PDZ domain 2 of syntenin-1, syntenin-2, and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 2 of syntenin-1, syntenin-2, and related domains. Syntenins are implicated in various cellular processes such as trafficking, signaling, and cancer metastasis. They bind to signaling and adhesion molecules, such as syndecans, neurexins, ephrin B, and phospholipid PIP2. Through its tandem PDZ domains (PDZ1 and PDZ2) syntenin links syndecans to other cell surface receptors and kinases, such as E-cadherin and ephrin-B, establishing signaling crosstalk. During syndecan binding, syntenin PDZ2 serves as a high-affinity domain, and PDZ1, also necessary for binding, acts as a complementary, low-affinity domain; this is also the case for syntenin binding to proto-oncogene c-Src. The syntenin PDZ domain-PIP2 interaction controls Arf6-mediated syndecan recycling through endosomal compartments; both PDZ1 and PDZ2 interact with PIP2. Different binding partners and downstream regulators of syntenin1 PDZ domains, such as to proto-oncogene c-Src, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), have been identified that promote the progression and invasion of a variety of cancers, such as melanoma, glioblastoma multiforme, and breast cancer. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This syntenin-like family domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged as beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta- strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1060099007 213 RPFERTITMHKDSTGHVGFIFKNGKITSIVKDSSAARNGLLTEHNICEINGQNVIGLKDSQIADILSTSGTVVTITIM 290
Cdd:cd06794     1 RPFERTITMHKDSTGHVGFVFKNGKITSIVKDSSAARNGLLTDHQLCEVNGQNVIGLKDKEIADILATAGRVVTITIM 78

PDZ domain 2 of syntenin-1, syntenin-2, and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 2 of syntenin-1, syntenin-2, and related domains. Syntenins are implicated in various cellular processes such as trafficking, signaling, and cancer metastasis. They bind to signaling and adhesion molecules, such as syndecans, neurexins, ephrin B, and phospholipid PIP2. Through its tandem PDZ domains (PDZ1 and PDZ2) syntenin links syndecans to other cell surface receptors and kinases, such as E-cadherin and ephrin-B, establishing signaling crosstalk. During syndecan binding, syntenin PDZ2 serves as a high-affinity domain, and PDZ1, also necessary for binding, acts as a complementary, low-affinity domain; this is also the case for syntenin binding to proto-oncogene c-Src. The syntenin PDZ domain-PIP2 interaction controls Arf6-mediated syndecan recycling through endosomal compartments; both PDZ1 and PDZ2 interact with PIP2. Different binding partners and downstream regulators of syntenin1 PDZ domains, such as to proto-oncogene c-Src, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), have been identified that promote the progression and invasion of a variety of cancers, such as melanoma, glioblastoma multiforme, and breast cancer. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This syntenin-like family domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged as beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta- strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1060099007 213 RPFERTITMHKDSTGHVGFIFKNGKITSIVKDSSAARNGLLTEHNICEINGQNVIGLKDSQIADILSTSGTVVTITIM 290
Cdd:cd06794     1 RPFERTITMHKDSTGHVGFVFKNGKITSIVKDSSAARNGLLTDHQLCEVNGQNVIGLKDKEIADILATAGRVVTITIM 78

Domain present in PSD-95, Dlg, and ZO-1/2; Also called DHR (Dlg homologous region) or GLGF (relatively well conserved tetrapeptide in these domains). Some PDZs have been shown to bind C-terminal polypeptides; others appear to bind internal (non-C-terminal) polypeptides. Different PDZs possess different binding specificities.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1060099007  132 IREVILCKDQDGkIGLRLKSI---DNGIFVQLVQANSPASLVGLRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQAfGEKITM 208
Cdd:smart00228   2 PRLVELEKGGGG-LGFSLVGGkdeGGGVVVSSVVPGSPAAKAGLRVGDVILEVNGTSVEGLTHLEAVDLLKKA-GGKVTL 79

                   ....*.
gi 1060099007  209 TIRDRP 214
Cdd:smart00228  80 TVLRGG 85

PDZ domain; PDZ domains are found in diverse signaling proteins.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1060099007 134 EVILCKDQDGKIGLRLKS----IDNGIFVQLVQANSPASLVGLRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQAfGEKITMT 209
Cdd:pfam00595   1 QVTLEKDGRGGLGFSLKGgsdqGDPGIFVSEVLPGGAAEAGGLKVGDRILSINGQDVENMTHEEAVLALKGS-GGKVTLT 79

                  ..
gi 1060099007 210 IR 211
Cdd:pfam00595  80 IL 81

PDZ domain; PDZ domains are found in diverse signaling proteins.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1060099007 218 TITMHKDSTGHVGF--------IFKNGKITSIVKDSSAARNGLLTEHNICEINGQNVIGLKDSQIADILSTSGTVVTITI 289
Cdd:pfam00595   1 QVTLEKDGRGGLGFslkggsdqGDPGIFVSEVLPGGAAEAGGLKVGDRILSINGQDVENMTHEEAVLALKGSGGKVTLTI 80

                  .
gi 1060099007 290 M 290
Cdd:pfam00595  81 L 81

PDZ domain 2 of syntenin-1, syntenin-2, and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 2 of syntenin-1, syntenin-2, and related domains. Syntenins are implicated in various cellular processes such as trafficking, signaling, and cancer metastasis. They bind to signaling and adhesion molecules, such as syndecans, neurexins, ephrin B, and phospholipid PIP2. Through its tandem PDZ domains (PDZ1 and PDZ2) syntenin links syndecans to other cell surface receptors and kinases, such as E-cadherin and ephrin-B, establishing signaling crosstalk. During syndecan binding, syntenin PDZ2 serves as a high-affinity domain, and PDZ1, also necessary for binding, acts as a complementary, low-affinity domain; this is also the case for syntenin binding to proto-oncogene c-Src. The syntenin PDZ domain-PIP2 interaction controls Arf6-mediated syndecan recycling through endosomal compartments; both PDZ1 and PDZ2 interact with PIP2. Different binding partners and downstream regulators of syntenin1 PDZ domains, such as to proto-oncogene c-Src, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), have been identified that promote the progression and invasion of a variety of cancers, such as melanoma, glioblastoma multiforme, and breast cancer. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This syntenin-like family domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged as beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta- strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1060099007 213 RPFERTITMHKDSTGHVGFIFKNGKITSIVKDSSAARNGLLTEHNICEINGQNVIGLKDSQIADILSTSGTVVTITIM 290
Cdd:cd06794     1 RPFERTITMHKDSTGHVGFVFKNGKITSIVKDSSAARNGLLTDHQLCEVNGQNVIGLKDKEIADILATAGRVVTITIM 78

canonical PDZ domain; Canonical PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain. PDZ domains usually bind to short specific peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins known as PDZ binding motifs. These domains can also interact with internal peptide motifs and certain lipids, and can take part in a head-to-tail oligomerization with other PDZ domains. The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. The canonical PDZ domain contains six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1060099007 134 EVILCKDQDGKIGLRL---KSIDNGIFVQLVQANSPASLVG-LRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQAfGEKITMT 209
Cdd:cd00136     1 TVTLEKDPGGGLGFSIrggKDGGGGIFVSRVEPGGPAARDGrLRVGDRILEVNGVSLEGLTHEEAVELLKSA-GGEVTLT 79

                  ..
gi 1060099007 210 IR 211
Cdd:cd00136    80 VR 81

canonical PDZ domain; Canonical PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain. PDZ domains usually bind to short specific peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins known as PDZ binding motifs. These domains can also interact with internal peptide motifs and certain lipids, and can take part in a head-to-tail oligomerization with other PDZ domains. The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. The canonical PDZ domain contains six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1060099007 218 TITMHKDSTGHVGFIFKNGK-------ITSIVKDSSAARNGLLTE-HNICEINGQNVIGLKDSQIADILSTSGTVVTITI 289
Cdd:cd00136     1 TVTLEKDPGGGLGFSIRGGKdggggifVSRVEPGGPAARDGRLRVgDRILEVNGVSLEGLTHEEAVELLKSAGGEVTLTV 80

                  .
gi 1060099007 290 M 290
Cdd:cd00136    81 R 81

PDZ domain; PDZ domains are found in diverse signaling proteins.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1060099007 134 EVILCKDQDGKIGLRLKS----IDNGIFVQLVQANSPASLVGLRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQAfGEKITMT 209
Cdd:pfam00595   1 QVTLEKDGRGGLGFSLKGgsdqGDPGIFVSEVLPGGAAEAGGLKVGDRILSINGQDVENMTHEEAVLALKGS-GGKVTLT 79

                  ..
gi 1060099007 210 IR 211
Cdd:pfam00595  80 IL 81

PDZ domain of tax1-binding protein 3 (TAX1BP3), and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain of TAX1BP3, and related domains. TAX1BP3 (also known as glutaminase-interacting protein 3, tax interaction protein 1, TIP-1, tax-interacting protein 1) may regulate a number of protein-protein interactions by competing for PDZ domain binding sites. TAX1BP3 binds beta-catenin and may act as an inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway. It competes with LIN7A (also known as Lin-7A or LIN-7A) for inward rectifier potassium channel 4 (KCNJ4) binding, and thereby promotes KCNJ4 internalization. It may play a role in the Rho signaling pathway, and in the activation of CDC42 by the viral protein HPV16 E6. Binding partners of the TAX1BP3 PDZ domain include beta-catenin, KCNJ4, glutaminase liver isoform (GLS2), rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 16 (ARHGEF16), rhotekin, and CDK5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 3 (also known as LAPZ). PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This TAX1BP3-like family domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1060099007 153 DNGIFVQLVQANSPASLVGLRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQ 200
Cdd:cd10822    36 DKGIYVTRVSEGGPAEKAGLQVGDKILQVNGWDMTMVTHKQAVKRLTK 83

PDZ domain 3 of Discs Large 5 (Dlg5) and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 3 of Drosophila and mammalian Dlg5, and related domains. Dlg5 is a scaffold protein with multiple conserved functions that are independent of each other in regulating growth, cell polarity, and cell adhesion. It has a coiled-coil domain, 4 PDZ domains and a MAGUK domain (an SH3 domain next to a non-catalytically active guanylate kinase domain). Deregulation of Dlg5 has been implicated in the malignancy of several cancer types. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This Dlg5-like family PDZ3 domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1060099007 133 REVILCKDQDGkIGLRLKS-IDNGIFVQLVQANSPASLVGLRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQAfGEKITM 208
Cdd:cd06767     4 RHVSIEKGSEP-LGISIVSgENGGIFVSSVTEGSLAHQAGLEYGDQLLEVNGINLRNATEQQAALILRQC-GDTITM 78

PDZ domain 4 of PDZ domain containing 2 (PDZD2), PDZ domain 2 of human pro-interleukin-16 (isoform 1, 1332 AA), and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 4 of PDZD2, also known as KIAA0300, PIN-1, activated in prostate cancer (AIPC) and PDZ domain-containing protein 3 (PDZK3). PDZD2 has seven PDZ domains. PDZD2 is expressed at exceptionally high levels in the pancreas and certain cancer tissues, such as prostate cancer. It promotes the proliferation of insulinoma cells and is upregulated during prostate tumorigenesis. In osteosarcoma (OS), the microRNA miR-363 acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting PDZD2. This family also includes the second PDZ domain (PDZ2) of human pro-interleukin-16 (isoform 1, also known as nPro-Il-16; 1332 amino-acid protein). Precursor IL-16 is cleaved to produce pro-IL-16 and mature IL-16 (derived from the C-terminal 121 AA). Pro-IL-16 functions as a regulator of T cell growth; mature IL-16 is a CD4 ligand that induces chemotaxis and CD25 expression in CD4+ T cells. IL-16 bioactivity has been closely associated with the progression of several different cancers PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This PDZD2-like family PDZ4 domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1060099007 132 IREVILCKDQDGKIGLRLKSIDN-----GIFVQLVQANSPASLVG-LRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQAFGEK 205
Cdd:cd06760     4 IMEVTLNKEPGVGLGIGLCCLPLendipGIFIHHLSPGSVAHMDGrLRRGDQILEINGTSLRNVTLNEAYAILSQCKPGP 83

                  ....*.
gi 1060099007 206 ITMTIR 211
Cdd:cd06760    84 VTLIIS 89

PDZ domain 3 of Zonula Occludens-1 (ZO-1), homologs ZO-2 and ZO-3, and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 3 of ZO-1, -2, -3 and related domains. Zonula occludens proteins (ZO-1, ZO-2, ZO-3) are multi-PDZ domain proteins involved in the maintenance and biogenesis of multi-protein networks at the cytoplasmic surface of intercellular contacts in epithelial and endothelial cells. They have three N-terminal PDZ domains, PDZ1-3, followed by a Src homology-3 (SH3) domain and a guanylate kinase (GuK)-like domain. Among protein-protein interactions for all ZO proteins is the binding of the first PDZ domain (PDZ1) to the C-termini of claudins , and the homo- and hetero-dimerization of ZO-proteins via their second PDZ domain (PDZ2), which takes place by symmetrical domain swapping of the first two beta-strands of PDZ2. At the cell level, ZO-1 and ZO-2 are involved in polarity maintenance, gene transcription, cell proliferation, and tumor cell metastasis. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This ZO family PDZ3 domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1060099007 142 DGKIGLRLKS-IDNGIFVQLVQANSPASLVGLRFGDQVLQINGEN 185
Cdd:cd06729    10 GGSVGLRLAGgNDVGIFVAGVQEGSPAEKQGLQEGDQILKVNGVD 54

PDZ domain 2 of the full-length isoform of whirlin and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 2 of the full-length isoform of whirlin and related domains. Whirlin is an essential protein for developmental pathways in photoreceptor cells of the retina and hair cells of the inner ear. The full-length whirlin isoform has two harmonin N-like domains, three PDZ domains, a proline-rich region, and a PDZ-binding motif. Whirlin isoforms may form different complexes at the periciliary membrane complex (PMC) in photoreceptors, and the stereociliary tip and base in inner ear hair cells. It interacts with ADGRV1 and usherin at the PMC; with SANS and RpgrORF15 at the connecting cilium in photoreceptors; with EPS8, MYO15A, p55, and CASK proteins at the stereociliary tip of inner ear hair cells; and with ADGRV1, usherin, and PDZD7 at the stereociliary base in inner ear hair cells. Mutations in the gene encoding whirlin (WHRN; also known as USH2D and DFNB31), have been found to cause either USH2 subtype (USH2D) or autosomal recessive non-syndromic deafness type 31 (DFNB31). Whirlin is the key protein in the USH2 complex (whirlin, usherin and GPR98) which recruits other USH2 causative proteins at the periciliary membrane in photoreceptors and the ankle link of the stereocilia in hair cells. Whirlin's interaction with espin, another stereociliary protein, may be important for the architecture of the USH2 complex. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This whirlin family PDZ2 domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1060099007 155 GIFVQLVQANSPASLVGLRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQAfgEKITMTIRD 212
Cdd:cd06741    27 GIYVTGVDPGSVAENAGLKVGDQILEVNGRSFLDITHDEAVKILKSS--KHLIMTVKD 82

circularly permuted PDZ domain of C-terminal processing peptidase (CPP), a serine protease, and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain of CPP (also known as tail-specific protease, PRC protein, Protease Re, and Photosystem II D1 protein processing peptidase), and related domains. CPP belongs to the peptidase S41A family. It cleaves a C-terminal 11 residue peptide from the precursor form of penicillin-binding protein 3, and may have a role in protecting bacterium from thermal and osmotic stresses. In the plant chloroplast, the enzyme removes the C-terminal extension of the D1 polypeptide of photosystem II. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains and as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping of beta-strands. The canonical PDZ domain contains six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2); arranged as A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F. This CPP-like PDZ domain is a circularly permuted PDZ domain which places beta-strand A on the C-terminus. Another permutation exists in the PDZ superfamily which places both beta-strands A and B on the C-terminus.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1060099007 145 IGLRLKSIDNG-IFVQLVQANSPASLVGLRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQAFGEKITMTIR----DRPFERTI 219
Cdd:cd06782     4 IGIEIGKDDDGyLVVVSPIPGGPAEKAGIKPGDVIVAVDGESVRGMSLDEVVKLLRGPKGTKVKLTIRrggeGEPRDVTL 83

                  .
gi 1060099007 220 T 220
Cdd:cd06782    84 T 84

PDZ domain 1 of the full-length isoform of whirlin and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 1 of the full-length isoform of whirlin and related domains. Whirlin is an essential protein for developmental pathways in photoreceptor cells of the retina and hair cells of the inner ear. The full-length whirlin isoform has two harmonin N-like domains, three PDZ domains, a proline-rich region, and a PDZ-binding motif. Whirlin isoforms may form different complexes at the periciliary membrane complex (PMC) in photoreceptors, and the stereociliary tip and base in inner ear hair cells. It interacts with ADGRV1 and usherin at the PMC; with SANS and RpgrORF15 at the connecting cilium in photoreceptors; with EPS8, MYO15A, p55, and CASK proteins at the stereociliary tip of inner ear hair cells; and with ADGRV1, usherin, and PDZD7 at the stereociliary base in inner ear hair cells. Mutations in the gene encoding whirlin (WHRN; also known as USH2D and DFNB31), have been found to cause either USH2 subtype (USH2D) or autosomal recessive non-syndromic deafness type 31 (DFNB31). Whirlin is the key protein in the USH2 complex (whirlin, usherin and GPR98) which recruits other USH2 causative proteins at the periciliary membrane in photoreceptors and the ankle link of the stereocilia in hair cells. Whirlin's interaction with espin, another stereociliary protein, may be important for the architecture of the USH2 complex. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This whirlin family PDZ1 domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1060099007 155 GIFVQLVQANSPASLVGLRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQafGEKITMTIR 211
Cdd:cd06740    28 GIYVSLVEPGSLAEKEGLRVGDQILRVNDVSFEKVTHAEAVKILRV--SKKLVLSVR 82

Predicted metalloprotease, contains C-terminal PDZ domain [General function prediction only];

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1060099007 145 IGLRLKSIDNGIFVQLVQANSPASLVGLRFGDQVLQINGENCagwSSDKAHKVLKQA-FGEKITMTI--RDRPFERTITM 221
Cdd:COG3975   485 LGLRVSADGGGLVVTSVLWGSPAYKAGLSAGDELLAIDGLRV---TADNLDDALAAYkPGDPIELLVfrRDELRTVTVTL 561

                  ...
gi 1060099007 222 HKD 224
Cdd:COG3975   562 AAA 564

PDZ domains of the Na+/H+ exchange regulatory cofactor (NHERF) family (NHERF1-4), and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain of the Na+/H+ exchange regulatory cofactor (NHERF) family of multi-PDZ-domain-containing scaffolding proteins (NHERF1-4), and related domains. The NHERF family includes NHERF1 (also known as EBP50), NHERF2 (also known as E3KARP; TKA-1; SIP-1), NHERF3 (also known as CAP70; CLAMP; Napi-Cap-1; PDZD1) and NHERF4 (also known as IKEPP; PDZK2; Napi-Cap-2). NHERF1 and NHERF2 have tandem PDZ domains (PDZ1-2); NHERF3 and NHERF4 have four PDZ domains (PDZ1-4). NHERFs are involved in the regulation of multiple receptors or transporters, such as type II sodium-phosphate cotransporter (Npt2a), purinergic P2Y1 receptor P2Y1R, the beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2-AR), parathyroid hormone receptor type 1 (PTHR), the lysophosphatidic acid receptors (LPARs), sodium-hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3), and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). NHERF-PDZ1 domain interaction partners include Npt2a, purinergic P2Y1 receptor, beta2-AR, CFTR, PTHR, NH3, G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 (GRK6A), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), B1 subunit of the H+ATPase, cholesterol, receptor for activated C-kinase RACK1, aquaporin 9, among others. The NHERF PDZ2 domain interacts with fewer proteins: NHERF1 PDZ2 binds Npt2a, PTHR, beta-catenin, aquaporin 9, and RACK1; NHERF2 PDZ2 binds LPA2, P2Y1R, and NHE3, cGMP-dependent protein kinase type II (cGKII). NHERF4 PDZ1 and PDZ4 bind the epithelial Ca(2+) channels TRPV5 and TRPV6. NHERF2/NHERF3 heterodimerization is mediated by PDZ domains of NHERF2 and the C-terminal PDZ domain recognition motif of NHERF3. NHERF4 regulates several transporters mediating influx of xenobiotics and nutrients in the small intestine. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This NHERF-like family domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1060099007 217 RTITMHKDSTGHvGFIFKNGK------ITSIVKDSSAARNGLLTEHNICEINGQNVIGLKDSQIADILSTSGTVVTITIM 290
Cdd:cd06768     1 RLCHLVKGPEGY-GFNLHAEKgrpghfIREVDPGSPAERAGLKDGDRLVEVNGENVEGESHEQVVEKIKASGNQVTLLVV 79

PDZ domain 9 of multi-PDZ-domain protein 1 (MUPP1) and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 9 of MUPP1. MUPP1 and PATJ serve as scaffolding proteins linking different proteins and protein complexes involved in the organization of tight junctions and epithelial polarity. MUPP1 contains an L27 (Lin-2 and Lin-7 binding) domain and 13 PDZ domains. PATJ (also known as INAD-like) contains an L27 domain and ten PDZ domains. PATJ lacks 3 PDZ domains seen in MUPP1: PDZ6, PDZ9, and PDZ13. This MuPP1-like PDZ9 domain is therefore absent from PATJ. MUPP1 and PATJ share several binding partners, including junctional adhesion molecules (JAM), zonula occludens (ZO)-3, Pals1 (protein associated with Lin-7), Par (partitioning defective)-6 proteins, and nectins (adherence junction adhesion molecules). PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This MUPP1-like family PDZ9 domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1060099007 135 VILCKDQDG-KIGLRLKSIDNGIFVQLVQANSPASLVG-LRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQAFG 203
Cdd:cd10817     2 VELPKDQGGlGIAISEEDTENGIVIKSLTEGGPAAKDGrLKVGDQILAVDDESVVGCPYEKAISLLKTAKG 72

PDZ domain 12 of multi-PDZ-domain protein 1 (MUPP1), PDZ domain 10 of protein-associated tight junction (PATJ, and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 12 of MUPP1, PDZ domain 10 of PATJ, and related domains. MUPP1 and PATJ serve as scaffolding proteins linking different proteins and protein complexes involved in the organization of tight junctions and epithelial polarity. MUPP1 contains an L27 (Lin-2 and Lin-7 binding) domain and 13 PDZ domains. PATJ (also known as INAD-like) contains an L27 domain and ten PDZ domains. MUPP1 and PATJ share several binding partners, including junctional adhesion molecules (JAM), zonula occludens (ZO)-3, Pals1 (protein associated with Lin-7), Par (partitioning defective)-6 proteins, and nectins (adherence junction adhesion molecules). PATJ lacks 3 PDZ domains seen in MUPP1: PDZ6, 9, and 13; consequently, MUPP1 PDZ7 and 8 align with PATJ PDZ6 and 7; and MUPP1 PDZ domains 10-12 align with PATJ PDZ domains 8-10. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This MUPP1-like PDZ12 family domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1060099007 133 REVILCKDQDGKIGLrlkSIDNG---------IFVQLVQANSPASLVG-LRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQAF 202
Cdd:cd06675     1 RTVEIKRGPQDSLGI---SIAGGvgsplgdvpVFIAMIQPNGVAAQTGkLKVGDRIVSINGQSTDGLTHSEAVNLLKNAS 77

                  .
gi 1060099007 203 G 203
Cdd:cd06675    78 G 78

circularly permuted PDZ domain of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 putative serine proteases HhoA, HhoB, and HtrA and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain of the cyanobacterial Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 putative serine proteases HhoA, HhoB and HtrA, and related domains. These three proteases are functionally overlapping, and are involved in a number of key physiological responses, ranging from protection against light and heat stresses to phototaxis. HhoA assembles into trimers, mediated by its protease domain and further into a hexamer by a novel interaction between the PDZ domains of opposing trimers. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains and as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping of beta-strands. The canonical PDZ domain contains six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2); arranged as A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F. This HhoA-like PDZ domain is a circularly permuted PDZ domain which places beta-strand A on the C-terminus. Another permutation exists in the PDZ superfamily which places both beta-strands A and B on the C-terminus.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1060099007 153 DNGIFVQLVQANSPASLVGLRFGDQVLQINGENCAgwSSDKAHKVLKQA-FGEKITMTIRDRPFERTIT 220
Cdd:cd10838    32 VDGVLIMQVLPNSPAARAGLRRGDVIQAVDGQPVT--TADDVQRIVEQAgVGEELELTVLRGDRRQTLA 98

PDZ domain 1 of the canonical isoform 1 of PDZ domain containing 7 (PDZD7), and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 1 of the long isoform 1 of PDZD7, and related domains. PDZD7 is critical for the organization of Usher syndrome type 2 (USH2) complex. Usher syndrome is the leading cause of hereditary sensory deaf-blindness in humans; USH2 is the most common sub-type. Formation of the USH2 complex is based upon heterodimerization between PDZD7 and whirlin (another PDZ domain-containing protein) and a subsequent dynamic interplay between USH2 proteins via their multiple PDZ domains. The PDZD7 PDZ2 domain binds GPR98 (also known as VLGR1) and usherin (USH2A). PDZD7 and whirlin form heterodimers through their multiple PDZ domains; whirlin and PDZD7 interact with usherin and GPR98 to form an interdependent ankle link complex. PDZD7 also interacts with myosin VIIa. PDZD7 also forms homodimers through its PDZ2 domain. Various isoforms of PDZD7 produced by alternative splicing have been identified; this subgroup includes the first PDZ domain of the canonical isoform of PDZD7- isoform 1. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This PDZD7-like family PDZ1 domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1060099007 132 IREVILCKDQDGKIGLRLKSIDN---GIFVQLVQANSPASLVGLRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVL 198
Cdd:cd10833     1 IHTVTVEKSPDGSLGFSVRGGSEhglGIFVSKVEEGSAAERAGLCVGDKITEVNGVSLENITMSSAVKVL 70

PDZ domain 2 of harmonin isoforms a, b, and c, and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 2 of harmonin isoforms a, b, and c, and related domains. Harmonin (also known as Usher Type 1C, PDZ-73 and AIE-75) is a key organizer of the Usher (USH) protein interactome. USH syndrome is the leading cause of hereditary sensory deaf-blindness in humans; three clinically distinct types of USH have been identified, type 1 to 3. The gene encoding harmonin (USH1C) is the causative gene for the USH type 1C phenotype. There are at least 10 alternatively spliced isoforms of harmonin, which are divided into three subclasses (a, b, and c). All isoforms contain the first two PDZ domains and the first coiled-coil domain. The a and b isoforms all have a third PDZ domain. The different PDZ domains are responsible for interactions with all known Usher syndrome type 1 proteins, and most Usher syndrome type 2 proteins. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This harmonin family PDZ2 domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1060099007 155 GIFVQLVQANSPASLVGLRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQAfgEKITMTIR 211
Cdd:cd06738    28 GIFISNVKPGSLAEEVGLEVGDQIVEVNGTSFTNVDHKEAVMALKSS--RHLTITVR 82

PDZ domain of synaptojanin-2-binding protein (SYNJ2BP), and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain of SYNJ2BP, and related domains. SYNJ2BP (also known as mitochondrial outer membrane protein 25, OMP25) regulates endocytosis of activin type 2 receptor kinases through the Ral/RALBP1-dependent pathway and may be involved in suppression of activin-induced signal transduction. Binding partners of the SYNJ2BP PDZ domain include activin type II receptors (ActR-II), and SYNJ2. SYNJ2BP interacts with the PDZ binding motif of the Notch Delta-like ligand 1 (DLL1) and DLL4, promoting Delta-Notch signaling, and inhibiting sprouting angiogenesis. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This SYNJ2BP-like family domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1060099007 218 TITMHKDSTGhVGFIFKNGK------------ITSIVKDSSAARNGLLTEHN-ICEINGQNVIGLKDSQIADILSTSGTV 284
Cdd:cd06709     2 EITLKRGPSG-LGFNIVGGTdqpyipndsgiyVAKIKEDGAAAIDGRLQEGDkILEINGQSLENLTHQDAVELFRNAGED 80

                  ....*
gi 1060099007 285 VTITI 289
Cdd:cd06709    81 VKLKV 85

PDZ domain of afadin (AFDN), and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain of afadin (AFDN, also known as ALL1-fused gene from chromosome 6 protein (AF6) and MLLT4), and related domains. AFDN belongs to the adhesion system, probably together with the E-cadherin-catenin system, that plays a role in the organization of homotypic, interneuronal, and heterotypic cell-cell adherens junctions. The AFDN PDZ domain interaction partners include poliovirus receptor-related protein PRR2/nectin, the junctional adhesion molecule (JAM), the breakpoint-cluster-region protein (BCR), connexin36 (Cx36), and a subset of Eph-related receptor tyrosine kinases; it can also bind low molecular weight ligands, in competition with a natural peptide ligand. Other AFDN-binding proteins have been identified. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This AFDN family domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1060099007 238 ITSIVKDSSAARNGLL-TEHNICEINGQNVIGLKDSQIADILSTSGTVVTITI 289
Cdd:cd06789    34 IKSVVKGGAADLDGRLqAGDQLLSVDGHSLVGLSQERAAELMTKTGSVVTLEV 86

PDZ domain 4 of membrane-associated guanylate kinase inverted 1 (MAGI-1), MAGI-2, and MAGI-3, and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 4 of MAGI1, 2, 3 (MAGI is also known as Membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain-containing protein) and related domains. MAGI proteins have been implicated in the control of cell migration and invasion through altering the activity of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and modulating Akt signaling. Four MAGI proteins have been identified (MAGI1-3 and MAGIX). MAGI1-3 have 6 PDZ domains and bind to the C-terminus of PTEN via their PDZ2 domain. MAGIX has a single PDZ domain that is related to MAGI1-3 PDZ domain 5. Other binding partners for MAGI1 include JAM4, C-terminal tail of high risk HPV-18 E6, megalin, TRAF6, Kir4.1 (basolateral K+ channel subunit), and cadherin 23; for MAGI2, include DASM1, dendrin, axin, beta- and delta-catenin, neuroligin, hyperpolarization-activated cation channels, beta1-adrenergic receptors, NMDA receptor, and TARPs; and for MAGI3 includes LPA2. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This MAGI family PDZ4 domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2); arranged as beta-strands A, -B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1060099007 237 KITSIVKDSSAARNGLL-TEHNICEINGQNVIGLKDSQIADILSTSGTVVTITIMP 291
Cdd:cd06734    29 KIGRIIPGSPADRCGQLkVGDRILAVNGISILNLSHGDIVNLIKDSGLSVTLTIVP 84

PDZ domain; PDZ domains are found in diverse signaling proteins.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1060099007 218 TITMHKDSTGHVGF--------IFKNGKITSIVKDSSAARNGLLTEHNICEINGQNVIGLKDSQIADILSTSGTVVTITI 289
Cdd:pfam00595   1 QVTLEKDGRGGLGFslkggsdqGDPGIFVSEVLPGGAAEAGGLKVGDRILSINGQDVENMTHEEAVLALKGSGGKVTLTI 80

                  .
gi 1060099007 290 M 290
Cdd:pfam00595  81 L 81

PDZ domain 3 of PDZ domain containing 2 (PDZD2), PDZ domain 1 of human pro-interleukin-16 (isoform 1, 1332 AA), and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 3 of PDZD2, also known as KIAA0300, PIN-1, activated in prostate cancer (AIPC) and PDZ domain-containing protein 3 (PDZK3). PDZD2 has seven PDZ domains. PDZD2 is expressed at exceptionally high levels in the pancreas and certain cancer tissues, such as prostate cancer. It promotes the proliferation of insulinoma cells and is upregulated during prostate tumorigenesis. In osteosarcoma (OS), the microRNA miR-363 acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting PDZD2. This family also includes the first PDZ domain (PDZ1) of human pro-interleukin-16 (isoform 1, also known as nPro-Il-16; 1332 amino-acid protein). Precursor IL-16 is cleaved to produce pro-IL-16 and mature IL-16 (derived from the C-terminal 121 AA). Pro-IL-16 functions as a regulator of T cell growth; mature IL-16 is a CD4 ligand that induces chemotaxis and CD25 expression in CD4+ T cells. IL-16 bioactivity has been closely associated with the progression of several different cancers. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This PDZD2-like family PDZ3 domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1060099007 133 REVILCKDQDGKiGLRLkSI---------DNGIFVQLVQANSPASLVG-LRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQAF 202
Cdd:cd06759     1 STIVLMKGAGGK-GLGF-SIvggrdsprgPMGIYVKTIFPGGAAAEDGrLKEGDEILEVNGESLQGLTHQEAIQKFKQIK 78

                  ....*....
gi 1060099007 203 GEKITMTIR 211
Cdd:cd06759    79 KGLVVLTVR 87

circularly permuted first PDZ domain (PDZ1) of Escherichia coli periplasmic serine endoprotease DegP and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 1 of Escherichia coli DegP (also known as heat shock protein DegP and Protease Do) and related domains. DegP belongs to the HtrA family of housekeeping proteases. It acts as a protease, degrading transiently denatured and unfolded or misfolded proteins which accumulate in the periplasm following heat shock or other stress conditions, and as a molecular chaperone at low temperatures. DegP has two PDZ domains in addition to the protease domain; its PDZ1 domain is responsible for identifying the distinct substrate sequences that affect degradation (degron) of the substrate sequence, and its PDZ2 domain is responsible for combining with other DegP monomers to form a stable oligomer structure. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains and as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping of beta-strands. The canonical PDZ domain contains six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2); arranged as A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F. This DegP family PDZ domain 1 is a circularly permuted PDZ domain which places beta-strand A on the C-terminus. Another permutation exists in the PDZ superfamily which places both beta-strands A and B on the C-terminus.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1060099007 154 NGIFVQLVQANSPASLVGLRFGDQVLQINGENCAGwSSDKAHKVLKQAFGEKITMTI-RDRPfERTITM 221
Cdd:cd10839    25 KGALVAQVLPDSPAAKAGLKAGDVILSLNGKPITS-SADLRNRVATTKPGTKVELKIlRDGK-EKTLTV 91

PDZ domain of sorting nexin-27 (SNX27), and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain of SNX27, and related domains. SNX27 is involved in retrograde transport from endosome to plasma membrane. The PDZ domain of SNX27 links cargo identification to retromer-mediated transport. SNX27 binds to the retromer complex (vacuolar protein sorting 26(VPS26)-VPS29-VPS35), via its PDZ domain binding to VPS26. The SNX27 PDZ domain also binds to cargo including the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs): beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2AR), beta1AR, parathyroid hormone receptor (PTHR), alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs), NMDA receptors, 5-hydroxytryptamine 4a receptors, frizzled receptors, and somatostatin receptor subtype 5 (SSTR5). Additional binding partners of the SNX27 PDZ domain include G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir3) channels, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), and PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10); PTEN binding to SNX27 prevents SNX27's association with the retromer complex. SNX27 has been reported to be a host factor needed for efficient entry of an engineered SARS-CoV-2 variant, the spike protein of which contains a deletion at the S1/S2 subunit cleavage site; the PDZ domain of SNX27 binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), and may be involved in recycling ACE2 to the plasma membrane, thereby promoting viral entry. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This SNX27-like family domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1060099007 146 GLRLKSIDNGIF--VQLVQA---NSPASLVGLRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQAfGEKITMTI 210
Cdd:cd23070    23 GGQLRSINGELYapLQHVSAvleGGAADKAGVRKGDRILEVNGVNVEGATHKQVVDLIKSG-GDELTLTV 91

PDZ domain of densin, erbin, and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain of densin, erbin, and related domains. Densin (also known as leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 7, LRRC7, densin-180, protein LAP1) and erbin (also known as densin-180-like protein, Erbb2-interacting protein, protein LAP2) belong to the LAP (leucine-rich repeat and PDZ domain) family of scaffolding proteins that play roles in the maintenance of cell shape and apical-basal polarity. Densin and erbin are components of the excitatory postsynaptic compartment and are regulators of dendritic morphology and postsynaptic structure. The densin PDZ domain binds CaV1.3 alpha1 subunit, delta-catenin, and MAGUIN-1. Binding partners of the erbin PDZ domain include ErbB receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB2, HTLV-1 Tax1, Cav1.3 Ca2+channels, and constituents of the cadherin:catenin cell adhesion complex, in particular delta-catenin, p0071 and ARVCF. The erbin PDZ domain binds Smad3, a transductor of the TGFbeta pathway, possibly by a novel interface of binding. Erbin and two other LAP proteins (scribble and lano) redundantly regulate epithelial polarity and apical adhesion complex. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This densin and erbin-like family domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged as beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1060099007 153 DNGIFVQLVQANSPASLVgLRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKqAFGEKITMTIR 211
Cdd:cd06749    30 DDGIFVTKVQPDGPASKL-LQPGDKILEVNGYDFVNIEHGQAVSLLK-SFQNTVDLVVE 86

PDZ domain of synaptopodin 2 (SYNPO2), synaptopodin 2-like protein (SYNPO2L), and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain of SYNPO2, SYNPO2L, and related domains. SYNPO2 (also known as genethonin-2, myopodin) is a cytoskeleton adaptor protein. It participates in chaperone-assisted selective autophagy (CASA), a mechanism for the disposal of misfolded and damaged proteins and provides a link between the CASA chaperone complex and a membrane-tethering and fusion machinery that generates autophagosome membranes. The SYNPO2 PPxY motif binds CASA cochaperone BCL2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) and the SYNPO2 PDZ domain binds vacuolar protein sorting 18 homolog (VPS18). There are three isoforms of SYNPO2, which possess an amino-terminal PDZ domain (SYNPO2a, b, c); the short isoform SYNPO2d, lacks the PDZ domain. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This SYNPO2-like family domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 1060099007 146 GLRLK-SIDNGIFVQL--VQANSPASLVGLRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKA 194
Cdd:cd10820    11 GFRLQgGSEQKKPLQVakIRKKSKAALAGLCEGDELLSINGKPCADLSHSEA 62

PDZ domain 2 of Zonula Occludens-1 (ZO-1), ZO-2 and ZO-3, and related domains; form domain-swapping dimers; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 2 of ZO-1, -2, -3 and related domains. Zonula occludens proteins (ZO-1, ZO-2, ZO-3) are multi-PDZ domain proteins involved in the maintenance and biogenesis of multi-protein networks at the cytoplasmic surface of intercellular contacts in epithelial and endothelial cells. They have three N-terminal PDZ domains, PDZ1-3, followed by a Src homology-3 (SH3) domain and a guanylate kinase (GuK)-like domain. Among protein-protein interactions for all ZO proteins is the binding of the first PDZ domain (PDZ1) to the C-termini of claudins , and the homo- and hetero-dimerization of ZO-proteins via their second PDZ domain (PDZ2), which takes place by symmetrical domain swapping of the first two beta-strands of PDZ2. At the cell level, ZO-1 and ZO-2 are involved in polarity maintenance, gene transcription, cell proliferation, and tumor cell metastasis. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This ZO family PDZ2 domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1060099007 139 KDQDgkIGLRLKSidnGIFVQLVQANSPASLVG-LRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQAfGEKITMTIR 211
Cdd:cd06728    10 KNDE--YGLRLGS---RIFVKEITPDSLAAKDGnLQEGDIILKINGTPVENLSLSEAKKLIEKS-KDKLQLVVL 77

circularly permuted PDZ domains of Escherichia coli Regulator of sigma-E protease (RseP) and related domains; Permuted PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain of ResP (also known as Site-2 protease RseP, and YaeL), and related domains. RseP is involved in the regulation of an extracytoplasmic stress response through the cleavage of membrane-spanning anti-stress-response transcription factor (anti-sigmE) protein RseA; it cleaves the peptide bond between the critical alanine and cysteine in the transmembrane region of RseA, releasing the cytoplasmic domain of RseA with its associated sigmaE. RseP contains two tandem-arranged periplasmic PDZ domains (PDZ-N/PDZ1 and PDZ-C/PDZ2) which act to negatively regulate protease action on intact RseA; they serve as a size-exclusion filter which prevents the access of an intact RseA into the active site of RseP. PDZ domains usually bind in sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains and as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping of beta-strands. The canonical PDZ domain contains six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2); arranged as beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F. This RseP family PDZ domain is a circularly permuted PDZ domain which places both beta-strands A and B at the C-terminus. Another permutation exists in the PDZ superfamily which places beta-strand A at the C-terminus.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 1060099007 161 VQANSPASLVGLRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWssDKAHKVLKQAFGEKITMTI-RD-RPFERTIT 220
Cdd:cd23081     6 VVANSPAAEAGLKPGDRILKIDGQKVRTW--EDIVRIVRENPGKPLTLKIeRDgKILTVTVT 65

PDZ domain 1 of inactivation-no-after-potential D (INAD), and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 1 of INAD, and related domains. INAD assembles key enzymes of the Drosophila compound eye photo-transduction pathway into a supramolecular complex, supporting efficient and fast light signaling. It contains 5 PDZ domains arranged in tandem (PDZ1-PDZ5) which independently bind various proteins. INAD PDZ2 binds eye-specific protein kinase C, INAD PDZ3 binds transient receptor potential (TRP) channel, and INAD PDZ4,5 tandem binds NORPA (phospholipase Cbeta, PLCbeta). Mutations of the inaD gene that lead to disruption of each of these interactions impair fly photo signal transduction. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This INAD-like family PDZ1 domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1060099007 143 GKIGLRLKSIDNGIFVQLVQANSPASLVG-LRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQAfGEKITMTIR 211
Cdd:cd23063    19 GEVKVSPNTKTTGIFIKGIIPDSPAHKCGrLKVGDRILSVNGNDVRNSTEQAAIDLIKEA-DFKIVLEIQ 87

PDZ domain 13 of multi-PDZ-domain protein 1 (MUPP1) and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 13 of MUPP1. MUPP1 and PATJ serve as scaffolding proteins linking different proteins and protein complexes involved in the organization of tight junctions and epithelial polarity. MUPP1 contains an L27 (Lin-2 and Lin-7 binding) domain and 13 PDZ domains. PATJ (also known as INAD-like) contains an L27 domain and ten PDZ domains. PATJ lacks 3 PDZ domains seen in MUPP1: PDZ6, PDZ9, and PDZ13. This MuPP1-like PDZ13 domain is therefore absent from PATJ. MUPP1 and PATJ share several binding partners, including junctional adhesion molecules (JAM), zonula occludens (ZO)-3, Pals1 (protein associated with Lin-7), Par (partitioning defective)-6 proteins, and nectins (adherence junction adhesion molecules). PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This MUPP1-like family PDZ13 domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1060099007 156 IFVQLVQANSPASLVG-LRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQAFGeKITMTI 210
Cdd:cd06676    28 IYVKTVFEKGAAAEDGrLKRGDQILAVNGESLEGVTHEEAVNILKKTKG-TVTLTV 82

PDZ domain of regulator of G-protein signaling 3 (RGS3), and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain of RGS3, and related domains. RGS3 down-regulates GPCR signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G-protein alpha subunits, thereby driving G-proteins into their inactive GDP-bound form. It downregulates G-protein-mediated release of inositol phosphates and activation of MAP kinases. In Eph/ephrin signaling, RGS3 binds via its PDZ domain to the cytoplasmic C terminus of Eph receptor tyrosine kinase EphB. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This RGS3-like family domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1060099007 153 DNGIFVQLVQANSPASLVGLRFGDQVLQINGENCAGWSSDKAHKVLKQAFGEKITMTIR 211
Cdd:cd06711    19 DSPVRVQAVDPGGPAEQAGLQQGDTVLQINGQPVERSKCVELAHAIRNCPSEIILLVWR 77