PHD finger found in pygopus homolog 1 (PYGO1); PYGO1 is a homolog of Drosophila melanogaster protein pygopus (dPYGO), which is a fundamental Wnt signaling transcriptional component in Drosophila. It functions as a context-dependent beta-catenin coactivator, and binds di- and trimethylated lysine 4 of histone H3 (H3K4me2/3). PYGO1 is essential for the association with Legless (Lgs)/Bcl9 that acts as an adaptor between Pygopus (Pygo) and Arm/beta-catenin. PYGO1 contains a plant homeodomain (PHD) finger, which is important for Lgs/Bcl9 recognition as well as for the regulation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 23396828 341 YPCGICTNEVNDDQDAILCEASCQKWFHRICTGMTETAYGLLTAEASAVWGCDTCMA 397
Cdd:cd15635   1 YPCGICTNEVNDDQDAILCEASCQKWFHRICTGMTETAYGLLTAEASAVWGCDTCMA 57

PHD finger found in pygopus homolog 1 (PYGO1); PYGO1 is a homolog of Drosophila melanogaster protein pygopus (dPYGO), which is a fundamental Wnt signaling transcriptional component in Drosophila. It functions as a context-dependent beta-catenin coactivator, and binds di- and trimethylated lysine 4 of histone H3 (H3K4me2/3). PYGO1 is essential for the association with Legless (Lgs)/Bcl9 that acts as an adaptor between Pygopus (Pygo) and Arm/beta-catenin. PYGO1 contains a plant homeodomain (PHD) finger, which is important for Lgs/Bcl9 recognition as well as for the regulation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 23396828 341 YPCGICTNEVNDDQDAILCEASCQKWFHRICTGMTETAYGLLTAEASAVWGCDTCMA 397
Cdd:cd15635   1 YPCGICTNEVNDDQDAILCEASCQKWFHRICTGMTETAYGLLTAEASAVWGCDTCMA 57

PHD finger found in pygopus homolog 1 (PYGO1); PYGO1 is a homolog of Drosophila melanogaster protein pygopus (dPYGO), which is a fundamental Wnt signaling transcriptional component in Drosophila. It functions as a context-dependent beta-catenin coactivator, and binds di- and trimethylated lysine 4 of histone H3 (H3K4me2/3). PYGO1 is essential for the association with Legless (Lgs)/Bcl9 that acts as an adaptor between Pygopus (Pygo) and Arm/beta-catenin. PYGO1 contains a plant homeodomain (PHD) finger, which is important for Lgs/Bcl9 recognition as well as for the regulation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 23396828 341 YPCGICTNEVNDDQDAILCEASCQKWFHRICTGMTETAYGLLTAEASAVWGCDTCMA 397
Cdd:cd15635   1 YPCGICTNEVNDDQDAILCEASCQKWFHRICTGMTETAYGLLTAEASAVWGCDTCMA 57

PHD finger found in PYGO proteins; The family includes Drosophila melanogaster protein pygopus (dPYGO) and its two homologs, PYGO1 and PYGO2. dPYGO is a fundamental Wnt signaling transcriptional component in Drosophila. PYGO1 is essential for the association with Legless (Lgs)/Bcl9 that acts an adaptor between Pygopus (Pygo) and Arm/beta-catenin. dPYGO and PYGO2 function as context-dependent beta-catenin coactivators, and they bind di- and trimethylated lysine 4 of histone H3 (H3K4me2/3). Moreover, PYGO2 acts as a histone methylation reader, and a chromatin remodeler in a testis-specific and Wnt-unrelated manner. It also mediates chromatin regulation and links Wnt signaling and Notch signaling to suppress the luminal/alveolar differentiation competence of mammary stem and basal cells. PYGO2 also plays a new role in rRNA transcription during cancer cell growth. It regulates mammary tumor initiation and heterogeneity in MMTV-Wnt1 mice. All family members contain a plant homeodomain (PHD) finger.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 23396828 342 PCGICTNEVNDDQDAILCEASCQKWFHRICTGMTETAYGLLTAEASAVWGCDTC 395
Cdd:cd15551   1 PCGICNNEVNDDDDAILCESSCNKWFHRTCTGLTESAYDLLTSEESAEWVCDSC 54

PHD finger found in Transcription factor 19 (TCF-19), Lysine-specific demethylase KDM5A and KDM5B, and other similar proteins; TCF-19 was identified as a putative trans-activating factor with expression beginning at the late G1-S boundary in dividing cells. It functions as a novel islet factor necessary for proliferation and survival in the INS-1 beta cell line. It plays an important role in susceptibility to both Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM); it has been suggested that it may positively impact beta cell mass under conditions of beta cell stress and increased insulin demand. KDM5A was originally identified as a retinoblastoma protein (Rb)-binding partner and its inactivation may be important for Rb to promote differentiation. It is involved in transcription through interaction with TBP, p107, nuclear receptors, Myc, Sin3/HDAC, Mad1, RBP-J, CLOCK, and BMAL1. KDM5B has a restricted expression pattern in the testis, ovary, and transiently in the mammary gland of the pregnant female and has been shown to be upregulated in breast cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer, suggesting a potential role in tumorigenesis. Both KDM5A and KDM5B function as trimethylated histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3) demethylases. This family also includes Caenorhabditis elegans Lysine-specific demethylase 7 homolog (ceKDM7A). ceKDM7A (also termed JmjC domain-containing protein 1.2, PHD finger protein 8 homolog, or PHF8 homolog) is a plant homeodomain (PHD)- and JmjC domain-containing protein that functions as a histone demethylase specific for H3K9me2 and H3K27me2. The binding of the PHD finger to H3K4me3 guides H3K9me2- and H3K27me2-specific demethylation by its catalytic JmjC domain in a trans-histone regulation mechanism. In addition, this family includes plant protein OBERON 1 and OBERON 2, Alfin1-like (AL) proteins, histone acetyltransferases (HATs) HAC, and AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 4 (ARID4).

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 23396828 342 PCGICTNEVNDDQDA-ILCEaSCQKWFHRICTGMTETAYGLLtaeasAVWGCDTC 395
Cdd:cd15517   1 VCGICNLETAAVDELwVQCD-GCDKWFHQFCLGLSNERYADE-----DKFKCPNC 49

Sec24-related protein; Provisional

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 23396828   145 AFNFGPHDNSSFGNPSYNNALSQNVNMPNQHFRQNPAENfsqiPPQNASQVSNPDLAS---NFVPGNNSNFTSPLESN-- 219
Cdd:PTZ00395  378 AWAGGPHSNASYNCAAYSNAAQSNAAQSNAGFSNAGYSN----PGNSNPGYNNAPNSNtpyNNPPNSNTPYSNPPNSNpp 453

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 23396828   220 HSFIPPPNT----FGQAKAPPPKQDFTQGATKNTNQNSSAHPPHLNMDDTVNQSNIELKNVNRNNAVNQENSRSSSTEAT 295
Cdd:PTZ00395  454 YSNLPYSNTpysnAPLSNAPPSSAKDHHSAYHAAYQHRAANQPAANLPTANQPAANNFHGAAGNSVGNPFASRPFGSAPY 533

                         170       180       190       200       210       220
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 23396828   296 NNNPA-----NGTQNKPRQPRGAADACTTEKSNKSSLHPNRHGHSSSDpvypcgicTNEVNDDQDAI 357
Cdd:PTZ00395  534 GGNAAttadpNGIAKREDHPEGGTNRQKYEQSDEESVESSSSENSSEN--------ENEVTDKGEEI 592

PHD finger 3 found in Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2B (KMT2B); KMT2B, also termed trithorax homolog 2 or WW domain-binding protein 7 (WBP-7), is encoded by the gene that was first named myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia 2 (MLL2), a second human homolog of Drosophila trithorax, located on chromosome 19. It belongs to the MLL subfamily of H3K4-specific histone lysine methyltransferases (KMT2) and is vital for normal mammalian embryonic development. KMT2B functions as the catalytic subunit in the MLL2 complex, which contains WDR5, RbBP5, ASH2L and DPY30 as integral core subunits required for the efficient methylation activity of the complex. The MLL2 complex is highly active and specific for histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methylation, which stimulates chromatin transcription in a SAM- and H3K4-dependent manner. Moreover, KMT2B plays a critical role in memory formation through mediating hippocampal H3K4 di- and trimethylation. It is also required for RNA polymerase II association and protection from DNA methylation at the MagohB CpG island promoter. KMT2B contains a CxxC (x for any residue) zinc finger domain, three plant homeodomain (PHD) fingers, an extended PHD (ePHD) finger, Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His, two FY (phenylalanine tyrosine)-rich domains, and a SET (Suppressor of variegation, Enhancer of zeste, Trithorax) domain. This model corresponds to the third PHD finger.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 23396828 343 CGICTN--EVNDDQDAILCEASCQKWFHRICTGMTETAYGLLTA-EASAVWGCDTC 395
Cdd:cd15593   2 CPICLKcyEDNDYESKMMQCAKCDHWVHAKCEGLSDELYEILSSlPDSVVYSCAPC 57