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Conserved domains on  [gi|767908896|ref|XP_011507681|]
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carbonic anhydrase 14 isoform X2 [Homo sapiens]

Protein Classification

carbonic anhydrase family protein( domain architecture ID 275)

carbonic anhydrase family protein similar to carbonic anhydrase, which catalyzes the reversible hydration of gaseous carbon dioxide to carbonic acid

CATH:  3.10.200.10
Gene Ontology:  GO:0004089|GO:0008270|GO:0006730
PubMed:  10978542|18336305
SCOP:  4002732

Graphical summary

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List of domain hits

 Name Accession Description Interval E-value
alpha_CA super family cl00012
Carbonic anhydrase alpha (vertebrate-like) group. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are ...
 50-264 1.00e-148

Carbonic anhydrase alpha (vertebrate-like) group. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in a two-step mechanism: a nucleophilic attack of a zinc-bound hydroxide ion on carbon dioxide, followed by the regeneration of the active site by ionization of the zinc-bound water molecule and removal of a proton from the active site. They are ubiquitous enzymes involved in fundamental processes like photosynthesis, respiration, pH homeostasis and ion transport. There are three evolutionary distinct groups - alpha, beta and gamma carbonic anhydrases - which show no significant sequence identity or structural similarity. Most alpha CAs are monomeric enzymes. The zinc ion is complexed by three histidine residues and a fourth conserved histidine plays a potential role in proton transfer.


The actual alignment was detected with superfamily member cd03126:

Pssm-ID: 469577  Cd Length: 249  Bit Score: 418.09  E-value: 1.00e-148
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  50 VRPHGYDQPGTEPLDLHNNGHTVQLSLPSTLYLGGLPRKYVAAQLHLHWGQKGSPGGSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSDS 129
Cdd:cd03126   36 LEFHGYNVSGTEQFTLTNNGHTVQLSLPPTMHIGGLPFKYTASQLHLHWGQRGSPEGSEHTISGKHFAAELHIVHYNSDK 115

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 130 YDSLSEAAERPQGLAVLGILIEVGEtKNIAYEHILSHLHEVRHKDQKTSVPPFNLRELLPKQLGQYFRYNGSLTTPPCYQ 209
Cdd:cd03126  116 YPDISTAMNKSQGLAVLGILIEVGP-FNPSYEKIFSHLHEVKYKDQKVSVPGFNVQELLPKRLDEYYRYEGSLTTPPCYP 194

                        170       180       190       200       210
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 767908896 210 SVLWTVFYRRSQISMEQLEKLQGTLFSTEEEPSKLLVQNYRALQPLNQRMVFASF 264
Cdd:cd03126  195 SVLWTVFRNPVQISQEQLLALETALYSTEEDESREMVNNYRQVQPFNERLVFASF 249
 
Name Accession Description Interval E-value
alpha_CA_XII_XIV cd03126
Carbonic anhydrase alpha, isozymes XII and XIV. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing ...
 50-264 1.00e-148

Carbonic anhydrase alpha, isozymes XII and XIV. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in a two-step mechanism: a nucleophilic attack of a zinc-bound hydroxide ion on carbon dioxide, followed by the regeneration of the active site by ionization of the zinc-bound water molecule and removal of a proton from the active site. They are ubiquitous enzymes involved in fundamental processes like photosynthesis, respiration, pH homeostasis and ion transport. There are three evolutionary distinct groups - alpha, beta and gamma carbonic anhydrases - which show no significant sequence identity or structural similarity. Most alpha CAs are monomeric enzymes. The zinc ion is complexed by three histidine residues. This sub-family comprises the membrane proteins CA XII and XIV.


Pssm-ID: 239400  Cd Length: 249  Bit Score: 418.09  E-value: 1.00e-148
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  50 VRPHGYDQPGTEPLDLHNNGHTVQLSLPSTLYLGGLPRKYVAAQLHLHWGQKGSPGGSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSDS 129
Cdd:cd03126   36 LEFHGYNVSGTEQFTLTNNGHTVQLSLPPTMHIGGLPFKYTASQLHLHWGQRGSPEGSEHTISGKHFAAELHIVHYNSDK 115

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 130 YDSLSEAAERPQGLAVLGILIEVGEtKNIAYEHILSHLHEVRHKDQKTSVPPFNLRELLPKQLGQYFRYNGSLTTPPCYQ 209
Cdd:cd03126  116 YPDISTAMNKSQGLAVLGILIEVGP-FNPSYEKIFSHLHEVKYKDQKVSVPGFNVQELLPKRLDEYYRYEGSLTTPPCYP 194

                        170       180       190       200       210
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 767908896 210 SVLWTVFYRRSQISMEQLEKLQGTLFSTEEEPSKLLVQNYRALQPLNQRMVFASF 264
Cdd:cd03126  195 SVLWTVFRNPVQISQEQLLALETALYSTEEDESREMVNNYRQVQPFNERLVFASF 249
Carb_anhydrase pfam00194
Eukaryotic-type carbonic anhydrase;
51-264 1.22e-97

Eukaryotic-type carbonic anhydrase;


Pssm-ID: 459707 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 252  Bit Score: 288.40  E-value: 1.22e-97
                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896   51 RPHGYDQPGTEPlDLHNNGHTVQLSL----PSTLYLGGLPRKYVAAQLHLHWGQKGSPGgSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYD 126
Cdd:pfam00194  38 TFQGYDVPPGKN-TLTNNGHTVQVSLddgdPSTISGGPLATRYRLVQFHFHWGSTDSRG-SEHTIDGKRYPAELHIVHYN 115

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  127 SDsYDSLSEAAERPQGLAVLGILIEVGETKNIAYEHILSHLHEVRHKDQKTSVPPFNLRELLPKQLGQYFRYNGSLTTPP 206
Cdd:pfam00194 116 SK-YKSFDEAAKHPDGLAVLGVFFEVGDENNPYLQPIVSALDNIKYKGKSVLLPPFDLSDLLPEDLTSYYTYNGSLTTPP 194

                         170       180       190       200       210
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 767908896  207 CYQSVLWTVFYRRSQISMEQLEKLQGTLFSTEEEPSKLLVQNYRALQPLNQRMVFASF 264
Cdd:pfam00194 195 CSESVTWIVFKEPISISEEQLEAFRTLLFSDGGEEPRPLVNNFRPTQPLNGRVVFASF 252
Carb_anhydrase smart01057
Eukaryotic-type carbonic anhydrase; Carbonic anhydrases are zinc metalloenzymes which catalyse ...
 22-259 6.21e-84

Eukaryotic-type carbonic anhydrase; Carbonic anhydrases are zinc metalloenzymes which catalyse the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate.. CAs have essential roles in facilitating the transport of carbon dioxide and protons in the intracellular space, across biological membranes and in the layers of the extracellular space; they are also involved in many other processes, from respiration and photosynthesis in eukaryotes to cyanate degradation in prokaryotes. There are five known evolutionarily distinct CA families (alpha, beta, gamma, delta and epsilon) that have no significant sequence identity and have structurally distinct overall folds. Some CAs are membrane-bound, while others act in the cytosol; there are several related proteins that lack enzymatic activity. The active site of alpha-CAs is well described, consisting of a zinc ion coordinated through 3 histidine residues and a water molecule/hydroxide ion that acts as a potent nucleophile. The enzyme employs a two-step mechanism: in the first step, there is a nucleophilic attack of a zinc-bound hydroxide ion on carbon dioxide; in the second step, the active site is regenerated by the ionisation of the zinc-bound water molecule and the removal of a proton from the active site. Beta- and gamma-CAs also employ a zinc hydroxide mechanism, although at least some beta-class enzymes do not have water directly coordinated to the metal ion.


Pssm-ID: 215000 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 247  Bit Score: 253.39  E-value: 6.21e-84
                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896    22 WTYEGEQisrPPDNPFTLGPPHLAGRH---------TVRPHG--------YDQPGtePLDLHNNGHTVQLSLP---STLY 81
Cdd:smart01057   1 WGYEGKN---GPEHWGKLDPPFCGGKRqspidivtaEAQYDPslkplklsYDQPT--AKRILNNGHTVQVNFDddgSTLS 75

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896    82 LGGLPRKYVAAQLHLHWGQKGSPGgSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSDSydSLSEAAERPQGLAVLGILIEVGETKNIAYE 161
Cdd:smart01057  76 GGPLPGRYRLKQFHFHWGGSDSEG-SEHTIDGKRFPLELHLVHYNSKG--SFSEAVSKPGGLAVVAVFFKVGAEENPALQ 152

                          170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896   162 HILSHLHEVRHKDQKTSVPPFNLRELLPKQLGQYFRYNGSLTTPPCYQSVLWTVFYRRSQISMEQLEKLQgTLFSTEEEP 241
Cdd:smart01057 153 AILDHLPLIKYKGQETELTPFDLSSLLPASTRHYYTYNGSLTTPPCSEGVTWIVFKEPITISTEQLEKFR-TLLPMEGNE 231

                          250
                   ....*....|....*...
gi 767908896   242 SklLVQNYRALQPLNQRM 259
Cdd:smart01057 232 P--LVNNARPLQPLNGRV 247
Cah COG3338
Carbonic anhydrase [Inorganic ion transport and metabolism];
15-263 1.88e-44

Carbonic anhydrase [Inorganic ion transport and metabolism];


Pssm-ID: 442567 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 247  Bit Score: 151.96  E-value: 1.88e-44
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  15 AADGGQHWTYEGEQisrppdnpftlGPPHLAG-------------------RHTVRPHgydqpgTEPLDLH--------- 66
Cdd:COG3338   21 AAASAPHWSYEGET-----------GPEHWGElspefatcatgknqspidiRTAIKAD------LPPLKFDykptpleiv 83

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  67 NNGHTVQLSLP--STLYLGGlpRKYVAAQLHLHwgqkgSPggSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSDSydslseaaerpqGLA 144
Cdd:COG3338   84 NNGHTIQVNVDpgSTLTVDG--KRYELKQFHFH-----TP--SEHTINGKSYPMEAHLVHKDADG------------ELA 142

                        170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 145 VLGILIEVGETkNIAYEHILSHLHEVRHkDQKTSVPPFNLRELLPKQLGqYFRYNGSLTTPPCYQSVLWTVFYRRSQISM 224
Cdd:COG3338  143 VVGVLFEEGAE-NPALAKLWANLPLEAG-EEVALDATIDLNDLLPEDRS-YYRYSGSLTTPPCSEGVLWIVLKQPITVSA 219

                        250       260       270
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 767908896 225 EQLEKLQgtlfsteeepsKLLVQNYRALQPLNQRMVFAS 263
Cdd:COG3338  220 EQIEAFA-----------RLYPNNARPVQPLNGRLILES 247
PLN02202 PLN02202
carbonate dehydratase
 87-260 1.21e-12

carbonate dehydratase


Pssm-ID: 177853 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 284  Bit Score: 67.00  E-value: 1.21e-12
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  87 RKYVAAQLHLHwgqkgSPggSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSDSydslseaaerpqGLAVLGILIEVGETKNI--AYEHIL 164
Cdd:PLN02202 111 KNYTLLQMHWH-----TP--SEHHLHGVQYAAELHMVHQAKDG------------SFAVVASLFKIGTEEPFlsQMKDKL 171

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 165 SHLHEVRHKDQKTS---VPPFNLRELlPKQLGQYFRYNGSLTTPPCYQSVLWTVFYRRSQISMEQLEKLQGTLfsteeep 241
Cdd:PLN02202 172 VKLKEERFKGNHTAqveVGKIDTRHI-ERKTRKYFRYIGSLTTPPCSENVSWTILGKVRSMSKEQVELLRSPL------- 243

                        170
                 ....*....|....*....
gi 767908896 242 SKLLVQNYRALQPLNQRMV 260
Cdd:PLN02202 244 DKSFKNNSRPCQPLNGRRV 262
 
Name Accession Description Interval E-value
alpha_CA_XII_XIV cd03126
Carbonic anhydrase alpha, isozymes XII and XIV. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing ...
 50-264 1.00e-148

Carbonic anhydrase alpha, isozymes XII and XIV. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in a two-step mechanism: a nucleophilic attack of a zinc-bound hydroxide ion on carbon dioxide, followed by the regeneration of the active site by ionization of the zinc-bound water molecule and removal of a proton from the active site. They are ubiquitous enzymes involved in fundamental processes like photosynthesis, respiration, pH homeostasis and ion transport. There are three evolutionary distinct groups - alpha, beta and gamma carbonic anhydrases - which show no significant sequence identity or structural similarity. Most alpha CAs are monomeric enzymes. The zinc ion is complexed by three histidine residues. This sub-family comprises the membrane proteins CA XII and XIV.


Pssm-ID: 239400  Cd Length: 249  Bit Score: 418.09  E-value: 1.00e-148
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  50 VRPHGYDQPGTEPLDLHNNGHTVQLSLPSTLYLGGLPRKYVAAQLHLHWGQKGSPGGSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSDS 129
Cdd:cd03126   36 LEFHGYNVSGTEQFTLTNNGHTVQLSLPPTMHIGGLPFKYTASQLHLHWGQRGSPEGSEHTISGKHFAAELHIVHYNSDK 115

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 130 YDSLSEAAERPQGLAVLGILIEVGEtKNIAYEHILSHLHEVRHKDQKTSVPPFNLRELLPKQLGQYFRYNGSLTTPPCYQ 209
Cdd:cd03126  116 YPDISTAMNKSQGLAVLGILIEVGP-FNPSYEKIFSHLHEVKYKDQKVSVPGFNVQELLPKRLDEYYRYEGSLTTPPCYP 194

                        170       180       190       200       210
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 767908896 210 SVLWTVFYRRSQISMEQLEKLQGTLFSTEEEPSKLLVQNYRALQPLNQRMVFASF 264
Cdd:cd03126  195 SVLWTVFRNPVQISQEQLLALETALYSTEEDESREMVNNYRQVQPFNERLVFASF 249
alpha_CA_VI_IX_XII_XIV cd03123
Carbonic anhydrase alpha, isozymes VI, IX, XII and XIV. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are ...
 50-264 4.63e-131

Carbonic anhydrase alpha, isozymes VI, IX, XII and XIV. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in a two-step mechanism: a nucleophilic attack of a zinc-bound hydroxide ion on carbon dioxide, followed by the regeneration of the active site by ionization of the zinc-bound water molecule and removal of a proton from the active site. They are ubiquitous enzymes involved in fundamental processes like photosynthesis, respiration, pH homeostasis and ion transport. There are three evolutionary distinct groups - alpha, beta and gamma carbonic anhydrases - which show no significant sequence identity or structural similarity. Alpha CAs are mostly monomeric enzymes. The zinc ion is complexed by three histidine residues. This sub-family comprises the secreted CA VI, which is found in saliva, for example, and the membrane proteins CA IX, XII, and XIV.


Pssm-ID: 239397 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 248  Bit Score: 373.18  E-value: 4.63e-131
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  50 VRPHGYDQPGTEPLDLHNNGHTVQLSLPSTLYLGGLP-RKYVAAQLHLHWGQKGSPGGSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSD 128
Cdd:cd03123   36 LELVGYDLPGTEEFTLTNNGHTVQLSLPPTMHIRGGPgTEYTAAQLHLHWGGRGSLSGSEHTIDGIRFAAELHIVHYNSD 115

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 129 SYDSLSEAAERPQGLAVLGILIEVGETKNIAYEHILSHLHEVRHKDQKTSVPPFNLRELLPKQLGQYFRYNGSLTTPPCY 208
Cdd:cd03123  116 KYSSFDEAADKPDGLAVLAILIEVGYPENTYYEKIISHLHEIKYKGQETTVPGFNVRELLPEDLSHYYRYEGSLTTPPCY 195

                        170       180       190       200       210
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 767908896 209 QSVLWTVFYRRSQISMEQLEKLQGTLFSTEeepSKLLVQNYRALQPLNQRMVFASF 264
Cdd:cd03123  196 ESVLWTVFRDPVTLSKEQLETLENTLMDTH---NKTLQNNYRATQPLNGRVVEASF 248
Carb_anhydrase pfam00194
Eukaryotic-type carbonic anhydrase;
51-264 1.22e-97

Eukaryotic-type carbonic anhydrase;


Pssm-ID: 459707 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 252  Bit Score: 288.40  E-value: 1.22e-97
                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896   51 RPHGYDQPGTEPlDLHNNGHTVQLSL----PSTLYLGGLPRKYVAAQLHLHWGQKGSPGgSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYD 126
Cdd:pfam00194  38 TFQGYDVPPGKN-TLTNNGHTVQVSLddgdPSTISGGPLATRYRLVQFHFHWGSTDSRG-SEHTIDGKRYPAELHIVHYN 115

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  127 SDsYDSLSEAAERPQGLAVLGILIEVGETKNIAYEHILSHLHEVRHKDQKTSVPPFNLRELLPKQLGQYFRYNGSLTTPP 206
Cdd:pfam00194 116 SK-YKSFDEAAKHPDGLAVLGVFFEVGDENNPYLQPIVSALDNIKYKGKSVLLPPFDLSDLLPEDLTSYYTYNGSLTTPP 194

                         170       180       190       200       210
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 767908896  207 CYQSVLWTVFYRRSQISMEQLEKLQGTLFSTEEEPSKLLVQNYRALQPLNQRMVFASF 264
Cdd:pfam00194 195 CSESVTWIVFKEPISISEEQLEAFRTLLFSDGGEEPRPLVNNFRPTQPLNGRVVFASF 252
alpha_CA cd00326
Carbonic anhydrase alpha (vertebrate-like) group. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are ...
 55-261 5.30e-84

Carbonic anhydrase alpha (vertebrate-like) group. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in a two-step mechanism: a nucleophilic attack of a zinc-bound hydroxide ion on carbon dioxide, followed by the regeneration of the active site by ionization of the zinc-bound water molecule and removal of a proton from the active site. They are ubiquitous enzymes involved in fundamental processes like photosynthesis, respiration, pH homeostasis and ion transport. There are three evolutionary distinct groups - alpha, beta and gamma carbonic anhydrases - which show no significant sequence identity or structural similarity. Most alpha CAs are monomeric enzymes. The zinc ion is complexed by three histidine residues and a fourth conserved histidine plays a potential role in proton transfer.


Pssm-ID: 238200  Cd Length: 227  Bit Score: 252.97  E-value: 5.30e-84
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  55 YDQPGTEPLDLHNNGHTVQLSLP---STLYLGGLPRKYVAAQLHLHWGQKGSPGgSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSDSYD 131
Cdd:cd00326   25 FDYYPTTSLTLVNNGHTVQVNFDddgGTLSGGGLPGRYKLVQFHFHWGSENSPG-SEHTIDGKRYPLELHLVHYNSDYYS 103

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 132 SlsEAAERPQGLAVLGILIEVGETKNIAYEHILSHLHEVRHKDQKTSVPPFNLRELLPKQLGQYFRYNGSLTTPPCYQSV 211
Cdd:cd00326  104 S--EAAKKPGGLAVLGVFFEVGEKENPFLKKILDALPKIKYKGKETTLPPFDLSDLLPSSLRDYYTYEGSLTTPPCSEGV 181

                        170       180       190       200       210
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 212 LWTVFYRRSQISMEQLEKLQGTLFSTeeepSKLLVQNYRALQPLNQRMVF 261
Cdd:cd00326  182 TWIVFKEPITISKEQLEAFRSLLDRE----GKPLVNNYRPVQPLNGRVVY 227
Carb_anhydrase smart01057
Eukaryotic-type carbonic anhydrase; Carbonic anhydrases are zinc metalloenzymes which catalyse ...
 22-259 6.21e-84

Eukaryotic-type carbonic anhydrase; Carbonic anhydrases are zinc metalloenzymes which catalyse the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate.. CAs have essential roles in facilitating the transport of carbon dioxide and protons in the intracellular space, across biological membranes and in the layers of the extracellular space; they are also involved in many other processes, from respiration and photosynthesis in eukaryotes to cyanate degradation in prokaryotes. There are five known evolutionarily distinct CA families (alpha, beta, gamma, delta and epsilon) that have no significant sequence identity and have structurally distinct overall folds. Some CAs are membrane-bound, while others act in the cytosol; there are several related proteins that lack enzymatic activity. The active site of alpha-CAs is well described, consisting of a zinc ion coordinated through 3 histidine residues and a water molecule/hydroxide ion that acts as a potent nucleophile. The enzyme employs a two-step mechanism: in the first step, there is a nucleophilic attack of a zinc-bound hydroxide ion on carbon dioxide; in the second step, the active site is regenerated by the ionisation of the zinc-bound water molecule and the removal of a proton from the active site. Beta- and gamma-CAs also employ a zinc hydroxide mechanism, although at least some beta-class enzymes do not have water directly coordinated to the metal ion.


Pssm-ID: 215000 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 247  Bit Score: 253.39  E-value: 6.21e-84
                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896    22 WTYEGEQisrPPDNPFTLGPPHLAGRH---------TVRPHG--------YDQPGtePLDLHNNGHTVQLSLP---STLY 81
Cdd:smart01057   1 WGYEGKN---GPEHWGKLDPPFCGGKRqspidivtaEAQYDPslkplklsYDQPT--AKRILNNGHTVQVNFDddgSTLS 75

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896    82 LGGLPRKYVAAQLHLHWGQKGSPGgSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSDSydSLSEAAERPQGLAVLGILIEVGETKNIAYE 161
Cdd:smart01057  76 GGPLPGRYRLKQFHFHWGGSDSEG-SEHTIDGKRFPLELHLVHYNSKG--SFSEAVSKPGGLAVVAVFFKVGAEENPALQ 152

                          170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896   162 HILSHLHEVRHKDQKTSVPPFNLRELLPKQLGQYFRYNGSLTTPPCYQSVLWTVFYRRSQISMEQLEKLQgTLFSTEEEP 241
Cdd:smart01057 153 AILDHLPLIKYKGQETELTPFDLSSLLPASTRHYYTYNGSLTTPPCSEGVTWIVFKEPITISTEQLEKFR-TLLPMEGNE 231

                          250
                   ....*....|....*...
gi 767908896   242 SklLVQNYRALQPLNQRM 259
Cdd:smart01057 232 P--LVNNARPLQPLNGRV 247
alpha_CA_IV_XV_like cd03117
Carbonic anhydrase alpha, CA_IV, CA_XV, like isozymes. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are ...
 52-262 7.91e-82

Carbonic anhydrase alpha, CA_IV, CA_XV, like isozymes. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in a two-step mechanism: a nucleophilic attack of a zinc-bound hydroxide ion on carbon dioxide, followed by the regeneration of the active site by ionization of the zinc-bound water molecule and removal of a proton from the active site. They are ubiquitous enzymes involved in fundamental processes like photosynthesis, respiration, pH homeostasis and ion transport. There are three evolutionary distinct groups - alpha, beta and gamma carbonic anhydrases - which show no significant sequence identity or structural similarity. Most alpha CAs are monomeric enzymes. The zinc ion is complexed by three histidine residues. This subgroup, restricted to animals, contains isozyme IV and similar proteins such as mouse CA XV. Isozymes IV is attached to membranes via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) tail. In mammals, Isozyme IV plays crucial roles in kidney and lung function, amongst others. This subgroup also contains the dual domain CA from the giant clam, Tridacna gigas. T. gigas CA plays a role in the movement of inorganic carbon from the surrounding seawater to the symbiotic algae found in the clam's tissues. CA XV is expressed in several species but not in humans or chimps. Similar to isozyme CA IV, CA XV attaches to membranes via a GPI tail.


Pssm-ID: 239391  Cd Length: 234  Bit Score: 247.57  E-value: 7.91e-82
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  52 PHGYDQPgTEPLDLHNNGHTVQLSLPSTLYL--GGLPRKYVAAQLHLHWGQKGSPGgSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSdS 129
Cdd:cd03117   25 FTGYDDT-TTNWTITNNGHTVQVTLPDGAKIsgGGLPGTYKALQFHFHWGSNGSPG-SEHTIDGERYPMELHIVHIKE-S 101

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 130 YDSLSEAAERPQGLAVLGILIEVGETKNIAYEHILSHLHEVRHKDQKTSVPPFNLRELLPKQ-LGQYFRYNGSLTTPPCY 208
Cdd:cd03117  102 YNSLLEALKDSDGLAVLGFFIEEGEEENTNFDPLISALSNIPQKGGSTNLTPFSLRSLLPSVlLTKYYRYNGSLTTPGCN 181

                        170       180       190       200       210
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 767908896 209 QSVLWTVFYRRSQISMEQLEKLQGTLFSTEEEpSKLLVQNYRALQPLNQRMVFA 262
Cdd:cd03117  182 EAVIWTVFEEPIPISRAQLDAFSTVLFFDTDN-GQPMVNNFRPVQPLNGRVVYA 234
alpha_CA_IX cd03150
Carbonic anhydrase alpha, isozyme IX. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing enzymes ...
 34-264 9.39e-72

Carbonic anhydrase alpha, isozyme IX. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in a two-step mechanism: a nucleophilic attack of a zinc-bound hydroxide ion on carbon dioxide, followed by the regeneration of the active site by ionization of the zinc-bound water molecule and removal of a proton from the active site. They are ubiquitous enzymes involved in fundamental processes like photosynthesis, respiration, pH homeostasis and ion transport. There are three evolutionary distinct groups - alpha, beta and gamma carbonic anhydrases - which show no significant sequence identity or structural similarity. Alpha CAs are strictly monomeric enzymes. The zinc ion is complexed by three histidine residues. This sub-family comprises the membrane protein CA IX. CA IX is functionally implicated in tumor growth and survival. CA IX is mainly present in solid tumors and its expression in normal tissues is limited to the mucosa of alimentary tract. CA IX is a transmembrane protein with two extracellular domains: carbonic anhydrase and, a proteoglycan-like segment mediating cell-cell adhesion. There is evidence for an involvement of the MAPK pathway in the regulation of CA9 expression.


Pssm-ID: 239403  Cd Length: 247  Bit Score: 222.52  E-value: 9.39e-72
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  34 DNPFTLGPPHLAGRH----TVRPH--------------GYDQPGTEPLDLHNNGHTVQLSLPSTLYLG-GLPRKYVAAQL 94
Cdd:cd03150    2 QPPWPSVSPACAGRFqspvDIRPHlvafcpalrplellGFDLPPSPSLRLLNNGHTVQLSLPSGLRMAlGPGQEYRALQL 81

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  95 HLHWGQKGSPGgSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSdSYDSLSEAAERPQGLAVLGILIEVGETKNIAYEHILSHLHEVRHKD 174
Cdd:cd03150   82 HLHWGAAGRPG-SEHTVDGHRFPAEIHVVHLST-AFANLDEALGRPGGLAVLAAFLAEGLHENSAYEQLLSRLSEISEEE 159

                        170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 175 QKTSVPPFNLRELLPKQLGQYFRYNGSLTTPPCYQSVLWTVFYRRSQISMEQLEKLQGTLFSteeEPSKLLVQNYRALQP 254
Cdd:cd03150  160 SETVVPGLDVSALLPSDLSRYFRYEGSLTTPPCAQGVIWTVFNQTVRLSAKQLHTLSDSLWG---PHDSRLQLNFRATQP 236

                        250
                 ....*....|
gi 767908896 255 LNQRMVFASF 264
Cdd:cd03150  237 LNGRKIEASF 246
alpha_CA_VI cd03125
Carbonic anhydrase alpha, isozyme VI. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing enzymes ...
 54-264 1.95e-62

Carbonic anhydrase alpha, isozyme VI. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in a two-step mechanism: a nucleophilic attack of a zinc-bound hydroxide ion on carbon dioxide, followed by the regeneration of the active site by ionization of the zinc-bound water molecule and removal of a proton from the active site. They are ubiquitous enzymes involved in fundamental processes like photosynthesis, respiration, pH homeostasis and ion transport. There are three evolutionary distinct groups - alpha, beta and gamma carbonic anhydrases - which show no significant sequence identity or structural similarity. Most alpha CAs are monomeric enzymes. The zinc ion is complexed by three histidine residues. This sub-family comprises the secreted CA VI, which is found in saliva.


Pssm-ID: 239399  Cd Length: 249  Bit Score: 198.47  E-value: 1.95e-62
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  54 GYDQPGTEpLDLHNNGHTVQLSLPSTLYLG-GLPRKYVAAQLHLHWGQKGSP-GGSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSDsYD 131
Cdd:cd03125   40 GYEKEQGE-FTMTNNGHTVQIDLPPTMSITtGDGTVYTAVQMHFHWGGRDSEiSGSEHTIDGMRYVAELHIVHYNSK-YK 117

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 132 SLSEAAERPQGLAVLGILIEVGE-TKNIAYEHILSHLHEVRHKDQKTSVPPFNLRELLPKQLGQYFRYNGSLTTPPCYQS 210
Cdd:cd03125  118 SYEEAKDKPDGLAVLAFLYKVGHyAENTYYSDFISKLAKIKYAGQTTTLTSLDVRDMLPENLHHYYTYQGSLTTPPCTEN 197

                        170       180       190       200       210
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 767908896 211 VLWTVFYRRSQISMEQLEKLQGTLFSTEeepSKLLVQNYRALQPLNQRMVFASF 264
Cdd:cd03125  198 VLWFVFDDPVTLSKTQIVKLENTLMDHH---NKTIRNDYRRTQPLNHRVVEANF 248
alpha_CA_VII cd03149
Carbonic anhydrase alpha, CA isozyme VII_like subgroup. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are ...
 63-264 5.38e-52

Carbonic anhydrase alpha, CA isozyme VII_like subgroup. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in a two-step mechanism: a nucleophilic attack of a zinc-bound hydroxide ion on carbon dioxide, followed by the regeneration of the active site by ionization of the zinc-bound water molecule and removal of a proton from the active site. They are ubiquitous enzymes involved in fundamental processes like photosynthesis, respiration, pH homeostasis and ion transport. Most alpha CAs are monomeric enzymes. The zinc ion is complexed by three histidines. This vertebrate subgroup comprises isozyme VII. CA VII is the most active cytosolic enzyme after CA II, and may be highly expressed in the brain. Human CA VII may be a target of antiepileptic sulfonamides/sulfamates.


Pssm-ID: 239402  Cd Length: 236  Bit Score: 171.56  E-value: 5.38e-52
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  63 LDLHNNGHTVQLSL----PSTLYLGG-LPRKYVAAQLHLHWGQKGSpGGSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSDSYDSLSEAA 137
Cdd:cd03149   33 LSISNNGHSVMVEFddsdDKTVITGGpLENPYRLKQFHFHWGAKHG-SGSEHTVDGKTFPSELHLVHWNAKKYKSFGEAA 111

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 138 ERPQGLAVLGILIEVGEtKNIAYEHILSHLHEVRHKDQKTSVPPFNLRELLPKQLgQYFRYNGSLTTPPCYQSVLWTVFY 217
Cdd:cd03149  112 AAPDGLAVLGVFLETGD-EHPGLNRLTDALYMVRFKGTKAQFLDFNPKCLLPKSL-DYWTYPGSLTTPPLNESVTWIVLK 189

                        170       180       190       200
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 767908896 218 RRSQISMEQLEKLQGTLFSTEEEPSKLLVQNYRALQPLNQRMVFASF 264
Cdd:cd03149  190 EPIPVSEKQMGKFRELLFTSEEDQRNHMVNNFRPPQPLKGRTVRASF 236
alpha_CA_I_II_III_XIII cd03119
Carbonic anhydrase alpha, isozymes I, II, and III and XIII. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are ...
 55-264 1.21e-50

Carbonic anhydrase alpha, isozymes I, II, and III and XIII. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in a two-step mechanism: a nucleophilic attack of a zinc-bound hydroxide ion on carbon dioxide, followed by the regeneration of the active site by ionization of the zinc-bound water molecule and removal of a proton from the active site. They are ubiquitous enzymes involved in fundamental processes like photosynthesis, respiration, pH homeostasis and ion transport. Most alpha CAs are monomeric enzymes. The zinc ion is complexed by three histidines. This vertebrate subgroup comprises isozymes I, II, and III, which are cytoplasmic enzymes. CA I, for example, is expressed in erythrocyes of many vertebrates; CA II is the most active cytosolic isozyme; while it is being expressed nearly ubiquitously, it comprises 95% of the renal carbonic anhydrase and is required for renal acidification; CA III has been implicated in protection from the damaging effect of oxidizing agents in hepatocytes. CAXIII may play important physiological roles in several organs.


Pssm-ID: 239393 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 259  Bit Score: 168.77  E-value: 1.21e-50
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  55 YDqPGTEPLDLhNNGHTVQLSL-----PSTLYLGGLPRKYVAAQLHLHWGQkgSPG-GSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSd 128
Cdd:cd03119   51 YD-PATAKTIL-NNGHSFNVEFddtddRSVLRGGPLTGSYRLRQFHFHWGS--SDDhGSEHTVDGVKYAAELHLVHWNS- 125

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 129 SYDSLSEAAERPQGLAVLGILIEVGETKNiAYEHILSHLHEVRHKDQKTSVPPFNLRELLPKQLgQYFRYNGSLTTPPCY 208
Cdd:cd03119  126 KYGSFGEAAKQPDGLAVVGVFLKVGEANP-ELQKVLDALDSIKTKGKQAPFTNFDPSCLLPASL-DYWTYPGSLTTPPLL 203

                        170       180       190       200       210
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 767908896 209 QSVLWTVFYRRSQISMEQLEKLQGTLFSTEEEPSKLLVQNYRALQPLNQRMVFASF 264
Cdd:cd03119  204 ECVTWIVLKEPISVSSEQMAKFRSLLFNAEGEPPCPMVDNWRPPQPLKGRKVRASF 259
alpha_CARP_receptor_like cd03122
Carbonic anhydrase alpha related protein, receptor_like subfamily. Carbonic anhydrase related ...
 54-262 2.01e-49

Carbonic anhydrase alpha related protein, receptor_like subfamily. Carbonic anhydrase related proteins (CARPs) are sequence similar to carbonic anhydrases. Carbonic anhydrases are zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in a two-step mechanism. CARPs have lost conserved histidines involved in zinc binding and consequently their catalytic activity. This sub-family of carbonic anhydrase-related domains found in tyrosine phosphatase receptors may play a role in cell adhesion.


Pssm-ID: 239396 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 253  Bit Score: 165.22  E-value: 2.01e-49
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  54 GYDQPgTEPLDLHNNGHTVQLSL---PSTLYL--GGLPRKYVAAQLHLHWGQKGSpGGSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSD 128
Cdd:cd03122   41 GYEEL-TASTTLENTGKTVILRLegnSSDPFVsgGPLLGRYKFSEITFHWGTCNS-DGSEHSIDGHKFPLEMQILHRNTD 118

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 129 SYDSLsEAAERPQGLAVLGILIEVGETKNIAYEHILSHLHEVRHKDQKTSVPPFNLRELLPKQLGQYFRYNGSLTTPPCY 208
Cdd:cd03122  119 FFDSF-EAIKSPGGVLALAYLFELSHEDNPFLDPIIEGLRNVSRPGKEVELPPFPLSDLLPPFTDKYYSYEGSLTTPPCS 197

                        170       180       190       200       210
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 767908896 209 QSVLWTVFYRRSQISMEQLEKLqGTLFSTEEEPSKL---LVQNYRALQPLNQRMVFA 262
Cdd:cd03122  198 ETVEWIVFREPVPISSRQLEAF-RELLTRRQDGVMSgdyLPNNGRPQQPLGSRTVFS 253
Cah COG3338
Carbonic anhydrase [Inorganic ion transport and metabolism];
15-263 1.88e-44

Carbonic anhydrase [Inorganic ion transport and metabolism];


Pssm-ID: 442567 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 247  Bit Score: 151.96  E-value: 1.88e-44
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  15 AADGGQHWTYEGEQisrppdnpftlGPPHLAG-------------------RHTVRPHgydqpgTEPLDLH--------- 66
Cdd:COG3338   21 AAASAPHWSYEGET-----------GPEHWGElspefatcatgknqspidiRTAIKAD------LPPLKFDykptpleiv 83

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  67 NNGHTVQLSLP--STLYLGGlpRKYVAAQLHLHwgqkgSPggSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSDSydslseaaerpqGLA 144
Cdd:COG3338   84 NNGHTIQVNVDpgSTLTVDG--KRYELKQFHFH-----TP--SEHTINGKSYPMEAHLVHKDADG------------ELA 142

                        170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 145 VLGILIEVGETkNIAYEHILSHLHEVRHkDQKTSVPPFNLRELLPKQLGqYFRYNGSLTTPPCYQSVLWTVFYRRSQISM 224
Cdd:COG3338  143 VVGVLFEEGAE-NPALAKLWANLPLEAG-EEVALDATIDLNDLLPEDRS-YYRYSGSLTTPPCSEGVLWIVLKQPITVSA 219

                        250       260       270
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 767908896 225 EQLEKLQgtlfsteeepsKLLVQNYRALQPLNQRMVFAS 263
Cdd:COG3338  220 EQIEAFA-----------RLYPNNARPVQPLNGRLILES 247
alpha_CA_V cd03118
Carbonic anhydrase alpha, CA isozyme V_like subgroup. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are ...
 63-264 2.56e-44

Carbonic anhydrase alpha, CA isozyme V_like subgroup. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in a two-step mechanism: a nucleophilic attack of a zinc-bound hydroxide ion on carbon dioxide, followed by the regeneration of the active site by ionization of the zinc-bound water molecule and removal of a proton from the active site. They are ubiquitous enzymes involved in fundamental processes like photosynthesis, respiration, pH homeostasis and ion transport. Most alpha CAs are monomeric enzymes. The zinc ion is complexed by three histidines. This vertebrate subgroup comprises isozyme V. CA V is the mitochondrial isozyme, which may play a role in gluconeogenesis and ureagenesis and possibly also in lipogenesis.


Pssm-ID: 239392  Cd Length: 236  Bit Score: 151.53  E-value: 2.56e-44
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  63 LDLHNNGHTVQLSL-----PSTLYLGGLPRKYVAAQLHLHWGQKGSpGGSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSDSYDSLSEAA 137
Cdd:cd03118   33 LYIWNNGYSFQVEFddstdKSGISGGPLENHYRLKQFHFHWGANNE-WGSEHTVDGHTYPAELHLVHWNSVKYENFEEAV 111

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 138 ERPQGLAVLGILIEVGEtKNIAYEHILSHLHEVRHKDQKTSVPPFNLRELLPkQLGQYFRYNGSLTTPPCYQSVLWTVFY 217
Cdd:cd03118  112 MEENGLAVIGVFLKLGA-HHEGLQKLVDALPEVRHKDTVVEFNPFDPSCLLP-ACRDYWTYPGSLTTPPLTESVTWIIQK 189

                        170       180       190       200
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 767908896 218 RRSQISMEQLEKLQGTLFSTEEEPSKLLVQNYRALQPLNQRMVFASF 264
Cdd:cd03118  190 QPIEVSPSQLSVFRTLLFTSRGEEEKVMVNNFRPLQPLMNRKVRSSF 236
alpha_CA_prokaryotic_like cd03124
Carbonic anhydrase alpha, prokaryotic-like subfamily. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are ...
 57-260 1.20e-43

Carbonic anhydrase alpha, prokaryotic-like subfamily. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in a two-step mechanism: a nucleophilic attack of a zinc-bound hydroxide ion on carbon dioxide, followed by the regeneration of the active site by ionization of the zinc-bound water molecule and removal of a proton from the active site. They are ubiquitous enzymes involved in fundamental processes like photosynthesis, respiration, pH homeostasis and ion transport. Most alpha CAs are monomeric enzymes. The zinc ion is complexed by three histidines. This sub-family includes bacterial carbonic anhydrase alpha, as well as plant enzymes such as tobacco nectarin III and yam dioscorin and, carbonic anhydrases from molluscs, such as nacrein, which are part of the organic matrix layer in shells. Other members of this family may be involved in maintaining pH balance, in facilitating transport of carbon dioxide or carbonic acid, or in sensing carbon dioxide levels in the environment. Dioscorin is the major storage protein of yam tubers and may play a role as an antioxidant. Tobacco Nectarin may play a role in the maintenace of pH and oxidative balance in nectar. Mollusc nacrein may participate in calcium carbonate crystal formation of the nacreous layer. This subfamily also includes three alpha carbonic anhydrases from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (CAH 1-3). CAHs1-2 are localized in the periplasmic space. CAH1 faciliates the movement of carbon dioxide across the plasma membrane when the medium is alkaline. CAH3 is localized to the thylakoid lumen and provides CO2 to Rubisco.


Pssm-ID: 239398 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 216  Bit Score: 148.96  E-value: 1.20e-43
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  57 QPGTEPLDLHNNGHTVQLSLP---STLYLGGlpRKYVAAQLHLHwgqkgSPggSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSDsydsl 133
Cdd:cd03124   42 NYKPTSATLVNNGHTIQVNFEgngGTLTIDG--ETYQLLQFHFH-----SP--SEHLINGKRYPLEAHLVHKSKD----- 107

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 134 seaaerpQGLAVLGILIEVGETkNIAYEHILSHLHEVrhKDQKTSVPPF-NLRELLPKQLGqYFRYNGSLTTPPCYQSVL 212
Cdd:cd03124  108 -------GQLAVVAVLFEEGKE-NPFLKKILDNMPKK--EGTEVNLPAIlDPNELLPESRS-YYRYEGSLTTPPCSEGVR 176

                        170       180       190       200
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 767908896 213 WTVFYRRSQISMEQLEKLQGTLFSTeeepskllvqNYRALQPLNQRMV 260
Cdd:cd03124  177 WIVLKQPITISKEQLAKFRAAVYPN----------NARPVQPLNGREV 214
alpha_CARP_VIII cd03120
Carbonic anhydrase alpha related protein, group VIII. Carbonic anhydrase related proteins ...
 41-264 2.04e-37

Carbonic anhydrase alpha related protein, group VIII. Carbonic anhydrase related proteins (CARPs) are sequence similar to carbonic anhydrases. Carbonic anhydrases are zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in a two-step mechanism. CARPs have lost conserved histidines involved in zinc binding and consequently their catalytic activity. CARP VIII may play roles in various biological processes of the central nervous system, and could be involved in protein-protein interactions. CARP VIII has been shown to bind inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) receptor type I (IP3RI), reducing the affinity of the receptor for IP3. IP3RI is an intracellular IP3-gated Ca2+ channel located on intracellular Ca2+ stores. IP3RI converts IP3 signaling into Ca2+ signaling thereby participating in a variety of cell functions.


Pssm-ID: 239394  Cd Length: 256  Bit Score: 134.21  E-value: 2.04e-37
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  41 PPHLAGRHTVRPHGYDQPGTEP-------LDLHNNGHTVQLSLPSTLYLGG--LPR--KYVAAQLHLHWGQKGSPGgSEH 109
Cdd:cd03120   18 PINLNSREARYDPSLLEVRLSPnyvvcrdCEVINDGHTIQIILKSKSVLSGgpLPQghEFELAEVRFHWGRENQRG-SEH 96

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 110 QINSEATFAELHIVHYDSDSYDSLSEAAERPQGLAVLGILIEVGEtKNIAYEHILSHLHEVRHKDQKTSVPPFNLRELLP 189
Cdd:cd03120   97 TVNFKAFPMELHLIHWNSTLYSSLEEAMGKPHGIAIIALFVQIGK-EHVGLKAVTEILQDIQYKGKSKTIPCFNPNTLLP 175

                        170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 190 K-QLGQYFRYNGSLTTPPCYQSVLWTVF---YRRSQISMEQLEKLQGTLFSTE--EEPSKLLVQNYRALQPLNQRMVFAS 263
Cdd:cd03120  176 DpLLRDYWVYEGSLTTPPCSEGVTWILFrypLTISQSQIEEFRRLRTHVKGAElvEGCDGLLGDNFRPTQPLSDRVIRAA 255


                 .
gi 767908896 264 F 264
Cdd:cd03120  256 F 256
alpha_CARP_X_XI_like cd03121
Carbonic anhydrase alpha related protein: groups X, XI and related proteins. This subgroup ...
 65-260 2.01e-35

Carbonic anhydrase alpha related protein: groups X, XI and related proteins. This subgroup contains carbonic anhydrase related proteins (CARPs) X and XI, which have been implicated in various biological processes of the central nervous system. CARPs are sequence similar to carbonic anhydrases. Carbonic anhydrases are zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in a two-step mechanism. CARPs have lost conserved histidines involved in zinc binding and consequently their catalytic activity. CARP XI plays a role in the development of gastrointestinal stromal tumors.


Pssm-ID: 239395 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 256  Bit Score: 128.69  E-value: 2.01e-35
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  65 LHNNGHTVQLSL---PSTLYLGG-LPRKYVAAQLHLHWGQKGSpGGSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSDSYDSLSEAAERP 140
Cdd:cd03121   52 FYNTGRHVSFRPdkdPVVNISGGpLSYRYRLEEIRLHFGREDE-QGSEHTVNGQAFPGEVQLIHYNSELYPNFSEASKSP 130

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 141 QGLAVLGILIEVGETKNIAYEHIL--SHLHEVRHKDQKTSVPPFNLRELLPKQLGqYFRYNGSLTTPPCYQSVLWTVFYR 218
Cdd:cd03121  131 NGLVIVSLFVKIGETSNPELRRLTnrDTITSIRYKGDAYFLQDLSIELLLPETDH-YITYEGSLTSPGCHETVTWIILNK 209

                        170       180       190       200
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 767908896 219 RSQISMEQLEKLqGTLFSTEEEPSKL-LVQNYRALQPLNQRMV 260
Cdd:cd03121  210 PIYITKEQMHSL-RLLSQNSPSQEKApMSPNFRPVQPLNNRPV 251
PLN02202 PLN02202
carbonate dehydratase
 87-260 1.21e-12

carbonate dehydratase


Pssm-ID: 177853 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 284  Bit Score: 67.00  E-value: 1.21e-12
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  87 RKYVAAQLHLHwgqkgSPggSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHYDSDSydslseaaerpqGLAVLGILIEVGETKNI--AYEHIL 164
Cdd:PLN02202 111 KNYTLLQMHWH-----TP--SEHHLHGVQYAAELHMVHQAKDG------------SFAVVASLFKIGTEEPFlsQMKDKL 171

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896 165 SHLHEVRHKDQKTS---VPPFNLRELlPKQLGQYFRYNGSLTTPPCYQSVLWTVFYRRSQISMEQLEKLQGTLfsteeep 241
Cdd:PLN02202 172 VKLKEERFKGNHTAqveVGKIDTRHI-ERKTRKYFRYIGSLTTPPCSENVSWTILGKVRSMSKEQVELLRSPL------- 243

                        170
                 ....*....|....*....
gi 767908896 242 SKLLVQNYRALQPLNQRMV 260
Cdd:PLN02202 244 DKSFKNNSRPCQPLNGRRV 262
PLN02179 PLN02179
carbonic anhydrase
 89-218 2.02e-09

carbonic anhydrase


Pssm-ID: 177835  Cd Length: 235  Bit Score: 56.91  E-value: 2.02e-09
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 767908896  89 YVAAQLHLHwgqkgSPggSEHQINSEATFAELHIVHydsdsydslSEAAERPqglAVLGILIEVGETKNIAYEhILSHLH 168
Cdd:PLN02179 120 YKLVQCHWH-----SP--SEHTINGTSYDLELHMVH---------TSASGKT---AVVGVLYKLGEPDEFLTK-LLNGIK 179

                         90       100       110       120       130
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 767908896 169 EVRHKDQKTS-VPPFNLRellpKQLGQYFRYNGSLTTPPCYQSVLWTVFYR 218
Cdd:PLN02179 180 GVGKKEINLGiVDPRDIR----FETNNFYRYIGSLTIPPCTEGVIWTVVKR 226
 
Blast search parameters
Data Source: Precalculated data, version = cdd.v.3.21
Preset Options:Database: CDSEARCH/cdd   Low complexity filter: no  Composition Based Adjustment: yes   E-value threshold: 0.01

References:

  • Wang J et al. (2023), "The conserved domain database in 2023", Nucleic Acids Res.51(D)384-8.
  • Lu S et al. (2020), "The conserved domain database in 2020", Nucleic Acids Res.48(D)265-8.
  • Marchler-Bauer A et al. (2017), "CDD/SPARCLE: functional classification of proteins via subfamily domain architectures.", Nucleic Acids Res.45(D)200-3.
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