RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in yeast cell wall integrity protein scw1 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of the family including yeast cell wall integrity protein scw1, yeast Whi3 protein, yeast Whi4 protein and similar proteins. The strong cell wall protein 1, scw1, is a nonessential cytoplasmic RNA-binding protein that regulates septation and cell-wall structure in fission yeast. It may function as an inhibitor of septum formation, such that its loss of function allows weak SIN signaling to promote septum formation. It's RRM domain shows high homology to two budding yeast proteins, Whi3 and Whi4. Whi3 is a dose-dependent modulator of cell size and has been implicated in cell cycle control in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It functions as a negative regulator of ceroid-lipofuscinosis, neuronal 3 (Cln3), a G1 cyclin that promotes transcription of many genes to trigger the G1/S transition in budding yeast. It specifically binds the CLN3 mRNA and localizes it into discrete cytoplasmic loci that may locally restrict Cln3 synthesis to modulate cell cycle progression. Moreover, Whi3 plays a key role in cell fate determination in budding yeast. The RRM domain is essential for Whi3 function. Whi4 is a partially redundant homolog of Whi3, also containing one RRM. Some uncharacterized family members of this subfamily contain two RRMs; their RRM1 shows high sequence homology to the RRM of RNA-binding protein with multiple splicing (RBP-MS)-like proteins.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 365989942 624 PCNTLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFSCQNGFRRLSFRNKntnghghGHGPMCFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQLPratLSSK 703
Cdd:cd12245    1 PCNTLFVANLGPNVSEQELRQLFSRQPGFRRLRMHNK-------GGGPVCFVEFEDVPFATQALNHLQGAILS---SSDR 70

                 ....*....
gi 365989942 704 GGIRLSFSK 712
Cdd:cd12245   71 GGIRIEYAK 79

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in yeast cell wall integrity protein scw1 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of the family including yeast cell wall integrity protein scw1, yeast Whi3 protein, yeast Whi4 protein and similar proteins. The strong cell wall protein 1, scw1, is a nonessential cytoplasmic RNA-binding protein that regulates septation and cell-wall structure in fission yeast. It may function as an inhibitor of septum formation, such that its loss of function allows weak SIN signaling to promote septum formation. It's RRM domain shows high homology to two budding yeast proteins, Whi3 and Whi4. Whi3 is a dose-dependent modulator of cell size and has been implicated in cell cycle control in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It functions as a negative regulator of ceroid-lipofuscinosis, neuronal 3 (Cln3), a G1 cyclin that promotes transcription of many genes to trigger the G1/S transition in budding yeast. It specifically binds the CLN3 mRNA and localizes it into discrete cytoplasmic loci that may locally restrict Cln3 synthesis to modulate cell cycle progression. Moreover, Whi3 plays a key role in cell fate determination in budding yeast. The RRM domain is essential for Whi3 function. Whi4 is a partially redundant homolog of Whi3, also containing one RRM. Some uncharacterized family members of this subfamily contain two RRMs; their RRM1 shows high sequence homology to the RRM of RNA-binding protein with multiple splicing (RBP-MS)-like proteins.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 365989942 624 PCNTLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFSCQNGFRRLSFRNKntnghghGHGPMCFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQLPratLSSK 703
Cdd:cd12245    1 PCNTLFVANLGPNVSEQELRQLFSRQPGFRRLRMHNK-------GGGPVCFVEFEDVPFATQALNHLQGAILS---SSDR 70

                 ....*....
gi 365989942 704 GGIRLSFSK 712
Cdd:cd12245   71 GGIRIEYAK 79

RNA recognition motif;

                           10        20        30        40        50        60
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 365989942   627 TLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFSCQNGFRRLSFRNKNTNGHGHGhgpMCFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQL 695
Cdd:smart00360   1 TLFVGNLPPDTTEEELRELFSKFGKVESVRLVRDKETGKSKG---FAFVEFESEEDAEKALEALNGKEL 66

hnRNP-L/PTB/hephaestus splicing factor family; Included in this family of heterogeneous ribonucleoproteins are PTB (polypyrimidine tract binding protein) and hnRNP-L. These proteins contain four RNA recognition motifs (rrm: pfam00067).

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 365989942  623 PPCNTLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFScQNGFRRLS---FRNKNTNGHGhghgpMCFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQLPRAT 699
Cdd:TIGR01649 392 PPSATLHLSNIPLSVSEEDLKELFA-ENGVHKVKkfkFFPKDNERSK-----MGLLEWESVEDAVEALIALNHHQLNEPN 465

                          90
                  ....*....|...
gi 365989942  700 LSSKGGIRLSFSK 712
Cdd:TIGR01649 466 GSAPYHLKVSFST 478

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in yeast cell wall integrity protein scw1 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of the family including yeast cell wall integrity protein scw1, yeast Whi3 protein, yeast Whi4 protein and similar proteins. The strong cell wall protein 1, scw1, is a nonessential cytoplasmic RNA-binding protein that regulates septation and cell-wall structure in fission yeast. It may function as an inhibitor of septum formation, such that its loss of function allows weak SIN signaling to promote septum formation. It's RRM domain shows high homology to two budding yeast proteins, Whi3 and Whi4. Whi3 is a dose-dependent modulator of cell size and has been implicated in cell cycle control in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It functions as a negative regulator of ceroid-lipofuscinosis, neuronal 3 (Cln3), a G1 cyclin that promotes transcription of many genes to trigger the G1/S transition in budding yeast. It specifically binds the CLN3 mRNA and localizes it into discrete cytoplasmic loci that may locally restrict Cln3 synthesis to modulate cell cycle progression. Moreover, Whi3 plays a key role in cell fate determination in budding yeast. The RRM domain is essential for Whi3 function. Whi4 is a partially redundant homolog of Whi3, also containing one RRM. Some uncharacterized family members of this subfamily contain two RRMs; their RRM1 shows high sequence homology to the RRM of RNA-binding protein with multiple splicing (RBP-MS)-like proteins.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 365989942 624 PCNTLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFSCQNGFRRLSFRNKntnghghGHGPMCFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQLPratLSSK 703
Cdd:cd12245    1 PCNTLFVANLGPNVSEQELRQLFSRQPGFRRLRMHNK-------GGGPVCFVEFEDVPFATQALNHLQGAILS---SSDR 70

                 ....*....
gi 365989942 704 GGIRLSFSK 712
Cdd:cd12245   71 GGIRIEYAK 79

RNA recognition motif. (a.k.a. RRM, RBD, or RNP domain); The RRM motif is probably diagnostic of an RNA binding protein. RRMs are found in a variety of RNA binding proteins, including various hnRNP proteins, proteins implicated in regulation of alternative splicing, and protein components of snRNPs. The motif also appears in a few single stranded DNA binding proteins. The RRM structure consists of four strands and two helices arranged in an alpha/beta sandwich, with a third helix present during RNA binding in some cases The C-terminal beta strand (4th strand) and final helix are hard to align and have been omitted in the SEED alignment The LA proteins have an N terminal rrm which is included in the seed. There is a second region towards the C terminus that has some features characteriztic of a rrm but does not appear to have the important structural core of a rrm. The LA proteins are one of the main autoantigens in Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 365989942  628 LYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFSCQNGFRRLSFRNKNTnGHGHGHGpmcFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQLPRATL 700
Cdd:pfam00076   1 LFVGNLPPDTTEEDLKDLFSKFGPIKSIRLVRDET-GRSKGFA---FVEFEDEEDAEKAIEALNGKELGGREL 69

RNA recognition motif (RRM) superfamily; RRM, also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), is a highly abundant domain in eukaryotes found in proteins involved in post-transcriptional gene expression processes including mRNA and rRNA processing, RNA export, and RNA stability. This domain is 90 amino acids in length and consists of a four-stranded beta-sheet packed against two alpha-helices. RRM usually interacts with ssRNA, but is also known to interact with ssDNA as well as proteins. RRM binds a variable number of nucleotides, ranging from two to eight. The active site includes three aromatic side-chains located within the conserved RNP1 and RNP2 motifs of the domain. The RRM domain is found in a variety heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), proteins implicated in regulation of alternative splicing, and protein components of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs).

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 365989942 628 LYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFSCQNGFRRLSFRnKNTNGHGHGHGpmcFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQL 695
Cdd:cd00590    1 LFVGNLPPDTTEEDLRELFSKFGEVVSVRIV-RDRDGKSKGFA---FVEFESPEDAEKALEALNGTEL 64

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in tRNA selenocysteine-associated protein 1 (SECp43) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 in tRNA selenocysteine-associated protein 1 (SECp43), yeast negative growth regulatory protein NGR1 (RBP1), yeast protein NAM8, and similar proteins. SECp43 is an RNA-binding protein associated specifically with eukaryotic selenocysteine tRNA [tRNA(Sec)]. It may play an adaptor role in the mechanism of selenocysteine insertion. SECp43 is located primarily in the nucleus and contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal polar/acidic region. Yeast proteins, NGR1 and NAM8, show high sequence similarity with SECp43. NGR1 is a putative glucose-repressible protein that binds both RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). It may function in regulating cell growth in early log phase, possibly through its participation in RNA metabolism. NGR1 contains three RRMs, two of which are followed by a glutamine-rich stretch that may be involved in transcriptional activity. In addition, NGR1 has an asparagine-rich region near the C-terminus which also harbors a methionine-rich region. NAM8 is a putative RNA-binding protein that acts as a suppressor of mitochondrial splicing deficiencies when overexpressed in yeast. It may be a non-essential component of the mitochondrial splicing machinery. NAM8 also contains three RRMs.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 365989942 627 TLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFScQNGFRRLS---FRNKNTnGHGHGHgpmCFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQLPratlSSK 703
Cdd:cd12344    1 TLWMGDLEPWMDEAYISSCFA-KTGEEVVSvkiIRNKQT-GKSAGY---CFVEFATQEAAEQALEHLNGKPIP----NTQ 71

                         90
                 ....*....|.
gi 365989942 704 GGIRLSFSKNP 714
Cdd:cd12344   72 QRFRLNWASFS 82

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in Nicotiana sylvestris chloroplastic 33 kDa ribonucleoprotein (NsCP33) and similar proteins; The family includes NsCP33, Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplastic 31 kDa ribonucleoprotein (CP31A) and mitochondrial glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 2 (AtGR-RBP2). NsCP33 may be involved in splicing and/or processing of chloroplast RNA's. AtCP31A, also called RNA-binding protein 1/2/3 (AtRBP33), or RNA-binding protein CP31A, or RNA-binding protein RNP-T, or RNA-binding protein cp31, is required for specific RNA editing events in chloroplasts and stabilizes specific chloroplast mRNAs, as well as for normal chloroplast development under cold stress conditions by stabilizing transcripts of numerous mRNAs under these conditions. CP31A may modulate telomere replication through RNA binding domains. AtGR-RBP2, also called AtRBG2, or glycine-rich protein 2 (AtGRP2), or mitochondrial RNA-binding protein 1a (At-mRBP1a), plays a role in RNA transcription or processing during stress. It binds RNAs and DNAs sequence with a preference to single-stranded nucleic acids. AtGR-RBP2 displays strong affinity to poly(U) sequence. It exerts cold and freezing tolerance, probably by exhibiting an RNA chaperone activity during the cold and freezing adaptation process. Some members in this family contain two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the second RRM motif.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 365989942 627 TLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFSCQNGFRRLSFRNKNTNGHGHGHGpmcFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQL 695
Cdd:cd21608    1 KLYVGNLSWDTTEDDLRDLFSEFGEVESAKVITDRETGRSRGFG---FVTFSTAEAAEAAIDALNGKEL 66

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in granule-associated RNA binding proteins p40-TIA-1 and TIAR; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of nucleolysin TIA-1 isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1 or TIA-1) and nucleolysin TIA-1-related protein (TIAR), both of which are granule-associated RNA binding proteins involved in inducing apoptosis in cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. TIA-1 and TIAR share high sequence similarity. They are expressed in a wide variety of cell types. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a serine/threonine kinase that is activated during Fas-mediated apoptosis.TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. Both, TIA-1 and TIAR, bind specifically to poly(A) but not to poly(C) homopolymers. They are composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 and TIAR interact with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and their RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs. The C-terminal auxiliary domain may be responsible for interacting with other proteins. In addition, TIA-1 and TIAR share a potential serine protease-cleavage site (Phe-Val-Arg) localized at the junction between their RNA binding domains and their C-terminal auxiliary domains.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 365989942 628 LYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFS----CQNgfrrlsfrNKNTNGHGhGHGPMCFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQL 695
Cdd:cd12352    1 LYVGNLDRQVTEDLILQLFSqigpCKS--------CKMITEHG-GNDPYCFVEFYEHNHAAAALQAMNGRKI 63

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in the U1A/U2B"/SNF protein family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of U1A/U2B"/SNF protein family, containing Drosophila sex determination protein SNF and its two mammalian counterparts, U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein A (U1 snRNP A or U1-A or U1A) and U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein B" (U2 snRNP B" or U2B"), all of which consist of two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) connected by a variable, flexible linker. SNF is an RNA-binding protein found in the U1 and U2 snRNPs of Drosophila where it is essential in sex determination and possesses a novel dual RNA binding specificity. SNF binds with high affinity to both Drosophila U1 snRNA stem-loop II (SLII) and U2 snRNA stem-loop IV (SLIV). It can also bind to poly(U) RNA tracts flanking the alternatively spliced Sex-lethal (Sxl) exon, as does Drosophila Sex-lethal protein (SXL). U1A is an RNA-binding protein associated with the U1 snRNP, a small RNA-protein complex involved in pre-mRNA splicing. U1A binds with high affinity and specificity to stem-loop II (SLII) of U1 snRNA. It is predominantly a nuclear protein that shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm independently of interactions with U1 snRNA. Moreover, U1A may be involved in RNA 3'-end processing, specifically cleavage, splicing and polyadenylation, through interacting with a large number of non-snRNP proteins. U2B", initially identified to bind to stem-loop IV (SLIV) at the 3' end of U2 snRNA, is a unique protein that comprises of the U2 snRNP. Additional research indicates U2B" binds to U1 snRNA stem-loop II (SLII) as well and shows no preference for SLIV or SLII on the basis of binding affinity. U2B" does not require an auxiliary protein for binding to RNA and its nuclear transport is independent on U2 snRNA binding.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 365989942 624 PCNTLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFSCQNGF---RRLSFRNkntnghghghgpMCFVEFEDINFATQALGELYG 692
Cdd:cd12247    1 PNKILFLQNLPEETTKEMLEMLFNQFPGFkevRLVPRRG------------IAFVEFETEEQATVALQALQG 60

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 in three serine/arginine (SR) proteins: serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1 or ASF-1), serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 9 (SRSF9 or SRp30C), and plant pre-mRNA-splicing factor SF2 (SR1). SRSF1 is a shuttling SR protein involved in constitutive and alternative splicing, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), mRNA export and translation. It also functions as a splicing-factor oncoprotein that regulates apoptosis and proliferation to promote mammary epithelial cell transformation. SRSF9 has been implicated in the activity of many elements that control splice site selection, the alternative splicing of the glucocorticoid receptor beta in neutrophils and in the gonadotropin-releasing hormone pre-mRNA. It can also interact with other proteins implicated in alternative splicing, including YB-1, rSLM-1, rSLM-2, E4-ORF4, Nop30, and p32. Both, SRSF1 and SRSF9, contain two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal RS domains rich in serine-arginine dipeptides. In contrast, SF2 contains two N-terminal RRMs and a C-terminal PSK domain rich in proline, serine and lysine residues.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 365989942 627 TLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFSCQNGFRRLSFRNkntnghGHGHGPMCFVEFED 679
Cdd:cd12338    1 RIYVGNLPGDIRERDIEDLFYKYGPILAIDLKN------RRRGPPFAFVEFED 47

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast nucleolar protein 13 (Nop13p) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of Nop13p encoded by YNL175c from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It shares high sequence similarity with nucleolar protein 12 (Nop12p). Both Nop12p and Nop13p are not essential for growth. However, unlike Nop12p that is localized to the nucleolus, Nop13p localizes primarily to the nucleolus but is also present in the nucleoplasm to a lesser extent. Nop13p contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 365989942 628 LYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFSCQNGFRRLSFRNKNTNGHGHGHGpmcFVEFEDINFATQAL 687
Cdd:cd12397    1 LFVGNLSFETTEEDLRKHFAPAGKIRKVRMATFEDSGKCKGFA---FVDFKEIESATNAV 57

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in eukaryotic RNA-binding protein 18 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RBM18, a putative RNA-binding protein containing a well-conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). The biological role of RBM18 remains unclear.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 365989942 628 LYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFSCQNGFRRLSFRNKNTNGHGHGHGPMCFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQL 695
Cdd:cd12355    2 LWIGNLDPRLTEYHLLKLLSKYGKIKKFDFLFHKTGPLKGQPRGYCFVTFETKEEAEKAIECLNGKLA 69

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in RNA-binding protein with multiple splicing (RBP-MS)-like proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RNA-binding proteins with multiple splicing (RBP-MS)-like proteins, including protein products of RBPMS genes (RBP-MS and its paralogue RBP-MS2), the Drosophila couch potato (cpo), and Caenorhabditis elegans Mec-8 genes. RBP-MS may be involved in regulation of mRNA translation and localization during Xenopus laevis development. It has also been shown to physically interact with Smad2, Smad3 and Smad4, and stimulates Smad-mediated transactivation. Cpo may play an important role in regulating normal function of the nervous system, whereas mutations in Mec-8 affect mechanosensory and chemosensory neuronal function. All members contain a well conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). Some uncharacterized family members contain two RRMs; this subfamily includes their RRM1. Their RRM2 shows high sequence homology to the RRM of yeast proteins scw1, Whi3, and Whi4.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 365989942 627 TLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFSCQNGFR--RLSFRNKNTnghghghGPMCFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQLP 696
Cdd:cd12420    2 TLFVSGLPLDVKERELYNLFRPLPGYEasQLKFTGKNT-------QPVGFVTFESRAAAEAAKDALQGMRFD 66

RNA recognition motif 6 (RRM6) found in RNA-binding protein 19 (RBM19 or RBD-1) and RNA recognition motif 5 (RRM5) found in multiple RNA-binding domain-containing protein 1 (MRD1); This subfamily corresponds to the RRM6 of RBM19 and RRM5 of MRD1. RBM19, also termed RNA-binding domain-1 (RBD-1), is a nucleolar protein conserved in eukaryotes. It is involved in ribosome biogenesis by processing rRNA and is essential for preimplantation development. It has a unique domain organization containing 6 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). MRD1 is encoded by a novel yeast gene MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is well-conserved in yeast and its homologs exist in all eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). It is essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2 cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. MRD1 contains 5 conserved RRMs, which may play an important structural role in organizing specific rRNA processing events.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 365989942 626 NTLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFSCQNGFRRLSFRNKNTNGH-GhghgpMCFVEF---EDINFATQALG--ELYGSQL 695
Cdd:cd12320    1 TKLIVKNVPFEATRKEIRELFSPFGQLKSVRLPKKFDGSHrG-----FAFVEFvtkQEAQNAMEALKstHLYGRHL 71

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T-cells 3 (SART3) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of SART3, also termed Tat-interacting protein of 110 kDa (Tip110), an RNA-binding protein expressed in the nucleus of the majority of proliferating cells, including normal cells and malignant cells, but not in normal tissues except for the testes and fetal liver. It is involved in the regulation of mRNA splicing probably via its complex formation with RNA-binding protein with a serine-rich domain (RNPS1), a pre-mRNA-splicing factor. SART3 has also been identified as a nuclear Tat-interacting protein that regulates Tat transactivation activity through direct interaction and functions as an important cellular factor for HIV-1 gene expression and viral replication. In addition, SART3 is required for U6 snRNP targeting to Cajal bodies. It binds specifically and directly to the U6 snRNA, interacts transiently with the U6 and U4/U6 snRNPs, and promotes the reassembly of U4/U6 snRNPs after splicing in vitro. SART3 contains an N-terminal half-a-tetratricopeptide repeat (HAT)-rich domain, a nuclearlocalization signal (NLS) domain, and two C-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 365989942 627 TLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFS-CQN-GFRRLSFRNKntnGHGHGHgpmCFVEFEDINFATQAL 687
Cdd:cd12391    1 TVFVSNLDYSVPEDKIREIFSgCGEiTDVRLVKNYK---GKSKGY---CYVEFKDEESAQKAL 57

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in Helicobacter pylori HP0827 protein and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of H. pylori HP0827, a putative ssDNA-binding protein 12rnp2 precursor, containing one RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). The ssDNA binding may be important in activation of HP0827.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 365989942 628 LYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFS----CQNGFRRLSFRNKNTNGHGhghgpmcFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQL 695
Cdd:cd12399    1 LYVGNLPYSASEEQLKSLFGqfgaVFDVKLPMDRETKRPRGFG-------FVELQEEESAEKAIAKLDGTDF 65

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) and 2 (RRM2) found in RRM-containing coactivator activator/modulator (CoAA) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM in CoAA (also known as RBM14 or PSP2) and RNA-binding protein 4 (RBM4). CoAA is a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)-like protein identified as a nuclear receptor coactivator. It mediates transcriptional coactivation and RNA splicing effects in a promoter-preferential manner, and is enhanced by thyroid hormone receptor-binding protein (TRBP). CoAA contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a TRBP-interacting domain. RBM4 is a ubiquitously expressed splicing factor with two isoforms, RBM4A (also known as Lark homolog) and RBM4B (also known as RBM30), which are very similar in structure and sequence. RBM4 may also function as a translational regulator of stress-associated mRNAs as well as play a role in micro-RNA-mediated gene regulation. RBM4 contains two N-terminal RRMs, a CCHC-type zinc finger, and three alanine-rich regions within their C-terminal regions. This family also includes Drosophila RNA-binding protein lark (Dlark), a homolog of human RBM4. It plays an important role in embryonic development and in the circadian regulation of adult eclosion. Dlark shares high sequence similarity with RBM4 at the N-terminal region. However, Dlark has three proline-rich segments instead of three alanine-rich segments within the C-terminal region.

                         10
                 ....*....|....*....
gi 365989942 628 LYVGNLPPDATENELRQLF 646
Cdd:cd12343    2 IFVGNLPDAATSEELRALF 20

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found found in vertebrate ribonucleoprotein PTB-binding 1 (raver-1); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of raver-1, a ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) that serves as a co-repressor of the nucleoplasmic splicing repressor polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB)-directed splicing of select mRNAs. It shuttles between the cytoplasm and the nucleus and can accumulate in the perinucleolar compartment, a dynamic nuclear substructure that harbors PTB. Raver-1 also modulates focal adhesion assembly by binding to the cytoskeletal proteins, including alpha-actinin, vinculin, and metavinculin (an alternatively spliced isoform of vinculin) at adhesion complexes, particularly in differentiated muscle tissue. Raver-1 contains three N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), two putative nuclear localization signals (NLS) at the N- and C-termini, a central leucine-rich region, and a C-terminal region harboring two PTB-binding [SG][IL]LGxxP motifs. Raver1 binds to PTB through the PTB-binding motifs at its C-terminal half, and binds to other partners, such as RNA having the sequence UCAUGCAGUCUG, through its N-terminal RRMs. Interestingly, the 12-nucleotide RNA having the sequence UCAUGCAGUCUG with micromolar affinity is found in vinculin mRNA. Additional research indicates that the RRM1 of raver-1 directs its interaction with the tail domain of activated vinculin. Then the raver1/vinculin tail (Vt) complex binds to vinculin mRNA, which is permissive for vinculin binding to F-actin.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 365989942 628 LYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFSCQNGFRRLSFRNKNTNGHGHGHGpmcFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQLPRATL 700
Cdd:cd12665    2 LCIANLPPSYTQQQFEELVRPFGNLERCFLVYSETTGHSKGYG---FVEYMKKDSAARAKSDLLGKQLGTRTL 71

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in the VICKZ family proteins; Thid subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of IGF2BPs (or IMPs) found in the VICKZ family that have been implicated in the post-transcriptional regulation of several different RNAs and in subcytoplasmic localization of mRNAs during embryogenesis. IGF2BPs are composed of two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and four hnRNP K homology (KH) domains.

                         10
                 ....*....|....*....
gi 365989942 628 LYVGNLPPDATENELRQLF 646
Cdd:cd12358    1 LYIGNLSSDVNESDLRQLF 19

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in nucleolysin TIA-1 isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of TIA-1, the 40-kDa isoform of T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1) and a cytotoxic granule-associated RNA-binding protein mainly found in the granules of cytotoxic lymphocytes. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a serine/threonine kinase that is activated during Fas-mediated apoptosis, and functions as the granule component responsible for inducing apoptosis in cytolytic lymphocyte (CTL) targets. It is composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 interacts with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and its RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 365989942 627 TLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFScQNGfrrlSFRNKNTNGHGHGHGPMCFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQL 695
Cdd:cd12615    1 TLYVGNLSRDVTEALILQLFS-QIG----PCKNCKMIMDTAGNDPYCFVEFHEHRHAAAALAAMNGRKI 64

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of two serine/arginine (SR) proteins, serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) and serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 7 (SRSF7). SRSF3, also termed pre-mRNA-splicing factor SRp20, modulates alternative splicing by interacting with RNA cis-elements in a concentration- and cell differentiation-dependent manner. It is also involved in termination of transcription, alternative RNA polyadenylation, RNA export, and protein translation. SRSF3 is critical for cell proliferation, and tumor induction and maintenance. It can shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm. SRSF7, also termed splicing factor 9G8, plays a crucial role in both constitutive splicing and alternative splicing of many pre-mRNAs. Its localization and functions are tightly regulated by phosphorylation. SRSF7 is predominantly present in the nuclear and can shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm. It cooperates with the export protein, Tap/NXF1, helps mRNA export to the cytoplasm, and enhances the expression of unspliced mRNA. Moreover, SRSF7 inhibits tau E10 inclusion through directly interacting with the proximal downstream intron of E10, a clustering region for frontotemporal dementia with Parkinsonism (FTDP) mutations. Both SRSF3 and SRSF7 contain a single N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a C-terminal RS domain rich in serine-arginine dipeptides. The RRM domain is involved in RNA binding, and the RS domain has been implicated in protein shuttling and protein-protein interactions.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 365989942 628 LYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFScqnGFRRLsfRN----KNTNGHGhghgpmcFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQLpratlsSK 703
Cdd:cd12373    2 VYVGNLGPRVTKRELEDAFE---KYGPL--RNvwvaRNPPGFA-------FVEFEDPRDAEDAVRALDGRRI------CG 63

                         90
                 ....*....|
gi 365989942 704 GGIRLSFSKN 713
Cdd:cd12373   64 SRVRVELSRG 73

RNA recognition motif in type II polyadenylate-binding proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of type II polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs), including polyadenylate-binding protein 2 (PABP-2 or PABPN1), embryonic polyadenylate-binding protein 2 (ePABP-2 or PABPN1L) and similar proteins. PABPs are highly conserved proteins that bind to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in the regulation of poly(A) tail length during the polyadenylation reaction, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization by influencing the rate of deadenylation and inhibition of mRNA decapping. ePABP-2 is predominantly located in the cytoplasm and PABP-2 is located in the nucleus. In contrast to the type I PABPs containing four copies of RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), the type II PABPs contains a single highly-conserved RRM. This subfamily also includes Saccharomyces cerevisiae RBP29 (SGN1, YIR001C) gene encoding cytoplasmic mRNA-binding protein Rbp29 that binds preferentially to poly(A). Although not essential for cell viability, Rbp29 plays a role in modulating the expression of cytoplasmic mRNA. Like other type II PABPs, Rbp29 contains one RRM only.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 365989942 629 YVGNLPPDATENELRQLF-SCQNGFRRLSFRNKNTnGHGHGHgpmCFVEFEDINFATQAL----GELYGSQL 695
Cdd:cd12306    3 YVGNVDYGTTPEELQAHFkSCGTINRVTILCDKFT-GQPKGF---AYIEFVDKSSVENALllneSEFRGRQI 70

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in cleavage stimulation factor subunit 2 (CSTF2), cleavage stimulation factor subunit 2 tau variant (CSTF2T) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM domain of CSTF2, its tau variant and eukaryotic homologs. CSTF2, also termed cleavage stimulation factor 64 kDa subunit (CstF64), is the vertebrate conterpart of yeast mRNA 3'-end-processing protein RNA15. It is expressed in all somatic tissues and is one of three cleavage stimulatory factor (CstF) subunits required for polyadenylation. CstF64 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a CstF77-binding domain, a repeated MEARA helical region and a conserved C-terminal domain reported to bind the transcription factor PC-4. During polyadenylation, CstF interacts with the pre-mRNA through the RRM of CstF64 at U- or GU-rich sequences within 10 to 30 nucleotides downstream of the cleavage site. CSTF2T, also termed tauCstF64, is a paralog of the X-linked cleavage stimulation factor CstF64 protein that supports polyadenylation in most somatic cells. It is expressed during meiosis and subsequent haploid differentiation in a more limited set of tissues and cell types, largely in meiotic and postmeiotic male germ cells, and to a lesser extent in brain. The loss of CSTF2T will cause male infertility, as it is necessary for spermatogenesis and fertilization. Moreover, CSTF2T is required for expression of genes involved in morphological differentiation of spermatids, as well as for genes having products that function during interaction of motile spermatozoa with eggs. It promotes germ cell-specific patterns of polyadenylation by using its RRM to bind to different sequence elements downstream of polyadenylation sites than does CstF64.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 365989942 627 TLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFSCQNGFrrLSFR---NKNTnGHGHGHGpmcFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQLPRATL 700
Cdd:cd12671    8 SVFVGNIPYEATEEQLKDIFSEVGPV--VSFRlvyDRET-GKPKGYG---FCEYQDQETALSAMRNLNGYELNGRAL 78

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in yeast nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of Nop4p (also known as Nop77p), encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 365989942 626 NTLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFScqnGFRRLSF----RNKNTnGHGHGHGPMCFVEFEDINFATQAlgelyGSQLPRATLS 701
Cdd:cd12676    2 RTLFVRNLPFDATEDELYSHFS---QFGPLKYarvvKDPAT-GRSKGTAFVKFKNKEDADNCLSA-----APEAQSTSLL 72

                 ..
gi 365989942 702 SK 703
Cdd:cd12676   73 EK 74

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in U2 large nuclear ribonucleoprotein auxiliary factor U2AF 65 kDa subunit (U2AF65) and similar proteins; The subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of U2AF65 and dU2AF50. U2AF65, also termed U2AF2, is the large subunit of U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) auxiliary factor (U2AF), which has been implicated in the recruitment of U2 snRNP to pre-mRNAs and is a highly conserved heterodimer composed of large and small subunits. U2AF65 specifically recognizes the intron polypyrimidine tract upstream of the 3' splice site and promotes binding of U2 snRNP to the pre-mRNA branchpoint. U2AF65 also plays an important role in the nuclear export of mRNA. It facilitates the formation of a messenger ribonucleoprotein export complex, containing both the NXF1 receptor and the RNA substrate. Moreover, U2AF65 interacts directly and specifically with expanded CAG RNA, and serves as an adaptor to link expanded CAG RNA to NXF1 for RNA export. U2AF65 contains an N-terminal RS domain rich in arginine and serine, followed by a proline-rich segment and three C-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The N-terminal RS domain stabilizes the interaction of U2 snRNP with the branch point (BP) by contacting the branch region, and further promotes base pair interactions between U2 snRNA and the BP. The proline-rich segment mediates protein-protein interactions with the RRM domain of the small U2AF subunit (U2AF35 or U2AF1). The RRM1 and RRM2 are sufficient for specific RNA binding, while RRM3 is responsible for protein-protein interactions. The family also includes Splicing factor U2AF 50 kDa subunit (dU2AF50), the Drosophila ortholog of U2AF65. dU2AF50 functions as an essential pre-mRNA splicing factor in flies. It associates with intronless mRNAs and plays a significant and unexpected role in the nuclear export of a large number of intronless mRNAs.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 365989942 628 LYVGNLPPDATENELrqlfscQNGFRRLSFRNKNTNGHGH--------GHGPMCFVEFEDINFATQAL 687
Cdd:cd12230    4 LYVGNIPPGITEEEL------MDFFNQAMRAAGLTQAPGNpvlavqinPDKNFAFVEFRSVEETTAAL 65

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in RNA-binding protein 28 (RBM28) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of RBM28 and Nop4p. RBM28 is a specific nucleolar component of the spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), possibly coordinating their transition through the nucleolus. It specifically associates with U1, U2, U4, U5, and U6 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and may play a role in the maturation of both small nuclear and ribosomal RNAs. RBM28 has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an extremely acidic region between RRM2 and RRM3. The family also includes nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p or Nop77p) encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p also contains four RRMs.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 365989942 627 TLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFScQNGFRRLSF--RNKNTNGH-GHGhgpmcFVEF---EDinfATQALGELYGSQL 695
Cdd:cd12413    1 TLFVRNLPYDTTDEQLEELFS-DVGPVKRCFvvKDKGKDKCrGFG-----YVTFalaED---AQRALEEVKGKKF 66

deviant RNA recognition motif (dRRM) in yeast ribosomal RNA-processing protein 7 (Rrp7p) and similar proteins; Rrp7p is encoded by YCL031C gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential yeast protein involved in pre-rRNA processing and ribosome assembly, and is speculated to be required for correct assembly of rpS27 into the pre-ribosomal particle. Rrp7p contains a deviant RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a RRP7 domain. The classic RRM fold has a topology of beta1-alpha1-beta2-beta3-alpha2-beta4 with juxtaposed N- and C-termini. By contrast, the N-terminal region of Rrp7 displays a cyclic permutation of RRM topology: the strand equivalent to RRM beta4 is shuffled to the N-terminus of the strand equivalent to RRM beta1. Moreover, Rrp7 has an extra strand beta1, which, together with other four beta-strands, forms an antiparallel five-stranded beta-sheet.

                         10        20        30
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 365989942 615 PVNPADQNPPCNTLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFS 647
Cdd:cd12293   34 SKNPAETLPASRTLFLVNLPVDSTERHLRKLFG 66

RNA recognition motif 2 in fungal pre-messenger RNA splicing protein 24 (Prp24) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of Prp24, also termed U4/U6 snRNA-associated-splicing factor PRP24 (U4/U6 snRNP), an RNA-binding protein with four well conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). It facilitates U6 RNA base-pairing with U4 RNA during spliceosome assembly. Prp24 specifically binds free U6 RNA primarily with RRMs 1 and 2 and facilitates pairing of U6 RNA bases with U4 RNA bases. Additionally, it may also be involved in dissociation of the U4/U6 complex during spliceosome activation.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 365989942 627 TLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFS-CQNGFR-RLSFRNKNTnghghgHGPMCFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQLPRATLSSK 703
Cdd:cd12297    2 TLWVTNFPPSYDERSIRDLFGdYGVILSvRLPSLRYNT------SRRFCYIDFTSPESARAAVELLNGLLEEGYTLVVK 74

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in U2 large nuclear ribonucleoprotein auxiliary factor U2AF 65 kDa subunit (U2AF65) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of U2AF65 and dU2AF50. U2AF65, also termed U2AF2, is the large subunit of U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) auxiliary factor (U2AF), which has been implicated in the recruitment of U2 snRNP to pre-mRNAs and is a highly conserved heterodimer composed of large and small subunits. U2AF65 specifically recognizes the intron polypyrimidine tract upstream of the 3' splice site and promotes binding of U2 snRNP to the pre-mRNA branchpoint. U2AF65 also plays an important role in the nuclear export of mRNA. It facilitates the formation of a messenger ribonucleoprotein export complex, containing both the NXF1 receptor and the RNA substrate. Moreover, U2AF65 interacts directly and specifically with expanded CAG RNA, and serves as an adaptor to link expanded CAG RNA to NXF1 for RNA export. U2AF65 contains an N-terminal RS domain rich in arginine and serine, followed by a proline-rich segment and three C-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The N-terminal RS domain stabilizes the interaction of U2 snRNP with the branch point (BP) by contacting the branch region, and further promotes base pair interactions between U2 snRNA and the BP. The proline-rich segment mediates protein-protein interactions with the RRM domain of the small U2AF subunit (U2AF35 or U2AF1). The RRM1 and RRM2 are sufficient for specific RNA binding, while RRM3 is responsible for protein-protein interactions. The family also includes Splicing factor U2AF 50 kDa subunit (dU2AF50), the Drosophila ortholog of U2AF65. dU2AF50 functions as an essential pre-mRNA splicing factor in flies. It associates with intronless mRNAs and plays a significant and unexpected role in the nuclear export of a large number of intronless mRNAs.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 365989942 626 NTLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFSCQNGFRRLSF-RNKNTnGHGHGHgpmCFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQL 695
Cdd:cd12231    1 NKLFIGGLPNYLNEDQVKELLQSFGKLKAFNLvKDSAT-GLSKGY---AFCEYVDDNVTDQAIAGLNGMQL 67

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in yeast negative growth regulatory protein NGR1 (RBP1), yeast protein NAM8 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of NGR1 and NAM8. NGR1, also termed RNA-binding protein RBP1, is a putative glucose-repressible protein that binds both RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) in yeast. It may function in regulating cell growth in early log phase, possibly through its participation in RNA metabolism. NGR1 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a glutamine-rich stretch that may be involved in transcriptional activity. In addition, NGR1 has an asparagine-rich region near the carboxyl terminus which also harbors a methionine-rich region. The family also includes protein NAM8, which is a putative RNA-binding protein that acts as a suppressor of mitochondrial splicing deficiencies when overexpressed in yeast. It may be a non-essential component of the mitochondrial splicing machinery. Like NGR1, NAM8 contains two RRMs.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 365989942 627 TLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFScqnGFRRLSFRnKNTNGHGHGhgpmcFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQLPRATlsskggI 706
Cdd:cd12346    3 TVFVGGLDPNVTEEDLRVLFG---PFGEIVYV-KIPPGKGCG-----FVQFVNRASAEAAIQKLQGTPIGGSR------I 67

                 ...
gi 365989942 707 RLS 709
Cdd:cd12346   68 RLS 70

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in HIV Tat-specific factor 1 (Tat-SF1) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of Tat-SF1 and CUS2. Tat-SF1 is the cofactor for stimulation of transcriptional elongation by human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) Tat. It is a substrate of an associated cellular kinase. Tat-SF1 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a highly acidic carboxyl-terminal half. The family also includes CUS2, a yeast homolog of human Tat-SF1. CUS2 interacts with U2 RNA in splicing extracts and functions as a splicing factor that aids assembly of the splicing-competent U2 snRNP in vivo. CUS2 also associates with PRP11 that is a subunit of the conserved splicing factor SF3a. Like Tat-SF1, CUS2 contains two RRMs as well.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 365989942 626 NT-LYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFS--------CQNGFRRLSFRnKNTNGHGHGHGPMCFVEFEDINFATQALGE 689
Cdd:cd12281    1 NTnVYVSGLPLDITVEEFVELFSkcgiimedPETGEPKIKLY-RDENGNLKGDALCCYLKEESVELALQLLDG 72

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe meiotically up-regulated gene 28 protein (Mug28) and similar proteins; Mug28 is a meiosis-specific protein that regulates spore wall formation. Members in this family contain three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the first RRM motif.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 365989942 627 TLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFscqNGFRRLS-----FRNKNTNGHGHGHGPMCFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGS 693
Cdd:cd21620    3 SLYVGNLPQTCQSEDLIILF---EPYGNVCgahiaSRKKVKVSWVKPSKLFAFVEFETKEAATTAIVLLNGI 71

RNA recognition motif in nucleolar protein interacting with the FHA domain of pKI-67 (NIFK) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of NIFK and Nop15p. NIFK, also termed MKI67 FHA domain-interacting nucleolar phosphoprotein, or nucleolar phosphoprotein Nopp34, is a putative RNA-binding protein interacting with the forkhead associated (FHA) domain of pKi-67 antigen in a mitosis-specific and phosphorylation-dependent manner. It is nucleolar in interphase but associates with condensed mitotic chromosomes. This family also includes Saccharomyces cerevisiae YNL110C gene encoding ribosome biogenesis protein 15 (Nop15p), also termed nucleolar protein 15. Both, NIFK and Nop15p, contain an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 365989942 627 TLYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFScQNG--FR-RLSfRNKNTnGHGHGHgpmCFVEFED 679
Cdd:cd12307    1 VVYIGHLPHGFYEPELRKYFS-QFGtvTRlRLS-RSKKT-GKSKGY---AFVEFED 50

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in nuclear cap-binding protein subunit 2 (CBP20) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of CBP20, also termed nuclear cap-binding protein subunit 2 (NCBP2), or cell proliferation-inducing gene 55 protein, or NCBP-interacting protein 1 (NIP1). CBP20 is the small subunit of the nuclear cap binding complex (CBC), which is a conserved eukaryotic heterodimeric protein complex binding to 5'-capped polymerase II transcripts and plays a central role in the maturation of pre-mRNA and uracil-rich small nuclear RNA (U snRNA). CBP20 is most likely responsible for the binding of capped RNA. It contains an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and interacts with the second and third domains of CBP80, the large subunit of CBC.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 365989942 628 LYVGNLPPDATENELRQLFSCQNGFRRLSF---RNKNTnghghghgP--MCFVEFEDINFATQALGELYGSQL 695
Cdd:cd12240    1 LYVGNLSFYTTEEQIYELFSKCGDIKRIIMgldKFKKT--------PcgFCFVEYYSREDAENAVKYLNGTKL 65