Actin filament associated protein family Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, repeat 1; There are 3 members of the AFAP family of adaptor proteins: AFAP1, AFAP1L1, and AFAP1L2/XB130. AFAP1 is a cSrc binding partner and actin cross-linking protein. AFAP1L1 is thought to play a similar role to AFAP1 in terms of being an actin cross-linking protein, but it preferentially binds to cortactin and not cSrc, thereby playing a role in invadosome formation. AFAP1L2 is a cSrc binding protein, but does not bind to actin filaments. AFAP1L2 acts as an intermediary between the RET/PTC kinase and PI-3kinase pathway in the thyroid. The AFAPs share a similar structure of a SH3 binding motif, 3 SH2 binding motifs, 2 PH domains, a coiled-coil region corresponding to the AFAP1 leucine zipper, and an actin binding domain. The amino terminal PH1 domain of AFAP1 has been known to function in intra-molecular regulation of AFAP1. In addition, the PH1 domain is a binding partner for PKCa and phospholipids. This cd is the first PH domain of AFAP. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1188456521 193 SPEAGIELMRDARICAFLWRKKWLGQWAKQLCVIKDNRLLCYKSSKDHSPQLDVNLLGSSVIHKEKQVRKKEHKLKITPM 272
Cdd:cd13306     1 SEEASMELVKDARICAFLLRKKRFGQWAKQLCVIKDNRLLCYKSSKDQQPQLELPLLGCSVIYVPKDGRRKKHELKFTPP 80

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1188456521 273 NADVIVLGLQSKDQAEQWLRVIQEVSG 299
Cdd:cd13306    81 GAEALVLAVQSKEQAEQWLKVIREVSS 107

DNA double-strand break repair ATPase Rad50;

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1188456521 627 IRGHLAQLRKEKRELKETLLKCTDKEV-LASLEQKLKEIDEECRGEESRRVDLELSIMEVKDNLKKAE 693
Cdd:PRK03918  219 LREELEKLEKEVKELEELKEEIEELEKeLESLEGSKRKLEEKIRELEERIEELKKEIEELEEKVKELK 286

Actin filament associated protein family Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, repeat 1; There are 3 members of the AFAP family of adaptor proteins: AFAP1, AFAP1L1, and AFAP1L2/XB130. AFAP1 is a cSrc binding partner and actin cross-linking protein. AFAP1L1 is thought to play a similar role to AFAP1 in terms of being an actin cross-linking protein, but it preferentially binds to cortactin and not cSrc, thereby playing a role in invadosome formation. AFAP1L2 is a cSrc binding protein, but does not bind to actin filaments. AFAP1L2 acts as an intermediary between the RET/PTC kinase and PI-3kinase pathway in the thyroid. The AFAPs share a similar structure of a SH3 binding motif, 3 SH2 binding motifs, 2 PH domains, a coiled-coil region corresponding to the AFAP1 leucine zipper, and an actin binding domain. The amino terminal PH1 domain of AFAP1 has been known to function in intra-molecular regulation of AFAP1. In addition, the PH1 domain is a binding partner for PKCa and phospholipids. This cd is the first PH domain of AFAP. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1188456521 193 SPEAGIELMRDARICAFLWRKKWLGQWAKQLCVIKDNRLLCYKSSKDHSPQLDVNLLGSSVIHKEKQVRKKEHKLKITPM 272
Cdd:cd13306     1 SEEASMELVKDARICAFLLRKKRFGQWAKQLCVIKDNRLLCYKSSKDQQPQLELPLLGCSVIYVPKDGRRKKHELKFTPP 80

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1188456521 273 NADVIVLGLQSKDQAEQWLRVIQEVSG 299
Cdd:cd13306    81 GAEALVLAVQSKEQAEQWLKVIREVSS 107

Pleckstrin homology domain; Domain commonly found in eukaryotic signalling proteins. The domain family possesses multiple functions including the abilities to bind inositol phosphates, and various proteins. PH domains have been found to possess inserted domains (such as in PLC gamma, syntrophins) and to be inserted within other domains. Mutations in Brutons tyrosine kinase (Btk) within its PH domain cause X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA) in patients. Point mutations cluster into the positively charged end of the molecule around the predicted binding site for phosphatidylinositol lipids.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1188456521  393 NSQWKSRWCSVRDNHLHFYQDR--NRSKVAQQPLSLVGCEVVPDPSPDHL---YSFRILHKGEELAKLEAKSSEEMGHWL 467
Cdd:smart00233  15 KKSWKKRYFVLFNSTLLYYKSKkdKKSYKPKGSIDLSGCTVREAPDPDSSkkpHCFEIKTSDRKTLLLQAESEEEREKWV 94

PH domain; PH stands for pleckstrin homology.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1188456521 394 SQWKSRWCSVRDNHLHFYQDR--NRSKVAQQPLSLVGCEVV---PDPSPDHLYSFRILH---KGEELAKLEAKSSEEMGH 465
Cdd:pfam00169  16 KSWKKRYFVLFDGSLLYYKDDksGKSKEPKGSISLSGCEVVevvASDSPKRKFCFELRTgerTGKRTYLLQAESEEERKD 95

                  ..
gi 1188456521 466 WL 467
Cdd:pfam00169  96 WI 97

DNA double-strand break repair ATPase Rad50;

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1188456521 627 IRGHLAQLRKEKRELKETLLKCTDKEV-LASLEQKLKEIDEECRGEESRRVDLELSIMEVKDNLKKAE 693
Cdd:PRK03918  219 LREELEKLEKEVKELEELKEEIEELEKeLESLEGSKRKLEEKIRELEERIEELKKEIEELEEKVKELK 286

Actin filament associated protein family Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, repeat 1; There are 3 members of the AFAP family of adaptor proteins: AFAP1, AFAP1L1, and AFAP1L2/XB130. AFAP1 is a cSrc binding partner and actin cross-linking protein. AFAP1L1 is thought to play a similar role to AFAP1 in terms of being an actin cross-linking protein, but it preferentially binds to cortactin and not cSrc, thereby playing a role in invadosome formation. AFAP1L2 is a cSrc binding protein, but does not bind to actin filaments. AFAP1L2 acts as an intermediary between the RET/PTC kinase and PI-3kinase pathway in the thyroid. The AFAPs share a similar structure of a SH3 binding motif, 3 SH2 binding motifs, 2 PH domains, a coiled-coil region corresponding to the AFAP1 leucine zipper, and an actin binding domain. The amino terminal PH1 domain of AFAP1 has been known to function in intra-molecular regulation of AFAP1. In addition, the PH1 domain is a binding partner for PKCa and phospholipids. This cd is the first PH domain of AFAP. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1188456521 193 SPEAGIELMRDARICAFLWRKKWLGQWAKQLCVIKDNRLLCYKSSKDHSPQLDVNLLGSSVIHKEKQVRKKEHKLKITPM 272
Cdd:cd13306     1 SEEASMELVKDARICAFLLRKKRFGQWAKQLCVIKDNRLLCYKSSKDQQPQLELPLLGCSVIYVPKDGRRKKHELKFTPP 80

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1188456521 273 NADVIVLGLQSKDQAEQWLRVIQEVSG 299
Cdd:cd13306    81 GAEALVLAVQSKEQAEQWLKVIREVSS 107

Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1188456521 393 NSQWKSRWCSVRDNHLHFYQDRN-RSKVAQQPLSLVG-CEVVPDPSPDHLYSFRILHKGEELAKLEAKSSEEMGHWLGLL 470
Cdd:cd00821    13 LKSWKKRWFVLFEGVLLYYKSKKdSSYKPKGSIPLSGiLEVEEVSPKERPHCFELVTPDGRTYYLQADSEEERQEWLKAL 92

Pleckstrin homology domain; Domain commonly found in eukaryotic signalling proteins. The domain family possesses multiple functions including the abilities to bind inositol phosphates, and various proteins. PH domains have been found to possess inserted domains (such as in PLC gamma, syntrophins) and to be inserted within other domains. Mutations in Brutons tyrosine kinase (Btk) within its PH domain cause X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA) in patients. Point mutations cluster into the positively charged end of the molecule around the predicted binding site for phosphatidylinositol lipids.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1188456521  209 FLWRKKW--LGQWAKQLCVIKDNRLLCYKSSK---DHSPQLDVNLLGSSVIH-KEKQVRKKEHKLKITPMNADVIVLGLQ 282
Cdd:smart00233   6 WLYKKSGggKKSWKKRYFVLFNSTLLYYKSKKdkkSYKPKGSIDLSGCTVREaPDPDSSKKPHCFEIKTSDRKTLLLQAE 85

                           90
                   ....*....|....*.
gi 1188456521  283 SKDQAEQWLRVIQEVS 298
Cdd:smart00233  86 SEEEREKWVEALRKAI 101

SH3 domain-binding protein 2 Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; SH3BP2 (the gene that encodes the adaptor protein 3BP2), HD, ITU, IT10C3, and ADD1 are located near the Huntington's Disease Gene on Human Chromosome 4pl6.3. SH3BP2 lies in a region that is often missing in individuals with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS). Gain of function mutations in SH3BP2 causes enhanced B-cell antigen receptor (BCR)-mediated activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), resulting in a rare, genetic disorder called cherubism. This results in an increase in the signaling complex formation with Syk, phospholipase C-gamma2 (PLC-gamma2), and Vav1. It was recently discovered that Tankyrase regulates 3BP2 stability through ADP-ribosylation and ubiquitylation by the E3-ubiquitin ligase. Cherubism mutations uncouple 3BP2 from Tankyrase-mediated protein destruction, which results in its stabilization and subsequent hyperactivation of the Src, Syk, and Vav signaling pathways. SH3BP2 is also a potential negative regulator of the abl oncogene. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1188456521 199 ELMRDARICAFLWRK----KWLGQWAKQLCVIKDNRLLCYKSSKDHSPQLDVNLLGSSVIHKEKQVRKKEHKLKITPMNA 274
Cdd:cd13308     4 TLPRDVIHSGTLTKKggsqKTLQNWQLRYVIIHQGCVYYYKNDQSAKPKGVFSLNGYNRRAAEERTSKLKFVFKIIHLSP 83

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1188456521 275 DVIVLGLQSKDQAEQ--WLRVIQEVSG 299
Cdd:cd13308    84 DHRTWYFAAKSEDEMseWMEYIRREID 110

PH domain; PH stands for pleckstrin homology.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1188456521 199 ELMRDARICAFLWRKKWlgqwakqlCVIKDNRLLCYKSS---KDHSPQLDVNLLGSSVIHKEKQVR-KKEHKLKI---TP 271
Cdd:pfam00169   6 WLLKKGGGKKKSWKKRY--------FVLFDGSLLYYKDDksgKSKEPKGSISLSGCEVVEVVASDSpKRKFCFELrtgER 77

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1188456521 272 MNADVIVLGLQSKDQAEQWLRVIQEVS 298
Cdd:pfam00169  78 TGKRTYLLQAESEEERKDWIKAIQSAI 104

Pleckstrin homology domain containing, family J member 1 Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; PLEKHJ1 (also called GNRPX2/Guanine nucleotide-releasing protein x ). It contains a single PH domain. Very little information is known about PLEKHJ1. PLEKHJ1 has been shown to interact with IKBKG (inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells, kinase gamma) and KRT33B (keratin 33B). PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1188456521 393 NSQWKSRWCSVRDNHLhFYQDRNRSKVAQQPLSLV---GCEVVPDPSPDHLYSFRILHKGEELAK--LEAKSSEEMGHWL 467
Cdd:cd13258    33 SEVFKERWFKLKGNLL-FYFRTNEFGDCSEPIGAIvleNCRVQMEEITEKPFAFSIVFNDEPEKKyiFSCRSEEQCEQWI 111

                  ...
gi 1188456521 468 GLL 470
Cdd:cd13258   112 EAL 114

Fungal proteins Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, repeat 1; The functions of these fungal proteins are unknown, but they all contain 2 PH domains. This cd represents the first PH repeat. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1188456521 394 SQWKSRWCSVRDNHLHFYQDRNRSK-VAQQPLS-LVGCEVVPDPSPDH---LYS-FRILHkgeelakLEAKSSEEMGHWL 467
Cdd:cd13298    20 KNWKKRWVVLRPCQLSYYKDEKEYKlRRVINLSeLLAVAPLKDKKRKNvfgIYTpSKNLH-------FRATSEKDANEWV 92

                          90
                  ....*....|....
gi 1188456521 468 GLLLSESGSKTDPE 481
Cdd:cd13298    93 EALREEFRLDDEEE 106

Dual Adaptor for Phosphotyrosine and 3-Phosphoinositides Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; DAPP1 (also known as PHISH/3' phosphoinositide-interacting SH2 domain-containing protein or Bam32) plays a role in B-cell activation and has potential roles in T-cell and mast cell function. DAPP1 promotes B cell receptor (BCR) induced activation of Rho GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42, which feed into mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) activation pathways and affect cytoskeletal rearrangement. DAPP1can also regulate BCR-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK). DAPP1 contains an N-terminal SH2 domain and a C-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain with a single tyrosine phosphorylation site located centrally. DAPP1 binds strongly to both PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and PtdIns(3,4)P2. The PH domain is essential for plasma membrane recruitment of PI3K upon cell activation. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1188456521 396 WKSRWCSVRDNHLHFYQDRNrSKVAQQPLSLVGC-EVVPDPSPDHLYSFRILHKGEELAkLEAKSSEEMGHWLGLL 470
Cdd:cd10573    19 WKTRWFVLRRNELKYFKTRG-DTKPIRVLDLRECsSVQRDYSQGKVNCFCLVFPERTFY-MYANTEEEADEWVKLL 92

Phosphoinositol 3-phosphate binding proteins 1, 2, and 3 pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; PEPP1 (also called PLEKHA4/PH domain-containing family A member 4 and RHOXF1/Rhox homeobox family member 1), and related homologs PEPP2 (also called PLEKHA5/PH domain-containing family A member 5) and PEPP3 (also called PLEKHA6/PH domain-containing family A member 6), have PH domains that interact specifically with PtdIns(3,4)P3. Other proteins that bind PtdIns(3,4)P3 specifically are: TAPP1 (tandem PH-domain-containing protein-1) and TAPP2], PtdIns3P AtPH1, and Ptd- Ins(3,5)P2 (centaurin-beta2). All of these proteins contain at least 5 of the 6 conserved amino acids that make up the putative phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5- trisphosphate-binding motif (PPBM) located at their N-terminus. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1188456521 210 LWRKKWlgqwakqlCVIKDNRLLCYKSSKDHSPQLDVNLLGSSV--IHKEKQVRKKeHKLKITPMNADVIVLGLQSKDQA 287
Cdd:cd13248    23 NWRKRW--------FVLKDNCLYYYKDPEEEKALGSILLPSYTIspAPPSDEISRK-FAFKAEHANMRTYYFAADTAEEM 93

                          90
                  ....*....|.
gi 1188456521 288 EQWLRVIQEVS 298
Cdd:cd13248    94 EQWMNAMSLAA 104

Connector enhancer of KSR (Kinase suppressor of ras) (CNK) pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; CNK family members function as protein scaffolds, regulating the activity and the subcellular localization of RAS activated RAF. There is a single CNK protein present in Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans in contrast to mammals which have 3 CNK proteins (CNK1, CNK2, and CNK3). All of the CNK members contain a sterile a motif (SAM), a conserved region in CNK (CRIC) domain, and a PSD-95/DLG-1/ZO-1 (PDZ) domain, and a PH domain. A CNK2 splice variant CNK2A also has a PDZ domain-binding motif at its C terminus and Drosophila CNK (D-CNK) also has a domain known as the Raf-interacting region (RIR) that mediates binding of the Drosophila Raf kinase. This cd contains CNKs from insects, spiders, mollusks, and nematodes. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1188456521 393 NSQWKSRWCSVRDNHLHFYQDRNRSKvAQQPLSLVGCEVVPDP---SPDhlYSFRILHKGEELAkLEAKSSEEMGHWLGL 469
Cdd:cd13326    15 GGKWAKRWFVLKGSNLYGFRSQESTK-ADCVIFLPGFTVSPAPevkSRK--YAFKVYHTGTVFY-FAAESQEDMKKWLDL 90

                  .
gi 1188456521 470 L 470
Cdd:cd13326    91 L 91