conserved catalytic core domain of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) from the positive-sense single-stranded RNA [(+)ssRNA] viruses and closely related viruses; This family contains the catalytic core domain of RdRp of RNA viruses which belong to Group IV of the Baltimore classification system, and are a group of related viruses that have positive-sense (+), single-stranded (ss) genomes made of ribonucleic acid (RNA). RdRp (also known as RNA replicase) catalyzes the replication of RNA from an RNA template; specifically, it catalyzes the synthesis of the RNA strand complementary to a given RNA template. The Baltimore Classification is divided into 7 classes, 3 of which include RNA viruses: Group IV (+) RNA viruses, Group III double-stranded (ds) RNA viruses, and Group V negative-sense (-) RNA viruses. Baltimore groups of viruses differ with respect to the nature of their genome (i.e., the nucleic acid form that is packaged into virions) and correspond to distinct strategies of genome replication and expression. (+) viral RNA is similar to mRNA and thus can be immediately translated by the host cell. (+)ssRNA viruses can also produce (+) copies of the genome from (-) strands of an intermediate dsRNA genome. This acts as both a transcription and a replication process since the replicated RNA is also mRNA. RdRps belong to the expansive class of polymerases containing so-called palm catalytic domains along with the accessory fingers and thumb domains. All RdRps also have six conserved structural motifs (A-F), located in its majority in the palm subdomain (A-E motifs) and the F motif is located on the finger subdomain. All these motifs have been shown to be implicated in RdRp fidelity such as processes of correct incorporation and reorganization of nucleotides. In addition to Group IV viruses, this model also includes Picobirnaviruses (PBVs), members of the family Picobirnaviridae of dsRNA viruses (Baltimore classification Group III), which are bi-segmented dsRNA viruses. The phylogenetic tree of the RdRps of RNA viruses (realm Riboviria) showed that picobirnaviruses are embedded in the branch of diverse (+)RNA viruses; sometimes they are collectively referred to as the picornavirus supergroup. RdRps of members of the family Permutatetraviridae, a distinct group of RNA viruses that encompass a circular permutation within the RdRp palm domain, are not included in this model.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 222352970 148 GPKVKQWPLSEEKIKALTAICEEMEKEGKISKIGpeNPYNTPVFAIKKKDStKWRKLVDFRELNKRTQDFWEVQLGIPHP 227
Cdd:cd01645    1 PVWIKQWPLTEEKLEALTELVTEQLKEGHIEPST--SPWNTPVFVIKKKSG-KWRLLHDLRAVNAQTQDMGALQPGLPHP 77

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 222352970 228 AGLKKKKSVTVLDVGDAYFSVPLDESFRKYTAFTIPSMNNETPGIRYQYNVLPQGWKGSPAIFQSSMTKILEPFRAKNPE 307
Cdd:cd01645   78 AALPKGWPLIVLDLKDCFFSIPLHPDDRERFAFTVPSINNKGPAKRYQWKVLPQGMKNSPTICQSFVAQALEPFRKQYPD 157

                        170       180       190       200       210
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 222352970 308 IVIYQYMDDLYVGSDLEiMQHRAK*EELREHLLKWGFTTPDKKHQKEPPFLWMGYEL 364
Cdd:cd01645  158 IVIYHYMDDILIASDLE-GQLREIYEELRQTLLRWGLTIPPEKVQKEPPFQYLGYEL 213

Retroviral aspartyl protease; Single domain aspartyl proteases from retroviruses, retrotransposons, and badnaviruses (plant dsDNA viruses). These proteases are generally part of a larger polyprotein; usually pol, more rarely gag. Retroviral proteases appear to be homologous to a single domain of the two-domain eukaryotic aspartyl proteases such as pepsins, cathepsins, and renins (pfam00026).

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 222352970   36 LWQRPLVSIKIGGQIKEALLDTGADDTVLEEINLPGKW----KPKMIGGIGGFIKVRQYDQIPIEICGKKAIGTV--LVG 109
Cdd:pfam00077   1 AEQRPLLTVKIGGKYFTALLDTGADDTVISQNDWPTNWpkqkATTNIQGIGGGINVRQSDQILILIGEDKFRGTVspLIL 80

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|.
gi 222352970  110 PT-PVNIIGRNLLTQLGCTLN 129
Cdd:pfam00077  81 PTcPVNIIGRDLLQQLGGRLT 101

RT_Rtv: Reverse transcriptases (RTs) from retroviruses (Rtvs). RTs catalyze the conversion of single-stranded RNA into double-stranded viral DNA for integration into host chromosomes. Proteins in this subfamily contain long terminal repeats (LTRs) and are multifunctional enzymes with RNA-directed DNA polymerase, DNA directed DNA polymerase, and ribonuclease hybrid (RNase H) activities. The viral RNA genome enters the cytoplasm as part of a nucleoprotein complex, and the process of reverse transcription generates in the cytoplasm forming a linear DNA duplex via an intricate series of steps. This duplex DNA is colinear with its RNA template, but contains terminal duplications known as LTRs that are not present in viral RNA. It has been proposed that two specialized template switches, known as strand-transfer reactions or "jumps", are required to generate the LTRs.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 222352970 148 GPKVKQWPLSEEKIKALTAICEEMEKEGKISKIGpeNPYNTPVFAIKKKDStKWRKLVDFRELNKRTQDFWEVQLGIPHP 227
Cdd:cd01645    1 PVWIKQWPLTEEKLEALTELVTEQLKEGHIEPST--SPWNTPVFVIKKKSG-KWRLLHDLRAVNAQTQDMGALQPGLPHP 77

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 222352970 228 AGLKKKKSVTVLDVGDAYFSVPLDESFRKYTAFTIPSMNNETPGIRYQYNVLPQGWKGSPAIFQSSMTKILEPFRAKNPE 307
Cdd:cd01645   78 AALPKGWPLIVLDLKDCFFSIPLHPDDRERFAFTVPSINNKGPAKRYQWKVLPQGMKNSPTICQSFVAQALEPFRKQYPD 157

                        170       180       190       200       210
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 222352970 308 IVIYQYMDDLYVGSDLEiMQHRAK*EELREHLLKWGFTTPDKKHQKEPPFLWMGYEL 364
Cdd:cd01645  158 IVIYHYMDDILIASDLE-GQLREIYEELRQTLLRWGLTIPPEKVQKEPPFQYLGYEL 213

Reverse transcriptase connection domain; This domain is known as the connection domain. This domain lies between the thumb and palm domains.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 222352970  448 YYDPSKDLIAEIQKQGNDQWTYQIYQEPFKNLKTGKYAKMRTAHTNDIKQLTEAVQKIALESIVIWGKTPKFRLPIQKEV 527
Cdd:pfam06815   1 YYDPSKDLIAEIQKQGQGQWTYQIYQEPFKNLKTGKYARMRGAHTNDVKQLTEAVQKITTESIVIWGKTPKFKLPIQKET 80

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|..
gi 222352970  528 WETWWTDYWQATWIPDWEFVNT 549
Cdd:pfam06815  81 WETWWTEYWQATWIPEWEFVNT 102

Retropepsins, pepsin-like aspartate proteases; This is a subfamily of retropepsins. The family includes pepsin-like aspartate proteases from retroviruses, retrotransposons and retroelements. While fungal and mammalian pepsins are bilobal proteins with structurally related N- and C-termini, retropepsins are half as long as their fungal and mammalian counterparts. The monomers are structurally related to one lobe of the pepsin molecule and retropepsins function as homodimers. The active site aspartate occurs within a motif (Asp-Thr/Ser-Gly), as it does in pepsin. Retroviral aspartyl protease is synthesized as part of the POL polyprotein that contains an aspartyl protease, a reverse transcriptase, RNase H, and an integrase. The POL polyprotein undergoes specific enzymatic cleavage to yield the mature proteins. In aspartate peptidases, Asp residues are ligands of an activated water molecule in all examples where catalytic residues have been identified. This group of aspartate peptidases is classified by MEROPS as the peptidase family A2 (retropepsin family, clan AA), subfamily A2A.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 222352970  42 VSIKIGGQIKEALLDTGADDTVLEEINLPGKW----KPKMIGGIGGFIKVRQYDQIPIEICGKKAIGTVLVGP--TPVNI 115
Cdd:cd05482    1 LTLYINGKLFEGLLDTGADVSIIAENDWPKNWpiqpAPSNLTGIGGAITPSQSSVLLLEIDGEGHLGTILVYVlsLPVNL 80

                 ....*..
gi 222352970 116 IGRNLLT 122
Cdd:cd05482   81 WGRDILS 87

RT_Rtv: Reverse transcriptases (RTs) from retroviruses (Rtvs). RTs catalyze the conversion of single-stranded RNA into double-stranded viral DNA for integration into host chromosomes. Proteins in this subfamily contain long terminal repeats (LTRs) and are multifunctional enzymes with RNA-directed DNA polymerase, DNA directed DNA polymerase, and ribonuclease hybrid (RNase H) activities. The viral RNA genome enters the cytoplasm as part of a nucleoprotein complex, and the process of reverse transcription generates in the cytoplasm forming a linear DNA duplex via an intricate series of steps. This duplex DNA is colinear with its RNA template, but contains terminal duplications known as LTRs that are not present in viral RNA. It has been proposed that two specialized template switches, known as strand-transfer reactions or "jumps", are required to generate the LTRs.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 222352970 148 GPKVKQWPLSEEKIKALTAICEEMEKEGKISKIGpeNPYNTPVFAIKKKDStKWRKLVDFRELNKRTQDFWEVQLGIPHP 227
Cdd:cd01645    1 PVWIKQWPLTEEKLEALTELVTEQLKEGHIEPST--SPWNTPVFVIKKKSG-KWRLLHDLRAVNAQTQDMGALQPGLPHP 77

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 222352970 228 AGLKKKKSVTVLDVGDAYFSVPLDESFRKYTAFTIPSMNNETPGIRYQYNVLPQGWKGSPAIFQSSMTKILEPFRAKNPE 307
Cdd:cd01645   78 AALPKGWPLIVLDLKDCFFSIPLHPDDRERFAFTVPSINNKGPAKRYQWKVLPQGMKNSPTICQSFVAQALEPFRKQYPD 157

                        170       180       190       200       210
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 222352970 308 IVIYQYMDDLYVGSDLEiMQHRAK*EELREHLLKWGFTTPDKKHQKEPPFLWMGYEL 364
Cdd:cd01645  158 IVIYHYMDDILIASDLE-GQLREIYEELRQTLLRWGLTIPPEKVQKEPPFQYLGYEL 213

Reverse transcriptase connection domain; This domain is known as the connection domain. This domain lies between the thumb and palm domains.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 222352970  448 YYDPSKDLIAEIQKQGNDQWTYQIYQEPFKNLKTGKYAKMRTAHTNDIKQLTEAVQKIALESIVIWGKTPKFRLPIQKEV 527
Cdd:pfam06815   1 YYDPSKDLIAEIQKQGQGQWTYQIYQEPFKNLKTGKYARMRGAHTNDVKQLTEAVQKITTESIVIWGKTPKFKLPIQKET 80

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|..
gi 222352970  528 WETWWTDYWQATWIPDWEFVNT 549
Cdd:pfam06815  81 WETWWTEYWQATWIPEWEFVNT 102

RT_ZFREV_like: A subfamily of reverse transcriptases (RTs) found in sequences similar to the intact endogenous retrovirus ZFERV from zebrafish and to Moloney murine leukemia virus RT. An RT gene is usually indicative of a mobile element such as a retrotransposon or retrovirus. RTs occur in a variety of mobile elements, including retrotransposons, retroviruses, group II introns, bacterial msDNAs, hepadnaviruses, and caulimoviruses. These elements can be divided into two major groups. One group contains retroviruses and DNA viruses whose propagation involves an RNA intermediate. They are grouped together with transposable elements containing long terminal repeats (LTRs). The other group, also called poly(A)-type retrotransposons, contain fungal mitochondrial introns and transposable elements that lack LTRs. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that ZFERV belongs to a distinct group of retroviruses.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 222352970 149 PKVKQWPLSEEKIKALTAICEEMEKEGKIskIGPENPYNTPVFAIKKKDSTKWRKLVDFRELNKRTQDfweVQLGIPHPA 228
Cdd:cd03715    2 VNQKQYPLPREAREGITPHIQELLEAGIL--VPCQSPWNTPILPVKKPGGNDYRMVQDLRLVNQAVLP---IHPAVPNPY 76

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 222352970 229 GL-----KKKKSVTVLDVGDAYFSVPLDESFRKYTAFTIPsmnnetpGIRYQYNVLPQGWKGSPAIFQSSMTKILEPFRA 303
Cdd:cd03715   77 TLlsllpPKHQWYTVLDLANAFFSLPLAPDSQPLFAFEWE-------GQQYTFTRLPQGFKNSPTLFHEALARDLAPFPL 149

                        170       180       190       200
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 222352970 304 KNPEIVIYQYMDDLYVGSDLEIMQHRAK*EELReHLLKWGFTTPDKKHQ 352
Cdd:cd03715  150 EHEGTILLQYVDDLLLAADSEEDCLKGTDALLT-HLGELGYKVSPKKAQ 197

Retropepsins, pepsin-like aspartate proteases; This is a subfamily of retropepsins. The family includes pepsin-like aspartate proteases from retroviruses, retrotransposons and retroelements. While fungal and mammalian pepsins are bilobal proteins with structurally related N- and C-termini, retropepsins are half as long as their fungal and mammalian counterparts. The monomers are structurally related to one lobe of the pepsin molecule and retropepsins function as homodimers. The active site aspartate occurs within a motif (Asp-Thr/Ser-Gly), as it does in pepsin. Retroviral aspartyl protease is synthesized as part of the POL polyprotein that contains an aspartyl protease, a reverse transcriptase, RNase H, and an integrase. The POL polyprotein undergoes specific enzymatic cleavage to yield the mature proteins. In aspartate peptidases, Asp residues are ligands of an activated water molecule in all examples where catalytic residues have been identified. This group of aspartate peptidases is classified by MEROPS as the peptidase family A2 (retropepsin family, clan AA), subfamily A2A.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 222352970  42 VSIKIGGQIKEALLDTGADDTVLEEINLPGKW----KPKMIGGIGGFIKVRQYDQIPIEICGKKAIGTVLVGP--TPVNI 115
Cdd:cd05482    1 LTLYINGKLFEGLLDTGADVSIIAENDWPKNWpiqpAPSNLTGIGGAITPSQSSVLLLEIDGEGHLGTILVYVlsLPVNL 80

                 ....*..
gi 222352970 116 IGRNLLT 122
Cdd:cd05482   81 WGRDILS 87

RT_like: Reverse transcriptase (RT, RNA-dependent DNA polymerase)_like family. An RT gene is usually indicative of a mobile element such as a retrotransposon or retrovirus. RTs occur in a variety of mobile elements, including retrotransposons, retroviruses, group II introns, bacterial msDNAs, hepadnaviruses, and caulimoviruses. These elements can be divided into two major groups. One group contains retroviruses and DNA viruses whose propagation involves an RNA intermediate. They are grouped together with transposable elements containing long terminal repeats (LTRs). The other group, also called poly(A)-type retrotransposons, contain fungal mitochondrial introns and transposable elements that lack LTRs.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 222352970 279 LPQGWKGSPAIFQSSMTKILEPFRAKNPEIVIYQYMDDLYVGSDLEimQHRAK*EELREHLLKWGFTTPDKKHQ---KEP 355
Cdd:cd00304   12 LPQGSPLSPALANLYMEKLEAPILKQLLDITLIRYVDDLVVIAKSE--QQAVKKRELEEFLARLGLNLSDEKTQfteKEK 89

                 ....*....
gi 222352970 356 PFLWMGYEL 364
Cdd:cd00304   90 KFKFLGILV 98

Retropepsin of the RTVL_H family of human endogenous retrovirus-like elements; This family includes aspartate proteases from retroelements with LTR (long terminal repeats) including the RTVL_H family of human endogenous retrovirus-like elements. While fungal and mammalian pepsins are bilobal proteins with structurally related N- and C-termini, retropepsins are half as long as their fungal and mammalian counterparts. The monomers are structurally related to one lobe of the pepsin molecule and retropepsins function as homodimers. The active site aspartate occurs within a motif (Asp-Thr/Ser-Gly), as it does in pepsin. Retroviral aspartyl protease is synthesized as part of the POL polyprotein that contains an aspartyl protease, a reverse transcriptase, RNase H, and an integrase. The POL polyprotein undergoes specific enzymatic cleavage to yield the mature proteins. In aspartate peptidases, Asp residues are ligands of an activated water molecule in all examples where catalytic residues have been identified. This group of aspartate peptidases is classified by MEROPS as the peptidase family A2 (retropepsin family, clan AA), subfamily A2A.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 222352970  42 VSIKIGGQIKEALLDTGADDTVLEEiNLPGKWKPKM----IGGIGGFIKVRQydQIPIEIC---GKKAIGTVLVGPT-PV 113
Cdd:cd06095    1 VTITVEGVPIVFLVDTGATHSVLKS-DLGPKQELSTtsvlIRGVSGQSQQPV--TTYRTLVdlgGHTVSHSFLVVPNcPD 77

                 ....*....
gi 222352970 114 NIIGRNLLT 122
Cdd:cd06095   78 PLLGRDLLS 86