRs) and a WW domain. The model corresponds to the second CH domain.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720366416 836 KQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQ-LSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAEAS 904
Cdd:cd21233     2 EKILLSWVRQSTRNYPQVNVINFTSSWSDGLAFNALIHSHRPDLFDWNSvVSQQSATERLDHAFNIARQH 71

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in cortexillin; Cortexillins are actin-bundling proteins that play a critical role in regulating cell morphology and actin cytoskeleton reorganization. They play a major role in cytokinesis and contain two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1720366416 839 LLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAE 902
Cdd:cd21226     5 LLAWCRQTTEGYDGVNITSFKSSFNDGRAFLALLHAYDPELFKQAAIEQMDAEARLNLAFDFAE 68

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in alpha-actinin-3; Alpha-actinin-3 (ACTN3), also called alpha-actinin skeletal muscle isoform 3, is an F-actin cross-linking protein which is thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. ACTN3 is a bundling protein. It is critical in anchoring the myofibrillar actin filaments and plays a key role in muscle contraction. It contains two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1720366416 834 SIKQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAE 902
Cdd:cd21289    10 SAKEGLLLWCQRKTAPYRNVNVQNFHTSWKDGLALCALIHRHRPDLIDYAKLRKDDPIGNLNTAFEVAE 78

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in alpha-actinin-4; Alpha-actinin-4 (ACTN4), also called non-muscle alpha-actinin 4, is an F-actin cross-linking protein which is thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. It is associated with cell motility and cancer invasion. ACTN4 is probably involved in vesicular trafficking via its association with the CART complex, which is necessary for efficient transferrin receptor recycling but not for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) degradation. It contains two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1720366416 834 SIKQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAE 902
Cdd:cd21290    13 SAKEGLLLWCQRKTAPYKNVNVQNFHISWKDGLAFNALIHRHRPELIEYDKLRKDDPVTNLNNAFEVAE 81

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in utrophin and similar proteins; Utrophin, also called dystrophin-related protein 1 (DRP-1), is an autosomal dystrophin homolog that increases dystrophic muscle function and reduces pathology. It is broadly expressed in both the mRNA and protein levels, and occurs in the cerebrovascular endothelium. Utrophin forms the utrophin-glycoprotein complex (UGC) by interacting with dystroglycans (DGs) and sarcoglycan-dystroglycans, as well as sarcoglycan and sarcospan (SG-SSPN) subcomplexes. It may act as a scaffolding protein that stabilizes lipid microdomains and clusters mechanosensitive channel subunits, and link the F-actin cytoskeleton to the cell membrane via the associated glycoprotein complex. Like dystrophin, utrophin has a compact cluster of domains comprising four EF-hand-like motifs and a ZZ-domain, followed by a looser region with two coiled-coils. These domains are believed to be involved in protein-protein interactions. In addition, it contains two syntrophin binding sites (SBSs) and a long N-terminal extension that comprises two actin-binding calponin homology (CH) domains, up to 24 spectrin repeats (SRs), and a WW domain. However, utrophin lacks the intrinsic microtubule binding activity of dystrophin SRs. This model corresponds to the second CH domain.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1720366416 836 KQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAE 902
Cdd:cd21234     2 EKILLSWVRQSTRPYSQVNVLNFTTSWTDGLAFNAVLHRHKPDLFSWDKVVKMSPVERLEHAFSKAK 68

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in dystonin and similar proteins; Dystonin, also called 230 kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen, 230/240 kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen, bullous pemphigoid antigen 1 (BPA or BPAG1), dystonia musculorum protein, or hemidesmosomal plaque protein, is a cytoskeletal linker protein that acts as an integrator of intermediate filaments, actin, and microtubule cytoskeleton networks. It is required for anchoring either intermediate filaments to the actin cytoskeleton in neural and muscle cells, or keratin-containing intermediate filaments to hemidesmosomes in epithelial cells. Dystonin contains two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1720366416 834 SIKQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAE 902
Cdd:cd21239     1 SAKERLLLWSQQMTEGYTGIRCENFTTCWRDGRLFNAIIHKYRPDLIDMNTVAVQSNLANLEHAFYVAE 69

Ca2+-binding actin-bundling protein fimbrin/plastin (EF-Hand superfamily) [Cytoskeleton];

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720366416 819 TAVQRSTSFGVPNAN--SIKQMLLDWCRAKTRGYE-HVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYGQLSPQ--NRRQN 893
Cdd:COG5069   108 SLISRLTIATINEEGelTKHINLLLWCDEDTGGYKpEVDTFDFFRSWRDGLAFSALIHDSRPDTLDPNVLDLQkkNKALN 187

                          90
                  ....*....|.
gi 1720366416 894 FEMAFSSAEAS 904
Cdd:COG5069   188 NFQAFENANKV 198

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in the filamin family; The filamin family includes filamin-A (FLN-A), filamin-B (FLN-B) and filamin-C (FLN-C). Filamins function to anchor various transmembrane proteins to the actin cytoskeleton. FLN-A is also called actin-binding protein 280 (ABP-280), alpha-filamin, endothelial actin-binding protein, filamin-1, or non-muscle filamin. It promotes orthogonal branching of actin filaments and links actin filaments to membrane glycoproteins. It also serves as a scaffold for a wide range of cytoplasmic signaling proteins. FLN-B is also called ABP-278, ABP-280 homolog, actin-binding-like protein, beta-filamin, filamin homolog 1 (Fh1), filamin-3, thyroid autoantigen, truncated actin-binding protein, or truncated ABP. It connects cell membrane constituents to the actin cytoskeleton and may also promote orthogonal branching of actin filaments as well as link actin filaments to membrane glycoproteins. FLN-C, also called FLNc, ABP-280-like protein, ABP-L, actin-binding-like protein, filamin-2, or gamma-filamin, is a muscle-specific filamin that plays a central role in muscle cells, probably by functioning as a large actin-cross-linking protein. It may be involved in reorganizing the actin cytoskeleton in response to signaling events, and may also display structural functions at the Z lines in muscle cells. FLN-C is critical for normal myogenesis and for maintaining the structural integrity of the muscle fibers. This family also includes Drosophila melanogaster protein jitterbug (Jbug), which is an actin-meshwork organizing protein containing three copies of the CH domain. Other members of this family contain two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1720366416 836 KQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEhvdIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYG-QLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAE 902
Cdd:cd21184     3 KSLLLEWVNSKIPEYK---VKNFTTDWNDGKALAALVDALKPGLIPDNeSLDKENPLENATKAMDIAE 67

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated protein (ASPM) and similar proteins; ASPM, also called abnormal spindle protein homolog, or Asp homolog, is involved in mitotic spindle regulation and coordination of mitotic processes. It may also have a preferential role in regulating neurogenesis. Members of this family contain two copies of CH domain in the middle region. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720366416 835 IKQMLLDWCRAKTRGYEhVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAFDYG---QLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAEASCSHGIPA 911
Cdd:cd21224     1 VLSLLLKWCQAVCAHYG-VKVENFTVSFADGRALCYLIHHYLPSLLPLDairQPTTQTVDRAQDEAEDFWVAEFSPSTGD 79

                  ....*....
gi 1720366416 912 GDSKRRLLA 920
Cdd:cd21224    80 SGLSSELLA 88

Smoothelin cytoskeleton protein; This domain family is found in eukaryotes, and is approximately 50 amino acids in length. The family is found in association with pfam00307. Smoothelin is a cytoskeletal protein specifically expressed in differentiated smooth muscle cells and has been shown to co-localize with smooth muscle alpha actin.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1720366416  73 AEQQAALARLAGRLESMNDVEELTTLvrlragkgwvktyldsgmqplwpschpqLRSAGEYEERKLIRAAIRRVRAQE 150
Cdd:pfam12510   1 EETSAASKLTAEELEAIEDEEVLDKL----------------------------LETATDYEERRLIRAAIRELRKRK 50

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in filamins; The filamin family includes filamin-A (FLN-A), filamin-B (FLN-B) and filamin-C (FLN-C). Filamins function to anchor various transmembrane proteins to the actin cytoskeleton. FLN-A is also called actin-binding protein 280 (ABP-280), alpha-filamin, endothelial actin-binding protein, filamin-1, or non-muscle filamin. It promotes orthogonal branching of actin filaments and links actin filaments to membrane glycoproteins. It also serves as a scaffold for a wide range of cytoplasmic signaling proteins. FLN-B is also called ABP-278, ABP-280 homolog, actin-binding-like protein, beta-filamin, filamin homolog 1 (Fh1), filamin-3, thyroid autoantigen, truncated actin-binding protein, or truncated ABP. It connects cell membrane constituents to the actin cytoskeleton and may also promote orthogonal branching of actin filaments as well as link actin filaments to membrane glycoproteins. FLN-C, also called FLNc, ABP-280-like protein, ABP-L, actin-binding-like protein, filamin-2, or gamma-filamin, is a muscle-specific filamin that plays a central role in muscle cells, probably by functioning as a large actin-cross-linking protein. It may be involved in reorganizing the actin cytoskeleton in response to signaling events, and may also display structural functions at the Z lines in muscle cells. FLN-C is critical for normal myogenesis and for maintaining the structural integrity of the muscle fibers. Members of this family contain two copies of the CH domain. The model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1720366416 836 KQMLLDWCRAKTRGyehVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAF-DYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAE 902
Cdd:cd21230     3 KQRLLGWIQNKIPQ---LPITNFTTDWNDGRALGALVDSCAPGLCpDWETWDPNDALENATEAMQLAE 67

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in Drosophila melanogaster protein jitterbug and similar proteins; Protein jitterbug (Jbug) is an actin-meshwork organizing protein. It is required to maintain the shape and cell orientation of the Drosophila notum epithelium during flight muscle attachment to tendon cells. Jbug contains three copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1720366416 836 KQMLLDWCRAktrGYEHVDIQNFSSSWSDGMAFCALVHNFFPEAF-DYGQLSPQNRRQNFEMAFSSAEAscSHGIP 910
Cdd:cd21229     5 KKLMLAWLQA---VLPELKITNFSTDWNDGIALSALLDYCKPGLCpNWRKLDPSNSLENCRRAMDLAKR--EFNIP 75