Rab GTPase family 3 contains Rab3A, Rab3B, Rab3C and Rab3D; The Rab3 subfamily contains Rab3A, Rab3B, Rab3C, and Rab3D. All four isoforms were found in mouse brain and endocrine tissues, with varying levels of expression. Rab3A, Rab3B, and Rab3C localized to synaptic and secretory vesicles; Rab3D was expressed at high levels only in adipose tissue, exocrine glands, and the endocrine pituitary, where it is localized to cytoplasmic secretory granules. Rab3 appears to control Ca2+-regulated exocytosis. The appropriate GDP/GTP exchange cycle of Rab3A is required for Ca2+-regulated exocytosis to occur, and interaction of the GTP-bound form of Rab3A with effector molecule(s) is widely believed to be essential for this process. Functionally, most studies point toward a role for Rab3 in the secretion of hormones and neurotransmitters. GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) interact with GTP-bound Rab and accelerate the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) interact with GDP-bound Rabs to promote the formation of the GTP-bound state. Rabs are further regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which facilitate Rab recycling by masking C-terminal lipid binding and promoting cytosolic localization. Most Rab GTPases contain a lipid modification site at the C-terminus, with sequence motifs CC, CXC, or CCX. Lipid binding is essential for membrane attachment, a key feature of most Rab proteins. Due to the presence of truncated sequences in this CD, the lipid modification site is not available for annotation.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  28 MFKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVFKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFILM 107
Cdd:cd01865    1 MFKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVYRNDKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFILM 80

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089 108 YDITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQLGFEFFETSAKDNINVKQTFERLVD 187
Cdd:cd01865   81 YDITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVVSAERGRQLADQLGFEFFEASAKENINVKQVFERLVD 160

                 ....*
gi 961658089 188 IICDK 192
Cdd:cd01865  161 IICDK 165

Rab GTPase family 3 contains Rab3A, Rab3B, Rab3C and Rab3D; The Rab3 subfamily contains Rab3A, Rab3B, Rab3C, and Rab3D. All four isoforms were found in mouse brain and endocrine tissues, with varying levels of expression. Rab3A, Rab3B, and Rab3C localized to synaptic and secretory vesicles; Rab3D was expressed at high levels only in adipose tissue, exocrine glands, and the endocrine pituitary, where it is localized to cytoplasmic secretory granules. Rab3 appears to control Ca2+-regulated exocytosis. The appropriate GDP/GTP exchange cycle of Rab3A is required for Ca2+-regulated exocytosis to occur, and interaction of the GTP-bound form of Rab3A with effector molecule(s) is widely believed to be essential for this process. Functionally, most studies point toward a role for Rab3 in the secretion of hormones and neurotransmitters. GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) interact with GTP-bound Rab and accelerate the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) interact with GDP-bound Rabs to promote the formation of the GTP-bound state. Rabs are further regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which facilitate Rab recycling by masking C-terminal lipid binding and promoting cytosolic localization. Most Rab GTPases contain a lipid modification site at the C-terminus, with sequence motifs CC, CXC, or CCX. Lipid binding is essential for membrane attachment, a key feature of most Rab proteins. Due to the presence of truncated sequences in this CD, the lipid modification site is not available for annotation.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  28 MFKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVFKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFILM 107
Cdd:cd01865    1 MFKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVYRNDKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFILM 80

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089 108 YDITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQLGFEFFETSAKDNINVKQTFERLVD 187
Cdd:cd01865   81 YDITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVVSAERGRQLADQLGFEFFEASAKENINVKQVFERLVD 160

                 ....*
gi 961658089 188 IICDK 192
Cdd:cd01865  161 IICDK 165

Ras family; Includes sub-families Ras, Rab, Rac, Ral, Ran, Rap Ypt1 and more. Shares P-loop motif with GTP_EFTU, arf and myosin_head. See pfam00009 pfam00025, pfam00063. As regards Rab GTPases, these are important regulators of vesicle formation, motility and fusion. They share a fold in common with all Ras GTPases: this is a six-stranded beta-sheet surrounded by five alpha-helices.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089   30 KLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVFKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFILMYD 109
Cdd:pfam00071   1 KLVLVGDGGVGKSSLLIRFTQNKFPEEYIPTIGVDFYTKTIEVDGKTVKLQIWDTAGQERFRALRPLYYRGADGFLLVYD 80

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  110 ITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQLGFEFFETSAKDNINVKQTFERLVDII 189
Cdd:pfam00071  81 ITSRDSFENVKKWVEEILRHADENVPIVLVGNKCDLEDQRVVSTEEGEALAKELGLPFMETSAKTNENVEEAFEELAREI 160

                  ..
gi 961658089  190 CD 191
Cdd:pfam00071 161 LK 162

GTPase SAR1 family domain [General function prediction only];

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  27 YMFKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFT-SAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVFKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAY---YRGAM 102
Cdd:COG1100    2 GEKKIVVVGTGGVGKTSLVNRLVGDIFSlEKYLSTNGVTIDKKELKLDGLDVDLVIWDTPGQDEFRETRQFYarqLTGAS 81

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089 103 GFILMYDITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSwDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERG--QHLGEQLGFEFFETSAKDNINVKQ 180
Cdd:COG1100   82 LYLFVVDGTREETLQSLYELLESLRRLG-KKSPIILVLNKIDLYDEEEIEDEERlkEALSEDNIVEVVATSAKTGEGVEE 160

                        170
                 ....*....|
gi 961658089 181 TFERLVDIIC 190
Cdd:COG1100  161 LFAALAEILR 170

Rab GTPase family 3 contains Rab3A, Rab3B, Rab3C and Rab3D; The Rab3 subfamily contains Rab3A, Rab3B, Rab3C, and Rab3D. All four isoforms were found in mouse brain and endocrine tissues, with varying levels of expression. Rab3A, Rab3B, and Rab3C localized to synaptic and secretory vesicles; Rab3D was expressed at high levels only in adipose tissue, exocrine glands, and the endocrine pituitary, where it is localized to cytoplasmic secretory granules. Rab3 appears to control Ca2+-regulated exocytosis. The appropriate GDP/GTP exchange cycle of Rab3A is required for Ca2+-regulated exocytosis to occur, and interaction of the GTP-bound form of Rab3A with effector molecule(s) is widely believed to be essential for this process. Functionally, most studies point toward a role for Rab3 in the secretion of hormones and neurotransmitters. GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) interact with GTP-bound Rab and accelerate the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) interact with GDP-bound Rabs to promote the formation of the GTP-bound state. Rabs are further regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which facilitate Rab recycling by masking C-terminal lipid binding and promoting cytosolic localization. Most Rab GTPases contain a lipid modification site at the C-terminus, with sequence motifs CC, CXC, or CCX. Lipid binding is essential for membrane attachment, a key feature of most Rab proteins. Due to the presence of truncated sequences in this CD, the lipid modification site is not available for annotation.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  28 MFKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVFKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFILM 107
Cdd:cd01865    1 MFKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVYRNDKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFILM 80

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089 108 YDITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQLGFEFFETSAKDNINVKQTFERLVD 187
Cdd:cd01865   81 YDITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVVSAERGRQLADQLGFEFFEASAKENINVKQVFERLVD 160

                 ....*
gi 961658089 188 IICDK 192
Cdd:cd01865  161 IICDK 165

Rab GTPase families 8, 10, 13 (Rab8, Rab10, Rab13); Rab8/Sec4/Ypt2 are known or suspected to be involved in post-Golgi transport to the plasma membrane. It is likely that these Rabs have functions that are specific to the mammalian lineage and have no orthologs in plants. Rab8 modulates polarized membrane transport through reorganization of actin and microtubules, induces the formation of new surface extensions, and has an important role in directed membrane transport to cell surfaces. The Ypt2 gene of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe encodes a member of the Ypt/Rab family of small GTP-binding proteins, related in sequence to Sec4p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae but closer to mammalian Rab8. GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) interact with GTP-bound Rab and accelerate the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) interact with GDP-bound Rabs to promote the formation of the GTP-bound state. Rabs are further regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which facilitate Rab recycling by masking C-terminal lipid binding and promoting cytosolic localization. Most Rab GTPases contain a lipid modification site at the C-terminus, with sequence motifs CC, CXC, or CCX. Lipid binding is essential for membrane attachment, a key feature of most Rab proteins. Due to the presence of truncated sequences in this CD, the lipid modification site is not available for annotation.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  26 DYMFKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVFKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFI 105
Cdd:cd01867    1 DYLFKLLLIGDSGVGKSCLLLRFSEDSFNPSFISTIGIDFKIRTIELDGKKIKLQIWDTAGQERFRTITTSYYRGAMGII 80

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089 106 LMYDITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQLGFEFFETSAKDNINVKQTFERL 185
Cdd:cd01867   81 LVYDITDEKSFENIKNWMRNIDEHASEDVERMLVGNKCDMEEKRVVSKEEGEALAREYGIKFLETSAKANINVEEAFLTL 160

                 ....*..
gi 961658089 186 VDIICDK 192
Cdd:cd01867  161 AKDILKK 167

Ras-related in brain (Rab) family of small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases); Rab GTPases form the largest family within the Ras superfamily. There are at least 60 Rab genes in the human genome, and a number of Rab GTPases are conserved from yeast to humans. Rab GTPases are small, monomeric proteins that function as molecular switches to regulate vesicle trafficking pathways. The different Rab GTPases are localized to the cytosolic face of specific intracellular membranes, where they regulate distinct steps in membrane traffic pathways. In the GTP-bound form, Rab GTPases recruit specific sets of effector proteins onto membranes. Through their effectors, Rab GTPases regulate vesicle formation, actin- and tubulin-dependent vesicle movement, and membrane fusion. GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) interact with GTP-bound Rab and accelerate the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) interact with GDP-bound Rabs to promote the formation of the GTP-bound state. Rabs are further regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which mask C-terminal lipid binding and promote cytosolic localization. While most unicellular organisms possess 5-20 Rab members, several have been found to possess 60 or more Rabs; for many of these Rab isoforms, homologous proteins are not found in other organisms. Most Rab GTPases contain a lipid modification site at the C-terminus, with sequence motifs CC, CXC, or CCX. Lipid binding is essential for membrane attachment, a key feature of most Rab proteins. Since crystal structures often lack C-terminal residues, the lipid modification site is not available for annotation in many of the CDs in the hierarchy, but is included where possible.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  29 FKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVFKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFILMY 108
Cdd:cd00154    1 FKIVLIGDSGVGKTSLLLRFVDNKFSENYKSTIGVDFKSKTIEVDGKKVKLQIWDTAGQERFRSITSSYYRGAHGAILVY 80

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 961658089 109 DITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQLGFEFFETSAKDNINVKQTFERLVD 187
Cdd:cd00154   81 DVTNRESFENLDKWLNELKEYAPPNIPIILVGNKSDLEDERQVSTEEAQQFAKENGLLFFETSAKTGENVDEAFESLAR 159

Rab GTPase family 27a (Rab27a); The Rab27a subfamily consists of Rab27a and its highly homologous isoform, Rab27b. Unlike most Rab proteins whose functions remain poorly defined, Rab27a has many known functions. Rab27a has multiple effector proteins, and depending on which effector it binds, Rab27a has different functions as well as tissue distribution and/or cellular localization. Putative functions have been assigned to Rab27a when associated with the effector proteins Slp1, Slp2, Slp3, Slp4, Slp5, DmSlp, rabphilin, Dm/Ce-rabphilin, Slac2-a, Slac2-b, Slac2-c, Noc2, JFC1, and Munc13-4. Rab27a has been associated with several human diseases, including hemophagocytic syndrome (Griscelli syndrome or GS), Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, and choroidermia. In the case of GS, a rare, autosomal recessive disease, a Rab27a mutation is directly responsible for the disorder. When Rab27a is localized to the secretory granules of pancreatic beta cells, it is believed to mediate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, making it a potential target for diabetes therapy. When bound to JFC1 in prostate cells, Rab27a is believed to regulate the exocytosis of prostate- specific markers. GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) interact with GTP-bound Rab and accelerate the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) interact with GDP-bound Rabs to promote the formation of the GTP-bound state. Rabs are further regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which facilitate Rab recycling by masking C-terminal lipid binding and promoting cytosolic localization. Most Rab GTPases contain a lipid modification site at the C-terminus, with sequence motifs CC, CXC, or CCX. Lipid binding is essential for membrane attachment, a key feature of most Rab proteins. Due to the presence of truncated sequences in this CD, the lipid modification site is not available for annotation.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  25 FDYMFKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVFKNEK----------RIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTIT 94
Cdd:cd04127    1 YDYLIKLLALGDSGVGKTTFLYRYTDNKFNPKFITTVGIDFREKRVVYNSQgpdgtsgkafRVHLQLWDTAGQERFRSLT 80

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  95 TAYYRGAMGFILMYDITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSW-DNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQLGFEFFETSAK 173
Cdd:cd04127   81 TAFFRDAMGFLLMFDLTSEQSFLNVRNWMSQLQAHAYcENPDIVLIGNKADLPDQREVSERQARELADKYGIPYFETSAA 160

                        170       180
                 ....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089 174 DNINVKQTFERLVDIICDKM 193
Cdd:cd04127  161 TGQNVEKAVETLLDLIMKRM 180

Rab GTPase family 11 (Rab11)-like includes Rab11a, Rab11b, and Rab25; Rab11a, Rab11b, and Rab25 are closely related, evolutionary conserved Rab proteins that are differentially expressed. Rab11a is ubiquitously synthesized, Rab11b is enriched in brain and heart and Rab25 is only found in epithelia. Rab11/25 proteins seem to regulate recycling pathways from endosomes to the plasma membrane and to the trans-Golgi network. Furthermore, Rab11a is thought to function in the histamine-induced fusion of tubulovesicles containing H+, K+ ATPase with the plasma membrane in gastric parietal cells and in insulin-stimulated insertion of GLUT4 in the plasma membrane of cardiomyocytes. Overexpression of Rab25 has recently been observed in ovarian cancer and breast cancer, and has been correlated with worsened outcomes in both diseases. In addition, Rab25 overexpression has also been observed in prostate cancer, transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, and invasive breast tumor cells. GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) interact with GTP-bound Rab and accelerate the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) interact with GDP-bound Rabs to promote the formation of the GTP-bound state. Rabs are further regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which facilitate Rab recycling by masking C-terminal lipid binding and promoting cytosolic localization. Most Rab GTPases contain a lipid modification site at the C-terminus, with sequence motifs CC, CXC, or CCX. Lipid binding is essential for membrane attachment, a key feature of most Rab proteins. Due to the presence of truncated sequences in this CD, the lipid modification site is not available for annotation.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  26 DYMFKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVFKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFI 105
Cdd:cd01868    1 DYLFKIVLIGDSGVGKSNLLSRFTRNEFNLDSKSTIGVEFATRTIQIDGKTIKAQIWDTAGQERYRAITSAYYRGAVGAL 80

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089 106 LMYDITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQLGFEFFETSAKDNINVKQTFERL 185
Cdd:cd01868   81 LVYDITKKSTFENVERWLKELRDHADSNIVIMLVGNKSDLRHLRAVPTEEAKAFAEKNGLSFIETSALDGTNVEEAFKQL 160

                 ....*
gi 961658089 186 VDIIC 190
Cdd:cd01868  161 LTEIY 165

Rab GTPase family 12 (Rab12); Rab12 was first identified in canine cells, where it was localized to the Golgi complex. The specific function of Rab12 remains unknown, and inconsistent results about its cellular localization have been reported. More recent studies have identified Rab12 associated with post-Golgi vesicles, or with other small vesicle-like structures but not with the Golgi complex. Most Rab GTPases contain a lipid modification site at the C-terminus, with sequence motifs CC, CXC, or CCX. Lipid binding is essential for membrane attachment, a key feature of most Rab proteins. GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) interact with GTP-bound Rab and accelerate the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) interact with GDP-bound Rabs to promote the formation of the GTP-bound state. Rabs are further regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which facilitate Rab recycling by masking C-terminal lipid binding and promoting cytosolic localization. Most Rab GTPases contain a lipid modification site at the C-terminus, with sequence motifs CC, CXC, or CCX. Lipid binding is essential for membrane attachment, a key feature of most Rab proteins.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  30 KLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVFKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFILMYD 109
Cdd:cd04120    2 QVIIIGSRGVGKTSLMERFTDDTFCEACKSTVGVDFKIKTVELRGKKIRLQIWDTAGQERFNSITSAYYRSAKGIILVYD 81

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089 110 ITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQL-GFEFFETSAKDNINVKQTFERLVDI 188
Cdd:cd04120   82 ITKKETFDDLPKWMKMIDKYASEDAELLLVGNKLDCETDREITRQQGEKFAQQItGMRFCEASAKDNFNVDEIFLKLVDD 161

                        170       180       190       200
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089 189 ICDKMSESL---ETDPAITAAKQNTRLKETPPPPQPNCAC 225
Cdd:cd04120  162 ILKKMPLDIlrnELSNSILSLQPEPEIPPELPPPRPHVRC 201

Rab GTPase family 39 (Rab39); Found in eukaryotes, Rab39 is mainly found in epithelial cell lines, but is distributed widely in various human tissues and cell lines. It is believed to be a novel Rab protein involved in regulating Golgi-associated vesicular transport during cellular endocytosis. GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) interact with GTP-bound Rab and accelerate the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) interact with GDP-bound Rabs to promote the formation of the GTP-bound state. Rabs are further regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which facilitate Rab recycling by masking C-terminal lipid binding and promoting cytosolic localization. Most Rab GTPases contain a lipid modification site at the C-terminus, with sequence motifs CC, CXC, or CCX. Lipid binding is essential for membrane attachment, a key feature of most Rab proteins.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  27 YMFKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTV-FKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFI 105
Cdd:cd04111    1 YQFRLIVIGDSTVGKSSLLKRFTEGRFAEVSDPTVGVDFFSRLIeIEPGVRIKLQLWDTAGQERFRSITRSYYRNSVGVL 80

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089 106 LMYDITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSWDNAQV-ILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQLGFEFFETSAKDNINVKQTFER 184
Cdd:cd04111   81 LVFDITNRESFEHVHDWLEEARSHIQPHRPVfILVGHKCDLESQRQVTREEAEKLAKDLGMKYIETSARTGDNVEEAFEL 160

                 .
gi 961658089 185 L 185
Cdd:cd04111  161 L 161

Rab GTPase family 15 (Rab15); Rab15 colocalizes with the transferrin receptor in early endosome compartments, but not with late endosomal markers. It codistributes with Rab4 and Rab5 on early/sorting endosomes, and with Rab11 on pericentriolar recycling endosomes. It is believed to function as an inhibitory GTPase that regulates distinct steps in early endocytic trafficking. GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) interact with GTP-bound Rab and accelerate the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) interact with GDP-bound Rabs to promote the formation of the GTP-bound state. Rabs are further regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which facilitate Rab recycling by masking C-terminal lipid binding and promoting cytosolic localization. Most Rab GTPases contain a lipid modification site at the C-terminus, with sequence motifs CC, CXC, or CCX. Lipid binding is essential for membrane attachment, a key feature of most Rab proteins. Due to the presence of truncated sequences in this CD, the lipid modification site is not available for annotation.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  29 FKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVFKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFILMY 108
Cdd:cd04117    1 FRLLLIGDSGVGKTCLLCRFTDNEFHSSHISTIGVDFKMKTIEVDGIKVRIQIWDTAGQERYQTITKQYYRRAQGIFLVY 80

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089 109 DITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQLGFEFFETSAKDNINVKQTFERLVDI 188
Cdd:cd04117   81 DISSERSYQHIMKWVSDVDEYAPEGVQKILIGNKADEEQKRQVGDEQGNKLAKEYGMDFFETSACTNKNIKESFTRLTEL 160

                 .
gi 961658089 189 I 189
Cdd:cd04117  161 V 161

Rab GTPase; Provisional

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  22 DQNFDYMFKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVFKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGA 101
Cdd:PLN03110   6 DHEYDYLFKIVLIGDSGVGKSNILSRFTRNEFCLESKSTIGVEFATRTLQVEGKTVKAQIWDTAGQERYRAITSAYYRGA 85

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089 102 MGFILMYDITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQLGFEFFETSAKDNINVKQT 181
Cdd:PLN03110  86 VGALLVYDITKRQTFDNVQRWLRELRDHADSNIVIMMAGNKSDLNHLRSVAEEDGQALAEKEGLSFLETSALEATNVEKA 165

                        170       180       190
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 961658089 182 FERLV----DIICDKMSESLETDPAITAAKQNT 210
Cdd:PLN03110 166 FQTILleiyHIISKKALAAQEAAANSGLPGQGT 198

Rab GTPase family 21 (Rab21); The localization and function of Rab21 are not clearly defined, with conflicting data reported. Rab21 has been reported to localize in the ER in human intestinal epithelial cells, with partial colocalization with alpha-glucosidase, a late endosomal/lysosomal marker. More recently, Rab21 was shown to colocalize with and affect the morphology of early endosomes. In Dictyostelium, GTP-bound Rab21, together with two novel LIM domain proteins, LimF and ChLim, has been shown to regulate phagocytosis. GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) interact with GTP-bound Rab and accelerate the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) interact with GDP-bound Rabs to promote the formation of the GTP-bound state. Rabs are further regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which facilitate Rab recycling by masking C-terminal lipid binding and promoting cytosolic localization. Most Rab GTPases contain a lipid modification site at the C-terminus, with sequence motifs CC, CXC, or CCX. Lipid binding is essential for membrane attachment, a key feature of most Rab proteins. Due to the presence of truncated sequences in this CD, the lipid modification site is not available for annotation.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  29 FKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVFKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFILMY 108
Cdd:cd04123    1 FKVVLLGEGRVGKTSLVLRYVENKFNEKHESTTQASFFQKTVNIGGKRIDLAIWDTAGQERYHALGPIYYRDADGAILVY 80

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089 109 DITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQLGFEFFETSAKDNINVKQTFERLVDI 188
Cdd:cd04123   81 DITDADSFQKVKKWIKELKQMRGNNISLVIVGNKIDLERQRVVSKSEAEEYAKSVGAKHFETSAKTGKGIEELFLSLAKR 160

                 .
gi 961658089 189 I 189
Cdd:cd04123  161 M 161

Rab GTPase family 30 (Rab30); Rab30 subfamily. Rab30 appears to be associated with the Golgi stack. It is expressed in a wide variety of tissue types and in humans maps to chromosome 11. GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) interact with GTP-bound Rab and accelerate the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) interact with GDP-bound Rabs to promote the formation of the GTP-bound state. Rabs are further regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which facilitate Rab recycling by masking C-terminal lipid binding and promoting cytosolic localization. Most Rab GTPases contain a lipid modification site at the C-terminus, with sequence motifs CC, CXC, or CCX. Lipid binding is essential for membrane attachment, a key feature of most Rab proteins. Due to the presence of truncated sequences in this CD, the lipid modification site is not available for annotation.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  23 QNFDYMFKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVFKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAM 102
Cdd:cd04114    2 EDYDFLFKIVLIGNAGVGKTCLVRRFTQGLFPPGQGATIGVDFMIKTVEIKGEKIKLQIWDTAGQERFRSITQSYYRSAN 81

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089 103 GFILMYDITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQLGFEFFETSAKDNINVKQTF 182
Cdd:cd04114   82 ALILTYDITCEESFRCLPEWLREIEQYANNKVITILVGNKIDLAERREVSQQRAEEFSDAQDMYYLETSAKESDNVEKLF 161

                 ...
gi 961658089 183 ERL 185
Cdd:cd04114  162 LDL 164

Rab GTPase family 7 (Rab7); Rab7 subfamily. Rab7 is a small Rab GTPase that regulates vesicular traffic from early to late endosomal stages of the endocytic pathway. The yeast Ypt7 and mammalian Rab7 are both involved in transport to the vacuole/lysosome, whereas Ypt7 is also required for homotypic vacuole fusion. Mammalian Rab7 is an essential participant in the autophagic pathway for sequestration and targeting of cytoplasmic components to the lytic compartment. Mammalian Rab7 is also proposed to function as a tumor suppressor. GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) interact with GTP-bound Rab and accelerate the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) interact with GDP-bound Rabs to promote the formation of the GTP-bound state. Rabs are further regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which facilitate Rab recycling by masking C-terminal lipid binding and promoting cytosolic localization. Most Rab GTPases contain a lipid modification site at the C-terminus, with sequence motifs CC, CXC, or CCX. Lipid binding is essential for membrane attachment, a key feature of most Rab proteins. Due to the presence of truncated sequences in this CD, the lipid modification site is not available for annotation.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  29 FKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVFKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFILMY 108
Cdd:cd01862    1 LKVIILGDSGVGKTSLMNQYVNKKFSNQYKATIGADFLTKEVTVDDRLVTLQIWDTAGQERFQSLGVAFYRGADCCVLVY 80

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089 109 DITNEESFNAVQDWS----TQIKTYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQLG-FEFFETSAKDNINVKQTFE 183
Cdd:cd01862   81 DVTNPKSFESLDSWRdeflIQASPRDPENFPFVVLGNKIDLEEKRQVSTKKAQQWCKSKGnIPYFETSAKEAINVDQAFE 160

Rab GTPase family 4 (Rab4); Rab4 subfamily. Rab4 has been implicated in numerous functions within the cell. It helps regulate endocytosis through the sorting, recycling, and degradation of early endosomes. Mammalian Rab4 is involved in the regulation of many surface proteins including G-protein-coupled receptors, transferrin receptor, integrins, and surfactant protein A. Experimental data implicate Rab4 in regulation of the recycling of internalized receptors back to the plasma membrane. It is also believed to influence receptor-mediated antigen processing in B-lymphocytes, in calcium-dependent exocytosis in platelets, in alpha-amylase secretion in pancreatic cells, and in insulin-induced translocation of Glut4 from internal vesicles to the cell surface. Rab4 is known to share effector proteins with Rab5 and Rab11. GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) interact with GTP-bound Rab and accelerate the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) interact with GDP-bound Rabs to promote the formation of the GTP-bound state. Rabs are further regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which facilitate Rab recycling by masking C-terminal lipid binding and promoting cytosolic localization. Most Rab GTPases contain a lipid modification site at the C-terminus, with sequence motifs CC, CXC, or CCX. Lipid binding is essential for membrane attachment, a key feature of most Rab proteins. Due to the presence of truncated sequences in this CD, the lipid modification site is not available for annotation.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  29 FKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVFKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFILMY 108
Cdd:cd04113    1 FKFLIIGSAGTGKSCLLHQFIENKFKQDSNHTIGVEFGSRVVNVGGKSVKLQIWDTAGQERFRSVTRSYYRGAAGALLVY 80

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089 109 DITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQLGFEFFETSAKDNINVKQTFERLVDI 188
Cdd:cd04113   81 DITSRESFNALTNWLTDARTLASPDIVIILVGNKKDLEDDREVTFLEASRFAQENGLLFLETSALTGENVEEAFLKCARS 160

                 .
gi 961658089 189 I 189
Cdd:cd04113  161 I 161

Ras of Complex, Roc, domain of DAPkinase; Roc, or Ras of Complex, proteins are mitochondrial Rho proteins (Miro-1, and Miro-2) and atypical Rho GTPases. Full-length proteins have a unique domain organization, with tandem GTP-binding domains and two EF hand domains (pfam00036) that may bind calcium. They are also larger than classical small GTPases. It has been proposed that they are involved in mitochondrial homeostasis and apoptosis.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089   30 KLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVFKNE---KRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFIL 106
Cdd:pfam08477   1 KVVLLGDSGVGKTSLLKRFVDDTFDPKYKSTIGVDFKTKTVLENDdngKKIKLNIWDTAGQERFRSLHPFYYRGAAAALL 80

                          90       100       110
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 961658089  107 MYDITneeSFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSwDNAQVILVGNKCD 144
Cdd:pfam08477  81 VYDSR---TFSNLKYWLRELKKYA-GNSPVILVGNKID 114

Rat sarcoma (Ras) family of small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases); The Ras family of the Ras superfamily includes classical N-Ras, H-Ras, and K-Ras, as well as R-Ras, Rap, Ral, Rheb, Rhes, ARHI, RERG, Rin/Rit, RSR1, RRP22, Ras2, Ras-dva, and RGK proteins. Ras proteins regulate cell growth, proliferation and differentiation. Ras is activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that release GDP and allow GTP binding. Many RasGEFs have been identified. These are sequestered in the cytosol until activation by growth factors triggers recruitment to the plasma membrane or Golgi, where the GEF colocalizes with Ras. Active GTP-bound Ras interacts with several effector proteins: among the best characterized are the Raf kinases, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), RalGEFs and NORE/MST1. Most Ras proteins contain a lipid modification site at the C-terminus, with a typical sequence motif CaaX, where a = an aliphatic amino acid and X = any amino acid. Lipid binding is essential for membrane attachment, a key feature of most Ras proteins. Due to the presence of truncated sequences in this CD, the lipid modification site is not available for annotation.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  30 KLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGiDFKVKTVFKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFILMYD 109
Cdd:cd00876    1 KLVVLGAGGVGKSALTIRFVSGEFVEEYDPTIE-DSYRKQIVVDGETYTLDILDTAGQEEFSAMRDQYIRNGDGFILVYS 79

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 961658089 110 ITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIK-TYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQLGFEFFETSAKDNINVKQTFERLV 186
Cdd:cd00876   80 ITSRESFEEIKNIREQILrVKDKEDVPIVLVGNKCDLENERQVSTEEGEALAEEWGCPFLETSAKTNINIDELFNTLV 157

Ras subfamily of RAS small GTPases; Similar in fold and function to the bacterial EF-Tu GTPase. p21Ras couples receptor Tyr kinases and G protein receptors to protein kinase cascades

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089    29 FKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGiDFKVKTVFKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYRTITTAYYRGAMGFILMY 108
Cdd:smart00173   1 YKLVVLGSGGVGKSALTIQFIQGHFVDDYDPTIE-DSYRKQIEIDGEVCLLDILDTAGQEEFSAMRDQYMRTGEGFLLVY 79

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089   109 DITNEESFNAVQDWSTQI-KTYSWDNAQVILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQLGFEFFETSAKDNINVKQTFERLVD 187
Cdd:smart00173  80 SITDRQSFEEIKKFREQIlRVKDRDDVPIVLVGNKCDLESERVVSTEEGKELARQWGCPFLETSAKERVNVDEAFYDLVR 159

                   ..
gi 961658089   188 II 189
Cdd:smart00173 160 EI 161

Rab GTPase family 33 includes Rab33A and Rab33B; Rab33B/Rab33A subfamily. Rab33B is ubiquitously expressed in mouse tissues and cells, where it is localized to the medial Golgi cisternae. It colocalizes with alpha-mannose II. Together with the other cisternal Rabs, Rab6A and Rab6A', it is believed to regulate the Golgi response to stress and is likely a molecular target in stress-activated signaling pathways. Rab33A (previously known as S10) is expressed primarily in the brain and immune system cells. In humans, it is located on the X chromosome at Xq26 and its expression is down-regulated in tuberculosis patients. Experimental evidence suggests that Rab33A is a novel CD8+ T cell factor that likely plays a role in tuberculosis disease processes. GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) interact with GTP-bound Rab and accelerate the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) interact with GDP-bound Rabs to promote the formation of the GTP-bound state. Rabs are further regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which facilitate Rab recycling by masking C-terminal lipid binding and promoting cytosolic localization. Most Rab GTPases contain a lipid modification site at the C-terminus, with sequence motifs CC, CXC, or CCX. Lipid binding is essential for membrane attachment, a key feature of most Rab proteins. Due to the presence of truncated sequences in this CD, the lipid modification site is not available for annotation.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 961658089  29 FKLLIIGNSSVGKTSFLFRYADDSFTSAFVSTVGIDFKVKTVFKNEKRIKLQIWDTAGQERYR-TITTAYYRGAMGFILM 107
Cdd:cd04115    3 FKIIVIGDSNVGKTCLTYRFCAGRFPERTEATIGVDFRERTVEIDGERIKVQLWDTAGQERFRkSMVQHYYRNVHAVVFV 82

                         90       100       110       120       130       140
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 961658089 108 YDITNEESFNAVQDWSTQIKTYSWdNAQV--ILVGNKCDMEDERVISTERGQHLGEQLGFEFFETSAKD 174
Cdd:cd04115   83 YDVTNMASFHSLPSWIEECEQHSL-PNEVprILVGNKCDLREQIQVPTDLAQRFADAHSMPLFETSAKD 150