cornulin [Homo sapiens]
Protein Classification
S-100 domain-containing protein( domain architecture ID 10082979)
S-100 domain-containing protein contains the Ca-binding EF-hand motif; similar to Homo sapiens S100 proteins that are implicated in intracellular and extracellular regulatory activities
List of domain hits
| Name | Accession | Description | Interval | E-value | ||||
| S-100 | cd00213 | S-100: S-100 domain, which represents the largest family within the superfamily of proteins ... |
2-89 | 1.40e-32 | ||||
S-100: S-100 domain, which represents the largest family within the superfamily of proteins carrying the Ca-binding EF-hand motif. Note that this S-100 hierarchy contains only S-100 EF-hand domains, other EF-hands have been modeled separately. S100 proteins are expressed exclusively in vertebrates, and are implicated in intracellular and extracellular regulatory activities. Intracellularly, S100 proteins act as Ca-signaling or Ca-buffering proteins. The most unusual characteristic of certain S100 proteins is their occurrence in extracellular space, where they act in a cytokine-like manner through RAGE, the receptor for advanced glycation products. Structural data suggest that many S100 members exist within cells as homo- or heterodimers and even oligomers; oligomerization contributes to their functional diversification. Upon binding calcium, most S100 proteins change conformation to a more open structure exposing a hydrophobic cleft. This hydrophobic surface represents the interaction site of S100 proteins with their target proteins. There is experimental evidence showing that many S100 proteins have multiple binding partners with diverse mode of interaction with different targets. In addition to S100 proteins (such as S100A1,-3,-4,-6,-7,-10,-11,and -13), this group includes the ''fused'' gene family, a group of calcium binding S100-related proteins. The ''fused'' gene family includes multifunctional epidermal differentiation proteins - profilaggrin, trichohyalin, repetin, hornerin, and cornulin; functionally these proteins are associated with keratin intermediate filaments and partially crosslinked to the cell envelope. These ''fused'' gene proteins contain N-terminal sequence with two Ca-binding EF-hands motif, which may be associated with calcium signaling in epidermal cells and autoprocessing in a calcium-dependent manner. In contrast to S100 proteins, "fused" gene family proteins contain an extraordinary high number of almost perfect peptide repeats with regular array of polar and charged residues similar to many known cell envelope proteins. : Pssm-ID: 238131 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 88 Bit Score: 119.13 E-value: 1.40e-32
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| ser_rich_anae_1 super family | cl41472 | serine-rich protein; This serine-rich protein belongs to a family with large size (over 1000 ... |
268-420 | 4.37e-07 | ||||
serine-rich protein; This serine-rich protein belongs to a family with large size (over 1000 amino acids), which a highly serine-rich central region that averages over 300 aa in length. Species encoding members of this family of proteins tend to be anaerobic bacteria, including Gram-positive bacteria of the human gut microbiome and Chloroflexi from marine sediments. The actual alignment was detected with superfamily member NF033849: Pssm-ID: 468206 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 1122 Bit Score: 52.70 E-value: 4.37e-07
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| Name | Accession | Description | Interval | E-value | |||||
| S-100 | cd00213 | S-100: S-100 domain, which represents the largest family within the superfamily of proteins ... |
2-89 | 1.40e-32 | |||||
S-100: S-100 domain, which represents the largest family within the superfamily of proteins carrying the Ca-binding EF-hand motif. Note that this S-100 hierarchy contains only S-100 EF-hand domains, other EF-hands have been modeled separately. S100 proteins are expressed exclusively in vertebrates, and are implicated in intracellular and extracellular regulatory activities. Intracellularly, S100 proteins act as Ca-signaling or Ca-buffering proteins. The most unusual characteristic of certain S100 proteins is their occurrence in extracellular space, where they act in a cytokine-like manner through RAGE, the receptor for advanced glycation products. Structural data suggest that many S100 members exist within cells as homo- or heterodimers and even oligomers; oligomerization contributes to their functional diversification. Upon binding calcium, most S100 proteins change conformation to a more open structure exposing a hydrophobic cleft. This hydrophobic surface represents the interaction site of S100 proteins with their target proteins. There is experimental evidence showing that many S100 proteins have multiple binding partners with diverse mode of interaction with different targets. In addition to S100 proteins (such as S100A1,-3,-4,-6,-7,-10,-11,and -13), this group includes the ''fused'' gene family, a group of calcium binding S100-related proteins. The ''fused'' gene family includes multifunctional epidermal differentiation proteins - profilaggrin, trichohyalin, repetin, hornerin, and cornulin; functionally these proteins are associated with keratin intermediate filaments and partially crosslinked to the cell envelope. These ''fused'' gene proteins contain N-terminal sequence with two Ca-binding EF-hands motif, which may be associated with calcium signaling in epidermal cells and autoprocessing in a calcium-dependent manner. In contrast to S100 proteins, "fused" gene family proteins contain an extraordinary high number of almost perfect peptide repeats with regular array of polar and charged residues similar to many known cell envelope proteins. Pssm-ID: 238131 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 88 Bit Score: 119.13 E-value: 1.40e-32
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| S_100 | pfam01023 | S-100/ICaBP type calcium binding domain; The S-100 domain is a subfamily of the EF-hand ... |
4-48 | 1.10e-12 | |||||
S-100/ICaBP type calcium binding domain; The S-100 domain is a subfamily of the EF-hand calcium binding proteins. Pssm-ID: 460028 Cd Length: 45 Bit Score: 62.07 E-value: 1.10e-12
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| ser_rich_anae_1 | NF033849 | serine-rich protein; This serine-rich protein belongs to a family with large size (over 1000 ... |
268-420 | 4.37e-07 | |||||
serine-rich protein; This serine-rich protein belongs to a family with large size (over 1000 amino acids), which a highly serine-rich central region that averages over 300 aa in length. Species encoding members of this family of proteins tend to be anaerobic bacteria, including Gram-positive bacteria of the human gut microbiome and Chloroflexi from marine sediments. Pssm-ID: 468206 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 1122 Bit Score: 52.70 E-value: 4.37e-07
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| ser_rich_anae_1 | NF033849 | serine-rich protein; This serine-rich protein belongs to a family with large size (over 1000 ... |
95-380 | 5.03e-06 | |||||
serine-rich protein; This serine-rich protein belongs to a family with large size (over 1000 amino acids), which a highly serine-rich central region that averages over 300 aa in length. Species encoding members of this family of proteins tend to be anaerobic bacteria, including Gram-positive bacteria of the human gut microbiome and Chloroflexi from marine sediments. Pssm-ID: 468206 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 1122 Bit Score: 49.23 E-value: 5.03e-06
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| 2A1904 | TIGR00927 | K+-dependent Na+/Ca+ exchanger; [Transport and binding proteins, Cations and iron carrying ... |
184-416 | 9.37e-05 | |||||
K+-dependent Na+/Ca+ exchanger; [Transport and binding proteins, Cations and iron carrying compounds] Pssm-ID: 273344 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 1096 Bit Score: 45.37 E-value: 9.37e-05
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| Name | Accession | Description | Interval | E-value | |||||
| S-100 | cd00213 | S-100: S-100 domain, which represents the largest family within the superfamily of proteins ... |
2-89 | 1.40e-32 | |||||
S-100: S-100 domain, which represents the largest family within the superfamily of proteins carrying the Ca-binding EF-hand motif. Note that this S-100 hierarchy contains only S-100 EF-hand domains, other EF-hands have been modeled separately. S100 proteins are expressed exclusively in vertebrates, and are implicated in intracellular and extracellular regulatory activities. Intracellularly, S100 proteins act as Ca-signaling or Ca-buffering proteins. The most unusual characteristic of certain S100 proteins is their occurrence in extracellular space, where they act in a cytokine-like manner through RAGE, the receptor for advanced glycation products. Structural data suggest that many S100 members exist within cells as homo- or heterodimers and even oligomers; oligomerization contributes to their functional diversification. Upon binding calcium, most S100 proteins change conformation to a more open structure exposing a hydrophobic cleft. This hydrophobic surface represents the interaction site of S100 proteins with their target proteins. There is experimental evidence showing that many S100 proteins have multiple binding partners with diverse mode of interaction with different targets. In addition to S100 proteins (such as S100A1,-3,-4,-6,-7,-10,-11,and -13), this group includes the ''fused'' gene family, a group of calcium binding S100-related proteins. The ''fused'' gene family includes multifunctional epidermal differentiation proteins - profilaggrin, trichohyalin, repetin, hornerin, and cornulin; functionally these proteins are associated with keratin intermediate filaments and partially crosslinked to the cell envelope. These ''fused'' gene proteins contain N-terminal sequence with two Ca-binding EF-hands motif, which may be associated with calcium signaling in epidermal cells and autoprocessing in a calcium-dependent manner. In contrast to S100 proteins, "fused" gene family proteins contain an extraordinary high number of almost perfect peptide repeats with regular array of polar and charged residues similar to many known cell envelope proteins. Pssm-ID: 238131 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 88 Bit Score: 119.13 E-value: 1.40e-32
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| calgranulins | cd05030 | Calgranulins: S-100 domain found in proteins belonging to the Calgranulin subgroup of the S100 ... |
3-87 | 1.24e-15 | |||||
Calgranulins: S-100 domain found in proteins belonging to the Calgranulin subgroup of the S100 family of EF-hand calcium-modulated proteins, including S100A8, S100A9, and S100A12 . Note that the S-100 hierarchy, to which this Calgranulin group belongs, contains only S-100 EF-hand domains, other EF-hands have been modeled separately. These proteins are expressed mainly in granulocytes, and are involved in inflammation, allergy, and neuritogenesis, as well as in host-parasite response. Calgranulins are modulated not only by calcium, but also by other metals such as zinc and copper. Structural data suggested that calgranulins may exist in multiple structural forms, homodimers, as well as hetero-oligomers. For example, the S100A8/S100A9 complex called calprotectin plays important roles in the regulation of inflammatory processes, wound repair, and regulating zinc-dependent enzymes as well as microbial growth. Pssm-ID: 240156 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 88 Bit Score: 71.99 E-value: 1.24e-15
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| S-100A10_like | cd05031 | S-100A10_like: S-100A10 domain found in proteins similar to S100A10. S100A10 is a member of ... |
3-85 | 1.71e-13 | |||||
S-100A10_like: S-100A10 domain found in proteins similar to S100A10. S100A10 is a member of the S100 family of EF-hand superfamily of calcium-binding proteins. Note that the S-100 hierarchy, to which this S-100A1_like group belongs, contains only S-100 EF-hand domains, other EF-hands have been modeled separately. S100 proteins are expressed exclusively in vertebrates, and are implicated in intracellular and extracellular regulatory activities. A unique feature of S100A10 is that it contains mutation in both of the calcium binding sites, making it calcium insensitive. S100A10 has been detected in brain, heart, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, liver, lung, spleen, testes, epidermis, aorta, and thymus. Structural data supports the homo- and hetero-dimeric as well as hetero-tetrameric nature of the protein. S100A10 has multiple binding partners in its calcium free state and is therefore involved in many diverse biological functions. Pssm-ID: 240157 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 94 Bit Score: 66.29 E-value: 1.71e-13
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| S-100A1 | cd05025 | S-100A1: S-100A1 domain found in proteins similar to S100A1. S100A1 is a calcium-binding ... |
3-85 | 9.62e-13 | |||||
S-100A1: S-100A1 domain found in proteins similar to S100A1. S100A1 is a calcium-binding protein belonging to a large S100 vertebrate-specific protein family within the EF-hand superfamily of calcium-binding proteins. Note that the S-100 hierarchy, to which this S-100A1 group belongs, contains only S-100 EF-hand domains, other EF-hands have been modeled separately. As is the case with many other members of S100 protein family, S100A1 is implicated in intracellular and extracellular regulatory activities, including interaction with myosin-associated twitchin kinase, actin-capping protein CapZ, sinapsin I, and tubulin. Structural data suggests that S100A1 proteins exist within cells as antiparallel homodimers, while heterodimers with S100A4 and S100B also has been reported. Upon binding calcium S100A1 changes conformation to expose a hydrophobic cleft which is the interaction site of S100A1 with its more that 20 known target proteins. Pssm-ID: 240152 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 92 Bit Score: 64.14 E-value: 9.62e-13
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| S_100 | pfam01023 | S-100/ICaBP type calcium binding domain; The S-100 domain is a subfamily of the EF-hand ... |
4-48 | 1.10e-12 | |||||
S-100/ICaBP type calcium binding domain; The S-100 domain is a subfamily of the EF-hand calcium binding proteins. Pssm-ID: 460028 Cd Length: 45 Bit Score: 62.07 E-value: 1.10e-12
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| S-100Z | cd05026 | S-100Z: S-100Z domain found in proteins similar to S100Z. S100Z is a member of the S100 domain ... |
1-85 | 2.33e-12 | |||||
S-100Z: S-100Z domain found in proteins similar to S100Z. S100Z is a member of the S100 domain family within the EF-hand Ca2+-binding proteins superfamily. Note that the S-100 hierarchy, to which this S-100Z group belongs, contains only S-100 EF-hand domains, other EF-hands have been modeled separately.S100 proteins exhibit unique patterns of tissue- and cell type-specific expression and have been implicated in the Ca2+-dependent regulation of diverse physiological processes, including cell cycle regulation, differentiation, growth, and metabolic control. S100Z is normally expressed in various tissues, with its highest level of expression being in spleen and leukocytes. The function of S100Z remains unclear. Preliminary structural data suggests that S100Z is homodimer, however a heterodimer with S100P has been reported. S100Z is capable of binding calcium ions. When calcium binds to S110Z, the protein experiences a conformational change, which exposes hydrophobic surfaces on the protein. In comparison with their normal tissue counterparts, S100Z gene expression appears to be deregulated in some tumor tissues. Pssm-ID: 240153 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 93 Bit Score: 62.97 E-value: 2.33e-12
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| S-100B | cd05027 | S-100B: S-100B domain found in proteins similar to S100B. S100B is a calcium-binding protein ... |
3-85 | 4.29e-10 | |||||
S-100B: S-100B domain found in proteins similar to S100B. S100B is a calcium-binding protein belonging to a large S100 vertebrate-specific protein family within the EF-hand superfamily of calcium-binding proteins. Note that the S-100 hierarchy, to which this S-100B group belongs, contains only S-100 EF-hand domains, other EF-hands have been modeled separately. S100B is most abundant in glial cells of the central nervous system, predominately in astrocytes. S100B is involved in signal transduction via the inhibition of protein phoshorylation, regulation of enzyme activity and by affecting the calcium homeostasis. Upon calcium binding the S100B homodimer changes conformation to expose a hydrophobic cleft, which represents the interaction site of S100B with its more than 20 known target proteins. These target proteins include several cellular architecture proteins such as tubulin and GFAP; S100B can inhibit polymerization of these oligomeric molecules. Furthermore, S100B inhibits the phosphorylation of multiple kinase substrates including the Alzheimer protein tau and neuromodulin (GAP-43) through a calcium-sensitive interaction with the protein substrates. Pssm-ID: 240154 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 88 Bit Score: 56.40 E-value: 4.29e-10
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| S-100A11 | cd05023 | S-100A11: S-100A11 domain found in proteins similar to S100A11. S100A11 is a member of the ... |
8-85 | 2.23e-08 | |||||
S-100A11: S-100A11 domain found in proteins similar to S100A11. S100A11 is a member of the S-100 domain family within EF-hand Ca2+-binding proteins superfamily. Note that the S-100 hierarchy, to which this S-100A11 group belongs, contains only S-100 EF-hand domains, other EF-hands have been modeled separately. S100 proteins exhibit unique patterns of tissue- and cell type-specific expression and have been implicated in the Ca2+-dependent regulation of diverse physiological processes, including cell cycle regulation, differentiation, growth, and metabolic control . S100 proteins have also been associated with a variety of pathological events, including neoplastic transformation and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, usually via over expression of the protein. S100A11 is expressed in smooth muscle and other tissues and involves in calcium-dependent membrane aggregation, which is important for cell vesiculation . As is the case for many other S100 proteins, S100A11 is homodimer, which is able to form a heterodimer with S100B through subunit exchange. Ca2+ binding to S100A11 results in a conformational change in the protein, exposing a hydrophobic surface that interacts with target proteins. In addition to binding to annexin A1 and A6 S100A11 also interacts with actin and transglutaminase. Pssm-ID: 240150 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 89 Bit Score: 51.31 E-value: 2.23e-08
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| ser_rich_anae_1 | NF033849 | serine-rich protein; This serine-rich protein belongs to a family with large size (over 1000 ... |
268-420 | 4.37e-07 | |||||
serine-rich protein; This serine-rich protein belongs to a family with large size (over 1000 amino acids), which a highly serine-rich central region that averages over 300 aa in length. Species encoding members of this family of proteins tend to be anaerobic bacteria, including Gram-positive bacteria of the human gut microbiome and Chloroflexi from marine sediments. Pssm-ID: 468206 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 1122 Bit Score: 52.70 E-value: 4.37e-07
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| S-100A10 | cd05024 | S-100A10: A subgroup of the S-100A10 domain found in proteins similar to S100A10. S100A10 is a ... |
3-85 | 8.17e-07 | |||||
S-100A10: A subgroup of the S-100A10 domain found in proteins similar to S100A10. S100A10 is a member of the S100 family of EF-hand superfamily of calcium-binding proteins. Note that the S-100 hierarchy, to which this S-100A10 group belongs, contains only S-100 EF-hand domains, other EF-hands have been modeled separately. S100 proteins are expressed exclusively in vertebrates, and are implicated in intracellular and extracellular regulatory activities. A unique feature of S100A10 is that it contains mutation in both of the calcium binding sites, making it calcium insensitive. S100A10 has been detected in brain, heart, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, liver, lung, spleen, testes, epidermis, aorta, and thymus. Structural data supports the homo- and hetero-dimeric as well as hetero-tetrameric nature of the protein. S100A10 has multiple binding partners in its calcium free state and is therefore involved in many diverse biological functions. Pssm-ID: 240151 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 91 Bit Score: 47.14 E-value: 8.17e-07
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| ser_rich_anae_1 | NF033849 | serine-rich protein; This serine-rich protein belongs to a family with large size (over 1000 ... |
95-380 | 5.03e-06 | |||||
serine-rich protein; This serine-rich protein belongs to a family with large size (over 1000 amino acids), which a highly serine-rich central region that averages over 300 aa in length. Species encoding members of this family of proteins tend to be anaerobic bacteria, including Gram-positive bacteria of the human gut microbiome and Chloroflexi from marine sediments. Pssm-ID: 468206 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 1122 Bit Score: 49.23 E-value: 5.03e-06
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| 2A1904 | TIGR00927 | K+-dependent Na+/Ca+ exchanger; [Transport and binding proteins, Cations and iron carrying ... |
184-416 | 9.37e-05 | |||||
K+-dependent Na+/Ca+ exchanger; [Transport and binding proteins, Cations and iron carrying compounds] Pssm-ID: 273344 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 1096 Bit Score: 45.37 E-value: 9.37e-05
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| S-100A6 | cd05029 | S-100A6: S-100A6 domain found in proteins similar to S100A6. S100A6 is a member of the S100 ... |
4-89 | 6.53e-04 | |||||
S-100A6: S-100A6 domain found in proteins similar to S100A6. S100A6 is a member of the S100 domain family within EF-hand Ca2+-binding proteins superfamily. Note that the S-100 hierarchy, to which this S-100A6 group belongs, contains only S-100 EF-hand domains, other EF-hands have been modeled separately. S100 proteins exhibit unique patterns of tissue- and cell type-specific expression and have been implicated in the Ca2+-dependent regulation of diverse physiological processes, including cell cycle regulation, differentiation, growth, and metabolic control . S100A6 is normally expressed in the G1 phase of the cell cycle in neuronal cells. The function of S100A6 remains unclear, but evidence suggests that it is involved in cell cycle regulation and exocytosis. S100A6 may also be involved in tumorigenesis; the protein is overexpressed in several tumors. Ca2+ binding to S100A6 leads to a conformational change in the protein, which exposes a hydrophobic surface for interaction with target proteins. Several such proteins have been identified: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase , annexins 2, 6 and 11 and Calcyclin-Binding Protein (CacyBP). Pssm-ID: 240155 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 88 Bit Score: 38.67 E-value: 6.53e-04
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| S-100A13 | cd05022 | S-100A13: S-100A13 domain found in proteins similar to S100A13. S100A13 is a calcium-binding ... |
8-94 | 1.12e-03 | |||||
S-100A13: S-100A13 domain found in proteins similar to S100A13. S100A13 is a calcium-binding protein belonging to a large S100 vertebrate-specific protein family within the EF-hand superfamily of calcium-binding proteins. Note that the S-100 hierarchy, to which this S-100A13 group belongs, contains only S-100 EF-hand domains, other EF-hands have been modeled separately. S100A13 is involved in the cellular export of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and of fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1), which plays an important role in angiogenesis and tissue regeneration. Export is based on the CuII-dependent formation of multiprotein complexes containing the S100A13 protein. Assembly of these complexes occurs near the inner surface of the plasma membrane. Binding of two Ca(II) ions per monomer triggers key conformational changes leading to the creation of two identical and symmetrical Cu(II)-binding sites on the surface of the protein, close to the interface between the two monomers. These Cu(II)-binding sites are unique among the S100 proteins, which are reported to bind Cu(II) or Zn(II) ions in addition to Ca(II) ions. In addition, the three-dimensional structure of S100A13 differs significantly from those of other S100 proteins; the hydrophobic pocket that largely contributes to protein-protein interactions in other S100 proteins is absent in S100A13. The structure of S100A13 contains a large patch of negatively charged residues flanked by dense cationic clusters, formed mostly from positively charged residues from the C-terminal end, which plays major role in binding FGF-1. Pssm-ID: 240149 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 89 Bit Score: 38.09 E-value: 1.12e-03
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| EFh | cd00051 | EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal ... |
11-78 | 3.97e-03 | |||||
EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to the activation or inactivation of target proteins. EF-hands tend to occur in pairs or higher copy numbers. Pssm-ID: 238008 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 63 Bit Score: 35.60 E-value: 3.97e-03
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