Immunoglobulin domain; The members here are composed of the immunoglobulin (Ig) domain found in the Ig superfamily. The Ig superfamily is a heterogenous group of proteins, built on a common fold comprised of a sandwich of two beta sheets. Members of this group are components of immunoglobulin, neuroglia, cell surface glycoproteins, including T-cell receptors, CD2, CD4, CD8, and membrane glycoproteins, including butyrophilin and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan core protein. A predominant feature of most Ig domains is a disulfide bridge connecting the two beta-sheets with a tryptophan residue packed against the disulfide bond. Ig superfamily (IgSF) domains can be divided into 4 main classes based on their structures and sequences: the Variable (V), Constant 1 (C1), Constant 2 (C2), and Intermediate (I) sets. Typically, the V-set domains have A, B, E, and D strands in one sheet and A', G, F, C, C' and C" in the other. The structures in C1-set are smaller than those in the V-set; they have one beta sheet that is formed by strands A, B, E, and D and the other by strands G, F, C, and C'. Moreover, a C1-set Ig domain contains a short C' strand (three residues) and lacks A' and C" strand. Unlike other Ig domain sets, C2-set structures do not have a D strand. Like the V-set Ig domains, members of the I-set have a discontinuous A strand, but lack a C" strand.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1475408937 122 PSQDELTFTCTSiNGYPRPNVYWINKTdnslldqALQNDTVFLNMRGLYDVVSVLRIARTPSVNIGCCIENVLLQQ 197
Cdd:cd20986     8 PGTGEVQLTCQA-RGYPLAEVSWQNVS-------VPANTSHTRTPEGLYQVTSVLRLKPQPGRNFSCMFWNAHMKE 75

Immunoglobulin Constant 1 (IgC1) domain of Programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2); The members here are composed of the immunoglobulin Constant 1 (IgC1) domain of Programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2; also known as B7-DC or CD273). PD-L2 is a cell-surface ligand that competes with PD-L1 for binding to the immunosuppressive receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1). PD-1 is a member of the CD28/B7 family that plays an important role in negatively regulating immune responses upon interaction with its two ligands, PD-L1 or PD-L2. PD-L2 has a higher affinity for PD-1 but is expressed at lower levels. PD-L2 interaction with PD-1 suppresses T cell proliferation, cytokine production and cytotoxic activity. PD-L2 is expressed on tumor cells, antigen-presenting cells or APCs (such as macrophages, B cells and dendritic cells), and a variety of other immune and nonimmune cells. Tumor expression of PD-L2 may contribute to tumor evasion of immune destruction by inactivating T cells. Thus, PD-L2 is a negative predictor for prognosis among solid cancer patients.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1475408937 122 PSQDELTFTCTSiNGYPRPNVYWINKTdnslldqALQNDTVFLNMRGLYDVVSVLRIARTPSVNIGCCIENVLLQQ 197
Cdd:cd20986     8 PGTGEVQLTCQA-RGYPLAEVSWQNVS-------VPANTSHTRTPEGLYQVTSVLRLKPQPGRNFSCMFWNAHMKE 75

Immunoglobulin V-Type;

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1475408937    5 DVELSCacpEGSRFDLNDVYVYWQT-SESKTVVTYHIPQNSSLENVDSRYRNRALMSpAGMLRGDFSLRLFNVTPQDEQK 83
Cdd:smart00406   1 SVTLSC---KFSGSTFSSYYVSWVRqPPGKGLEWLGYIGSNGSSYYQESYKGRFTIS-KDTSKNDVSLTISNLRVEDTGT 76

                   ....*
gi 1475408937   84 FHCLV 88
Cdd:smart00406  77 YYCAV 81

Immunoglobulin Variable (IgV) domain of B7-H3, a member of the B7 family of immune checkpoint molecules; The members here are composed of the immunoglobulin variable (IgV) domain of B7-H3 also known as CD276), a member of the B7 family of immune checkpoint molecules. B7-H3 is an important immune checkpoint member of the B7 family and shares homology with other B7 ligands such as programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). The B7 family molecules interact with CD28 on T-cells to provide co-stimulatory signals that regulate T-cell activation and T-helper cell differentiation. Although B7-H3 has been shown to have both co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory effects on T-cell responses, the most current studies describe B7-H3 as a T cell inhibitor that promotes tumor aggressiveness and proliferation. Moreover, B7-H3 is highly overexpressed on a wide range of human solid cancers and promotes tumor growth, metastasis, and drug resistance. Thus, B7-H3 expression in tumors often correlates with both negative prognosis and poor clinical outcome in cancer patients. B7-H3 protein contains a predicted signal peptide, V- and C-like Ig domains (IgV and IgC), a transmembrane region, and an intracellular tail.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1475408937   1 MVGSDVELSCACPEGSRFDLNDVYVYWQTSESKTVVTYHIPQNSSLENVDSRYRNRALMSPAGMLRGDFSLRLFNVTPQD 80
Cdd:cd20934    10 LVGTDATLRCSFSPEPGFSLAQLSVFWQLTDTKQLVHSFTESQDQGRDQGSAYANRTALFPDLLAQGNASLRLQRVRVAD 89

                          90       100       110
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1475408937  81 EQKFHCLVLSQSLGfqevlSVEVTLHVAANF 111
Cdd:cd20934    90 EGSYTCFVSVQDFG-----SAAVSLQVAAPF 115

Immunoglobulin Variable (IgV) domain of Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1); The members here are composed of the immunoglobulin variable (IgV) domain of Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1; also known as Cluster of Differentiation 274 (CD274)). PD-L1 is a cell-surface ligand that competes with PD-L2 for binding to the immunosuppressive receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1). PD-1 is a member of the B7 family that plays an important role in negatively regulating immune responses upon interaction with its two ligands, PD-L1 or PD-L2. Like PD-L2, PD-L1 interacts with PD-1 and suppresses T cell proliferation and cytokine production. The PD-1 receptor is expressed on the surface of activated T cells, while PD-L1 is expressed on cancer cells. When PD-1 and PD-L1 bind together, they form a molecular shield protecting tumor cells from being destroyed by the immune system. Thus, inhibiting the binding of PD-L1 to PD-1 with an antibody leads to killing of tumor cells by T cells. PD-1 inhibitors (such as Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab, and Cemiplimab) and PD-L1 inhibitors (such as Atezolizumab, Avelumab, and Durvalumab ) are an emerging class of immunotherapy that stimulate lymphocytes against tumor cells.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1475408937   3 GSDVELSCACPEGSRFDLNDVYVYWQTSESKTVVTYHIPQNSSLENvdSRYRNRALMSPAGMLRGDFSLRLFNVTPQDEQ 82
Cdd:cd20947    13 GSNMTIECKFPVEKQLDLAALIVYWEMEDKNIIQFVHGEEDLKVQH--SSYRQRARLLKDQLSLGNAALQITDVKLQDAG 90

                  ....*.
gi 1475408937  83 KFHCLV 88
Cdd:cd20947    91 VYRCMI 96

Immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG); The members here are composed of the immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). MOG, a minor component of the myelin sheath, is an important CNS-specific autoantigen, linked to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). It is a transmembrane protein having an extracellular Ig domain. MOG is expressed in the CNS on the outermost lamellae of the myelin sheath, and on the surface of oligodendrocytes, and may participate in the completion, compaction, and/or maintenance of myelin. This group also includes butyrophilin (BTN). BTN is the most abundant protein in bovine milk-fat globule membrane (MFGM).

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1475408937   1 MVGSDVELSCAC-PEGSrfdLNDVYVYWQTSESKTVVtyHIPQNSslENVDSR----YRNRALMSPAGMLRGDFSLRLFN 75
Cdd:cd05713    13 LVGEDAELPCHLsPKMS---AEHMEVRWFRSQFSPVV--HLYRDG--QDQEEEqmpeYRGRTELLKDAIAEGSVALRIHN 85

                          90       100       110
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1475408937  76 VTPQDEQKFHCLVlsQSLGFQEVLSVEvtLHVA 108
Cdd:cd05713    86 VRPSDEGQYTCFF--RSGSFYEEATLE--LKVA 114

Immunoglobulin V-set domain; This domain is found in antibodies as well as neural protein P0 and CTL4 amongst others.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1475408937   2 VGSDVELSCACPegSRFDLNDVYVYW---QTSESKTVVTYHIPQNSSLENVDSRYRNRALMSpagmlRGDFSLRLFNVTP 78
Cdd:pfam07686  10 LGGSVTLPCTYS--SSMSEASTSVYWyrqPPGKGPTFLIAYYSNGSEEGVKKGRFSGRGDPS-----NGDGSLTIQNLTL 82

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1475408937  79 QDEQKFHCLVLSQS-LGFQEVLSVEVT 104
Cdd:pfam07686  83 SDSGTYTCAVIPSGeGVFGKGTRLTVL 109

Immunoglobulin variable domain (IgV) in Cluster of Differentiation (CD) 86; The members here are composed of the immunoglobulin variable region (IgV) in the Cluster of Differentiation (CD) 86). Glycoproteins B7-1 (also known as cluster of differentiation (CD) 80) and B7-2 (also known as CD86) are expressed on antigen-presenting cells and deliver the co-stimulatory signal through CD28 and CTLA-4 (also known as CD152) on T cells. signaling through CD28 augments the T-cell response, whereas CTLA-4 signaling attenuates it. The CTLA-4 and B7-2 monomers are both two-layer beta-sandwiches that display the chain topology characteristic of the immunoglobulin variable (V-type) domains present in antigen receptors. The front and back sheets of B7-2 are composed of AGFCC'C" and BED strands, respectively. Members of the IgV family are components of immunoglobulin (Ig) and T cell receptors. The basic structure of Ig molecules is a tetramer of two light chains and two heavy chains linked by disulfide bonds. In Ig, each chain is composed of one variable domain (IgV) and one or more constant domains (IgC); these names reflect the fact that the variability in sequences is higher in the variable domain than in the constant domain. Within the variable domain, there are regions of even more variability called the hypervariable or complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) which are responsible for antigen binding. A predominant feature of most Ig domains is the disulfide bridge connecting 2 beta-sheets with a tryptophan residue packed against the disulfide bond.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1475408937   6 VELSCACPEGSRFDLNDVYVYWQTSESKtvVTYHIPQNSS-LENVDSRYRNRALMSpagmlRGDFSLRLFNVTPQDEQKF 84
Cdd:cd16087    11 AYLPCQFKNPQNISLSELVVFWQDQKKL--VLYELYLGKEkLDNVNSKYIGRTSFD-----QENWTLQLHNVQIKDQGTY 83

                  ....
gi 1475408937  85 HCLV 88
Cdd:cd16087    84 QCFI 87