intron-encoded reverse transcriptase aI2 (mitochondrion) [Saccharomyces cerevisiae YJM1190]
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase family protein( domain architecture ID 10108786)
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) family protein similar to the RdRp catalytic domain of alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta-coronaviruses, including three highly pathogenic human coronaviruses (CoVs) such as Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-related CoV, Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) CoV, and SARS-CoV-2
List of domain hits
Name | Accession | Description | Interval | E-value | |||||
RT_G2_intron | cd01651 | RT_G2_intron: Reverse transcriptases (RTs) with group II intron origin. RT transcribes DNA ... |
344-613 | 1.36e-80 | |||||
RT_G2_intron: Reverse transcriptases (RTs) with group II intron origin. RT transcribes DNA using RNA as template. Proteins in this subfamily are found in bacterial and mitochondrial group II introns. Their most probable ancestor was a retrotransposable element with both gag-like and pol-like genes. This subfamily of proteins appears to have captured the RT sequences from transposable elements, which lack long terminal repeats (LTRs). : Pssm-ID: 238828 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 226 Bit Score: 259.06 E-value: 1.36e-80
|
|||||||||
Intron_maturas2 | pfam01348 | Type II intron maturase; Group II introns use intron-encoded reverse transcriptase, maturase ... |
638-781 | 4.16e-52 | |||||
Type II intron maturase; Group II introns use intron-encoded reverse transcriptase, maturase and DNA endonuclease activities for site-specific insertion into DNA. Although this type of intron is self splicing in vitro they require a maturase protein for splicing in vivo. It has been shown that a specific region of the aI2 intron is needed for the maturase function. This region was found to be conserved in group II introns and called domain X. : Pssm-ID: 279664 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 140 Bit Score: 178.43 E-value: 4.16e-52
|
|||||||||
Heme_Cu_Oxidase_I super family | cl00275 | Heme-copper oxidase subunit I. Heme-copper oxidases are transmembrane protein complexes in ... |
3-68 | 6.35e-23 | |||||
Heme-copper oxidase subunit I. Heme-copper oxidases are transmembrane protein complexes in the respiratory chains of prokaryotes and mitochondria which catalyze the reduction of O2 and simultaneously pump protons across the membrane. The superfamily is diverse in terms of electron donors, subunit composition, and heme types. The number of subunits varies from three to five in bacteria and up to 13 in mammalian mitochondria. It has been proposed that Archaea acquired heme-copper oxidases through gene transfer from Gram-positive bacteria. Membership in the superfamily is defined by subunit I, which contains a heme-copper binuclear center (the active site where O2 is reduced to water) formed by a high-spin heme and a copper ion. It also contains a low-spin heme, believed to participate in the transfer of electrons to the binuclear center. Only subunit I is common to the entire superfamily. For every reduction of an O2 molecule, eight protons are taken from the inside aqueous compartment and four electrons are taken from the electron donor on the opposite side of the membrane. The four electrons and four of the protons are used in the reduction of O2; the four remaining protons are pumped across the membrane. This charge separation of four charges contributes to the electrochemical gradient used for ATP synthesis. Two proton channels, the D-pathway and K-pathway, leading to the binuclear center have been identified in subunit I of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) and ubiquinol oxidase. A well-defined pathway for the transfer of pumped protons beyond the binuclear center has not been identified. Electron transfer occurs in two segments: from the electron donor to the low-spin heme, and from the low-spin heme to the binuclear center. The first segment can be a multi-step process and varies among the different families, while the second segment, a direct transfer, is consistent throughout the superfamily. The actual alignment was detected with superfamily member MTH00153: Pssm-ID: 469701 Cd Length: 511 Bit Score: 103.41 E-value: 6.35e-23
|
|||||||||
Name | Accession | Description | Interval | E-value | |||||||
RT_G2_intron | cd01651 | RT_G2_intron: Reverse transcriptases (RTs) with group II intron origin. RT transcribes DNA ... |
344-613 | 1.36e-80 | |||||||
RT_G2_intron: Reverse transcriptases (RTs) with group II intron origin. RT transcribes DNA using RNA as template. Proteins in this subfamily are found in bacterial and mitochondrial group II introns. Their most probable ancestor was a retrotransposable element with both gag-like and pol-like genes. This subfamily of proteins appears to have captured the RT sequences from transposable elements, which lack long terminal repeats (LTRs). Pssm-ID: 238828 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 226 Bit Score: 259.06 E-value: 1.36e-80
|
|||||||||||
YkfC | COG3344 | Retron-type reverse transcriptase [Mobilome: prophages, transposons]; |
267-709 | 9.26e-73 | |||||||
Retron-type reverse transcriptase [Mobilome: prophages, transposons]; Pssm-ID: 442573 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 434 Bit Score: 245.37 E-value: 9.26e-73
|
|||||||||||
group_II_RT_mat | TIGR04416 | group II intron reverse transcriptase/maturase; Members of this protein family are ... |
293-707 | 1.99e-65 | |||||||
group II intron reverse transcriptase/maturase; Members of this protein family are multifunctional proteins encoded in most examples of bacterial group II introns. These group II introns are mobile selfish genetic elements, often with multiple highly identical copies per genome. Member proteins have an N-terminal reverse transcriptase (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) domain (pfam00078) followed by an RNA-binding maturase domain (pfam08388). Some members of this family may have an additional C-terminal DNA endonuclease domain that this model does not cover. A region of the group II intron ribozyme structure should be detectable nearby on the genome by Rfam model RF00029. [Mobile and extrachromosomal element functions, Other] Pssm-ID: 275209 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 354 Bit Score: 222.72 E-value: 1.99e-65
|
|||||||||||
Intron_maturas2 | pfam01348 | Type II intron maturase; Group II introns use intron-encoded reverse transcriptase, maturase ... |
638-781 | 4.16e-52 | |||||||
Type II intron maturase; Group II introns use intron-encoded reverse transcriptase, maturase and DNA endonuclease activities for site-specific insertion into DNA. Although this type of intron is self splicing in vitro they require a maturase protein for splicing in vivo. It has been shown that a specific region of the aI2 intron is needed for the maturase function. This region was found to be conserved in group II introns and called domain X. Pssm-ID: 279664 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 140 Bit Score: 178.43 E-value: 4.16e-52
|
|||||||||||
RVT_1 | pfam00078 | Reverse transcriptase (RNA-dependent DNA polymerase); A reverse transcriptase gene is usually ... |
348-611 | 1.85e-28 | |||||||
Reverse transcriptase (RNA-dependent DNA polymerase); A reverse transcriptase gene is usually indicative of a mobile element such as a retrotransposon or retrovirus. Reverse transcriptases occur in a variety of mobile elements, including retrotransposons, retroviruses, group II introns, bacterial msDNAs, hepadnaviruses, and caulimoviruses. Pssm-ID: 395031 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 189 Bit Score: 112.78 E-value: 1.85e-28
|
|||||||||||
COX1 | MTH00153 | cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional |
3-68 | 6.35e-23 | |||||||
cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional Pssm-ID: 177210 Cd Length: 511 Bit Score: 103.41 E-value: 6.35e-23
|
|||||||||||
Cyt_c_Oxidase_I | cd01663 | Cytochrome C oxidase subunit I. Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), the terminal oxidase in the ... |
9-68 | 3.08e-22 | |||||||
Cytochrome C oxidase subunit I. Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), the terminal oxidase in the respiratory chains of eukaryotes and most bacteria, is a multi-chain transmembrane protein located in the inner membrane of mitochondria and the cell membrane of prokaryotes. It catalyzes the reduction of O2 and simultaneously pumps protons across the membrane. The number of subunits varies from three to five in bacteria and up to 13 in mammalian mitochondria. Only subunits I and II are essential for function, but subunit III, which is also conserved, may play a role in assembly or oxygen delivery to the active site. Subunits I, II, and III of mammalian CcO are encoded within the mitochondrial genome and the remaining 10 subunits are encoded within the nuclear genome. Subunit I contains a heme-copper binuclear center (the active site where O2 is reduced to water) formed by a high-spin heme (heme a3) and a copper ion (CuB). It also contains a low-spin heme (heme a), believed to participate in the transfer of electrons to the binuclear center. For every reduction of an O2 molecule, eight protons are taken from the inside aqueous compartment and four electrons are taken from cytochrome c on the opposite side of the membrane. The four electrons and four of the protons are used in the reduction of O2; the four remaining protons are pumped across the membrane. This charge separation of four charges contributes to the electrochemical gradient used for ATP synthesis. Two proton channels, the D-pathway and K-pathway, leading to the binuclear center have been identified in subunit I. A well-defined pathway for the transfer of pumped protons beyond the binuclear center has not been identified. Electrons are transferred from cytochrome c (the electron donor) to heme a via the CuA binuclear site in subunit II, and directly from heme a to the binuclear center. Pssm-ID: 238833 Cd Length: 488 Bit Score: 101.02 E-value: 3.08e-22
|
|||||||||||
CyoB | COG0843 | Heme/copper-type cytochrome/quinol oxidase, subunit 1 [Energy production and conversion]; |
2-68 | 4.61e-13 | |||||||
Heme/copper-type cytochrome/quinol oxidase, subunit 1 [Energy production and conversion]; Pssm-ID: 440605 Cd Length: 535 Bit Score: 72.47 E-value: 4.61e-13
|
|||||||||||
COX1 | pfam00115 | Cytochrome C and Quinol oxidase polypeptide I; Cytochrome c oxidase (E.C:7.1.1.9) is a key ... |
13-68 | 3.18e-09 | |||||||
Cytochrome C and Quinol oxidase polypeptide I; Cytochrome c oxidase (E.C:7.1.1.9) is a key enzyme in aerobic metabolism. Proton pumping haem-copper oxidases represent the terminal, energy-transfer enzymes of respiratory chains in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The CuB-haem a3 (or haem o) binuclear centre, associated with the largest subunit I of cytochrome c and ubiquinol oxidases (E.C:1.10.3.11), is directly involved in the coupling between dioxygen reduction and proton pumping. Some terminal oxidases generate a transmembrane proton gradient across the plasma membrane (prokaryotes) or the mitochondrial inner membrane (eukaryotes). The enzyme complex consists of 3-4 subunits (prokaryotes) up to 13 polypeptides (mammals) of which only the catalytic subunit (equivalent to mammalian subunit I (COXI) is found in all haem-copper respiratory oxidases. The presence of a bimetallic centre (formed by a high-spin haem and copper B) as well as a low-spin haem, both ligated to six conserved histidine residues near the outer side of four transmembrane spans within CO I is common to all family members. Pssm-ID: 459678 Cd Length: 432 Bit Score: 59.89 E-value: 3.18e-09
|
|||||||||||
Name | Accession | Description | Interval | E-value | |||||||
RT_G2_intron | cd01651 | RT_G2_intron: Reverse transcriptases (RTs) with group II intron origin. RT transcribes DNA ... |
344-613 | 1.36e-80 | |||||||
RT_G2_intron: Reverse transcriptases (RTs) with group II intron origin. RT transcribes DNA using RNA as template. Proteins in this subfamily are found in bacterial and mitochondrial group II introns. Their most probable ancestor was a retrotransposable element with both gag-like and pol-like genes. This subfamily of proteins appears to have captured the RT sequences from transposable elements, which lack long terminal repeats (LTRs). Pssm-ID: 238828 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 226 Bit Score: 259.06 E-value: 1.36e-80
|
|||||||||||
YkfC | COG3344 | Retron-type reverse transcriptase [Mobilome: prophages, transposons]; |
267-709 | 9.26e-73 | |||||||
Retron-type reverse transcriptase [Mobilome: prophages, transposons]; Pssm-ID: 442573 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 434 Bit Score: 245.37 E-value: 9.26e-73
|
|||||||||||
group_II_RT_mat | TIGR04416 | group II intron reverse transcriptase/maturase; Members of this protein family are ... |
293-707 | 1.99e-65 | |||||||
group II intron reverse transcriptase/maturase; Members of this protein family are multifunctional proteins encoded in most examples of bacterial group II introns. These group II introns are mobile selfish genetic elements, often with multiple highly identical copies per genome. Member proteins have an N-terminal reverse transcriptase (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) domain (pfam00078) followed by an RNA-binding maturase domain (pfam08388). Some members of this family may have an additional C-terminal DNA endonuclease domain that this model does not cover. A region of the group II intron ribozyme structure should be detectable nearby on the genome by Rfam model RF00029. [Mobile and extrachromosomal element functions, Other] Pssm-ID: 275209 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 354 Bit Score: 222.72 E-value: 1.99e-65
|
|||||||||||
Intron_maturas2 | pfam01348 | Type II intron maturase; Group II introns use intron-encoded reverse transcriptase, maturase ... |
638-781 | 4.16e-52 | |||||||
Type II intron maturase; Group II introns use intron-encoded reverse transcriptase, maturase and DNA endonuclease activities for site-specific insertion into DNA. Although this type of intron is self splicing in vitro they require a maturase protein for splicing in vivo. It has been shown that a specific region of the aI2 intron is needed for the maturase function. This region was found to be conserved in group II introns and called domain X. Pssm-ID: 279664 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 140 Bit Score: 178.43 E-value: 4.16e-52
|
|||||||||||
RVT_1 | pfam00078 | Reverse transcriptase (RNA-dependent DNA polymerase); A reverse transcriptase gene is usually ... |
348-611 | 1.85e-28 | |||||||
Reverse transcriptase (RNA-dependent DNA polymerase); A reverse transcriptase gene is usually indicative of a mobile element such as a retrotransposon or retrovirus. Reverse transcriptases occur in a variety of mobile elements, including retrotransposons, retroviruses, group II introns, bacterial msDNAs, hepadnaviruses, and caulimoviruses. Pssm-ID: 395031 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 189 Bit Score: 112.78 E-value: 1.85e-28
|
|||||||||||
COX1 | MTH00153 | cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional |
3-68 | 6.35e-23 | |||||||
cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional Pssm-ID: 177210 Cd Length: 511 Bit Score: 103.41 E-value: 6.35e-23
|
|||||||||||
Cyt_c_Oxidase_I | cd01663 | Cytochrome C oxidase subunit I. Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), the terminal oxidase in the ... |
9-68 | 3.08e-22 | |||||||
Cytochrome C oxidase subunit I. Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), the terminal oxidase in the respiratory chains of eukaryotes and most bacteria, is a multi-chain transmembrane protein located in the inner membrane of mitochondria and the cell membrane of prokaryotes. It catalyzes the reduction of O2 and simultaneously pumps protons across the membrane. The number of subunits varies from three to five in bacteria and up to 13 in mammalian mitochondria. Only subunits I and II are essential for function, but subunit III, which is also conserved, may play a role in assembly or oxygen delivery to the active site. Subunits I, II, and III of mammalian CcO are encoded within the mitochondrial genome and the remaining 10 subunits are encoded within the nuclear genome. Subunit I contains a heme-copper binuclear center (the active site where O2 is reduced to water) formed by a high-spin heme (heme a3) and a copper ion (CuB). It also contains a low-spin heme (heme a), believed to participate in the transfer of electrons to the binuclear center. For every reduction of an O2 molecule, eight protons are taken from the inside aqueous compartment and four electrons are taken from cytochrome c on the opposite side of the membrane. The four electrons and four of the protons are used in the reduction of O2; the four remaining protons are pumped across the membrane. This charge separation of four charges contributes to the electrochemical gradient used for ATP synthesis. Two proton channels, the D-pathway and K-pathway, leading to the binuclear center have been identified in subunit I. A well-defined pathway for the transfer of pumped protons beyond the binuclear center has not been identified. Electrons are transferred from cytochrome c (the electron donor) to heme a via the CuA binuclear site in subunit II, and directly from heme a to the binuclear center. Pssm-ID: 238833 Cd Length: 488 Bit Score: 101.02 E-value: 3.08e-22
|
|||||||||||
COX1 | MTH00167 | cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional |
1-68 | 1.95e-21 | |||||||
cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional Pssm-ID: 177222 Cd Length: 512 Bit Score: 98.98 E-value: 1.95e-21
|
|||||||||||
COX1 | MTH00116 | cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional |
1-68 | 1.09e-19 | |||||||
cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional Pssm-ID: 177177 Cd Length: 515 Bit Score: 93.62 E-value: 1.09e-19
|
|||||||||||
COX1 | MTH00142 | cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional |
2-68 | 1.91e-19 | |||||||
cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional Pssm-ID: 214431 Cd Length: 511 Bit Score: 92.86 E-value: 1.91e-19
|
|||||||||||
COX1 | MTH00223 | cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional |
4-68 | 1.64e-18 | |||||||
cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional Pssm-ID: 177260 Cd Length: 512 Bit Score: 89.65 E-value: 1.64e-18
|
|||||||||||
COX1 | MTH00184 | cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional |
4-68 | 7.81e-18 | |||||||
cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional Pssm-ID: 177235 Cd Length: 519 Bit Score: 87.57 E-value: 7.81e-18
|
|||||||||||
COX1 | MTH00077 | cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional |
1-68 | 9.36e-18 | |||||||
cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional Pssm-ID: 214419 Cd Length: 514 Bit Score: 87.30 E-value: 9.36e-18
|
|||||||||||
COX1 | MTH00103 | cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Validated |
1-68 | 5.17e-17 | |||||||
cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Validated Pssm-ID: 177165 Cd Length: 513 Bit Score: 84.93 E-value: 5.17e-17
|
|||||||||||
COX1 | MTH00182 | cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional |
4-68 | 9.16e-17 | |||||||
cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional Pssm-ID: 214451 Cd Length: 525 Bit Score: 84.49 E-value: 9.16e-17
|
|||||||||||
COX1 | MTH00183 | cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional |
1-68 | 1.18e-16 | |||||||
cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional Pssm-ID: 177234 Cd Length: 516 Bit Score: 83.82 E-value: 1.18e-16
|
|||||||||||
COX1 | MTH00079 | cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional |
5-68 | 1.53e-15 | |||||||
cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional Pssm-ID: 177148 Cd Length: 508 Bit Score: 80.49 E-value: 1.53e-15
|
|||||||||||
RT_Bac_retron_I | cd01646 | RT_Bac_retron_I: Reverse transcriptases (RTs) in bacterial retrotransposons or retrons. The ... |
418-622 | 6.63e-15 | |||||||
RT_Bac_retron_I: Reverse transcriptases (RTs) in bacterial retrotransposons or retrons. The polymerase reaction of this enzyme leads to the production of a unique RNA-DNA complex called msDNA (multicopy single-stranded (ss)DNA) in which a small ssDNA branches out from a small ssRNA molecule via a 2'-5'phosphodiester linkage. Bacterial retron RTs produce cDNA corresponding to only a small portion of the retron genome. Pssm-ID: 238824 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 158 Bit Score: 73.13 E-value: 6.63e-15
|
|||||||||||
Heme_Cu_Oxidase_I | cd00919 | Heme-copper oxidase subunit I. Heme-copper oxidases are transmembrane protein complexes in ... |
11-68 | 4.15e-14 | |||||||
Heme-copper oxidase subunit I. Heme-copper oxidases are transmembrane protein complexes in the respiratory chains of prokaryotes and mitochondria which catalyze the reduction of O2 and simultaneously pump protons across the membrane. The superfamily is diverse in terms of electron donors, subunit composition, and heme types. The number of subunits varies from three to five in bacteria and up to 13 in mammalian mitochondria. It has been proposed that Archaea acquired heme-copper oxidases through gene transfer from Gram-positive bacteria. Membership in the superfamily is defined by subunit I, which contains a heme-copper binuclear center (the active site where O2 is reduced to water) formed by a high-spin heme and a copper ion. It also contains a low-spin heme, believed to participate in the transfer of electrons to the binuclear center. Only subunit I is common to the entire superfamily. For every reduction of an O2 molecule, eight protons are taken from the inside aqueous compartment and four electrons are taken from the electron donor on the opposite side of the membrane. The four electrons and four of the protons are used in the reduction of O2; the four remaining protons are pumped across the membrane. This charge separation of four charges contributes to the electrochemical gradient used for ATP synthesis. Two proton channels, the D-pathway and K-pathway, leading to the binuclear center have been identified in subunit I of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) and ubiquinol oxidase. A well-defined pathway for the transfer of pumped protons beyond the binuclear center has not been identified. Electron transfer occurs in two segments: from the electron donor to the low-spin heme, and from the low-spin heme to the binuclear center. The first segment can be a multi-step process and varies among the different families, while the second segment, a direct transfer, is consistent throughout the superfamily. Pssm-ID: 238461 Cd Length: 463 Bit Score: 75.64 E-value: 4.15e-14
|
|||||||||||
CyoB | COG0843 | Heme/copper-type cytochrome/quinol oxidase, subunit 1 [Energy production and conversion]; |
2-68 | 4.61e-13 | |||||||
Heme/copper-type cytochrome/quinol oxidase, subunit 1 [Energy production and conversion]; Pssm-ID: 440605 Cd Length: 535 Bit Score: 72.47 E-value: 4.61e-13
|
|||||||||||
COX1 | MTH00026 | cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional |
4-68 | 2.69e-12 | |||||||
cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; Provisional Pssm-ID: 164599 Cd Length: 534 Bit Score: 70.04 E-value: 2.69e-12
|
|||||||||||
RT_nLTR_like | cd01650 | RT_nLTR: Non-LTR (long terminal repeat) retrotransposon and non-LTR retrovirus reverse ... |
348-599 | 4.95e-12 | |||||||
RT_nLTR: Non-LTR (long terminal repeat) retrotransposon and non-LTR retrovirus reverse transcriptase (RT). This subfamily contains both non-LTR retrotransposons and non-LTR retrovirus RTs. RTs catalyze the conversion of single-stranded RNA into double-stranded DNA for integration into host chromosomes. RT is a multifunctional enzyme with RNA-directed DNA polymerase, DNA directed DNA polymerase and ribonuclease hybrid (RNase H) activities. Pssm-ID: 238827 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 220 Bit Score: 66.16 E-value: 4.95e-12
|
|||||||||||
RT_Bac_retron_II | cd03487 | RT_Bac_retron_II: Reverse transcriptases (RTs) in bacterial retrotransposons or retrons. The ... |
350-628 | 1.41e-09 | |||||||
RT_Bac_retron_II: Reverse transcriptases (RTs) in bacterial retrotransposons or retrons. The polymerase reaction of this enzyme leads to the production of a unique RNA-DNA complex called msDNA (multicopy single-stranded (ss)DNA) in which a small ssDNA branches out from a small ssRNA molecule via a 2'-5'phosphodiester linkage. Bacterial retron RTs produce cDNA corresponding to only a small portion of the retron genome. Pssm-ID: 239569 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 214 Bit Score: 58.74 E-value: 1.41e-09
|
|||||||||||
COX1 | pfam00115 | Cytochrome C and Quinol oxidase polypeptide I; Cytochrome c oxidase (E.C:7.1.1.9) is a key ... |
13-68 | 3.18e-09 | |||||||
Cytochrome C and Quinol oxidase polypeptide I; Cytochrome c oxidase (E.C:7.1.1.9) is a key enzyme in aerobic metabolism. Proton pumping haem-copper oxidases represent the terminal, energy-transfer enzymes of respiratory chains in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The CuB-haem a3 (or haem o) binuclear centre, associated with the largest subunit I of cytochrome c and ubiquinol oxidases (E.C:1.10.3.11), is directly involved in the coupling between dioxygen reduction and proton pumping. Some terminal oxidases generate a transmembrane proton gradient across the plasma membrane (prokaryotes) or the mitochondrial inner membrane (eukaryotes). The enzyme complex consists of 3-4 subunits (prokaryotes) up to 13 polypeptides (mammals) of which only the catalytic subunit (equivalent to mammalian subunit I (COXI) is found in all haem-copper respiratory oxidases. The presence of a bimetallic centre (formed by a high-spin haem and copper B) as well as a low-spin haem, both ligated to six conserved histidine residues near the outer side of four transmembrane spans within CO I is common to all family members. Pssm-ID: 459678 Cd Length: 432 Bit Score: 59.89 E-value: 3.18e-09
|
|||||||||||
TERT | cd01648 | TERT: Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT). Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) that ... |
417-498 | 4.81e-06 | |||||||
TERT: Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT). Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) that synthesizes telomeric DNA repeats. The telomerase RNA subunit provides the template for synthesis of these repeats. The catalytic subunit of RNP is known as telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT). The reverse transcriptase (RT) domain is located in the C-terminal region of the TERT polypeptide. Single amino acid substitutions in this region lead to telomere shortening and senescence. Telomerase is an enzyme that, in certain cells, maintains the physical ends of chromosomes (telomeres) during replication. In somatic cells, replication of the lagging strand requires the continual presence of an RNA primer approximately 200 nucleotides upstream, which is complementary to the template strand. Since there is a region of DNA less than 200 base pairs from the end of the chromosome where this is not possible, the chromosome is continually shortened. However, a surplus of repetitive DNA at the chromosome ends protects against the erosion of gene-encoding DNA. Telomerase is not normally expressed in somatic cells. It has been suggested that exogenous TERT may extend the lifespan of, or even immortalize, the cell. However, recent studies have shown that telomerase activity can be induced by a number of oncogenes. Conversely, the oncogene c-myc can be activated in human TERT immortalized cells. Sequence comparisons place the telomerase proteins in the RT family but reveal hallmarks that distinguish them from retroviral and retrotransposon relatives. Pssm-ID: 238826 Cd Length: 119 Bit Score: 46.49 E-value: 4.81e-06
|
|||||||||||
Blast search parameters | ||||
|