FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing/faciogenital dysplasia proteins pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, C-terminus; In general, FGDs have a RhoGEF (DH) domain, followed by an N-terminal PH domain, a FYVE domain and a C-terminal PH domain. All FGDs are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activates the Rho GTPase Cdc42, an important regulator of membrane trafficking. The RhoGEF domain is responsible for GEF catalytic activity, while the N-terminal PH domain is involved in intracellular targeting of the DH domain. Not much is known about FGD2. FGD1 is the best characterized member of the group with mutations here leading to the X-linked disorder known as faciogenital dysplasia (FGDY). Both FGD1 and FGD3 are targeted by the ubiquitin ligase SCF(FWD1/beta-TrCP) upon phosphorylation of two serine residues in its DSGIDS motif and subsequently degraded by the proteasome. However, FGD1 and FGD3 induced significantly different morphological changes in HeLa Tet-Off cells and while FGD1 induced long finger-like protrusions, FGD3 induced broad sheet-like protrusions when the level of GTP-bound Cdc42 was significantly increased by the inducible expression of FGD3. They also reciprocally regulated cell motility in inducibly expressed in HeLa Tet-Off cells, FGD1 stimulated cell migration while FGD3 inhibited it. FGD1 and FGD3 therefore play different roles to regulate cellular functions, even though their intracellular levels are tightly controlled by the same destruction pathway through SCF(FWD1/beta-TrCP). FGD4 is one of the genes associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy type 4 (CMT4), a group of progressive motor and sensory axonal and demyelinating neuropathies that are distinguished from other forms of CMT by autosomal recessive inheritance. Those affected have distal muscle weakness and atrophy associated with sensory loss and, frequently, pes cavus foot deformity. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 61213216 598 PTADPQPSLLCGPLRLSESGETWSEVWAAIPMSDPQVLHLQGGSQDGRLPRTIPLPSCKLSVPDPEERLDSGHVWKLQWA 677
Cdd:cd13236   1 ASAVPENSLLCGFLQYSEKGKTWQKVWCVIPRTEPLVLYLYGAPQDVRAQRTIPLPGCEVTVPPPEERLDGRHVFKLSQS 80

                        90       100
                ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 61213216 678 KQSWYLSASSAELQQQWLETLSTAA 702
Cdd:cd13236  81 KQSHYFSAESEELQQRWLEALSRAA 105

FYVE-like domain found in FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain-containing protein 3 (FGD3) and similar proteins; FGD3, also termed zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 5, is a putative Cdc42-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that undergoes the ubiquitin ligase SCFFWD1/beta-TrCP-mediated proteasomal degradation. It is a homologue of FGD1 and contains a DBL homology (DH) domain and pleckstrin homology (PH) domain in the middle region, a FYVE domain, and another PH domain in the C-terminus, but lacks the N-terminal proline-rich domain (PRD) found in FGD1. Due to this difference, FGD3 may play different roles from that of FGD1 to regulate cell morphology or motility. The FYVE domain of FGD3 resembles a FYVE-like domain that is different from the canonical FYVE domains, since it lacks one of the three conserved signature motifs (the WxxD motif) that are involved in phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P) binding and exhibits altered lipid binding specificities.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 61213216 531 RDKEKQSCKSCGETFNSITKRRHHCKLCGAVICGKCSEFKAENSRQSRVCRDCF 584
Cdd:cd15740   1 REKEKQTCKGCNESFNSITKRRHHCKQCGAVICGKCSEFKDLASRHNRVCRDCF 54

FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing/faciogenital dysplasia proteins pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, C-terminus; In general, FGDs have a RhoGEF (DH) domain, followed by an N-terminal PH domain, a FYVE domain and a C-terminal PH domain. All FGDs are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activates the Rho GTPase Cdc42, an important regulator of membrane trafficking. The RhoGEF domain is responsible for GEF catalytic activity, while the N-terminal PH domain is involved in intracellular targeting of the DH domain. Not much is known about FGD2. FGD1 is the best characterized member of the group with mutations here leading to the X-linked disorder known as faciogenital dysplasia (FGDY). Both FGD1 and FGD3 are targeted by the ubiquitin ligase SCF(FWD1/beta-TrCP) upon phosphorylation of two serine residues in its DSGIDS motif and subsequently degraded by the proteasome. However, FGD1 and FGD3 induced significantly different morphological changes in HeLa Tet-Off cells and while FGD1 induced long finger-like protrusions, FGD3 induced broad sheet-like protrusions when the level of GTP-bound Cdc42 was significantly increased by the inducible expression of FGD3. They also reciprocally regulated cell motility in inducibly expressed in HeLa Tet-Off cells, FGD1 stimulated cell migration while FGD3 inhibited it. FGD1 and FGD3 therefore play different roles to regulate cellular functions, even though their intracellular levels are tightly controlled by the same destruction pathway through SCF(FWD1/beta-TrCP). FGD4 is one of the genes associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy type 4 (CMT4), a group of progressive motor and sensory axonal and demyelinating neuropathies that are distinguished from other forms of CMT by autosomal recessive inheritance. Those affected have distal muscle weakness and atrophy associated with sensory loss and, frequently, pes cavus foot deformity. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 61213216 598 PTADPQPSLLCGPLRLSESGETWSEVWAAIPMSDPQVLHLQGGSQDGRLPRTIPLPSCKLSVPDPEERLDSGHVWKLQWA 677
Cdd:cd13236   1 ASAVPENSLLCGFLQYSEKGKTWQKVWCVIPRTEPLVLYLYGAPQDVRAQRTIPLPGCEVTVPPPEERLDGRHVFKLSQS 80

                        90       100
                ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 61213216 678 KQSWYLSASSAELQQQWLETLSTAA 702
Cdd:cd13236  81 KQSHYFSAESEELQQRWLEALSRAA 105

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPases; Also called Dbl-homologous (DH) domain. It appears that PH domains invariably occur C-terminal to RhoGEF/DH domains.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 61213216 160 HIAQELLHTEETYVKRLHLLDQVFCTRL--TDAGIPPEVIMGIFSNISSIHRFHGQFLLpELKTRITEEWDTNPRLGDIL 237
Cdd:cd00160   3 EVIKELLQTERNYVRDLKLLVEVFLKPLdkELLPLSPEEVELLFGNIEEIYEFHRIFLK-SLEERVEEWDKSGPRIGDVF 81

                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 61213216 238 QKLAPFLKMYGEYVKNFDRAVGLVSTWTQRSPLFKDVVHSIQKQevCGNLTLQHHMLEPVQRVPRYELLLKDYLKRLPQD 317
Cdd:cd00160  82 LKLAPFFKIYSEYCSNHPDALELLKKLKKFNKFFQEFLEKAESE--CGRLKLESLLLKPVQRLTKYPLLLKELLKHTPDG 159

                       170       180
                ....*....|....*....|..
gi 61213216 318 APDRKDAERSLELISTAANHSN 339
Cdd:cd00160 160 HEDREDLKKALEAIKEVASQVN 181

FYVE-like domain found in FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain-containing protein 3 (FGD3) and similar proteins; FGD3, also termed zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 5, is a putative Cdc42-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that undergoes the ubiquitin ligase SCFFWD1/beta-TrCP-mediated proteasomal degradation. It is a homologue of FGD1 and contains a DBL homology (DH) domain and pleckstrin homology (PH) domain in the middle region, a FYVE domain, and another PH domain in the C-terminus, but lacks the N-terminal proline-rich domain (PRD) found in FGD1. Due to this difference, FGD3 may play different roles from that of FGD1 to regulate cell morphology or motility. The FYVE domain of FGD3 resembles a FYVE-like domain that is different from the canonical FYVE domains, since it lacks one of the three conserved signature motifs (the WxxD motif) that are involved in phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P) binding and exhibits altered lipid binding specificities.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 61213216 531 RDKEKQSCKSCGETFNSITKRRHHCKLCGAVICGKCSEFKAENSRQSRVCRDCF 584
Cdd:cd15740   1 REKEKQTCKGCNESFNSITKRRHHCKQCGAVICGKCSEFKDLASRHNRVCRDCF 54

Pleckstrin homology domain; Domain commonly found in eukaryotic signalling proteins. The domain family possesses multiple functions including the abilities to bind inositol phosphates, and various proteins. PH domains have been found to possess inserted domains (such as in PLC gamma, syntrophins) and to be inserted within other domains. Mutations in Brutons tyrosine kinase (Btk) within its PH domain cause X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA) in patients. Point mutations cluster into the positively charged end of the molecule around the predicted binding site for phosphatidylinositol lipids.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 61213216    371 LIKEGQIQKLSA-KNGTPQDRHLFLFNSMILYCvpKLRLMGQKFSVREKMDISGLQVQDIVKPNTA---HTF-IITGRKR 445
Cdd:smart00233   1 VIKEGWLYKKSGgGKKSWKKRYFVLFNSTLLYY--KSKKDKKSYKPKGSIDLSGCTVREAPDPDSSkkpHCFeIKTSDRK 78

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|...
gi 61213216    446 SLELQTRTEEEKKEWIQIIQATI 468
Cdd:smart00233  79 TLLLQAESEEEREKWVEALRKAI 101

PH domain; PH stands for pleckstrin homology.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 61213216   371 LIKEGQIQKLSAKNG-TPQDRHLFLFNSMILYCvpKLRLMGQKFSVREKMDISGLQVQDIV---KPNTAHTFIIT----G 442
Cdd:pfam00169   1 VVKEGWLLKKGGGKKkSWKKRYFVLFDGSLLYY--KDDKSGKSKEPKGSISLSGCEVVEVVasdSPKRKFCFELRtgerT 78

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 61213216   443 RKRSLELQTRTEEEKKEWIQIIQATIE 469
Cdd:pfam00169  79 GKRTYLLQAESEEERKDWIKAIQSAIR 105

Pleckstrin homology domain; Domain commonly found in eukaryotic signalling proteins. The domain family possesses multiple functions including the abilities to bind inositol phosphates, and various proteins. PH domains have been found to possess inserted domains (such as in PLC gamma, syntrophins) and to be inserted within other domains. Mutations in Brutons tyrosine kinase (Btk) within its PH domain cause X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA) in patients. Point mutations cluster into the positively charged end of the molecule around the predicted binding site for phosphatidylinositol lipids.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 61213216    606 LLCGPLRLSESG--ETWSEVWAAIpmsDPQVLHL---QGGSQDGRLPRTIPLPSCKLSVPDPEERLDSGHVWKLQWA-KQ 679
Cdd:smart00233   2 IKEGWLYKKSGGgkKSWKKRYFVL---FNSTLLYyksKKDKKSYKPKGSIDLSGCTVREAPDPDSSKKPHCFEIKTSdRK 78

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|....
gi 61213216    680 SWYLSASSAELQQQWLETLSTAAH 703
Cdd:smart00233  79 TLLLQAESEEEREKWVEALRKAIA 102

FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing/faciogenital dysplasia proteins pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, C-terminus; In general, FGDs have a RhoGEF (DH) domain, followed by an N-terminal PH domain, a FYVE domain and a C-terminal PH domain. All FGDs are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activates the Rho GTPase Cdc42, an important regulator of membrane trafficking. The RhoGEF domain is responsible for GEF catalytic activity, while the N-terminal PH domain is involved in intracellular targeting of the DH domain. Not much is known about FGD2. FGD1 is the best characterized member of the group with mutations here leading to the X-linked disorder known as faciogenital dysplasia (FGDY). Both FGD1 and FGD3 are targeted by the ubiquitin ligase SCF(FWD1/beta-TrCP) upon phosphorylation of two serine residues in its DSGIDS motif and subsequently degraded by the proteasome. However, FGD1 and FGD3 induced significantly different morphological changes in HeLa Tet-Off cells and while FGD1 induced long finger-like protrusions, FGD3 induced broad sheet-like protrusions when the level of GTP-bound Cdc42 was significantly increased by the inducible expression of FGD3. They also reciprocally regulated cell motility in inducibly expressed in HeLa Tet-Off cells, FGD1 stimulated cell migration while FGD3 inhibited it. FGD1 and FGD3 therefore play different roles to regulate cellular functions, even though their intracellular levels are tightly controlled by the same destruction pathway through SCF(FWD1/beta-TrCP). FGD4 is one of the genes associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy type 4 (CMT4), a group of progressive motor and sensory axonal and demyelinating neuropathies that are distinguished from other forms of CMT by autosomal recessive inheritance. Those affected have distal muscle weakness and atrophy associated with sensory loss and, frequently, pes cavus foot deformity. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 61213216 598 PTADPQPSLLCGPLRLSESGETWSEVWAAIPMSDPQVLHLQGGSQDGRLPRTIPLPSCKLSVPDPEERLDSGHVWKLQWA 677
Cdd:cd13236   1 ASAVPENSLLCGFLQYSEKGKTWQKVWCVIPRTEPLVLYLYGAPQDVRAQRTIPLPGCEVTVPPPEERLDGRHVFKLSQS 80

                        90       100
                ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 61213216 678 KQSWYLSASSAELQQQWLETLSTAA 702
Cdd:cd13236  81 KQSHYFSAESEELQQRWLEALSRAA 105

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPases; Also called Dbl-homologous (DH) domain. It appears that PH domains invariably occur C-terminal to RhoGEF/DH domains.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 61213216 160 HIAQELLHTEETYVKRLHLLDQVFCTRL--TDAGIPPEVIMGIFSNISSIHRFHGQFLLpELKTRITEEWDTNPRLGDIL 237
Cdd:cd00160   3 EVIKELLQTERNYVRDLKLLVEVFLKPLdkELLPLSPEEVELLFGNIEEIYEFHRIFLK-SLEERVEEWDKSGPRIGDVF 81

                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 61213216 238 QKLAPFLKMYGEYVKNFDRAVGLVSTWTQRSPLFKDVVHSIQKQevCGNLTLQHHMLEPVQRVPRYELLLKDYLKRLPQD 317
Cdd:cd00160  82 LKLAPFFKIYSEYCSNHPDALELLKKLKKFNKFFQEFLEKAESE--CGRLKLESLLLKPVQRLTKYPLLLKELLKHTPDG 159

                       170       180
                ....*....|....*....|..
gi 61213216 318 APDRKDAERSLELISTAANHSN 339
Cdd:cd00160 160 HEDREDLKKALEAIKEVASQVN 181

FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing/faciogenital dysplasia family proteins, N-terminal Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; In general, FGDs have a RhoGEF (DH) domain, followed by an N-terminal PH domain, a FYVE domain and a C-terminal PH domain. All FGDs are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activates the Rho GTPase Cdc42, an important regulator of membrane trafficking. The RhoGEF domain is responsible for GEF catalytic activity, while the N-terminal PH domain is involved in intracellular targeting of the DH domain. Mutations in the FGD1 gene are responsible for the X-linked disorder known as faciogenital dysplasia (FGDY). PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 61213216 373 KEGQIQKLSAKNGTPQDRHLFLFNSMILYCVPKLRLMGQKFSVREKMDISGLQVQDIVKPNTAHTFIITGRKRSLELQTR 452
Cdd:cd13328   1 KEGQILKLSAKNGTPQPRYLFLFNDMLLYCVPKLSLVGQKFSVRNRLDVAGMKVREPVNENYPHTFKISGKERSLELQAS 80

                        90
                ....*....|..
gi 61213216 453 TEEEKKEWIQII 464
Cdd:cd13328  81 SAEEKDEWIQAI 92

FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing/faciogenital dysplasia protein 1, N-terminal Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; In general, FGDs have a RhoGEF (DH) domain, followed by an N-terminal PH domain, a FYVE domain and a C-terminal PH domain. All FGDs are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activates the Rho GTPase Cdc42, an important regulator of membrane trafficking. The RhoGEF domain is responsible for GEF catalytic activity, while the N-terminal PH domain is involved in intracellular targeting of the DH domain. Mutations in the FGD1 gene are responsible for the X-linked disorder known as faciogenital dysplasia (FGDY). Both FGD1 and FGD3 are targeted by the ubiquitin ligase SCF(FWD1/beta-TrCP) upon phosphorylation of two serine residues in its DSGIDS motif and subsequently degraded by the proteasome. However, FGD1 and FGD3 induced significantly different morphological changes in HeLa Tet-Off cells and while FGD1 induced long finger-like protrusions, FGD3 induced broad sheet-like protrusions when the level of GTP-bound Cdc42 was significantly increased by the inducible expression of FGD3. They also reciprocally regulated cell motility in inducibly expressed in HeLa Tet-Off cells, FGD1 stimulated cell migration while FGD3 inhibited it. FGD1 and FGD3 therefore play different roles to regulate cellular functions, even though their intracellular levels are tightly controlled by the same destruction pathway through SCF(FWD1/beta-TrCP). PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 61213216 371 LIKEGQIQKLSAKNGTPQDRHLFLFNSMILYCVPKLRLMGQKFSVREKMDISGLQVQDIVKPNTAHTFIITGRKRSLELQ 450
Cdd:cd01219   1 LIKEGHILKLSAKNGTTQDRYLILFNDRLLYCVPKLRLIGQKFSVRARIDVEGMELKESSSLNLPRTFLVSGKQRSLELQ 80

                        90       100
                ....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 61213216 451 TRTEEEKKEWIQIIQATIEKHKQNSETF 478
Cdd:cd01219  81 ARTEEEKKDWIQAIQATIQRHEQTLETF 108

FYVE-like domain found in FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain-containing protein 3 (FGD3) and similar proteins; FGD3, also termed zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 5, is a putative Cdc42-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that undergoes the ubiquitin ligase SCFFWD1/beta-TrCP-mediated proteasomal degradation. It is a homologue of FGD1 and contains a DBL homology (DH) domain and pleckstrin homology (PH) domain in the middle region, a FYVE domain, and another PH domain in the C-terminus, but lacks the N-terminal proline-rich domain (PRD) found in FGD1. Due to this difference, FGD3 may play different roles from that of FGD1 to regulate cell morphology or motility. The FYVE domain of FGD3 resembles a FYVE-like domain that is different from the canonical FYVE domains, since it lacks one of the three conserved signature motifs (the WxxD motif) that are involved in phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P) binding and exhibits altered lipid binding specificities.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 61213216 531 RDKEKQSCKSCGETFNSITKRRHHCKLCGAVICGKCSEFKAENSRQSRVCRDCF 584
Cdd:cd15740   1 REKEKQTCKGCNESFNSITKRRHHCKQCGAVICGKCSEFKDLASRHNRVCRDCF 54

FYVE domain found in FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain-containing protein facio-genital dysplasia FGD1, FGD2, FGD4; This family represents a group of Rho GTPase cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42)-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), including FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain-containing protein FGD1, FGD2 and FGD4. FGD1, also termed faciogenital dysplasia 1 protein, or Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor FGD1 (Rho/Rac GEF), or zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 3, is a central regulator of extracellular matrix remodeling and belongs to the DBL family of GEFs that regulate the activation of the Rho GTPases. FGD1 is encoded by gene FGD1. Disabling mutations in the FGD1 gene cause the human X-linked developmental disorder faciogenital dysplasia (FGDY, also known as Aarskog-Scott syndrome). FGD2, also termed zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 4, is expressed in antigen-presenting cells, including B lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. It localizes to early endosomes and active membrane ruffles. It plays a role in leukocyte signaling and vesicle trafficking in cells specialized to present antigen in the immune system. FGD4, also termed actin filament-binding protein frabin, or FGD1-related F-actin-binding protein, or zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 6, functions as an F-actin-binding (FAB) protein showing significant homology to FGD1. It induces the formation of filopodia through the activation of Cdc42 in fibroblasts. Those FGD proteins possess a similar domain organization that contains a DBL homology (DH) domain, a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, a FYVE domain, and another PH domain in the C-terminus. However, each FGD has a unique N-terminal region that may directly or indirectly interact with F-actin. FGD1 and FGD4 have an N-terminal proline-rich domain (PRD) and an N-terminal F-actin binding (FAB) domain, respectively. This model corresponds to the FYVE domain, which has been found in many proteins involved in membrane trafficking and phosphoinositide metabolism, and has been defined by three signature sequences: an N-terminal WxxD motif (x for any residue), the central basic R(R/K)HHCR patch, and a C-terminal RVC motif, which form a compact phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P)-binding site. FGD1 possesses a FYVE-like domain that lack the N-terminal WxxD motif. Moreover, FGD2 is the only known RhoGEF family member shown to have a functional FYVE domain and endosomal binding activity.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 61213216 531 RDKEKQSCKSCGETFNSITKRRHHCKLCGAVICGKCSEFKAE----NSRQSRVCRDCF 584
Cdd:cd15741   5 RDNEVTMCMRCKEPFNALTRRRHHCRACGYVVCWKCSDYKATleydGNKLNRVCKHCY 62

Protein present in Fab1, YOTB, Vac1, and EEA1; The FYVE zinc finger is named after four proteins where it was first found: Fab1, YOTB/ZK632.12, Vac1, and EEA1. The FYVE finger has been shown to bind two Zn2+ ions. The FYVE finger has eight potential zinc coordinating cysteine positions. The FYVE finger is structurally related to the PHD finger and the RING finger. Many members of this family also include two histidines in a motif R+HHC+XCG, where + represents a charged residue and X any residue. The FYVE finger functions in the membrane recruitment of cytosolic proteins by binding to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P), which is prominent on endosomes. The R+HHC+XCG motif is critical for PI3P binding.

                           10        20        30        40        50
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 61213216    531 RDKEKQSCKSCGETFNsITKRRHHCKLCGAVICGKCSEFKA-----ENSRQSRVCRDCF 584
Cdd:smart00064   6 PDEEVSNCMGCGKEFN-LTKRRHHCRNCGRIFCSKCSSKKAplpklGIERPVRVCDDCY 63

FYVE zinc finger; The FYVE zinc finger is named after four proteins that it has been found in: Fab1, YOTB/ZK632.12, Vac1, and EEA1. The FYVE finger has been shown to bind two Zn++ ions. The FYVE finger has eight potential zinc coordinating cysteine positions. Many members of this family also include two histidines in a motif R+HHC+XCG, where + represents a charged residue and X any residue. We have included members which do not conserve these histidine residues but are clearly related.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 61213216   532 DKEKQSCKSCGETFNsITKRRHHCKLCGAVICGKCSEFKAEN------SRQSRVCRDCF 584
Cdd:pfam01363   6 DSSATVCMICSKPFT-FFRRRHHCRNCGRVFCSACSSKKISLlpelgsNKPVRVCDACY 63

FERM, RhoGEF and pleckstrin domain-containing protein 1 and related proteins Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain, repeat 1; Members here include FARP1 (also called Chondrocyte-derived ezrin-like protein; PH domain-containing family C member 2), FARP2 (also called FIR/FERM domain including RhoGEF; FGD1-related Cdc42-GEF/FRG), and FARP6 (also called Zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 24). They are members of the Dbl family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) which are upstream positive regulators of Rho GTPases. Little is known about FARP1 and FARP6, though FARP1 has increased expression in differentiated chondrocytes. FARP2 is thought to regulate neurite remodeling by mediating the signaling pathways from membrane proteins to Rac. It is found in brain, lung, and testis, as well as embryonic hippocampal and cortical neurons. FARP1 and FARP2 are composed of a N-terminal FERM domain, a proline-rich (PR) domain, Dbl-homology (DH), and two C-terminal PH domains. FARP6 is composed of Dbl-homology (DH), and two C-terminal PH domains separated by a FYVE domain. This hierarchy contains the first PH repeat. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 61213216 364 IVNPANELIKEGQIQKLSaKNGtPQDRHLFLFNSMILYcVPKLRLMGQKFSVREKMDISGLQVQDI-VKPNTAHTFIITG 442
Cdd:cd01220   1 LVQPGREFIREGCLQKLS-KKG-LQQRMFFLFSDVLLY-TSRSPTPSLQFKVHGQLPLRGLMVEESePEWGVAHCFTIYG 77

                        90       100
                ....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 61213216 443 RKRSLELQTRTEEEKKEWIQIIQATIE 469
Cdd:cd01220  78 GNRALTVAASSEEEKERWLEDLQRAID 104

FYVE domain like superfamily; FYVE domain is a 60-80 residue double zinc finger motif-containing module named after the four proteins, Fab1, YOTB, Vac1, and EEA1. The canonical FYVE domains are distinguished from other zinc fingers by three signature sequences: an N-terminal WxxD motif (x for any residue), the central basic R(R/K)HHCRxCG patch, and a C-terminal RVC motif, which form a compact phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P, also termed PI3P)-binding site. They are found in many membrane trafficking regulators, including EEA1, Hrs, Vac1p, Vps27p, and FENS-1, which locate to early endosomes, specifically bind PtdIns3P, and play important roles in vesicular traffic and in signal transduction. Some proteins, such as rabphilin-3A and alpha-Rab3-interacting molecules (RIMs), are also involved in membrane trafficking and bind to members of the Rab subfamily of GTP hydrolases. However, they contain FYVE-related domains that are structurally similar to the canonical FYVE domains but lack the three signature sequences. At this point, they may not bind to phosphoinositides. In addition, this superfamily also contains the third group of proteins, caspase-associated ring proteins CARP1 and CARP2. They do not localize to membranes in the cell and are involved in the negative regulation of apoptosis, specifically targeting two initiator caspases, caspase 8 and caspase 10, which are distinguished from other FYVE-type proteins. Moreover, these proteins have an altered sequence in the basic ligand binding patch and lack the WxxD motif that is conserved only in phosphoinositide binding FYVE domains. Thus they constitute a family of unique FYVE-type domains called FYVE-like domains. The FYVE domain is structurally similar to the RING domain and the PHD finger. This superfamily also includes ADDz zinc finger domain, which is a PHD-like zinc finger motif that contains two parts, a C2-C2 and a PHD-like zinc finger.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 61213216 537 SCKSCGETFnSITKRRHHCKLCGAVICGKCSEFKA-----ENSRQSRVCRDCF 584
Cdd:cd00065   1 RCMLCGKKF-SLFRRRHHCRRCGRVFCSKCSSKKLplpsfGSGKPVRVCDSCY 52

FYVE domain found in protein containing both PH and FYVE domains 1 (phafin-1), 2 (phafin-2), and similar proteins; This family includes protein containing both PH and FYVE domains 1 (phafin-1) and 2 (phafin-2). Phafin-1 is a representative of a novel family of PH and FYVE domain-containing proteins called phafins. It is a ubiquitously expressed pro-apoptotic protein via translocating to lysosomes, facilitating apoptosis induction through a lysosomal-mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Phafin-2 is a ubiquitously expressed endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein that facilitates tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-triggered cellular apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. It is an endosomal phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P) effector, as well as an interactor of the endosomal-tethering protein EEA1. It regulates endosome fusion upstream of Rab5. Phafin-2 also functions as a novel regulator of endocytic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) degradation through a role in endosomal fusion.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 61213216 532 DKEKQSCKSCGET-FNSITkRRHHCKLCGAVICGKCSEFKAENSRQS----RVCRDCF 584
Cdd:cd15717   5 DSEAPVCMHCKKTkFTAIN-RRHHCRKCGAVVCGACSSKKFLLPHQSskplRVCDTCY 61

FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing/faciogenital dysplasia protein 6, N-terminal Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain; FGD5 regulates promotes angiogenesis of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in vascular endothelial cells, including network formation, permeability, directional movement, and proliferation. The specific function of FGD6 is unknown. In general, FGDs have a RhoGEF (DH) domain, followed by a PH domain, a FYVE domain and a C-terminal PH domain. All FGDs are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate the Rho GTPase Cdc42, an important regulator of membrane trafficking. The RhoGEF domain is responsible for GEF catalytic activity, while the PH domain is involved in intracellular targeting of the DH domain. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 61213216 358 LGGEEDIVNPANELIKEGQIQKLSAKngTPQDRHLFLFNSMILYCVPklrLMGQKFSVREKMDISGLQVQDIVKPNTAHT 437
Cdd:cd15793   1 LNGHHEIVQPGRVFLKEGTLMKLSRK--VMQPRMFFLFNDALLYTTP---VQSGMYKLNNMLSLAGMKVSKPSQEAYQNE 75

                        90       100       110       120
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 61213216 438 FIITGRKRSLELQTRTEEEKKEWIQIIQATIEKHKQNSETF 478
Cdd:cd15793  76 LNIESVERSFILSASSATERDEWLEAISRAIEEYAKKKITF 116

FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing/faciogenital dysplasia protein 5, N-terminal Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain; FGD5 regulates promotes angiogenesis of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in vascular endothelial cells, including network formation, permeability, directional movement, and proliferation. In general, FGDs have a RhoGEF (DH) domain, followed by a PH domain, a FYVE domain and a C-terminal PH domain. All FGDs are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate the Rho GTPase Cdc42, an important regulator of membrane trafficking. The RhoGEF domain is responsible for GEF catalytic activity, while the PH domain is involved in intracellular targeting of the DH domain. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 61213216 359 GGEEDIVNPANELIKEGQIQKLSAKNGTPqdRHLFLFNSMILYCVPklrLMGQKFSVREKMDISGLQVQDIVKPNTAHTF 438
Cdd:cd15792   2 RGQRDLLQPGREFVKEGTLMKVSGKNRHP--RHLFLMNDVLLYTYP---QKDGKYRLKNTLAVSGMKVSRPVIEKAQNVL 76

                        90       100       110
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 61213216 439 IITGRKRSLELQTRTEEEKKEWIQIIQATIEKH 471
Cdd:cd15792  77 KIEVSEVCLTLSASSCSERDEWYSCLSRTIPDD 109

FYVE domain 2 found in yeast protein VAC1 (Vac1p) and similar proteins; Vac1p, also termed vacuolar segregation protein Pep7p, or carboxypeptidase Y-deficient protein 7, or vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 19 (Vps19p), or vacuolar protein-targeting protein 19, is a phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P)-binding protein that interacts with a Rab GTPase, GTP-bound form of Vps21p, and a Sec1p homologue, Vps45p, to facilitate Vps45p-dependent vesicle-mediated vacuolar protein sorting. It also acts as a novel regulator of vesicle docking and/or fusion at the endosome and functions in vesicle-mediated transport of Golgi precursor carboxypeptidase Y (CPY), protease A (PrA), protease B (PrB), but not alkaline phosphatase (ALP) from the trans-Golgi network-like compartment (TGN) to the endosome. Vac1p contains an N-terminal classical TFIIIA-like zinc finger, two putative zinc-binding FYVE fingers, and a C-terminal coiled coil region. The family corresponds to the second FYVE domain that is responsible for the ability of Pep7p to efficiently interact with Vac1p and Vps45p.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 61213216 528 KTRRDKEKQSCKSCGETFNSITkRRHHCKLCGAVICG----KCS-----------------EFKAENSRQS------RVC 580
Cdd:cd15737   1 PWEDDSSVTHCPICLRSFGLLL-RKHHCRLCGKVVCDdrrtKCStevpldllssalpdlpfVFKEPQSDIPddtksvRVC 79

                ...
gi 61213216 581 RDC 583
Cdd:cd15737  80 RDC 82

FYVE domain found in FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain-containing protein 6 (FGD6) and similar proteins; FGD6, also termed zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 24 is a putative Cdc42-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) whose biological function remains unclear. It is a homologue of FGD1 and contains a DBL homology (DH) domain and pleckstrin homology (PH) domain in the middle region, a FYVE domain, and another PH domain in the C-terminus, but lacks the N-terminal proline-rich domain (PRD) found in FGD1. Moreover, the FYVE domain of FGD6 is a canonical FYVE domain, which has been found in many proteins involved in membrane trafficking and phosphoinositide metabolism, and has been defined by three signature sequences: an N-terminal WxxD motif (x for any residue), the central basic R(R/K)HHCR patch, and a C-terminal RVC motif, which form a compact phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P)-binding site.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 61213216 538 CKSCGETFnSITKRRHHCKLCGAVICGKCSEFKAE----NSRQSRVCRDCF 584
Cdd:cd15743  12 CMICTSEF-TVTWRRHHCRACGKVVCGSCSSNKAPleylKNKSARVCDECF 61

FYVE domain found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 27 (scVps27p) and similar proteins; scVps27p, also termed Golgi retention defective protein 11, is the putative yeast counterpart of the mammalian protein Hrs and is involved in endosome maturation. It is a mono-ubiquitin-binding protein that interacts with ubiquitinated cargoes, such as Hse1p, and is required for protein sorting into the multivesicular body. Vps27p forms a complex with Hse1p. The complex binds ubiquitin and mediates endosomal protein sorting. At the endosome, Vps27p and a trimeric protein complex, ESCRT-1, bind ubiquitin and are important for multivesicular body (MVB) sorting. Vps27p contains an N-terminal VHS (Vps27/Hrs/STAM) domain, a FYVE domain that binds PtdIns3P, followed by two ubiquitin-interacting motifs (UIMs), and a C-terminal clathrin-binding motif.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 61213216 533 KEKQSCKSCGETFNSiTKRRHHCKLCGAVICGKCSEFK------AENSRQSRVCRDCF 584
Cdd:cd15760   3 KPDSRCDVCRKKFGL-FKRRHHCRNCGDSFCSEHSSRRiplphlGPLGVPQRVCDRCF 59

FYVE domain found in RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein RUFY1, RUFY2 and similar proteins; This family includes RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein RUFY1 and RUFY2. RUFY1, also termed FYVE-finger protein EIP1, or La-binding protein 1, or Rab4-interacting protein (Rabip4), or Zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 12 (ZFY12), a human homologue of mouse Rabip4, an effector of Rab4 GTPase that regulates recycling of endocytosed cargo. RUFY1 is an endosomal protein that functions as a dual effector of Rab4 and Rab14 and is involved in efficient recycling of transferrin (Tfn). It is a downstream effector of Etk, a downstream tyrosine kinase of PI3-kinase that is involved in regulation of vesicle trafficking. RUFY2, also termed Rab4-interacting protein related, is a novel embryonic factor that is present in the nucleus at early stages of embryonic development. It may have both endosomal functions in the cytoplasm and nuclear functions. Both RUFY1 and RUFY2 contain an N-terminal RUN domain and a C-terminal FYVE domain with two coiled-coil domains in-between.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 61213216 532 DKEKQSCKSCGETFnSITKRRHHCKLCGAVICGKCSEFK---AENSRQSRVCRDCF 584
Cdd:cd15721   4 DKEVTHCQQCEKEF-SLSRRKHHCRNCGGIFCNSCSDNTmplPSSAKPVRVCDTCY 58

FYVE domain found in protein containing both PH and FYVE domains 2 (phafin-2) and similar proteins; Phafin-2, also termed endoplasmic reticulum-associated apoptosis-involved protein containing PH and FYVE domains (EAPF), or pleckstrin homology domain-containing family F member 2 (PKHF2), or PH domain-containing family F member 2, or PH and FYVE domain-containing protein 2, or zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 18, is a ubiquitously expressed endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein that facilitates tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-triggered cellular apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. It is an endosomal phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P) effector, as well as an interactor of the endosomal-tethering protein EEA1. It regulates endosome fusion upstream of Rab5. Phafin-2 also functions as a novel regulator of endocytic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) degradation through a role in endosomal fusion.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 61213216 532 DKEKQSCKSCGETFNSITKRRHHCKLCGAVICGKCSEFK----AENSRQSRVCRDCF 584
Cdd:cd15755   5 DSEATVCMRCQKAKFTPVNRRHHCRKCGFVVCGPCSEKKfllpSQSSKPVRVCDFCY 61

FYVE-related domain found in protrudin and similar proteins; Protrudin, also termed zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 27 (ZFY27 or ZFYVE27), is a FYVE domain-containing protein involved in transport of neuronal cargoes and implicated in the onset of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP). It is involved in neurite outgrowth through binding to spastin. Moreover, it functions as a key regulator of the Rab11-dependent membrane trafficking during neurite extension. It serves as an adaptor molecule that links its associated proteins, such as Rab11-GDP, VAP-A and -B, Surf4, and RTN3, to KIF5, a motor protein that mediates anterograde vesicular transport in neurons, and thus plays a key role in the maintenance of neuronal function. The FYVE domain of protrudin resembles a FYVE-related domain that is structurally similar to the canonical FYVE domains but lacks the three signature sequences: an N-terminal WxxD motif (x for any residue), the central basic R(R/K)HHCRxCG patch, and a C-terminal RVC motif. In addition, unlike canonical FYVE domains that is located to early endosomes and specifically binds to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P), the FYVE domain of protrudin is located to plasma membrane and preferentially binds phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2), phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4)P2), and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3). In addition to FYVE-related domain, protrudin also contains a Rab11-binding domain (RBD11), two hydrophobic domains, HP-1 and HP-2, an FFAT motif, and a coiled-coil domain.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 61213216 537 SCKSCGETFNSITKRRHHCKLCGAVICGKCSEFKAENSR-----------QSRVCRDC 583
Cdd:cd15723   1 NCTGCGASFSVLLKKRRSCNNCGNAFCSRCCSKKVPRSVmgatapaaqreTVFVCSGC 58

FYVE domain found in lateral signaling target protein 2 homolog (Lst2) and similar proteins; Lst2, also termed zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 28, is a monoubiquitinylated phosphoprotein that functions as a negative regulator of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. Unlike other FYVE domain-containing proteins, Lst2 displays primarily non-endosomal localization. Its endosomal localization is regulated by monoubiquitinylation. Lst2 physically binds Trim3, also known as BERP or RNF22, which is a coordinator of endosomal trafficking and interacts with Hrs and a complex that biases cargo recycling.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 61213216 532 DKEKQSCKSCGETFNSItKRRHHCKLCGAVICGKCSEFKAENSRQS-----RVCRDCFL 585
Cdd:cd15731   8 DEACPQCMACSAPFTVL-RRRHHCRNCGKIFCSRCSSNSVPLPRYGqmkpvRVCNHCFM 65

FYVE domain found in hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (Hrs) and similar proteins; Hrs, also termed protein pp110, is a tyrosine phosphorylated protein that plays an important role in the signaling pathway of HGF. It is localized to early endosomes and an essential component of the endosomal sorting and trafficking machinery. Hrs interacts with hypertonia-associated protein Trak1, a novel regulator of endosome-to-lysosome trafficking. It can also forms an Hrs/actinin-4/BERP/myosin V protein complex that is required for efficient transferrin receptor (TfR) recycling but not for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) degradation. Moreover, Hrs, together with STAM proteins, STAM1 and STAM2, and EPs15, forms a multivalent ubiquitin-binding complex that sorts ubiquitinated proteins into the multivesicular body pathway, and plays a regulatory role in endocytosis/exocytosis. Furthermore, Hrs functions as an interactor of the neurofibromatosis 2 tumor suppressor protein schwannomin/merlin. It is also involved in the inhibition of citron kinase-mediated HIV-1 budding. Hrs contains a single ubiquitin-interacting motif (UIM) that is crucial for its function in receptor sorting, and a FYVE domain that harbors double Zn2+ binding sites.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 61213216 533 KEKQSCKSCGETFnSITKRRHHCKLCGAVICGKCS-------EFKAEnsRQSRVCRDCF 584
Cdd:cd15720   3 KDGDECHRCRVQF-GVFQRKHHCRACGQVFCGKCSsksstipKFGIE--KEVRVCDPCY 58

FYVE-like domain found in FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain-containing protein 5 (FGD5) and similar proteins; FGD5, also termed zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 23, is an endothelial cell (EC)-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that regulates endothelial adhesion, survival, and angiogenesis by modulating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling. It functions as a novel genetic regulator of vascular pruning by activation of endothelial cell-targeted apoptosis. FGD5 is a homologue of FGD1 and contains a DBL homology (DH) domain, a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, a FYVE domain, and another PH domain in the C-terminus, but lacks the N-terminal proline-rich domain (PRD) found in FGD1. The FYVE domain of FGD5 resembles a FYVE-like domain that is different from the canonical FYVE domains, since it lacks one of the three conserved signature motifs (the WxxD motif) that are involved in phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P) binding and exhibits altered lipid binding specificities.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 61213216 538 CKSCGETFnSITKRRHHCKLCGAVICGKCSE----FKAENSRQSRVCRDCF 584
Cdd:cd15742  12 CMNCGSDF-TLTLRRHHCHACGKIVCRNCSRnkypLKYLKDRPAKVCDGCF 61