Protein Kinases, catalytic domain; The protein kinase superfamily is mainly composed of the catalytic domains of serine/threonine-specific and tyrosine-specific protein kinases. It also includes RIO kinases, which are atypical serine protein kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferases, and choline kinases. These proteins catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to hydroxyl groups in specific substrates such as serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues of proteins.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 116 YHPVKIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDPSDPNKDMVVQ 195
Cdd:cd14217     1 YHPVKIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLRCVRESDPEDPNKDMVVQ 80

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 196 LIDDFKISGMNGIHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKCKIIHTDIKPENILMCVDDA 275
Cdd:cd14217    81 LIDDFKISGMNGIHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPIRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKCKIIHTDIKPENILMCVDDA 160

                         170       180
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1184495029 276 YVRRMAAEATEWQKAGAPPPSGSAVSTAP 304
Cdd:cd14217   161 YVRRMAAEATEWQKAGAPPPSGSAVSTAP 189

K+-dependent Na+/Ca+ exchanger; [Transport and binding proteins, Cations and iron carrying compounds]

                           10        20        30        40
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1184495029  389 DNGEAEDQEEKEDAEKENIEKDEDDVDQELANIDPTWIESPKT 431
Cdd:TIGR00927  859 DGGDSEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEENEEPLSLEWPET 901

Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Serine-aRginine Protein Kinase 2; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. SRPK2 mediates neuronal cell cycle and cell death through regulation of nuclear cyclin D1. It has also been found to promote leukemia cell proliferation by regulating cyclin A1. SRPK2 also plays a role in regulating pre-mRNA splicing and is required for spliceosomal B complex formation. SRPKs phosphorylate and regulate splicing factors from the SR protein family by specifically phosphorylating multiple serine residues residing in SR/RS dipeptide motifs (also known as RS domains). Phosphorylation of the RS domains enhances interaction with transportin SR and facilitates entry of the SR proteins into the nucleus. SRPKs contain a nonconserved insert domain, within the well-conserved catalytic kinase domain, that regulates their subcellular localization. The SRPK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 116 YHPVKIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDPSDPNKDMVVQ 195
Cdd:cd14217     1 YHPVKIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLRCVRESDPEDPNKDMVVQ 80

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 196 LIDDFKISGMNGIHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKCKIIHTDIKPENILMCVDDA 275
Cdd:cd14217    81 LIDDFKISGMNGIHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPIRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKCKIIHTDIKPENILMCVDDA 160

                         170       180
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1184495029 276 YVRRMAAEATEWQKAGAPPPSGSAVSTAP 304
Cdd:cd14217   161 YVRRMAAEATEWQKAGAPPPSGSAVSTAP 189

Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain; Phosphotransferases. Serine or threonine-specific kinase subfamily.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029  129 YHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVK--SAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVREsdpsdPNkdmVVQLIDDFKisgmN 206
Cdd:smart00220   1 YEILEKLGEGSFGKVYLARDKKTGKLVAIKVIKkkKIKKDRERILREIKILKKLKH-----PN---IVRLYDVFE----D 68

                           90       100       110       120       130       140
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1184495029  207 GIHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNyQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKcKIIHTDIKPENILMCVD 273
Cdd:smart00220  69 EDKLYLVMEYCEGGDLFDLLKKR-GRLSEDEARFYLRQILSALEYLHSK-GIVHRDLKPENILLDED 133

protein kinase; Provisional

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 123 DLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDPSDPNKDMVVQ--LIDDf 200
Cdd:PTZ00284  125 DVSTQRFKILSLLGEGTFGKVVEAWDRKRKEYCAVKIVRNVPKYTRDAKIEIQFMEKVRQADPADRFPLMKIQryFQNE- 203

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 201 kiSGmngiHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKsnYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKCKIIHTDIKPENILMCVDDAYVRRM 280
Cdd:PTZ00284  204 --TG----HMCIVMPKYGPCLLDWIMK--HGPFSHRHLAQIIFQTGVALDYFHTELHLMHTDLKPENILMETSDTVVDPV 275

                  ....*
gi 1184495029 281 AAEAT 285
Cdd:PTZ00284  276 TNRAL 280

Stk1 family PASTA domain-containing Ser/Thr kinase;

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 121 IGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKsaqhyTETALDEIKLLKCVRE----SDPSDPNkdmVVQL 196
Cdd:NF033483    1 IGKLLGGRYEIGERIGRGGMAEVYLAKDTRLDRDVAVKVLR-----PDLARDPEFVARFRREaqsaASLSHPN---IVSV 72

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1184495029 197 IDdfkiSGMNGIHVCMVFE-VLGhHLLKWIIKSNYQgLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHsKCKIIHTDIKPENILM 270
Cdd:NF033483   73 YD----VGEDGGIPYIVMEyVDG-RTLKDYIREHGP-LSPEEAVEIMIQILSALEHAH-RNGIVHRDIKPQNILI 140

Protein kinase domain;

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 595 TRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFEPHSGEDysrdedhiahiiellgsiprhfalsgkysREFFNR 674
Cdd:pfam00069 123 TPWYMAPEVLGGNPYGPKVDVWSLGCILYELLTGKPPFPGINGNE-----------------------------IYELII 173

                          90       100       110       120       130       140
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 675 RGELRHITKLKPWSlfdvlvekygwphEDAaqfTDFLIPMLEMVPEKRASAGECLRHPWL 734
Cdd:pfam00069 174 DQPYAFPELPSNLS-------------EEA---KDLLKKLLKKDPSKRLTATQALQHPWF 217

Serine/threonine protein kinase [Signal transduction mechanisms];

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1184495029 573 RVKIADLGNACWVHK-HFTED---IQTRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFEPHSGED 639
Cdd:COG0515   145 RVKLIDFGIARALGGaTLTQTgtvVGTPGYMAPEQARGEPVDPRSDVYSLGVTLYELLTGRPPFDGDSPAE 215

Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Serine-aRginine Protein Kinase 2; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. SRPK2 mediates neuronal cell cycle and cell death through regulation of nuclear cyclin D1. It has also been found to promote leukemia cell proliferation by regulating cyclin A1. SRPK2 also plays a role in regulating pre-mRNA splicing and is required for spliceosomal B complex formation. SRPKs phosphorylate and regulate splicing factors from the SR protein family by specifically phosphorylating multiple serine residues residing in SR/RS dipeptide motifs (also known as RS domains). Phosphorylation of the RS domains enhances interaction with transportin SR and facilitates entry of the SR proteins into the nucleus. SRPKs contain a nonconserved insert domain, within the well-conserved catalytic kinase domain, that regulates their subcellular localization. The SRPK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 116 YHPVKIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDPSDPNKDMVVQ 195
Cdd:cd14217     1 YHPVKIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLRCVRESDPEDPNKDMVVQ 80

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 196 LIDDFKISGMNGIHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKCKIIHTDIKPENILMCVDDA 275
Cdd:cd14217    81 LIDDFKISGMNGIHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPIRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKCKIIHTDIKPENILMCVDDA 160

                         170       180
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1184495029 276 YVRRMAAEATEWQKAGAPPPSGSAVSTAP 304
Cdd:cd14217   161 YVRRMAAEATEWQKAGAPPPSGSAVSTAP 189

Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Serine-aRginine Protein Kinase 2; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. SRPK2 mediates neuronal cell cycle and cell death through regulation of nuclear cyclin D1. It has also been found to promote leukemia cell proliferation by regulating cyclin A1. SRPK2 also plays a role in regulating pre-mRNA splicing and is required for spliceosomal B complex formation. SRPKs phosphorylate and regulate splicing factors from the SR protein family by specifically phosphorylating multiple serine residues residing in SR/RS dipeptide motifs (also known as RS domains). Phosphorylation of the RS domains enhances interaction with transportin SR and facilitates entry of the SR proteins into the nucleus. SRPKs contain a nonconserved insert domain, within the well-conserved catalytic kinase domain, that regulates their subcellular localization. The SRPK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 552 AKTRAADLLVNPLDPRNADKIRVKIADLGNACWVHKHFTEDIQTRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYL 631
Cdd:cd14217   184 AVSTAPDLLVNPLDPRNADKIRVKIADLGNACWVHKHFTEDIQTRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYL 263

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 632 FEPHSGEDYSRDEDHIAHIIELLGSIPRHFALSGKYSREFFNRRGELRHITKLKPWSLFDVLVEKYGWPHEDAAQFTDFL 711
Cdd:cd14217   264 FEPHSGEDYSRDEDHIAHIIELLGCIPRHFALSGKYSREFFNRRGELRHITKLKPWSLFDVLVEKYGWPHEDAAQFTDFL 343

                         170       180
                  ....*....|....*....|...
gi 1184495029 712 IPMLEMVPEKRASAGECLRHPWL 734
Cdd:cd14217   344 IPMLEMVPEKRASAGECLRHPWL 366

Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Serine-aRginine Protein Kinase; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. SRPKs phosphorylate and regulate splicing factors from the SR protein family by specifically phosphorylating multiple serine residues residing in SR/RS dipeptide motifs (also known as RS domains). Phosphorylation of the RS domains enhances interaction with transportin SR and facilitates entry of the SR proteins into the nucleus. SRPKs contain a nonconserved insert domain, within the well-conserved catalytic kinase domain, that regulates their subcellular localization. They play important roles in mediating pre-mRNA processing and mRNA maturation, as well as other cellular functions such as chromatin reorganization, cell cycle and p53 regulation, and metabolic signaling. Vertebrates contain three distinct SRPKs, called SRPK1-3. The SRPK homolog in budding yeast, Sky1p, recognizes and phosphorylates its substrate Npl3p, which lacks a classic RS domain but contains a single RS dipeptide at the C-terminus of its RGG domain. Npl3p is a shuttling heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) that exports a distinct class of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The SRPK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 564 LDPRN----ADKIRVKIADLGNACWVHKHFTEDIQTRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFEPHSGED 639
Cdd:cd14136   146 IKPENvllcISKIEVKIADLGNACWTDKHFTEDIQTRQYRSPEVILGAGYGTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFDPHSGED 225

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 640 YSRDEDHIAHIIELLGSIPRHFALSGKYSREFFNRRGELRHITKLKPWSLFDVLVEKYGWPHEDAAQFTDFLIPMLEMVP 719
Cdd:cd14136   226 YSRDEDHLALIIELLGRIPRSIILSGKYSREFFNRKGELRHISKLKPWPLEDVLVEKYKWSKEEAKEFASFLLPMLEYDP 305

                         170
                  ....*....|....*
gi 1184495029 720 EKRASAGECLRHPWL 734
Cdd:cd14136   306 EKRATAAQCLQHPWL 320

Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Serine-aRginine Protein Kinase 1; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. SRPK1 binds with high affinity the alternative splicing factor, SRSF1 (serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1), and regiospecifically phosphorylates 10-12 serines in its RS domain. It plays a role in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing, chromatin structure, and germ cell development. SRPKs phosphorylate and regulate splicing factors from the SR protein family by specifically phosphorylating multiple serine residues residing in SR/RS dipeptide motifs (also known as RS domains). Phosphorylation of the RS domains enhances interaction with transportin SR and facilitates entry of the SR proteins into the nucleus. SRPKs contain a nonconserved insert domain, within the well-conserved catalytic kinase domain, that regulates their subcellular localization. The SRPK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 558 DLLVNPLDPRNADKIRVKIADLGNACWVHKHFTEDIQTRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFEPHSG 637
Cdd:cd14216   173 NFLVNPLEPKNAEKLKVKIADLGNACWVHKHFTEDIQTRQYRSLEVLIGSGYNTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFEPHSG 252

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 638 EDYSRDEDHIAHIIELLGSIPRHFALSGKYSREFFNRRGELRHITKLKPWSLFDVLVEKYGWPHEDAAQFTDFLIPMLEM 717
Cdd:cd14216   253 EDYSRDEDHIALIIELLGKVPRKLIVAGKYSKEFFTKKGDLKHITKLKPWGLFEVLVEKYEWSQEEAAGFTDFLLPMLEL 332

                         170
                  ....*....|....*..
gi 1184495029 718 VPEKRASAGECLRHPWL 734
Cdd:cd14216   333 IPEKRATAAECLRHPWL 349

Catalytic domain of the Dual-specificity protein kinases, CDC-like kinases; Dual-specificity PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine (S/T) as well as tyrosine residues on protein substrates. CLKs are involved in the phosphorylation and regulation of serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins, which play a crucial role in pre-mRNA splicing by directing splice site selection. SR proteins are phosphorylated first by SR protein kinases (SRPKs) at the N-terminus, which leads to its assembly into nuclear speckles where splicing factors are stored. CLKs phosphorylate the C-terminal part of SR proteins, causing the nuclear speckles to dissolve and splicing factors to be recruited at sites of active transcription. Based on a conserved "EHLAMMERILG" signature motif which may be crucial for substrate specificity, CLKs are also referred to as LAMMER kinases. CLKs autophosphorylate at tyrosine residues and phosphorylate their substrates exclusively on S/T residues. In Drosophila, the CLK homolog DOA (Darkener of apricot) is essential for embryogenesis and its mutation leads to defects in sexual differentiation, eye formation, and neuronal development. In fission yeast, the CLK homolog Lkh1 is a negative regulator of filamentous growth and asexual flocculation, and is also involved in oxidative stress response. Vertebrates contain mutliple CLK proteins and mammals have four (CLK1-4). The CLK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 119 VKIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDPSdpNKDMVVQLID 198
Cdd:cd14134     4 YKPGDLLTNRYKILRLLGEGTFGKVLECWDRKRKRYVAVKIIRNVEKYREAAKIEIDVLETLAEKDPN--GKSHCVQLRD 81

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 199 DFKISGmngiHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHsKCKIIHTDIKPENILMcVDDAYVR 278
Cdd:cd14134    82 WFDYRG----HMCIVFELLGPSLYDFLKKNNYGPFPLEHVQHIAKQLLEAVAFLH-DLKLTHTDLKPENILL-VDSDYVK 155

Catalytic domain of the protein kinase, Dual-specificity tYrosine-phosphorylated and -Regulated Kinase; Protein Kinases (PKs), Dual-specificity tYrosine-phosphorylated and -Regulated Kinase (DYRK) subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. Dual-specificity PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine (S/T) as well as tyrosine residues on protein substrates. The DYRK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other protein S/T PKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). DYRKs autophosphorylate themselves on tyrosine residues and phosphorylate their substrates exclusively on S/T residues. They play important roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and development. Vertebrates contain multiple DYRKs (DYRK1-4) and mammals contain two types of DYRK1 proteins, DYRK1A and DYRK1B. DYRK1A is involved in neuronal differentiation and is implicated in the pathogenesis of DS (Down syndrome). DYRK1B plays a critical role in muscle differentiation by regulating transcription, cell motility, survival, and cell cycle progression. It is overexpressed in many solid tumors where it acts as a tumor survival factor. DYRK2 promotes apoptosis in response to DNA damage by phosphorylating the tumor suppressor p53, while DYRK3 promotes cell survival by phosphorylating SIRT1 and promoting p53 deacetylation. DYRK4 is a testis-specific kinase that may function during spermiogenesis.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 115 GYHPVKIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDPSDpnKDMVV 194
Cdd:cd14210     1 GDYKVVLGDHIAYRYEVLSVLGKGSFGQVVKCLDHKTGQLVAIKIIRNKKRFHQQALVEVKILKHLNDNDPDD--KHNIV 78

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1184495029 195 QLIDDFKISGmngiHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKcKIIHTDIKPENILMC 271
Cdd:cd14210    79 RYKDSFIFRG----HLCIVFELLSINLYELLKSNNFQGLSLSLIRKFAKQILQALQFLHKL-NIIHCDLKPENILLK 150

Catalytic domain of the protein kinase, Dual-specificity tYrosine-phosphorylated and -Regulated Kinase; Protein Kinases (PKs), Dual-specificity tYrosine-phosphorylated and -Regulated Kinase (DYRK) subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. Dual-specificity PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine (S/T) as well as tyrosine residues on protein substrates. The DYRK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other protein S/T PKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). DYRKs autophosphorylate themselves on tyrosine residues and phosphorylate their substrates exclusively on S/T residues. They play important roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and development. Vertebrates contain multiple DYRKs (DYRK1-4) and mammals contain two types of DYRK1 proteins, DYRK1A and DYRK1B. DYRK1A is involved in neuronal differentiation and is implicated in the pathogenesis of DS (Down syndrome). DYRK1B plays a critical role in muscle differentiation by regulating transcription, cell motility, survival, and cell cycle progression. It is overexpressed in many solid tumors where it acts as a tumor survival factor. DYRK2 promotes apoptosis in response to DNA damage by phosphorylating the tumor suppressor p53, while DYRK3 promotes cell survival by phosphorylating SIRT1 and promoting p53 deacetylation. DYRK4 is a testis-specific kinase that may function during spermiogenesis.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 559 LLVNPldprnaDKIRVKIADLGNACWVHKHFTEDIQTRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFephSGE 638
Cdd:cd14210   148 LLKQP------SKSSIKVIDFGSSCFEGEKVYTYIQSRFYRAPEVILGLPYDTAIDMWSLGCILAELYTGYPLF---PGE 218

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 639 DysrDEDHIAHIIELLGSIPRHFALSGKYSREFFNRRGELRHITklkpwslfdVLVEKYGWP---------HEDAAQFTD 709
Cdd:cd14210   219 N---EEEQLACIMEVLGVPPKSLIDKASRRKKFFDSNGKPRPTT---------NSKGKKRRPgskslaqvlKCDDPSFLD 286

                         170       180
                  ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1184495029 710 FLIPMLEMVPEKRASAGECLRHPWL 734
Cdd:cd14210   287 FLKKCLRWDPSERMTPEEALQHPWI 311

Catalytic domain of the Dual-specificity protein kinase, YAK1; Dual-specificity PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine (S/T) as well as tyrosine residues on protein substrates. This subfamily is composed of proteins with similarity to Saccharomyces cerevisiae YAK1 (or Yak1p), a dual-specificity kinase that autophosphorylates at tyrosine residues and phosphorylates substrates on S/T residues. YAK1 phosphorylates and activates the transcription factors Hsf1 and Msn2, which play important roles in cellular homeostasis during stress conditions including heat shock, oxidative stress, and nutrient deficiency. It also phosphorylates the protein POP2, a component of a complex that regulates transcription, under glucose-deprived conditions. It functions as a part of a glucose-sensing system that is involved in controlling growth in yeast. The YAK1 subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 129 YHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDpSDPNKDMVVQLIDDFkisgMNGI 208
Cdd:cd14212     1 YLVLDLLGQGTFGQVVKCQDLKTNKLVAVKVLKNKPAYFRQAMLEIAILTLLNTKY-DPEDKHHIVRLLDHF----MHHG 75

                          90       100       110       120       130       140
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1184495029 209 HVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHsKCKIIHTDIKPENILMCVDDA 275
Cdd:cd14212    76 HLCIVFELLGVNLYELLKQNQFRGLSLQLIRKFLQQLLDALSVLK-DARIIHCDLKPENILLVNLDS 141

Catalytic domain of the protein kinase, Dual-specificity tYrosine-phosphorylated and -Regulated Kinase 1; Dual-specificity PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine (S/T) as well as tyrosine residues on protein substrates. Mammals contain two types of DYRK1 proteins, DYRK1A and DYRK1B. DYRK1A was previously called minibrain kinase homolog (MNBH) or dual-specificity YAK1-related kinase. It phosphorylates various substrates and is involved in many cellular events. It phosphorylates and inhibits the transcription factors, nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and forkhead in rhabdomyosarcoma (FKHR). It regulates neuronal differentiation by targetting CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein). It also targets many endocytic proteins including dynamin and amphiphysin and may play a role in the endocytic pathway. The gene encoding DYRK1A is located in the DSCR (Down syndrome critical region) of human chromosome 21 and DYRK1A has been implicated in the pathogenesis of DS. DYRK1B, also called minibrain-related kinase (MIRK), is highly expressed in muscle and plays a critical role in muscle differentiation by regulating transcription, cell motility, survival, and cell cycle progression. It is overexpressed in many solid tumors where it acts as a tumor survival factor. DYRKs autophosphorylate themselves on tyrosine residues and phosphorylate their substrates exclusively on S/T residues. The DYRK1 subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 119 VKIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDPSDPNKdmVVQLID 198
Cdd:cd14226     5 VKNGEKWMDRYEIDSLIGKGSFGQVVKAYDHVEQEWVAIKIIKNKKAFLNQAQIEVRLLELMNKHDTENKYY--IVRLKR 82

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1184495029 199 DFKISGmngiHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYL-HSKCKIIHTDIKPENILMC 271
Cdd:cd14226    83 HFMFRN----HLCLVFELLSYNLYDLLRNTNFRGVSLNLTRKFAQQLCTALLFLsTPELSIIHCDLKPENILLC 152

Catalytic domain of CMGC family Serine/Threonine Kinases; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. The CMGC family consists of Cyclin-Dependent protein Kinases (CDKs), Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) such as Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERKs), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), and p38, and other kinases. CDKs belong to a large subfamily of STKs that are regulated by their cognate cyclins. Together, they are involved in the control of cell-cycle progression, transcription, and neuronal function. MAPKs serve as important mediators of cellular responses to extracellular signals. They control critical cellular functions including differentiation, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. They are also implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases including multiple types of cancer, stroke, diabetes, and chronic inflammation. Other members of the CMGC family include casein kinase 2 (CK2), Dual-specificity tYrosine-phosphorylated and -Regulated Kinase (DYRK), Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK3), among many others. The CMGC family is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 568 NADKIRVKIADLGNACWVHKHF-TEDIQTRQYRSIEVLIGA-GYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFEPHSgedysrDED 645
Cdd:cd05118   135 NLELGQLKLADFGLARSFTSPPyTPYVATRWYRAPEVLLGAkPYGSSIDIWSLGCILAELLTGRPLFPGDS------EVD 208

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 646 HIAHIIELLGsiprhfalsgkysreffnrrgelrhitklkpwslfdvlvekygwphedAAQFTDFLIPMLEMVPEKRASA 725
Cdd:cd05118   209 QLAKIVRLLG------------------------------------------------TPEALDLLSKMLKYDPAKRITA 240

                  ....*....
gi 1184495029 726 GECLRHPWL 734
Cdd:cd05118   241 SQALAHPYF 249

Catalytic domain of Cyclin-Dependent protein Kinase-like Serine/Threonine Kinases; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. CDKs belong to a large family of STKs that are regulated by their cognate cyclins. Together, they are involved in the control of cell-cycle progression, transcription, and neuronal function. CDKs are partly regulated by their subcellular localization, which defines substrate phosphorylation and the resulting specific function. CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6 have well-defined functions in the cell cycle, such as the regulation of the early G1 phase by CDK4 or CDK6, the G1/S phase transition by CDK2, or the entry of mitosis by CDK1. They also exhibit overlapping cyclin specificity and functions in certain conditions. Knockout mice with a single CDK deleted remain viable with specific phenotypes, showing that some CDKs can compensate for each other. For example, CDK4 can compensate for the loss of CDK6, however, double knockout mice with both CDK4 and CDK6 deleted die in utero. CDK8 and CDK9 are mainly involved in transcription while CDK5 is implicated in neuronal function. CDK7 plays essential roles in both the cell cycle as a CDK-Activating Kinase (CAK) and in transcription as a component of the general transcription factor TFIIH. The CDK-like subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 129 YHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQH---YTETALDEIKLLKcvresDPSDPNkdmVVQLIDdfKISGM 205
Cdd:cd07829     1 YEKLEKLGEGTYGVVYKAKDKKTGEIVALKKIRLDNEeegIPSTALREISLLK-----ELKHPN---IVKLLD--VIHTE 70

                          90       100       110       120       130       140
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1184495029 206 NGIHvcMVFEVLgHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKcKIIHTDIKPENILM 270
Cdd:cd07829    71 NKLY--LVFEYC-DQDLKKYLDKRPGPLPPNLIKSIMYQLLRGLAYCHSH-RILHRDLKPQNLLI 131

Catalytic domain of the Dual-specificity protein kinase, YAK1; Dual-specificity PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine (S/T) as well as tyrosine residues on protein substrates. This subfamily is composed of proteins with similarity to Saccharomyces cerevisiae YAK1 (or Yak1p), a dual-specificity kinase that autophosphorylates at tyrosine residues and phosphorylates substrates on S/T residues. YAK1 phosphorylates and activates the transcription factors Hsf1 and Msn2, which play important roles in cellular homeostasis during stress conditions including heat shock, oxidative stress, and nutrient deficiency. It also phosphorylates the protein POP2, a component of a complex that regulates transcription, under glucose-deprived conditions. It functions as a part of a glucose-sensing system that is involved in controlling growth in yeast. The YAK1 subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 559 LLVNPLDPRnadkirVKIADLGNACWVHKHFTEDIQTRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFePHSGE 638
Cdd:cd14212   135 LLVNLDSPE------IKLIDFGSACFENYTLYTYIQSRFYRSPEVLLGLPYSTAIDMWSLGCIAAELFLGLPLF-PGNSE 207

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 639 dYsrdeDHIAHIIELLGSIPRHFALSGKYSREFFNRRG----------------ELRHITKLKP------WSLFDVLVEK 696
Cdd:cd14212   208 -Y----NQLSRIIEMLGMPPDWMLEKGKNTNKFFKKVAksggrstyrlktpeefEAENNCKLEPgkryfkYKTLEDIIMN 282

                         170       180       190       200
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1184495029 697 YGWPHEDAAQ----------FTDFLIPMLEMVPEKRASAGECLRHPWL 734
Cdd:cd14212   283 YPMKKSKKEQidkemetrlaFIDFLKGLLEYDPKKRWTPDQALNHPFI 330

Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Pre-mRNA-Processing factor 4; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. PRP4 phosphorylates a number of factors involved in the formation of active spliceosomes, which catalyze pre-mRNA splicing. It phosphorylates PRP6 and PRP31, components of the U4/U6-U5 tri-small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP), during spliceosomal complex formation. In fission yeast, PRP4 phosphorylates the splicing factor PRP1 (U5-102 kD in mammals). Thus, PRP4 plays a key role in regulating spliceosome assembly and pre-mRNA splicing. It also plays an important role in mitosis by acting as a spindle assembly checkpoint kinase that is required for chromosome alignment and the recruitment of the checkpoint proteins MPS1, MAD1, and MAD2 at kinetochores. The PRP4 subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 128 RYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQ-GKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDPSDpnKDMVVQLIDDFKISGmn 206
Cdd:cd14135     1 RYRVYGYLGKGVFSNVVRARDLArGNQEVAIKIIRNNELMHKAGLKELEILKKLNDADPDD--KKHCIRLLRHFEHKN-- 76

                          90       100       110       120       130       140
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1184495029 207 giHVCMVFEVLgHHLLKWIIK--SNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLhSKCKIIHTDIKPENIL 269
Cdd:cd14135    77 --HLCLVFESL-SMNLREVLKkyGKNVGLNIKAVRSYAQQLFLALKHL-KKCNILHADIKPDNIL 137

Catalytic domain of Cyclin-Dependent protein Kinase Like Serine/Threonine Kinases; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. This subfamily is composed of CDKL1-5 and similar proteins. Some CDKLs, like CDKL1 and CDKL3, may be implicated in transformation and others, like CDKL3 and CDKL5, are associated with mental retardation when impaired. CDKL2 plays a role in learning and memory. CDKs belong to a large family of STKs that are regulated by their cognate cyclins. Together, they are involved in the control of cell-cycle progression, transcription, and neuronal function. The CDKL subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 127 GRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVK---SAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVREsdpsdPNkdmVVQLIDDFKIS 203
Cdd:cd07833     1 NKYEVLGVVGEGAYGVVLKCRNKATGEIVAIKKFKeseDDEDVKKTALREVKVLRQLRH-----EN---IVNLKEAFRRK 72

                          90       100       110       120       130       140
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1184495029 204 GmngiHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYqGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKcKIIHTDIKPENIL 269
Cdd:cd07833    73 G----RLYLVFEYVERTLLELLEASPG-GLPPDAVRSYIWQLLQAIAYCHSH-NIIHRDIKPENIL 132

Catalytic domain of the protein kinase, Dual-specificity tYrosine-phosphorylated and -Regulated Kinase 4; Dual-specificity PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine (S/T) as well as tyrosine residues on protein substrates. DYRK4 is a testis-specific kinase with restricted expression to postmeiotic spermatids. It may function during spermiogenesis, however, it is not required for male fertility. DYRK4 has also been detected in a human teratocarcinoma cell line induced to produce postmitotic neurons. It may have a role in neuronal differentiation. DYRKs autophosphorylate themselves on tyrosine residues and phosphorylate their substrates exclusively on S/T residues. They play important roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and development. The DYRK4 subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029  99 GSDDEEqedpadyckGGYHPVkIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLK 178
Cdd:cd14225    25 GYDDEN---------GSYLKV-LHDHIAYRYEILEVIGKGSFGQVVKALDHKTNEHVAIKIIRNKKRFHHQALVEVKILD 94

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 179 CVRESDPSdpNKDMVVQLIDDFKISGmngiHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHsKCKI 258
Cdd:cd14225    95 ALRRKDRD--NSHNVIHMKEYFYFRN----HLCITFELLGMNLYELIKKNNFQGFSLSLIRRFAISLLQCLRLLY-RERI 167

                         170
                  ....*....|..
gi 1184495029 259 IHTDIKPENILM 270
Cdd:cd14225   168 IHCDLKPENILL 179

Catalytic domain of the protein kinase, Dual-specificity tYrosine-phosphorylated and -Regulated Kinase 4; Dual-specificity PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine (S/T) as well as tyrosine residues on protein substrates. DYRK4 is a testis-specific kinase with restricted expression to postmeiotic spermatids. It may function during spermiogenesis, however, it is not required for male fertility. DYRK4 has also been detected in a human teratocarcinoma cell line induced to produce postmitotic neurons. It may have a role in neuronal differentiation. DYRKs autophosphorylate themselves on tyrosine residues and phosphorylate their substrates exclusively on S/T residues. They play important roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and development. The DYRK4 subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 574 VKIADLGNACWVHKHFTEDIQTRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFephSGEDysrDEDHIAHIIEL 653
Cdd:cd14225   187 IKVIDFGSSCYEHQRVYTYIQSRFYRSPEVILGLPYSMAIDMWSLGCILAELYTGYPLF---PGEN---EVEQLACIMEV 260

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495029 654 LGSIPRHFALSGKYSREFFNRRGELRHIT-----KLKPWS--LFDVLvekygwpHEDAAQFTDFLIPMLEMVPEKRASAG 726
Cdd:cd14225   261 LGLPPPELIENAQRRRLFFDSKGNPRCITnskgkKRRPNSkdLASAL-------KTSDPLFLDFIRRCLEWDPSKRMTPD 333