B-box-type 1 zinc finger found in RING finger protein 207 (RNF207) and similar proteins; RNF207 is a cardiac-specific E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays an important role in the regulation of cardiac repolarization. It regulates action potential duration, likely via effects on human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) trafficking and localization, in a heat shock protein-dependent manner. RNF207 contains a RING finger, a B-box motif and Bbox C-terminal (BBC) domain, as well as a C-terminal non-homologous region (CNHR). The B-box motif shows high sequence similarity with B-Box-type 1 zinc finger found in tripartite motif-containing proteins (TRIMs). The type 1 B-box (Bbox1) zinc finger is characterized by a C6H2 zinc-binding consensus motif.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 755509843  97 RCANCDLECSqqdaeTTYFCNTCGQPLCARCREETHRARMFARHDIVALGQRSR 150
Cdd:cd19814    1 QCANCDSECL-----AMFYCNTCGQPLCDDCREETHRAKMFSKHEVVSLSKRTK 49

B-box-type 1 zinc finger found in RING finger protein 207 (RNF207) and similar proteins; RNF207 is a cardiac-specific E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays an important role in the regulation of cardiac repolarization. It regulates action potential duration, likely via effects on human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) trafficking and localization, in a heat shock protein-dependent manner. RNF207 contains a RING finger, a B-box motif and Bbox C-terminal (BBC) domain, as well as a C-terminal non-homologous region (CNHR). The B-box motif shows high sequence similarity with B-Box-type 1 zinc finger found in tripartite motif-containing proteins (TRIMs). The type 1 B-box (Bbox1) zinc finger is characterized by a C6H2 zinc-binding consensus motif.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 755509843  97 RCANCDLECSqqdaeTTYFCNTCGQPLCARCREETHRARMFARHDIVALGQRSR 150
Cdd:cd19814    1 QCANCDSECL-----AMFYCNTCGQPLCDDCREETHRAKMFSKHEVVSLSKRTK 49

B-Box-type zinc finger;

                           10        20        30        40
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 755509843    94 EAVRCANCdlecsqQDAETTYFCNTCGQPLCARCREETHR 133
Cdd:smart00336   2 RAPKCDSH------GDEPAEFFCEECGALLCRTCDEAEHR 35

B-box zinc finger;

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 755509843   93 SEAVRCANCDLEcsqqdaETTYFCNTCGQPLCARCREETHRarmfaRHDIVAL 145
Cdd:pfam00643   1 SKERLCPEHEEE------PLTLYCNDCQELLCEECSVGEHR-----GHTVVPL 42

DNA repair protein rad18; All proteins in this family for which functions are known are involved in nucleotide excision repair.This family is based on the phylogenomic analysis of JA Eisen (1999, Ph.D. Thesis, Stanford University). [DNA metabolism, DNA replication, recombination, and repair]

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 755509843    8 PLEGLSALDAAsghpLVCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLRgRATDGRLSCPLC 63
Cdd:TIGR00599  16 PIPSLYPLDTS----LRCHICKDFFDVPVLTSCSHTFCSLCIR-RCLSNQPKCPLC 66

B-box-type 1 zinc finger found in RING finger protein 207 (RNF207) and similar proteins; RNF207 is a cardiac-specific E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays an important role in the regulation of cardiac repolarization. It regulates action potential duration, likely via effects on human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) trafficking and localization, in a heat shock protein-dependent manner. RNF207 contains a RING finger, a B-box motif and Bbox C-terminal (BBC) domain, as well as a C-terminal non-homologous region (CNHR). The B-box motif shows high sequence similarity with B-Box-type 1 zinc finger found in tripartite motif-containing proteins (TRIMs). The type 1 B-box (Bbox1) zinc finger is characterized by a C6H2 zinc-binding consensus motif.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 755509843  97 RCANCDLECSqqdaeTTYFCNTCGQPLCARCREETHRARMFARHDIVALGQRSR 150
Cdd:cd19814    1 QCANCDSECL-----AMFYCNTCGQPLCDDCREETHRAKMFSKHEVVSLSKRTK 49

RING finger, HC subclass, found in tripartite motif-containing protein TRIM65 and similar proteins; TRIM65 is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that interacts with the innate immune receptor MDA5, enhancing its ability to stimulate interferon-beta signaling. It functions as a potential oncogenic protein that negatively regulates p53 through ubiquitination, providing insight into the development of novel approaches targeting TRIM65 for non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) treatment, and also overcoming chemotherapy resistance. Moreover, TRIM65 negatively regulates microRNA-driven suppression of mRNA translation by targeting TNRC6 proteins for ubiquitination and degradation. TRIM65 belongs to the C-IV subclass of the TRIM (tripartite motif) family of proteins that are defined by their N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domains, including three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, Bbox1 and Bbox2, and a coiled coil region, as well as a B30.2/SPRY (SplA and ryanodine receptor) domain positioned C-terminal to the RBCC domain.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 755509843  23 LVCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLRG---RATDGRLSCPLC 63
Cdd:cd16609    4 LTCSICLGLYQDPVTLPCQHSFCRACIEDhwrQKDEGSFSCPEC 47

RING finger, HC subclass, found in RING finger protein 213 (RNF213) and similar proteins; RNF213, also known as ALK lymphoma oligomerization partner on chromosome 17 or Moyamoya steno-occlusive disease-associated AAA+ and RING finger protein (mysterin), is an intracellular soluble protein that functions as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase and AAA+ ATPase, which possibly contributes to vascular development through mechanical processes in the cell. It plays a unique role in endothelial cells for proper gene expression in response to inflammatory signals from the environment. Mutations in RNF213 may be associated with Moyamoya disease (MMD), an idiopathic cerebrovascular occlusive disorder prevalent in East Asia. It also acts as a nuclear marker for acanthomorph phylogeny. RNF213 contains two tandem enzymatically active AAA+ ATPase modules and a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger. It can form a huge ring-shaped oligomeric complex.

                         10        20        30
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 755509843  25 CPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLRgRATDGRLSCPLC 63
Cdd:cd16561    5 CSICLEDLNDPVKLPCDHVFCEECIR-QWLPGQMSCPLC 42

RING finger, HC subclass, found in tripartite motif-containing protein TRIM4 and similar proteins; TRIM4 belongs to the C-IV subclass of the TRIM (tripartite motif) family of proteins that are defined by their N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domains, including three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, Bbox2, and a coiled coil region, as well as a SPRY/B30.2 domain positioned C-terminal to the RBCC domain. TRIM4, also known as RING finger protein 87 (RNF87), is a cytoplasmic E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that has recently evolved and is present only in higher mammals. It transiently interacts with mitochondria, induces mitochondrial aggregation and sensitizes the cells to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced death. Its interaction with peroxiredoxin 1 (PRX1) is critical for the regulation of H2O2 induced cell death. Moreover, TRIM4 functions as a positive regulator of RIG-I-mediated type I interferon induction. It regulates the K63-linked ubiquitination of RIG-1 and assembly of antiviral signaling complex at the mitochondria.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 755509843  23 LVCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLRGR--ATDGRLSCPLCQHQTlvkGPSGLPP 77
Cdd:cd16590    7 LTCPICLDYFQDPVSIECGHNFCRGCLHRNwaPGGGPFPCPECRHPS---APAALRP 60

RING finger, HC subclass, found in tripartite motif-containing proteins TRIM9, TRIM67, and similar proteins; Tripartite motif-containing proteins TRIM9 and TRIM67 belong to the C-I subclass of the TRIM (tripartite motif) family of proteins that are defined by their N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domains, consisting of three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, Bbox1 and Bbox2, and a coiled coil region, as well as a COS (carboxyl-terminal subgroup one signature) box, a fibronectin type III (FN3) domain, and a B30.2/SPRY (SplA and ryanodine receptor) domain positioned C-terminal to the RBCC domain. TRIM9 (the human ortholog of rat Spring), also known as RING finger protein 91 (RNF91), is a brain-specific E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase collaborating with an E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme UBCH5b. TRIM9 plays an important role in the regulation of neuronal functions and participates in neurodegenerative disorders through its ligase activity. TRIM67, also known as TRIM9-like protein (TNL), is a protein selectively expressed in the cerebellum. It interacts with PRG-1, an important molecule in the control of hippocampal excitability dependent on presynaptic LPA2 receptor signaling, and 80K-H, also known as glucosidase II beta, a protein kinase C substrate.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 755509843  23 LVCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGClrgrATDGRLSCPLC 63
Cdd:cd16576    4 LKCPVCGSLFTEPVILPCSHNLCLGC----ALNIQLTCPIC 40

RING finger, HC subclass, found in Arabidopsis thaliana protein KEEP ON GOING (KEG) and similar proteins; KEG, also called RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase KEG, is a RING E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates E2-dependent protein ubiquitination. It is essential for Arabidopsis growth and development. It acts as a negative regulator of abscisic acid signaling. It is required for ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE5 (ABI5) degradation, by mediating its ubiquitination. Together with EDR1, KEG may regulate endocytic trafficking and/or the formation of signaling complexes on trans-Golgi network (TGN)/ early endosome (EE) vesicles during stress responses. KEG is a multidomain protein that includes a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, a kinase domain, ankyrin repeats, and 12 HERC2-like (for HECT and RCC1-like) repeats.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 755509843  24 VCPLCHGQYE----RPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLR---GRATDGRLSCPLCQHQTLV 69
Cdd:cd23140    3 ECSVCSEGYNederVPLLLQCGHTFCKDCLSqmfIRCTDLTLKCPRCRQSVLV 55

RING finger, HC subclass, found in RING finger protein 39 (RNF39) and similar proteins; RNF39, also called protein HZFw, may play a role in prolonged long term-potentiation (LTP) maintenance. It is involved in the etiology of Behcet's disease (BD). It may also be involved in HIV-1 replication. RNF39 acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that inhibits retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptor (RLR) pathways by mediating K48-linked ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of DDX3X (DEAD-box RNA helicase 3, X-linked). RNF39 contains a typical C3HC4-type RING-HC finger.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 755509843  24 VCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCL----RGRATDGR----LSCPLC 63
Cdd:cd16592    6 TCPICLGYFKDPVILDCEHSFCRACIarhwGQEAMEGNgaegVFCPQC 53

RING finger, HC subclass, found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae POB3/SPT16 histone-associated protein 1 (ScPSH1) and similar proteins; ScPSH1 is a Cse4-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase that interacts with the kinetochore protein Pat1 and targets the degradation of budding yeast centromeric histone H3 variant, CENP-ACse4, which is essential for faithful chromosome segregation. ScPSH1 contains a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger and a DNA directed RNA polymerase domain.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 755509843  22 PLVCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLRGRATDGR-LSCPLCQH 65
Cdd:cd16568    4 TQECIICHEYLYEPMVTTCGHTYCYTCLNTWFKSNRsLSCPDCRT 48

RING finger, HC subclass, found in Candida albicans transcriptional regulator of yeast form adherence 3 (TRY3) and similar proteins; TRY3 acts as a transcription factor required for yeast cell adherence to silicone substrate. It contains a typical C3HC4-type RING-HC finger.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 755509843  25 CPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLRGRATDGRLSCPLCQHQTLVK 70
Cdd:cd23137    5 CPICMNVAWKPVRLECSHVFCLRCLVKAQKQKKDNCPLCRAKGAVK 50

RING finger, HC subclass, found in tripartite motif-containing proteins, TRIM7, TRIM11 and TRIM27, and similar proteins; TRIM7, TRIM11 and TRIM27, closely related tripartite motif-containing proteins, belong to the C-IV subclass of the TRIM (tripartite motif) family of proteins that are defined by their N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domains, including three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, Bbox2, and a coiled coil region, as well as a SPRY/B30.2 domain positioned C-terminal to the RBCC domain. TRIM7, also known as glycogenin-interacting protein (GNIP) or RING finger protein 90 (RNF90), is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates c-Jun/AP-1 activation by Ras signalling. Its phosphorylation and activation by MSK1 in response to direct activation by the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK pathway can stimulate TRIM7 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in mediating Lys63-linked ubiquitination of the AP-1 coactivator RACO-1, leading to RACO-1 protein stabilization. Moreover, TRIM7 binds and activates glycogenin, the self-glucosylating initiator of glycogen biosynthesis. TRIM11, also known as protein BIA1, or RING finger protein 92 (RNF92), is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in the development of the central nervous system. It is overexpressed in high-grade gliomas and promotes proliferation, invasion, migration and glial tumor growth. TRIM11 acts as a potential therapeutic target for congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) by mediating the degradation of CCHS-associated polyalanine-expanded Phox2b. TRIM11 modulates the function of neurogenic transcription factor Pax6 through the ubiquitin-proteosome system, and thus plays an essential role for Pax6-dependent neurogenesis. It also binds to and destabilizes a key component of the activator-mediated cofactor complex (ARC105), humanin, a neuroprotective peptide against Alzheimer's disease-relevant insults, and further regulates ARC105 function in transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) signaling. Moreover, TRIM11 negatively regulates retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-mediated interferon-beta (IFNbeta) production and antiviral activity by targeting TANK-binding kinase-1 (TBK1). It may contribute to the endogenous restriction of retroviruses in cells. It enhances N-tropic murine leukemia virus (N-MLV) entry by interfering with Ref1 restriction. It also suppresses the early steps of human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 transduction, resulting in decreased reverse transcripts. TRIM27, also known as RING finger protein 76 (RNF76), RET finger protein (RFP), or zinc finger protein RFP, is a nuclear E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that is highly expressed in testis and in various tumor cell lines. Expression of TRIM27 is associated with prognosis of colon and endometrial cancers. TRIM27 was first identified as a fusion partner of the RET receptor tyrosine kinase. It functions as a transcriptional repressor and associates with several proteins involved in transcriptional activity, such as enhancer of polycomb 1 (Epc1), a member of the Polycomb group proteins, and Mi-2beta, a main component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex, and the cell cycle regulator retinoblastoma protein (RB1). It also interacts with HDAC1, leading to downregulation of thioredoxin binding protein 2 (TBP-2), which inhibits the function of thioredoxin. Moreover, TRIM27 mediates Pax7-induced ubiquitination of MyoD in skeletal muscle atrophy. In addition, it inhibits muscle differentiation by modulating serum response factor (SRF) and Epc1. TRIM27 promotes a non-canonical polyubiquitination of PTEN, a lipid phosphatase that catalyzes PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 (PIP3) to PtdIns(4,5)P2 (PIP2). It is an IKKepsilon-interacting protein that regulates IkappaB kinase (IKK) function and negatively regulates signaling involved in the antiviral response and inflammation. TRIM27 also forms a protein complex with MBD4 or MBD2 or MBD3, and thus plays an important role in the enhancement of transcriptional repression through MBD proteins in tumorigenesis, spermatogenesis, and embryogenesis. It is a component of an estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) regulatory complex that is involved in estrogen receptor-mediated transcription in MCF-7 cells.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 755509843  23 LVCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLRG--RATDGRLSCPLC 63
Cdd:cd16594    6 LTCPICLDYFTDPVTLDCGHSFCRACIARcwEEPETSASCPQC 48

RING finger, HC subclass, found in tripartite motif-containing protein 10 (TRIM10) and similar proteins; TRIM10, also known as B30-RING finger protein (RFB30), RING finger protein 9 (RNF9), or hematopoietic RING finger 1 (HERF1), is a novel hematopoiesis-specific RING finger protein required for terminal differentiation of erythroid cells. TRIM10 belongs to the C-IV subclass of the TRIM (tripartite motif) family of proteins that are defined by their N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domains, including three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, Bbox1 and Bbox2, and a coiled coil region, as well as a B30.2/SPRY (SplA and ryanodine receptor) domain positioned C-terminal to the RBCC domain.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 755509843  25 CPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCL------RGRATDGRLSCPLCQHQ 66
Cdd:cd16593    8 CPICQGTLREPVTIDCGHNFCRACLtryceiPGPDLEEPPTCPLCKEP 55

B-Box-type zinc finger;

                           10        20        30        40
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 755509843    94 EAVRCANCdlecsqQDAETTYFCNTCGQPLCARCREETHR 133
Cdd:smart00336   2 RAPKCDSH------GDEPAEFFCEECGALLCRTCDEAEHR 35

Uncharacterized conserved protein, contains RING Zn-finger [General function prediction only];

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 755509843  22 PLVCPLCHGQYERPCLLD-CFHDFCTGCLRGRATDGRLSCPLCQHQTLV 69
Cdd:COG5222  274 SLKCPLCHCLLRNPMKTPcCGHTFCDECIGTALLDSDFKCPNCSRKDVL 322

RING finger, HC subclass, found in tripartite motif-containing protein 3 (TRIM3); TRIM3, also known as brain-expressed RING finger protein (BERP), RING finger protein 97 (RNF97), or RING finger protein 22 (RNF22), is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in the pathogenesis of various cancers. It functions as a tumor suppressor that regulates asymmetric cell division in glioblastoma. It binds to the cdk inhibitor p21(WAF1/CIP1) and regulates its availability that promotes cyclin D1-cdk4 nuclear accumulation. Moreover, TRIM3 plays an important role in the central nervous system (CNS). It is encoded by the gene BERP (brain-expressed RING finger protein), a unique p53-regulated gene that modulates seizure susceptibility and GABAAR cell surface expression. Furthermore, TRIM3 mediates activity-dependent turnover of postsynaptic density (PSD) scaffold proteins GKAP/SAPAP1 and is a negative regulator of dendritic spine morphology. In addition, TRIM3 may be involved in vesicular trafficking via its association with the cytoskeleton-associated-recycling or transport (CART) complex that is necessary for efficient transferrin receptor recycling, but not for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) degradation. It also regulates the motility of the kinesin superfamily protein KIF21B. TRIM3 belongs to the C-VII subclass of the TRIM (tripartite motif)-NHL family that is defined by their N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domains, including three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, Bbox1 and Bbox2, and a coiled coil domain, as well as a NHL (named after proteins NCL-1, HT2A and Lin-41 that contain repeats folded into a six-bladed beta propeller) repeat domain positioned C-terminal to the RBCC domain.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 755509843  23 LVCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLRGR--ATDGRLSCPLCQ 64
Cdd:cd16768    5 LVCSICLDRYHNPKVLPCLHTFCERCLQNYipPQSLTLSCPVCR 48

RING finger, HC subclass, found in tripartite motif-containing protein 8 (TRIM8) and similar proteins; TRIM8, also known as glioblastoma-expressed RING finger protein (GERP) or RING finger protein 27 (RNF27), is a probable E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that may promote proteasomal degradation of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) and further regulate interferon-gamma signaling. It functions as a new p53 modulator that stabilizes p53 impairing its association with MDM2 and inducing the reduction of cell proliferation. TRIM8 deficit dramatically impairs p53 stabilization and activation in response to chemotherapeutic drugs. TRIM8 also modulates tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)-triggered nuclear factor-kappaB (NF- kappa B) activation by targeting transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) activated kinase 1 (TAK1) for K63-linked polyubiquitination. Moreover, TRIM8 modulates translocation of phosphorylated STAT3 into the nucleus through interaction with Hsp90beta and consequently regulates transcription of Nanog in embryonic stem cells. It also interacts with protein inhibitor of activated STAT3 (PIAS3), which inhibits IL-6-dependent activation of STAT3. TRIM8 belongs to the C-V subclass of the TRIM (tripartite motif) family of proteins that are defined by their N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domains, including three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, Bbox1 and Bbox2, and a coiled coil domain, as well as an uncharacterized region positioned C-terminal to the RBCC domain. The coiled coil domain is required for homodimerization and the region immediately C-terminal to the RING motif is sufficient to mediate the interaction with SOCS1.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 755509843  23 LVCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCL-RGRATD-GRLSCPLCQH 65
Cdd:cd16580   12 LICPICLHVFVEPVQLPCKHNFCRGCIgEAWAKDaGLVRCPECNQ 56

RING finger, HC subclass, found in RING finger protein 40 (RNF40); RNF40, also known as BRE1B or 95 kDa retinoblastoma-associated protein (RBP95), was identified as a novel leucine zipper retinoblastoma protein (pRb)-associated protein that may function as a regulation factor in RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription and/or transcriptional processing. RNF40 also functions as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that forms a heterodimeric complex with BRE1B, also known as RNF40, to facilitate the K120 monoubiquitination of histone H2B (H2Bub1), a DNA damage-induced histone modification that is crucial for recruitment of the chromatin remodeler SNF2h to DNA double-strand break (DSB) damage sites. It cooperates with SUPT16H to induce dynamic changes in chromatin structure during DSB repair. RNF40 contains a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger at the C-terminus.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 755509843  23 LVCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLRGRATDGRLSCPLC 63
Cdd:cd16815   24 LTCPCCNTRKKDAVLTKCFHVFCFECVKTRYESRQRKCPKC 64

RING finger, HC subclass, found in bifunctional apoptosis regulator (BAR); BAR, also known as RING finger protein 47, was originally identified as an inhibitor of Bax-induced apoptosis. It participates in the block of apoptosis induced by TNF-family death receptors (extrinsic pathway) and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis (intrinsic pathway). BAR is predominantly expressed by neurons in the central nervous system and is involved in the regulation of neuronal survival. It is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase that interacts with BI-1 protein and post-translationally regulates its stability, as well as functioning in ER stress. BAR contains an N-terminal C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, a SAM domain, a coiled-coil domain, and a C-terminal transmembrane (TM) domain. This model corresponds to the RING-HC finger responsible for the binding of ubiquitin conjugating enzymes (E2s).

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 755509843  25 CPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCL-RGRATDGRLSCPLCQHQ 66
Cdd:cd16497    4 CHCCYDLLVNPTTLNCGHSFCRHCLaLWWKSSKKTECPECRQK 46

RING finger, HC subclass, found in RING finger protein 168 (RNF168) and similar proteins; RNF168 is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that promotes noncanonical K27 ubiquitination to signal DNA damage. It, together with RNF8, functions as a DNA damage response (DDR) factor that promotes a series of ubiquitylation events on substrates, such as H2A and H2AX with H2AK13/15 ubiquitylation, facilitates recruitment of repair factors p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) or the RAP80-BRCA1 complex to sites of double-strand breaks (DSBs), and inhibits homologous recombination (HR) in cells deficient in the tumor suppressor BRCA1. RNF168 also promotes H2A neddylation, which antagonizes ubiquitylation of H2A and regulates DNA damage repair. Moreover, RNF168 forms a functional complex with RAD6A or RAD6B during the DNA damage response. RNF168 contains an N-terminal C3HC4-type RING-HC finger that catalyzes H2A-K15ub and interacts with H2A, and two MIU (motif interacting with ubiquitin) domains responsible for the interaction with K63 linked poly-ubiquitin.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 755509843  24 VCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLRGRATDGRLSCPLC 63
Cdd:cd16550    2 LCPICLEILVEPVTLPCNHTLCMPCFQSTVEKASLCCPLC 41

RING finger, HC subclass, found in promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) and similar proteins; Protein PML, also known as RING finger protein 71 (RNF71) or tripartite motif-containing protein 19 (TRIM19), is predominantly a nuclear protein with a broad intrinsic antiviral activity. It is the eponymous component of PML nuclear bodies (PML NBs) and has been implicated in a wide variety of cell processes, including DNA damage signaling, apoptosis, and transcription. PML interferes with the replication of many unrelated viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1), human foamy virus (HFV), poliovirus, influenza virus, rabies virus, EMCV, adeno-associated virus (AAV), and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). It also selectively interacts with misfolded proteins through distinct substrate recognition sites and conjugates these proteins with the small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMOs) through its SUMO ligase activity. PML belongs to the C-V subclass of the TRIM (tripartite motif) family of proteins that are defined by an N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domain, including three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, Bbox1 and Bbox2, and a coiled coil region, as well as an uncharacterized region positioned C-terminal to the RBCC domain.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 755509843  23 LVCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLRGRATD----GRLSCPLCQHQ 66
Cdd:cd16579    5 LRCPGCKAEYKCPKLLPCLHTVCSGCLEALAEQasetTEFQCPICKAS 52

RING finger, HC subclass, found in tripartite motif-containing protein 2 (TRIM2); TRIM2, also known as RING finger protein 86 (RNF86), is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that ubiquitinates the neurofilament light chain, a component of the intermediate filament in axons. Loss of function of TRIM2 results in early-onset axonal neuropathy. TRIM2 also plays a role in mediating the p42/p44 MAPK-dependent ubiquitination of the cell death-promoting protein Bcl-2-interacting mediator of cell death (Bim) in rapid ischemic tolerance. TRIM2 belongs to the C-VII subclass of the TRIM (tripartite motif)-NHL family that is defined by their N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domains, including three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, Bbox1 and Bbox2, and a coiled coil domain, as well as a NHL (named after proteins NCL-1, HT2A and Lin-41 that contain repeats folded into a six-bladed beta propeller) repeat domain positioned C-terminal to the RBCC domain.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 755509843  23 LVCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLRGR--ATDGRLSCPLCQH 65
Cdd:cd16767    7 LICSICLDRYKNPKVLPCLHTFCERCLQNYipAHSLTLSCPVCRQ 51

RING finger, HC subclass, found in RING finger proteins RNF113A, RNF113B, and similar proteins; RNF113A, also known as zinc finger protein 183 (ZNF183), is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that physically interacts with the E2 protein, UBE2U. A nonsense mutation in RNF113A is associated with an X-linked trichothiodystrophy (TTD). Its yeast ortholog Cwc24p is predicted to have a spliceosome function and acts in a complex with Cef1p to participate in pre-U3 snoRNA splicing, indirectly affecting pre-rRNA processing. It is also important for the U2 snRNP binding to primary transcripts and co-migrates with spliceosomes. Moreover, the ortholog of RNF113A in fruit flies may also act as a spliceosome and is hypothesized to be involved in splicing, namely within the central nervous system. The ortholog in Caenorhabditis elegans is involved in DNA repair of inter-strand crosslinks. RNF113B, also known as zinc finger protein 183-like 1, shows high sequence similarity with RNF113A. Both RNF113A and RNF113B contain a CCCH-type zinc finger, which is commonly found in RNA-binding proteins involved in splicing, and a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, which is frequently found in E3 ubiquitin ligases.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 755509843  18 ASGHPLVCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGC-LRGRATDGRlsCPLCQHQT 67
Cdd:cd16539    1 EEDLPFACFICRKPFKNPVVTKCGHYFCEKCaLKHYRKSKK--CFVCGKQT 49

first B-box-type 2 zinc finger found in tripartite motif-containing protein 23 (TRIM23) and similar proteins; TRIM23, also known as ADP-ribosylation factor domain-containing protein 1, GTP-binding protein ARD-1, or RING finger protein 46 (RNF46), is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase belonging to the C-IX subclass of TRIM (tripartite motif) family of proteins that are defined by an N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domains, including three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a RING finger, two Bbox2, and a coiled coil region, as well as C-terminal ADP ribosylation factor (ARF) domains. The type 2 B-box (Bbox2) zinc finger is characterized by a CHC3H2 zinc-binding consensus motif. TRIM23 is involved in nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB activation. It mediates atypical lysine 27 (K27)-linked polyubiquitin conjugation to NF-kappaB essential modulator NEMO, also known as IKKgamma, which plays an important role in the NF-kappaB pathway, and this conjugation is essential for TLR3- and RIG-I/MDA5-mediated antiviral innate and inflammatory responses. It also regulates adipocyte differentiation via stabilization of the adipogenic activator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) through atypical ubiquitin conjugation to PPARgamma. Moreover, TRIM23 interacts with and polyubiquitinates yellow fever virus (YFV) NS5 to promote its binding to STAT2 and trigger type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling inhibition.

                         10        20        30
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 755509843 111 ETTYFCNTCGQPLCARCREETHRARMFARHDIVALGQR 148
Cdd:cd19773   12 EATLYCTVCSTNLCEECFTSTHSTKTLSKHRRVPLSEK 49

RING finger, HC subclass, found in RING finger protein RNF20, RNF40, and similar proteins; RNF20, also known as BRE1A, and RNF40, also known as BRE1B, are E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases that work together to form a heterodimeric complex that facilitate the K120 monoubiquitination of histone H2B (H2Bub1), a DNA damage-induced histone modification that is crucial for recruitment of the chromatin remodeler SNF2h to DNA double-strand break (DSB) damage sites. RNF20 regulates the cell cycle and differentiation of neural precursor cells (NPCs) and links histone H2B ubiquitylation with inflammation and inflammation-associated cancer. RNF40, also known as 95 kDa retinoblastoma-associated protein (RBP95), was identified as a novel leucine zipper retinoblastoma protein (pRb)-associated protein that may function as a regulation factor in RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription and/or transcriptional processing. All subfamily members contain a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger at its C-terminus.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 755509843  23 LVCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLRGRATDGRLSCPLC 63
Cdd:cd16704   11 LTCPCCNTRKKDAVLTKCFHVFCFECLKTRYETRQRKCPKC 51

RING finger, HC subclass, found in Caenorhabditis elegans RING finger protein NHL-1 and similar proteins; NHL-1 functions as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase in the presence of both UBC-13 and UBC-1 within the ubiquitin pathway of Caenorhabditis elegans. It acts in chemosensory neurons to promote stress resistance in distal tissues by the transcription factor DAF-16 activation but is dispensable for the activation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF-1). NHL-1 belongs to the TRIM (tripartite motif)-NHL family of proteins that are defined by their N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domains, including three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, Bbox1 and Bbox2, and a coiled coil domain, as well as an NHL (named after proteins NCL-1, HT2A and Lin-41 that contain repeats folded into a six-bladed beta propeller) repeat domain positioned C-terminal to the RBCC domain.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 755509843  23 LVCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTG-CLRGRATDG--RLSCPLC 63
Cdd:cd16524    6 LTCPICLDRYRRPKLLPCQHTFCLSpCLEGLVDYVtrKLKCPEC 49

RING finger, HC subclass, found in tripartite motif-containing proteins TRIM5, TRIM6, TRIM22, TRIM34 and similar proteins; TRIM5, TRIM6, TRIM22, and TRIM34, four closely related tripartite motif-containing proteins, belong to the C-IV subclass of the TRIM (tripartite motif) family of proteins that are defined by their N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domains, including three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, Bbox1 and Bbox2, and a coiled coil region, as well as a B30.2/SPRY (SplA and ryanodine receptor) domain positioned C-terminal to the RBCC domain. TRIM5, also known as RING finger protein 88 (RNF88), is a capsid-specific restriction factor that prevents infection from non-host-adapted retroviruses in a species-specific manner by binding to and destabilizing the retroviral capsid lattice before reverse transcription is completed. Its retroviral restriction activity correlates with the ability to activate TAK1-dependent innate immune signaling. TRIM5 also acts as a pattern recognition receptor that activates innate immune signaling in response to the retroviral capsid lattice. Moreover, TRIM5 plays a role in regulating autophagy through activation of autophagy regulator BECN1 by causing its dissociation from its inhibitors BCL2 and TAB2. It also plays a role in autophagy by acting as a selective autophagy receptor which recognizes and targets HIV-1 capsid protein p24 for autophagic destruction. TRIM6, also known as RING finger protein 89 (RNF89), is an E3-ubiquitin ligase that cooperates with the E2-ubiquitin conjugase UbE2K to catalyze the synthesis of unanchored K48-linked polyubiquitin chains, and further stimulates the interferon-I kappa B kinase epsilon (IKKepsilon) kinase-mediated antiviral response. It also regulates the transcriptional activity of Myc during the maintenance of embryonic stem (ES) cell pluripotency, and may act as a novel regulator for Myc-mediated transcription in ES cells. TRIM22, also known as 50 kDa-stimulated trans-acting factor (Staf-50) or RING finger protein 94 (RNF94), is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays an integral role in the host innate immune response to viruses. It has been shown to inhibit the replication of a number of viruses, including HIV-1, hepatitis B, and influenza A. TRIM22 acts as a suppressor of basal HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)-driven transcription by preventing the transcription factor specificity protein 1 (Sp1) binding to the HIV-1 promoter. It also controls FoxO4 activity and cell survival by directing Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)-stimulated cells toward type I interferon (IFN) type I gene induction or apoptosis. Moreover, TRIM22 can activate the noncanonical nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway by activating I kappa B kinase alpha (IKKalpha). It also regulates nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2)-dependent activation of interferon-beta signaling and nuclear factor-kappaB. TRIM34, also known as interferon-responsive finger protein 1 or RING finger protein 21 (RNF21), may function as antiviral protein that contribute to the defense against retroviral infections.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 755509843  25 CPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLRG-----RATDGRLSCPLCQ 64
Cdd:cd16591    9 CPICLELLTEPLSLDCGHSFCQACITAnhkesVNQEGESSCPVCR 53

Zinc finger, C3HC4 type (RING finger); The C3HC4 type zinc-finger (RING finger) is a cysteine-rich domain of 40 to 60 residues that coordinates two zinc ions, and has the consensus sequence: C-X2-C-X(9-39)-C-X(1-3)-H-X(2-3)-C-X2-C-X(4-48)-C-X2-C where X is any amino acid. Many proteins containing a RING finger play a key role in the ubiquitination pathway.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 755509843   25 CPLCHGQYERPC-LLDCFHDFCTGCLRGRATDGRLSCPLC 63
Cdd:pfam00097   1 CPICLEEPKDPVtLLPCGHLFCSKCIRSWLESGNVTCPLC 40

RING finger, HC subclass, found in Arabidopsis thaliana protein BREAST CANCER SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 homolog (AtBRCA1) and similar proteins; AtBRCA1 plays a role in DNA repair and in cell-cycle control. It is required for the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), both natural and induced by genotoxic stress, by homologous recombination (HR). AtBRCA1 contains a typical C3HC4-type RING-HC finger.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 755509843  20 GHPLVCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLrGRATDGRLSCPLCQ 64
Cdd:cd23147    2 GKELKCPICLSLFKSAANLSCNHCFCAGCI-GESLKLSAICPVCK 45

RING finger, HC subclass, found in tripartite motif-containing protein TRIM21 and similar proteins; TRIM21, also known as 52 kDa Ro protein, 52 kDa ribonucleoprotein autoantigen Ro/SS-A, Ro(SS-A), RING finger protein 81 (RNF81), or Sjoegren syndrome type A antigen (SS-A), is a ubiquitously expressed E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase and a high affinity antibody receptor uniquely expressed in the cytosol of mammalian cells. As a cytosolic Fc receptor, TRIM21 binds the Fc of virus-associated antibodies and targets the complex in the cytosol for proteasomal degradation in a process known as antibody-dependent intracellular neutralization (ADIN), and provides an intracellular immune response to protect host defense against pathogen infection. It shows remarkably broad isotype specificity as it does not only bind IgG, but also IgM and IgA. Moreover, TRIM21 promotes the cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS and the cytosolic RNA sensor RIG-I sensing of viral genomes during infection by antibody-opsonized virus. It stimulates inflammatory signaling and activates innate transcription factors, such as nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). TRIM21 also plays an essential role in p62-regulated redox homeostasis, suggesting it may be a viable target for treating pathological conditions resulting from oxidative damage. Furthermore, TRIM21 may have implications for various autoimmune diseases associated with uncontrolled antiviral signaling through the regulation of Nmi-IFI35 complex-mediated inhibition of innate antiviral response. TRIM21 belongs to the C-IV subclass of the TRIM (tripartite motif) family of proteins that are defined by their N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domains, including three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, Bbox1 and Bbox2, and a coiled coil region, as well as a B30.2/SPRY (SplA and ryanodine receptor) domain positioned C-terminal to the RBCC domain.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 755509843  25 CPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLRGRATDGRLSCPLCQHQTLVK 70
Cdd:cd16596   12 CPICLDPFVEPVSIECGHSFCQECISQVGKGGGSVCPVCRQRFLLK 57

RING-type zinc-finger; This zinc-finger is a typical RING-type of plant ubiquitin ligases.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 755509843   25 CPLCHGQYERPcLLDCFHDFCTGCLR--GRATDGRLSCP 61
Cdd:pfam13445   1 CPICLELFTDP-VLPCGHTFCRECLEemSQKKGGKFKCP 38

RING finger, HC subclass, found in Arabidopsis thaliana BRCA1-associated RING domain protein 1 (AtBARD1) and similar proteins; AtBARD1, also called protein REPRESSOR OF WUSCHEL 1, binds specifically to H3K4me3 regions of target gene (e.g. WUS and WOX5) promoters to repress their transcription via chromatin remodeling. It is required for the shoot apical meristem (SAM) organization and maintenance, by confining WUS expression to the organizing center, and for the quiescent center (QC) development in the root apical meristem (RAM), by repressing WOX5 expression in the root proximal meristem. AtBARD1 plays a role in DNA repair and in cell-cycle control. It is required for the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), both natural and induced by genotoxic stress, by homologous recombination (HR). AtBARD1 contains a typical C3HC4-type RING-HC finger.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 755509843  23 LVCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLRgRATDGRLSCPLCQ 64
Cdd:cd23146    5 LKCPICLKLLNRPVLLPCDHIFCSSCIT-DSTKVGSDCPVCK 45

DNA repair protein rad18; All proteins in this family for which functions are known are involved in nucleotide excision repair.This family is based on the phylogenomic analysis of JA Eisen (1999, Ph.D. Thesis, Stanford University). [DNA metabolism, DNA replication, recombination, and repair]

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 755509843    8 PLEGLSALDAAsghpLVCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLRgRATDGRLSCPLC 63
Cdd:TIGR00599  16 PIPSLYPLDTS----LRCHICKDFFDVPVLTSCSHTFCSLCIR-RCLSNQPKCPLC 66

RING finger, HC subclass, found in E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Deltex3 (DTX3), Deltex-3-like (DTX3L) and similar proteins; This subfamily contains Deltex3 (DTX3) and Deltex-3-like (DTX3L), both of which are E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases belonging to the Deltex (DTX) family. DTX3, also known as RING finger protein 154 (RNF154), has a biological function that remains unclear. DTX3L, also known as B-lymphoma- and BAL-associated protein (BBAP) or Rhysin-2 (Rhysin2), regulates endosomal sorting of the G protein-coupled receptor CXCR4 from endosomes to lysosomes. It also regulates subcellular localization of its partner protein, B aggressive lymphoma (BAL), by a dynamic nucleocytoplasmic trafficking mechanism. In contrast to other DTXs, both DTX3 and DTX3L contain a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, and a previously unidentified C-terminal domain. DTX3L can associate with DTX1 through its unique N termini and further enhance self-ubiquitination.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 755509843  24 VCPLCHGQYERPCLLD-CFHDFCTGCLrGRATDGRLSCPLCQ 64
Cdd:cd16506    2 TCPICLDEIQNKKTLEkCKHSFCEDCI-DRALQVKPVCPVCG 42

RING finger, HC subclass, found in tripartite motif-containing protein 9 (TRIM9) and similar proteins; TRIM9, human ortholog of rat Spring, also known as RING finger protein 91 (RNF91), is a brain-specific E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase collaborating with an E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme UBCH5b. TRIM9 plays an important role in the regulation of neuronal functions and participates in the neurodegenerative disorders through its ligase activity. It interacts with the WD repeat region of beta-transducin repeat-containing protein (beta-TrCP) through its N-terminal degron motif depending on the phosphorylation status, and thus negatively regulates nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation in the NF-kappaB pro-inflammatory signaling pathway. Moreover, TRIM9 acts as a critical catalytic link between Netrin-1 and the exocytic soluble NSF attachment receptor protein (SNARE) machinery in murine cortical neurons. It promotes SNARE-mediated vesicle fusion and axon branching in a Netrin-dependent manner. TRIM9 belongs to the C-I subclass of the TRIM (tripartite motif) family of proteins that are defined by their N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domains, including three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, Bbox1 and Bbox2, and a coiled coil region, as well as a COS (carboxyl-terminal subgroup one signature) box, a fibronectin type III (FN3) domain, and a B30.2/SPRY (SplA and ryanodine receptor) domain positioned C-terminal to the RBCC domain.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 755509843  23 LVCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLR--------GRATDGRLSCPLCQ 64
Cdd:cd16755    4 LKCPVCGSFYREPIILPCSHNLCLACARnilvqtpeAESPQSCLTCPQCH 53

RING finger, HC subclass, found in tripartite motif-containing protein 40 (TRIM40) and similar proteins; TRIM40, also known as probable E3 NEDD8-protein ligase or RING finger protein 35 (RNF35), is highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract including the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. It enhances neddylation of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappaB kinase subunit gamma (IKKgamma), inhibits the activity of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB)-mediated transcription, and thus prevents inflammation-associated carcinogenesis in the gastrointestinal tract. TRIM40 belongs to the C-V subclass of the TRIM (tripartite motif) family of proteins that are defined by an N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domain, including three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, Bbox1 and Bbox2, and a coiled coil region, as well as an uncharacterized region positioned C-terminal to the RBCC domain.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 755509843  24 VCPLCHGQYERPCLLDCFHDFCTGCLRGRATD----GRLSCPLCQ 64
Cdd:cd16583    7 VCPICQEPLKEAVSTDCGHLFCRMCLTQHAKKasasGVFSCPVCR 51