Diacylglycerol kinase accessory domain (presumed); Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a second messenger that acts as a protein kinase C activator. DAG can be produced from the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) by a phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C and by the degradation of phosphatidylcholine (PC) by a phospholipase C or the concerted actions of phospholipase D and phosphatidate phosphohydrolase. This domain might either be an accessory domain or else contribute to the catalytic domain. Bacterial homologues are known.

                            10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232    705 VMNNYFGIGLDAKISLDFNNKRDEHPEKCRSRTKNMMWYGVLGTKELLHRTYKNLEQKVLLECDGRPIPLP-SLQGIAVL 783
Cdd:smart00045    1 VMNNYFSIGVDAHIALEFHNKREANPEKFNSRLKNKMWYFELGTKDLFFRTCKDLHERIELECDGVDVDLPnSLEGIAVL 80

                            90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232    784 NIPSYAGGTNFWGGT-KEDDTFAAPSFDDKILEVVAVFGSMQMAVSRVIRLQHHRIAQCRTVKISILGDEGVPVQVDGEA 862
Cdd:smart00045   81 NIPSYGGGTNLWGTTdKEDLNFSKQSHDDGLLEVVGLTGAMHMAQIRQVGLAGRRIAQCSEVRITIKTSKTIPMQVDGEP 160

first protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in diacylglycerol kinase delta (DAG kinase delta) and similar proteins; Diacylglycerol (DAG) kinase (EC 2.7.1.107) is a lipid kinase that phosphorylates diacylglycerol to form phosphatidic acid. DAG kinase delta, also called 130 kDa diacylglycerol kinase, or diglyceride kinase delta (DGK-delta), is a residential lipid kinase in the endoplasmic reticulum. It promotes lipogenesis and is involved in triglyceride biosynthesis. It is classified as a type II DAG kinase (DGK), containing pleckstrin homology (PH) and sterile alpha motifs (SAM) domains, in addition to C1 and catalytic domains that are present in all DGKs. The SAM domain mediates oligomerization of type II DGKs. DAG kinase delta contains two copies of the C1 domain. This model corresponds to the first one. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232   82 ALKTVQNREHFEPTQYSMDHFSGMHNWYACSHARPTYCNVCREALSGVTSHGLSCEVCKFKAHKRCAVRATNNCKWTTLA 161
Cdd:cd20847     1 ALKSVQNREHFESTQYSMDHFSGMHNWYACSHARPTYCNVCREALSGVTSHGLSCEVCKFKAHKRCAVRATNNCKWTTLA 80

                  ....*
gi 767920232  162 SIGKD 166
Cdd:cd20847    81 SIGKD 85

SAM domain of diacylglycerol kinase delta; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of DGK-delta subfamily proteins is a protein-protein interaction domain. Proteins of this subfamily are multidomain diacylglycerol kinases with a SAM domain located at the C-terminus. DGK-delta proteins participate in signal transduction. They regulate the level of second messengers such as diacylglycerol and phosphatidic acid. In particular DGK-delta is involved in the regulation of clathrin-dependent endocytosis. The SAM domain of DGK-delta proteins can form high molecular weight homooligomers through head-to-tail interactions as well as heterooligomers with the SAM domain of DGK-eta proteins. The oligomerization plays a role in the regulation of the DGK-delta intracellular localization: it inhibits the translocation of the protein to the plasma membrane from the cytoplasm. The SAM domain also can bind Zn at multiple (not conserved) sites driving the formation of highly ordered large sheets of polymers, thus suggesting that Zn may play important role in the function of DCK-delta.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 767920232 1083 PVHLWGTEEVAAWLEHLSLCEYKDIFTRHDIRGSELLHLERRDLKDLGVTKVGHMKRILCGIKEL 1147
Cdd:cd09575     1 PVHLWGTEEVAAWLEHLSLCEYKDIFTRHDVRGSELLHLERRDLKDLGVTKVGHMKRILCGIKEL 65

Diacylglycerol kinase accessory domain (presumed); Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a second messenger that acts as a protein kinase C activator. DAG can be produced from the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) by a phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C and by the degradation of phosphatidylcholine (PC) by a phospholipase C or the concerted actions of phospholipase D and phosphatidate phosphohydrolase. This domain might either be an accessory domain or else contribute to the catalytic domain. Bacterial homologues are known.

                            10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232    705 VMNNYFGIGLDAKISLDFNNKRDEHPEKCRSRTKNMMWYGVLGTKELLHRTYKNLEQKVLLECDGRPIPLP-SLQGIAVL 783
Cdd:smart00045    1 VMNNYFSIGVDAHIALEFHNKREANPEKFNSRLKNKMWYFELGTKDLFFRTCKDLHERIELECDGVDVDLPnSLEGIAVL 80

                            90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232    784 NIPSYAGGTNFWGGT-KEDDTFAAPSFDDKILEVVAVFGSMQMAVSRVIRLQHHRIAQCRTVKISILGDEGVPVQVDGEA 862
Cdd:smart00045   81 NIPSYGGGTNLWGTTdKEDLNFSKQSHDDGLLEVVGLTGAMHMAQIRQVGLAGRRIAQCSEVRITIKTSKTIPMQVDGEP 160

Type 2 Diacylglycerol kinase Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; DGK (also called DAGK) catalyzes the conversion of diacylglycerol (DAG) to phosphatidic acid (PA) utilizing ATP as a source of the phosphate. In non-stimulated cells, DGK activity is low and DAG is used for glycerophospholipid biosynthesis. Upon receptor activation of the phosphoinositide pathway, DGK activity increases which drives the conversion of DAG to PA. DGK acts as a switch by terminating the signalling of one lipid while simultaneously activating signalling by another. There are 9 mammalian DGK isoforms all with conserved catalytic domains and two cysteine rich domains. These are further classified into 5 groups according to the presence of additional functional domains and substrate specificity: Type 1 - DGK-alpha, DGK-beta, DGK-gamma - contain EF-hand motifs and a recoverin homology domain; Type 2 - DGK-delta, DGK-eta, and DGK-kappa- contain a pleckstrin homology domain, two cysteine-rich zinc finger-like structures, and a separated catalytic region; Type 3 - DGK-epsilon - has specificity for arachidonate-containing DAG; Type 4 - DGK-zeta, DGK-iota- contain a MARCKS homology domain, ankyrin repeats, a C-terminal nuclear localization signal, and a PDZ-binding motif; Type 5 - DGK-theta - contains a third cysteine-rich domain, a pleckstrin homology domain and a proline rich region. The type 2 DGKs are present as part of this Metazoan DGK hierarchy. They have a N-terminal PH domain, two cysteine rich domains, followed by bipartite catalytic domains, and a C-terminal SAM domain. Their catalytic domains and perhaps other DGK catalytic domains may function as two independent units in a coordinated fashion. They may also require other motifs for maximal activity because several DGK catalytic domains have very little DAG kinase activity when expressed as isolated subunits. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232    1 MLTKQNNSFQRSKRRYFKLRGRTLYYAKTAKSIIFDEVDLTDASVAESSTKNVNNSFTVITPCRKLILCADNRKEMEDWI 80
Cdd:cd13274     5 PLLKQTSSFQRWKRRYFKLKGRKLYYAKDSKSLIFEEIDLSDASVAECSTKNVNNSFTVITPFRKLILCAESRKEMEEWI 84

                          90
                  ....*....|...
gi 767920232   81 AALKTVQNREHFE 93
Cdd:cd13274    85 SALKTVQQREFYE 97

Diacylglycerol kinase catalytic domain (presumed); Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a second messenger that acts as a protein kinase C activator. DAG can be produced from the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) by a phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C and by the degradation of phosphatidylcholine (PC) by a phospholipase C or the concerted actions of phospholipase D and phosphatidate phosphohydrolase. This domain is presumed to be the catalytic domain. Bacterial homologues areknown.

                            10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232    265 LVFVNSKSGDNQGVKFLRRFKQLLNPAQVFDLMNGGPHLGLRLFQKFDTF-RILVCGGDGSVGWVLSEIDSLNLHKQC-Q 342
Cdd:smart00046    1 LVFVNPKSGGGKGEKLLRKFRLLLNPRQVFDLTKKGPAVALVIFRDVPDFnRVLVCGGDGTVGWVLNALDKRELPLPEpP 80

                            90       100       110       120
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 767920232    343 LGVLPLGTGNDLARVLGWGSACDDDTQLPqILEKLERASTKMLDR 387
Cdd:smart00046   81 VAVLPLGTGNDLARSLGWGGGYDGEKLLK-TLRDALESDTVKLDR 124

second protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in diacylglycerol kinase delta (DAG kinase delta) and similar proteins; Diacylglycerol (DAG) kinase (EC 2.7.1.107) is a lipid kinase that phosphorylates diacylglycerol to form phosphatidic acid. DAG kinase delta, also called 130 kDa diacylglycerol kinase, or diglyceride kinase delta (DGK-delta), is a residential lipid kinase in the endoplasmic reticulum. It promotes lipogenesis and is involved in triglyceride biosynthesis. It is classified as a type II DAG kinase (DGK), containing pleckstrin homology (PH) and sterile alpha motifs (SAM) domains, in addition to C1 and catalytic domains that are present in all DGKs. The SAM domain mediates oligomerization of type II DGKs. DAG kinase delta contains two copies of the C1 domain. This model corresponds to the second one. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 767920232  173 GIAMPHQWLEGNLPVSAKCTVCDKTCGSVLRLQDWRCLWCKAMVHTSCKESLLTKCPLGLC 233
Cdd:cd20893     1 GISMPHQWLEGNLPVSAKCTVCDKTCGSVLRLQDWRCLWCKAMVHTSCKELLLTKCPLGQC 61

Sterile alpha motif; Widespread domain in signalling and nuclear proteins. In EPH-related tyrosine kinases, appears to mediate cell-cell initiated signal transduction via the binding of SH2-containing proteins to a conserved tyrosine that is phosphorylated. In many cases mediates homodimerisation.

                            10        20        30        40        50        60
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 767920232   1084 VHLWGTEEVAAWLEHLSLCEYKDIFTRHDIRGSELLHLERR-DLKDLGVTKVGHMKRILCGIKEL 1147
Cdd:smart00454    1 VSQWSPESVADWLESIGLEQYADNFRKNGIDGALLLLLTSEeDLKELGITKLGHRKKILKAIQKL 65

Protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1) domains (Cysteine-rich domains); Some bind phorbol esters and diacylglycerol. Some bind RasGTP. Zinc-binding domains.

                            10        20        30        40        50
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232    106 HNWYACSHARPTYCNVCREALSGVTSHGLSCEVCKFKAHKRCAVRATNNC 155
Cdd:smart00109    1 HKHVFRTFTKPTFCCVCRKSIWGSFKQGLRCSECKVKCHKKCADKVPKAC 50

Phosphatidylglycerol kinase, diacylglycerol kinase family [Lipid transport and metabolism, General function prediction only];

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232  264 LLVFVNSKSGDNQGVKFLRRFKQLLN----PAQVFDLMNGGPhlGLRLFQK-----FDtfRILVCGGDGSVGWVLSEIds 334
Cdd:COG1597     5 ALLIVNPASGRGRAARLLERLVAALRaaglEVEVLETESPGD--ATELAREaaaegAD--LVVAAGGDGTVNEVANGL-- 78

                          90       100       110       120       130
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 767920232  335 lnLHKQCQLGVLPLGTGNDLARVLGWgsacddDTQLPQILEKLERASTKMLD 386
Cdd:COG1597    79 --AGTGPPLGILPLGTGNDFARALGI------PLDPEAALEALLTGRTRRID 122

Phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain (C1 domain); This domain is also known as the Protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1) domain.

                           10        20        30        40        50
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232   106 HNWYACSHARPTYCNVCREALSGVTSHGLSCEVCKFKAHKRCAVRATNNC 155
Cdd:pfam00130    1 HHFVHRNFKQPTFCDHCGEFLWGLGKQGLKCSWCKLNVHKRCHEKVPPEC 50

Phosphatidylglycerol kinase, diacylglycerol kinase family [Lipid transport and metabolism, General function prediction only];

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232  708 NYFGIGLDAKISLDFNNKRdehpekcrSRTKNMMWYGVLGTKELlhRTYKNLEqkVLLECDGRPIPLPSLQgIAVLNIPS 787
Cdd:COG1597   133 NVAGIGFDAEVVERANRAL--------KRRLGKLAYVLAALRAL--LRYRPFR--LRIELDGEEIEGEALL-VAVGNGPY 199

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232  788 YAGGTNFwggtkeddtFAAPSFDDKILEVVAV----FGSMQMAVSRVIR---LQHHRIAQCRTVKISILGDEGVPVQVDG 860
Cdd:COG1597   200 YGGGLRL---------APDASLDDGLLDVVVVrplsRLRLLRLLPRLLRgrhLRHPGVRYFRAREVEIESDRPLPVQLDG 270

                         170
                  ....*....|....*.
gi 767920232  861 EA-WVQPPGYIRIVHK 875
Cdd:COG1597   271 EPlGLATPLEFEVLPG 286

PH domain; PH stands for pleckstrin homology.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232     1 MLTKQNNSFQRSKRRYFKLRGRTLYY--------AKTAKSIIfDEVDLTDASVAESSTKNVNNSFTVITPC----RKLIL 68
Cdd:pfam00169    7 LLKKGGGKKKSWKKRYFVLFDGSLLYykddksgkSKEPKGSI-SLSGCEVVEVVASDSPKRKFCFELRTGErtgkRTYLL 85

                           90
                   ....*....|....*.
gi 767920232    69 CADNRKEMEDWIAALK 84
Cdd:pfam00169   86 QAESEEERKDWIKAIQ 101

Diacylglycerol kinase accessory domain (presumed); Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a second messenger that acts as a protein kinase C activator. DAG can be produced from the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) by a phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C and by the degradation of phosphatidylcholine (PC) by a phospholipase C or the concerted actions of phospholipase D and phosphatidate phosphohydrolase. This domain might either be an accessory domain or else contribute to the catalytic domain. Bacterial homologues are known.

                            10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232    705 VMNNYFGIGLDAKISLDFNNKRDEHPEKCRSRTKNMMWYGVLGTKELLHRTYKNLEQKVLLECDGRPIPLP-SLQGIAVL 783
Cdd:smart00045    1 VMNNYFSIGVDAHIALEFHNKREANPEKFNSRLKNKMWYFELGTKDLFFRTCKDLHERIELECDGVDVDLPnSLEGIAVL 80

                            90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232    784 NIPSYAGGTNFWGGT-KEDDTFAAPSFDDKILEVVAVFGSMQMAVSRVIRLQHHRIAQCRTVKISILGDEGVPVQVDGEA 862
Cdd:smart00045   81 NIPSYGGGTNLWGTTdKEDLNFSKQSHDDGLLEVVGLTGAMHMAQIRQVGLAGRRIAQCSEVRITIKTSKTIPMQVDGEP 160

Type 2 Diacylglycerol kinase Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; DGK (also called DAGK) catalyzes the conversion of diacylglycerol (DAG) to phosphatidic acid (PA) utilizing ATP as a source of the phosphate. In non-stimulated cells, DGK activity is low and DAG is used for glycerophospholipid biosynthesis. Upon receptor activation of the phosphoinositide pathway, DGK activity increases which drives the conversion of DAG to PA. DGK acts as a switch by terminating the signalling of one lipid while simultaneously activating signalling by another. There are 9 mammalian DGK isoforms all with conserved catalytic domains and two cysteine rich domains. These are further classified into 5 groups according to the presence of additional functional domains and substrate specificity: Type 1 - DGK-alpha, DGK-beta, DGK-gamma - contain EF-hand motifs and a recoverin homology domain; Type 2 - DGK-delta, DGK-eta, and DGK-kappa- contain a pleckstrin homology domain, two cysteine-rich zinc finger-like structures, and a separated catalytic region; Type 3 - DGK-epsilon - has specificity for arachidonate-containing DAG; Type 4 - DGK-zeta, DGK-iota- contain a MARCKS homology domain, ankyrin repeats, a C-terminal nuclear localization signal, and a PDZ-binding motif; Type 5 - DGK-theta - contains a third cysteine-rich domain, a pleckstrin homology domain and a proline rich region. The type 2 DGKs are present as part of this Metazoan DGK hierarchy. They have a N-terminal PH domain, two cysteine rich domains, followed by bipartite catalytic domains, and a C-terminal SAM domain. Their catalytic domains and perhaps other DGK catalytic domains may function as two independent units in a coordinated fashion. They may also require other motifs for maximal activity because several DGK catalytic domains have very little DAG kinase activity when expressed as isolated subunits. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232    1 MLTKQNNSFQRSKRRYFKLRGRTLYYAKTAKSIIFDEVDLTDASVAESSTKNVNNSFTVITPCRKLILCADNRKEMEDWI 80
Cdd:cd13274     5 PLLKQTSSFQRWKRRYFKLKGRKLYYAKDSKSLIFEEIDLSDASVAECSTKNVNNSFTVITPFRKLILCAESRKEMEEWI 84

                          90
                  ....*....|...
gi 767920232   81 AALKTVQNREHFE 93
Cdd:cd13274    85 SALKTVQQREFYE 97

first protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in diacylglycerol kinase eta (DAG kinase eta) and similar proteins; Diacylglycerol (DAG) kinase (EC 2.7.1.107) is a lipid kinase that phosphorylates diacylglycerol to form phosphatidic acid. DAG kinase eta, also called diglyceride kinase eta (DGK-eta), plays a key role in promoting cell growth. It is classified as a type II DAG kinase (DGK), containing pleckstrin homology (PH) and sterile alpha motifs (SAM) domains, in addition to C1 and catalytic domains that are present in all DGKs. The SAM domain mediates oligomerization of type II DGKs. The diacylglycerol kinase eta gene, DGKH, is a replicated risk gene of bipolar disorder (BPD). DAG kinase eta contains two copies of the C1 domain. This model corresponds to the first one. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232   77 EDWIAALKTVQNREHFEPTQYSMDHFSGMHNWYACSHARPTYCNVCREALSGVTSHGLSCEVCKFKAHKRCAVRATNNCK 156
Cdd:cd20848     1 EDWISSLKSVQSREHYETAQFNVEHFSGMHNWYACSHARPTFCNVCRESLSGVTSHGLSCEVCKFKAHKRCAVRATNNCK 80

                  ....*.
gi 767920232  157 WTTLAS 162
Cdd:cd20848    81 WTTLAS 86

SAM domain of diacylglycerol kinase delta; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of DGK-delta subfamily proteins is a protein-protein interaction domain. Proteins of this subfamily are multidomain diacylglycerol kinases with a SAM domain located at the C-terminus. DGK-delta proteins participate in signal transduction. They regulate the level of second messengers such as diacylglycerol and phosphatidic acid. In particular DGK-delta is involved in the regulation of clathrin-dependent endocytosis. The SAM domain of DGK-delta proteins can form high molecular weight homooligomers through head-to-tail interactions as well as heterooligomers with the SAM domain of DGK-eta proteins. The oligomerization plays a role in the regulation of the DGK-delta intracellular localization: it inhibits the translocation of the protein to the plasma membrane from the cytoplasm. The SAM domain also can bind Zn at multiple (not conserved) sites driving the formation of highly ordered large sheets of polymers, thus suggesting that Zn may play important role in the function of DCK-delta.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 767920232 1083 PVHLWGTEEVAAWLEHLSLCEYKDIFTRHDIRGSELLHLERRDLKDLGVTKVGHMKRILCGIKEL 1147
Cdd:cd09575     1 PVHLWGTEEVAAWLEHLSLCEYKDIFTRHDVRGSELLHLERRDLKDLGVTKVGHMKRILCGIKEL 65

SAM domain of diacylglycerol kinase delta and eta subunits; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of DGK-eta-delta subfamily proteins is a protein-protein interaction domain. Proteins of this subfamily are multidomain diacylglycerol kinases with a SAM domain located at the C-terminus. DGK proteins participate in signal transduction. They regulate the level of second messengers such as diacylglycerol and phosphatidic acid. The SAM domain of DGK proteins can form high molecular weight homooligomers through head-to-tail interactions as well as heterooligomers between the SAM domains of DGK delta and eta proteins. The oligomerization plays a role in the regulation of DGK intracellular localization.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 767920232 1083 PVHLWGTEEVAAWLEHLSLCEYKDIFTRHDIRGSELLHLERRDLKDLGVTKVGHMKRILCGIKEL 1147
Cdd:cd09507     1 PVTNWTTEEVGAWLESLQLGEYRDIFARNDIRGSELLHLERRDLKDLGITKVGHVKRILQAIKDL 65

second protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in diacylglycerol kinase eta (DAG kinase eta) and similar proteins; Diacylglycerol (DAG) kinase (EC 2.7.1.107) is a lipid kinase that phosphorylates diacylglycerol to form phosphatidic acid. DAG kinase eta, also called diglyceride kinase eta (DGK-eta), plays a key role in promoting cell growth. It is classified as a type II DAG kinase (DGK), containing pleckstrin homology (PH) and sterile alpha motifs (SAM) domains, in addition to C1 and catalytic domains that are present in all DGKs. The SAM domain mediates oligomerization of type II DGKs. The diacylglycerol kinase eta gene, DGKH, is a replicated risk gene of bipolar disorder (BPD). DAG kinase eta contains two copies of the C1 domain. This model corresponds to the second one. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 767920232  173 GIAMPHQWLEGNLPVSAKCTVCDKTCGSVLRLQDWRCLWCKAMVHTSCKESLLTKCPLGLCK 234
Cdd:cd20894     1 GIAMPHQWLEGNLPVSAKCSVCDKTCGSVLRLQDWRCLWCKAMVHTACKDQYPRKCPLGQCR 62

SAM domain of diacylglycerol kinase eta; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of DGK-eta subfamily proteins is a protein-protein interaction domain. Proteins of this subfamily are multidomain diacylglycerol kinases. The SAM domain is located at the C-terminus of two out of three isoforms of DGK-eta protein. DGK-eta proteins participate in signal transduction. They regulate the level of second messengers such as diacylglycerol and phosphatidic acid. The SAM domain of DCK-eta proteins can form high molecular weight homooligomers through head-to-tail interactions as well as heterooligomers with the SAM domain of DGK-delta proteins. The oligomerization plays a role in the regulation of the DGK-delta intracellular localization: it is responsible for sustained endosomal localization of the protein and resulted in negative regulation of DCK-eta catalytic activity.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 767920232 1083 PVHLWGTEEVAAWLEHLSLCEYKDIFTRHDIRGSELLHLERRDLKDLGVTKVGHMKRILCGIKEL 1147
Cdd:cd09576     1 PVQKWGTDEVAAWLDLLSLGEYKEIFIRHDIRGSELLHLERRDLKDLGIPKVGHMKRILQGIKEL 65

second protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in the diacylglycerol kinase family; The diacylglycerol kinase (DGK, EC 2.7.1.107) family of enzymes plays critical roles in lipid signaling pathways by converting diacylglycerol to phosphatidic acid, thereby downregulating signaling by the former and upregulating signaling by the latter second messenger. Ten DGK family isozymes have been identified to date, which possess different interaction motifs imparting distinct temporal and spatial control of DGK activity to each isozyme. They have been classified into five types (I-V), according to domain architecture and some common features. All DGK isozymes, except for DGKtheta, contain two copies of the C1 domain. This model corresponds to the second one. DGKtheta harbors three C1 domains. Its third C1 domain is included here. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 767920232  178 HQWLEGNLPVSAKCTVCDKTCGSVLRLQDWRCLWCKAMVHTSCKESLL-TKCPLG 231
Cdd:cd20805     1 HHWVEGNLPSGAKCSVCGKKCGSSFGLAGYRCSWCKRTVHSECIDKLGpEECDLG 55

Sterile alpha motif; Widespread domain in signalling and nuclear proteins. In EPH-related tyrosine kinases, appears to mediate cell-cell initiated signal transduction via the binding of SH2-containing proteins to a conserved tyrosine that is phosphorylated. In many cases mediates homodimerisation.

                            10        20        30        40        50        60
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 767920232   1084 VHLWGTEEVAAWLEHLSLCEYKDIFTRHDIRGSELLHLERR-DLKDLGVTKVGHMKRILCGIKEL 1147
Cdd:smart00454    1 VSQWSPESVADWLESIGLEQYADNFRKNGIDGALLLLLTSEeDLKELGITKLGHRKKILKAIQKL 65

SAM domain of Shank1,2,3 family proteins; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of Shank1,2,3 family proteins is a protein-protein interaction domain. Shank1,2,3 proteins are scaffold proteins that are known to interact with a variety of cytoplasmic and membrane proteins. SAM domains of the Shank1,2,3 family are prone to homooligomerization. They are highly enriched in the postsynaptic density, acting as scaffolds to organize assembly of postsynaptic proteins. SAM domains of Shank3 proteins can form large sheets of helical fibers. Shank genes show distinct patterns of expression, in rat Shank1 mRNA is found almost exclusively in brain, Shank2 in brain, kidney and liver, and Shank3 in heart, brain and spleen.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 767920232 1083 PVHLWGTEEVAAWLEHLSLCEYKDIFTRHDIRGSELLHLERRDLKDLGVTKVGHMKRILCGIKELS 1148
Cdd:cd09506     1 PVHEWTVDDVGDWLESLNLGEHRERFMDNEIDGSHLPNLDKEDLTELGVTRVGHRMNIERALKKLL 66

SAM (Sterile alpha motif ); SAM (Sterile Alpha Motif) domain is a module consisting of approximately 70 amino acids. This domain is found in the Fungi/Metazoa group and in a restricted number of bacteria. Proteins with SAM domains are represented by a wide variety of domain architectures and have different intracellular localization, including nucleus, cytoplasm and membranes. SAM domains have diverse functions. They can interact with proteins, RNAs and membrane lipids, contain site of phosphorylation and/or kinase docking site, and play a role in protein homo and hetero dimerization/oligomerization in processes ranging from signal transduction to regulation of transcription. Mutations in SAM domains have been linked to several diseases.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 767920232 1091 EVAAWLEHLSLCEYKDIFTRHDIRGSELLHLERRDLKDLGVTKVGHMKRILCGIKE 1146
Cdd:cd09487     1 DVAEWLESLGLEQYADLFRKNEIDGDALLLLTDEDLKELGITSPGHRKKILRAIQR 56

SAM domain (Sterile alpha motif); It has been suggested that SAM is an evolutionarily conserved protein binding domain that is involved in the regulation of numerous developmental processes in diverse eukaryotes. The SAM domain can potentially function as a protein interaction module through its ability to homo- and heterooligomerise with other SAM domains.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 767920232  1085 HLWGTEEVAAWLEHLSLCEYKDIFTRHDIRGSELLHLERRDLKDLGVTKVGHMKRILCGIKEL 1147
Cdd:pfam00536    1 DGWSVEDVGEWLESIGLGQYIDSFRAGYIDGDALLQLTEDDLLKLGVTLLGHRKKILYAIQRL 63

protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) superfamily; The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains. It contains the motif HX12CX2CXnCX2CX4HX2CX7C, where C and H are cysteine and histidine, respectively; X represents other residues; and n is either 13 or 14. C1 has a globular fold with two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites. It was originally discovered as lipid-binding modules in protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms. C1 domains that bind and respond to phorbol esters (PE) and diacylglycerol (DAG) are referred to as typical, and those that do not respond to PE and DAG are deemed atypical. A C1 domain may also be referred to as PKC or non-PKC C1, based on the parent protein's activity. Most C1 domain-containing non-PKC proteins act as lipid kinases and scaffolds, except PKD which acts as a protein kinase. PKC C1 domains play roles in membrane translocation and activation of the enzyme.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232  106 HNWYACSHARPTYCNVCREALSGVTSHGLSCEVCKFKAHKRCAVRATNNC 155
Cdd:cd00029     1 HRFVPTTFSSPTFCDVCGKLIWGLFKQGLKCSDCGLVCHKKCLDKAPSPC 50

Pleckstrin homology domain; Domain commonly found in eukaryotic signalling proteins. The domain family possesses multiple functions including the abilities to bind inositol phosphates, and various proteins. PH domains have been found to possess inserted domains (such as in PLC gamma, syntrophins) and to be inserted within other domains. Mutations in Brutons tyrosine kinase (Btk) within its PH domain cause X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA) in patients. Point mutations cluster into the positively charged end of the molecule around the predicted binding site for phosphatidylinositol lipids.

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                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232      2 LTKQNNSFQRS-KRRYFKLRGRTLYYAKTAKSIIFDE----VDLTDASV---AESSTKNVNNSFTVITPCRK-LILCADN 72
Cdd:smart00233    7 LYKKSGGGKKSwKKRYFVLFNSTLLYYKSKKDKKSYKpkgsIDLSGCTVreaPDPDSSKKPHCFEIKTSDRKtLLLQAES 86

                            90
                    ....*....|....*.
gi 767920232     73 RKEMEDWIAALKTVQN 88
Cdd:smart00233   87 EEEREKWVEALRKAIA 102

Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232    1 MLTKQNNSFQRS-KRRYFKLRGRTLYYAKTAKSIIF---DEVDLTD-ASVAESSTKNVNNSFTVITP-CRKLILCADNRK 74
Cdd:cd00821     4 YLLKRGGGGLKSwKKRWFVLFEGVLLYYKSKKDSSYkpkGSIPLSGiLEVEEVSPKERPHCFELVTPdGRTYYLQADSEE 83

                  ....*....
gi 767920232   75 EMEDWIAAL 83
Cdd:cd00821    84 ERQEWLKAL 92

SAM domain of WDSUB1 proteins; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of WDSUB1 subfamily proteins is a putative protein-protein interaction domain. Proteins of this group contain multiple domains: SAM, one or more WD40 repeats and U-box (derived version of the RING-finger domain). Apparently the WDSUB1 subfamily proteins participate in protein degradation through ubiquitination, since U-box domain are known as a member of E3 ubiquitin ligase family, while SAM and WD40 domains most probably are responsible for an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme binding and a target protein binding.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 767920232 1087 WGTEEVAAWLEHLSLCEYKDIFTRHDIRGSELLHLERRDL-KDLGVTKVGHMKRILCGIKEL 1147
Cdd:cd09505     5 WSEEDVCTWLRSIGLEQYVEVFRANNIDGKELLNLTKESLsKDLKIESLGHRNKILRKIEEL 66

second protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in protein kinase D (PKD) and similar proteins; PKD is also called PKD1, PRKD1, protein kinase C mu type (nPKC-mu), PRKCM, serine/threonine-protein kinase D1, or nPKC-D1. It is a serine/threonine-protein kinase that converts transient diacylglycerol (DAG) signals into prolonged physiological effects downstream of PKC, and is involved in the regulation of MAPK8/JNK1 and Ras signaling, Golgi membrane integrity and trafficking, cell survival through NF-kappa-B activation, cell migration, cell differentiation by mediating HDAC7 nuclear export, cell proliferation via MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) signaling, and plays a role in cardiac hypertrophy, VEGFA-induced angiogenesis, genotoxic-induced apoptosis and flagellin-stimulated inflammatory response. PKD contains N-terminal tandem cysteine-rich zinc binding C1 (PKC conserved region 1), central PH (Pleckstrin Homology), and C-terminal catalytic kinase domains. This model corresponds to the second C1 domain. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232  106 HNWYACSHARPTYCNVCREALSGVTSHGLSCEVCKFKAHKRCAVRATNNC 155
Cdd:cd20842    35 HTFVIHSYTRPTVCQYCKKLLKGLFRQGLQCKDCKFNCHKRCAPKVPNNC 84

Phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain (C1 domain); This domain is also known as the Protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1) domain.

                           10        20        30        40        50
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232   106 HNWYACSHARPTYCNVCREALSGVTSHGLSCEVCKFKAHKRCAVRATNNC 155
Cdd:pfam00130    1 HHFVHRNFKQPTFCDHCGEFLWGLGKQGLKCSWCKLNVHKRCHEKVPPEC 50

protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe protein BZZ1 and similar proteins; BZZ1 is a syndapin-like F-BAR protein that plays a role in endocytosis and trafficking to the vacuole. It functions with type I myosins to restore polarity of the actin cytoskeleton after NaCl stress. BZZ1 contains an N-terminal F-BAR (FES-CIP4 Homology and Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs), a central coiled-coil, and two C-terminal SH3 domains. Schizosaccharomyces pombe BZZ1 also harbors a C1 domain, but Saccharomyces cerevisiae BZZ1 doesn't have any. This model corresponds to the C1 domain. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 767920232  105 MHNWYACSHARPTYCNVCREALSGVTSHGLSCEVCKFKAHKRCAVRATNNC 155
Cdd:cd20824     1 PHNFKPHSFSIPTKCDYCGEKIWGLSKKGLSCKDCGFNCHIKCELKVPPEC 51

SAM domain of Samd14 subfamily; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of SamD14 (or FAM15A) subfamily is a putative protein-protein interaction domain. SAM is widespread domain in proteins involved in signal transduction and regulation. In many cases SAM mediates homodimerization/oligomerization. The exact function of proteins belonging to this subfamily is unknown.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 767920232 1087 WGTEEVAAWLEHLSLCEYKDIFTRHDIRGSELLHLERRDLKDLGVTKVGHMKRILCGIKEL 1147
Cdd:cd09530     3 WDTEDVAEWIEGLGFPQYRECFTTNFIDGRKLILVDASTLPRMGVTDFEHIKAIARKIREL 63

first protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in diacylglycerol kinase beta (DAG kinase beta) and similar proteins; Diacylglycerol (DAG) kinase (EC 2.7.1.107) is a lipid kinase that phosphorylates diacylglycerol to form phosphatidic acid. DAG kinase beta, also called 90 kDa diacylglycerol kinase, or diglyceride kinase beta (DGK-beta), exhibits high phosphorylation activity for long-chain diacylglycerols. It is classified as a type I DAG kinase (DGK), containing EF-hand structures that bind Ca(2+) and a recoverin homology domain, in addition to C1 and catalytic domains that are present in all DGKs. As a type I DGK, it is regulated by calcium binding. DAG kinase beta contains two copies of the C1 domain. This model corresponds to the first one. DGK-beta contains typical C1 domains that bind DAG and phorbol esters. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 767920232  104 GMHNWYACSHARPTYCNVCREALSGVTSHGLSCEVCKFKAHKRCAVRATNNCKWTTLAS 162
Cdd:cd20845     6 GQHVWRLKHFNKPAYCNLCLNMLVGLGKQGLCCSFCKYTVHERCVQRAPASCIKTYVKS 64

ArfGAP with coiled-coil, ankyrin repeat and PH domains Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; ACAP (also called centaurin beta) functions both as a Rab35 effector and as an Arf6-GTPase-activating protein (GAP) by which it controls actin remodeling and membrane trafficking. ACAP contain an NH2-terminal bin/amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain, a phospholipid-binding domain, a PH domain, a GAP domain, and four ankyrin repeats. The AZAPs constitute a family of Arf GAPs that are characterized by an NH2-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain and a central Arf GAP domain followed by two or more ankyrin repeats. On the basis of sequence and domain organization, the AZAP family is further subdivided into four subfamilies: 1) the ACAPs contain an NH2-terminal bin/amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain (a phospholipid-binding domain that is thought to sense membrane curvature), a single PH domain followed by the GAP domain, and four ankyrin repeats; 2) the ASAPs also contain an NH2-terminal BAR domain, the tandem PH domain/GAP domain, three ankyrin repeats, two proline-rich regions, and a COOH-terminal Src homology 3 domain; 3) the AGAPs contain an NH2-terminal GTPase-like domain (GLD), a split PH domain, and the GAP domain followed by four ankyrin repeats; and 4) the ARAPs contain both an Arf GAP domain and a Rho GAP domain, as well as an NH2-terminal sterile-a motif (SAM), a proline-rich region, a GTPase-binding domain, and five PH domains. PMID 18003747 and 19055940 Centaurin can bind to phosphatidlyinositol (3,4,5)P3. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232    2 LTKQNNSFQRS-KRRYFKLRGRTLYYAKTAKSIIF--DEVDLTDASVAESSTKNVNNSFTVITPCRKLILCADNRKEMED 78
Cdd:cd13250     5 LFKRSSNAFKTwKRRWFSLQNGQLYYQKRDKKDEPtvMVEDLRLCTVKPTEDSDRRFCFEVISPTKSYMLQAESEEDRQA 84

                  ....*...
gi 767920232   79 WIAALKTV 86
Cdd:cd13250    85 WIQAIQSA 92

first protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in protein kinase D3 (PKD3) and similar proteins; PKD3 is also called PRKD3, PRKCN, serine/threonine-protein kinase D3 (nPKC-D3), protein kinase C nu type (nPKC-nu), or protein kinase EPK2. It converts transient diacylglycerol (DAG) signals into prolonged physiological effects, downstream of PKC. It is involved in the regulation of the cell cycle by modulating microtubule nucleation and dynamics. PKD3 acts as a key mediator in several cancer development signaling pathways. PKD3 contains N-terminal tandem cysteine-rich zinc binding C1 (PKC conserved region 1), central PH (Pleckstrin Homology), and C-terminal catalytic kinase domains. This model corresponds to the first C1 domain. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767920232  106 HNWYACSHARPTYCNVCREALSGVTSHGLSCEVCKFKAHKRCAVRATNNC 155
Cdd:cd20841    11 HTLYVHSYKAPTFCDYCGEMLWGLVRQGLKCEGCGLNYHKRCAFKIPNNC 60

SAM domain of SAM_Neurabin-like subfamily; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of Neurabin-like (Neural actin-binding) subfamily is a putative protein-protein interaction domain. This group currently includes the SAM domains of neurobin-I, SAMD14 and neurobin-I/SAMD14-like proteins. Most are multidomain proteins and in addition to SAM domain they contain other protein-binding domains such as PDZ and actin-binding domains. Members of this subfamily participate in signal transduction. Neurabin-I is involved in the regulation of Ca signaling intensity in alpha-adrenergic receptors; it forms a functional pair of opposing regulators with neurabin-II. Neurabins are expressed almost exclusively in neuronal cells. They are known to interact with protein phosphatase 1 and inhibit its activity; they also can bind actin filaments; however, the exact role of the SAM domain is unclear, since SAM doesn't participate in these interactions.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 767920232 1081 GAPVHLWGTEEVAAWLEHLSLCEYKDIFTRHDIRGSELLHLERRDLKDLGVTKVGHMKRILCGIKEL 1147
Cdd:cd09512     1 SRPVSEWSVQQVCQWLMGLGLEQYIPEFTANNIDGQQLLQLDSSKLKALGITSSSDRSLLKKKLKEL 67

second protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in protein kinase D3 (PKD3) and similar proteins; PKD3 is also called PRKD3, PRKCN, serine/threonine-protein kinase D3 (nPKC-D3), protein kinase C nu type (nPKC-nu), or protein kinase EPK2. It converts transient diacylglycerol (DAG) signals into prolonged physiological effects, downstream of PKC. It is involved in the regulation of the cell cycle by modulating microtubule nucleation and dynamics. PKD3 acts as a key mediator in several cancer development signaling pathways. PKD3 contains N-terminal tandem cysteine-rich zinc binding C1 (PKC conserved region 1), central PH (Pleckstrin Homology), and C-terminal catalytic kinase domains. This model corresponds to the second C1 domain. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.