alkaline phosphatases and sulfatases; This family includes alkaline phosphatases and sulfatases. Alkaline phosphatases are non-specific phosphomonoesterases that catalyze the hydrolysis reaction via a phosphoseryl intermediate to produce inorganic phosphate and the corresponding alcohol, optimally at high pH. Alkaline phosphatase exists as a dimer, each monomer binding 2 zinc atoms and one magnesium atom, which are essential for enzymatic activity. Sulfatases catalyze the hydrolysis of sulfate esters from wide range of substrates, including steroids, carbohydrates and proteins. Sulfate esters may be formed from various alcohols and amines. The biological roles of sulfatase includes the cycling of sulfur in the environment, in the degradation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and glycolipids in the lysosome, and in remodeling sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular space. Both alkaline phosphatase and sulfatase are essential for human metabolism. Deficiency of individual enzyme cause genetic diseases.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1859044113   1 MGWGDLGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYSANPLCSP 41
Cdd:cd16157    12 MGWGDLGVFGEPSRETPNLDRMAAEGMLFTDFYSANPLCSP 52

galactosamine-6-sulfatase; also known as N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS); Lysosomal galactosamine-6-sulfatase removes sulfate groups from a terminal N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate (or galactose-6-sulfate) in mucopolysaccharides such as keratan sulfate and chondroitin-6-sulfate. Defects in GALNS lead to accumulation of substrates, resulting in the development of the lysosomal storage disease mucopolysaccharidosis IV A.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1859044113   1 MGWGDLGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYSANPLCSP 41
Cdd:cd16157    12 MGWGDLGVFGEPSRETPNLDRMAAEGMLFTDFYSANPLCSP 52

Sulfatase;

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1859044113   1 MGWGDLGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYSANPLCSP 41
Cdd:pfam00884  11 LRAPDLGLYGYPRPTTPFLDRLAEEGLLFSNFYSGGTLTAP 51

galactosamine-6-sulfatase; also known as N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS); Lysosomal galactosamine-6-sulfatase removes sulfate groups from a terminal N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate (or galactose-6-sulfate) in mucopolysaccharides such as keratan sulfate and chondroitin-6-sulfate. Defects in GALNS lead to accumulation of substrates, resulting in the development of the lysosomal storage disease mucopolysaccharidosis IV A.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1859044113   1 MGWGDLGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYSANPLCSP 41
Cdd:cd16157    12 MGWGDLGVFGEPSRETPNLDRMAAEGMLFTDFYSANPLCSP 52

Arylsulfatase A or related enzyme, AlkP superfamily [Inorganic ion transport and metabolism];

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1859044113   1 MGWGDLGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYSANPLCSP 41
Cdd:COG3119    34 LGYGDLGCYGNPLIKTPNIDRLAAEGVRFTNAYVTSPVCSP 74

uncharacterized arylsulfatase subfamily; Sulfatases catalyze the hydrolysis of sulfate esters from wide range of substrates, including steroids, carbohydrates and proteins. Sulfate esters may be formed from various alcohols and amines. The biological roles of sulfatase includes the cycling of sulfur in the environment, in the degradation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and glycolipids in the lysosome, and in remodeling sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular space. The sulfatases are essential for human metabolism. At least eight human monogenic diseases are caused by the deficiency of individual sulfatases.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1859044113   1 MGWGDLGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYSANPLCSP 41
Cdd:cd16144    11 LGWADLGCYGSKFYETPNIDRLAKEGMRFTQAYAAAPVCSP 51

Arylsulfatase A or cerebroside-sulfatase; Arylsulfatase A breaks down sulfatides, namely cerebroside 3-sulfate into cerebroside and sulfate. It is a member of the sulfatase family. The arylsulfatase A was located in lysosome-like structures and transported to dense lysosomes in a mannose 6-phosphate receptor-dependent manner. Deficiency of arylsulfatase A leads to the accumulation of cerebroside sulfate, which causes a lethal progressive demyelination. Arylsulfatase A requires the posttranslational oxidation of the -CH2SH group of a conserved cysteine to an aldehyde, yielding a formylglycine to be in an active form.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1859044113   1 MGWGDLGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYSANPLCSP 41
Cdd:cd16158    12 LGYGDLGCYGHPSSSTPNLDRLAANGLRFTDFYSSSPVCSP 52

uncharacterized sulfatase subfamily; Sulfatases catalyze the hydrolysis of sulfate esters from wide range of substrates, including steroids, carbohydrates and proteins. Sulfate esters may be formed from various alcohols and amines. The biological roles of sulfatase includes the cycling of sulfur in the environment, in the degradation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and glycolipids in the lysosome, and in remodeling sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular space. The sulfatases are essential for human metabolism. At least eight human monogenic diseases are caused by the deficiency of individual sulfatases.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1859044113   5 DLGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYSANPLCSP 41
Cdd:cd16034    16 ALGCAGDDPVKTPNLDRLAKEGVVFTNAVSNYPVCSP 52

Bacterial Arylsulfatase of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and related proteins; Sulfatases catalyze the hydrolysis of sulfate esters from wide range of substrates, including steroids, carbohydrates and proteins. Sulfate esters may be formed from various alcohols and amines. The biological roles of sulfatase includes the cycling of sulfur in the environment, in the degradation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and glycolipids in the lysosome, and in remodeling sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular space. The sulfatases are essential for human metabolism. At least eight human monogenic diseases are caused by the deficiency of individual sulfatases.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1859044113   1 MGWGDLGVYGEPSReTPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYsANPLCSP 41
Cdd:cd16025    13 LGFSDLGCFGGEIP-TPNLDALAAEGLRFTNFH-TTALCSP 51

N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase (SGSH; sulfamidase); N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase (SGSH) belongs to the sulfatase family and catalyses the cleavage of N-linked sulfate groups from the GAGs heparin sulfate and heparin. The active site is characterized by the amino-acid sequence motif C(X)PSR that is highly conserved among most sulfatases. The cysteine residue is post-translationally converted to a formylglycine (FGly) residue, which is crucial for the catalytic process. Loss of function of SGSH results a disease called mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (Sanfilippo A syndrome), a fatal childhood-onset neurodegenerative disease with mild facial, visceral and skeletal abnormalities.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1859044113   1 MGWgDLGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYSANPLCSP 41
Cdd:cd16027    11 LSP-DLGGYGGNVVKTPNLDRLAAEGVRFTNAFTTAPVCSP 50

uncharacterized sulfatase subfamily; Sulfatases catalyze the hydrolysis of sulfate esters from wide range of substrates, including steroids, carbohydrates and proteins. Sulfate esters may be formed from various alcohols and amines. The biological roles of sulfatase includes the cycling of sulfur in the environment, in the degradation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and glycolipids in the lysosome, and in remodeling sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular space. The sulfatases are essential for human metabolism. At least eight human monogenic diseases are caused by the deficiency of individual sulfatases.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1859044113   3 WGDLGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYSANPLCSP 41
Cdd:cd16152    14 WDTLGCYGQPLDLTPNLDALAEEGVLFENAFTPQPVCGP 52

unchracterized sulfatase homologous to glucosamine (N-acetyl)-6-sulfatase(G6S, GNS); N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfatase also known as glucosamine (N-acetyl)-6-sulfatase hydrolyzes of the 6-sulfate groups of the N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfate units of heparan sulfate and keratan sulfate. Deficiency of N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfatase results in the disease of Sanfilippo Syndrome type IIId or Mucopolysaccharidosis III (MPS-III), a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1859044113   3 WGDLGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYSANPLCSP 41
Cdd:cd16031    15 YDALGCYGNPIVKTPNIDRLAKEGVRFDNAFVTTSICAP 53

uncharacterized sulfatase subfamily; Sulfatases catalyze the hydrolysis of sulfate esters from wide range of substrates, including steroids, carbohydrates and proteins. Sulfate esters may be formed from various alcohols and amines. The biological roles of sulfatase includes the cycling of sulfur in the environment, in the degradation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and glycolipids in the lysosome, and in remodeling sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular space. The sulfatases are essential for human metabolism. At least eight human monogenic diseases are caused by the deficiency of individual sulfatases.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1859044113   6 LGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYSANPLCSP 41
Cdd:cd16150    16 LGHLGNPAAVTPNLDALAAEGVRFSNAYCQNPVCSP 51

uncharacterized arylsulfatase subfamily; Sulfatases catalyze the hydrolysis of sulfate esters from wide range of substrates, including steroids, carbohydrates and proteins. Sulfate esters may be formed from various alcohols and amines. The biological roles of sulfatase includes the cycling of sulfur in the environment, in the degradation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and glycolipids in the lysosome, and in remodeling sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular space. The sulfatases are essential for human metabolism. At least eight human monogenic diseases are caused by the deficiency of individual sulfatases.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1859044113   1 MGWGDLGVYG---EPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYsANPLCSP 41
Cdd:cd16142    11 IGWGDLGCYGggiGRGAPTPNIDRLAKEGLRFTSFY-VEPSCTP 53

uncharacterized sulfatase subfamily; Sulfatases catalyze the hydrolysis of sulfate esters from wide range of substrates, including steroids, carbohydrates and proteins. Sulfate esters may be formed from various alcohols and amines. The biological roles of sulfatase includes the cycling of sulfur in the environment, in the degradation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and glycolipids in the lysosome, and in remodeling sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular space. The sulfatases are essential for human metabolism. At least eight human monogenic diseases are caused by the deficiency of individual sulfatases.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1859044113   1 MGWGDLGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYsANPLCSP 41
Cdd:cd16151    11 LGYECIGCYGGESYKTPNIDALAAEGVRFNNAY-AQPLCTP 50

uncharacterized sulfatase subfamily; includes Escherichia coli YidJ; Sulfatases catalyze the hydrolysis of sulfate esters from wide range of substrates, including steroids, carbohydrates and proteins. Sulfate esters may be formed from various alcohols and amines. The biological roles of sulfatase includes the cycling of sulfur in the environment, in the degradation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and glycolipids in the lysosome, and in remodeling sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular space. The sulfatases are essential for human metabolism. At least eight human monogenic diseases are caused by the deficiency of individual sulfatases.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1859044113   2 GWGDLGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYSANPLCSP 41
Cdd:cd16156    12 RWDMVGCYGNKAMKTPNLDRLAAEGVRFDSAYTTQPVCGP 51

choline-sulfatase; Choline-sulphatase is involved in the synthesis of glycine betaine from choline. The symbiotic soil bacterium Rhizobium meliloti can synthesize glycine betaine from choline-O-sulphate and choline to protect itself from osmotic stress. This biosynthetic pathway is encoded by the betICBA locus, which comprises a regulatory gene, betI, and three structural genes, betC (choline sulfatase), betB (betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase), and betA (choline dehydrogenase). betICBA genes constitute a single operon.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1859044113   6 LGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYSANPLCSP 41
Cdd:cd16032    16 LPAYGNTVVKTPNLDRLAARGVVFDNAYCNSPLCAP 51

alkaline phosphatases and sulfatases; This family includes alkaline phosphatases and sulfatases. Alkaline phosphatases are non-specific phosphomonoesterases that catalyze the hydrolysis reaction via a phosphoseryl intermediate to produce inorganic phosphate and the corresponding alcohol, optimally at high pH. Alkaline phosphatase exists as a dimer, each monomer binding 2 zinc atoms and one magnesium atom, which are essential for enzymatic activity. Sulfatases catalyze the hydrolysis of sulfate esters from wide range of substrates, including steroids, carbohydrates and proteins. Sulfate esters may be formed from various alcohols and amines. The biological roles of sulfatase includes the cycling of sulfur in the environment, in the degradation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and glycolipids in the lysosome, and in remodeling sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular space. Both alkaline phosphatase and sulfatase are essential for human metabolism. Deficiency of individual enzyme cause genetic diseases.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1859044113   1 MGWGDLGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFpNFYSANPLCS 40
Cdd:cd00016    11 LGADDLGKAGNPAPTTPNLKRLASEGATF-NFRSVSPPTS 49

iduronate-2-sulfatase; Iduronate 2-sulfatase is a sulfatase enzyme that catalyze the hydrolysis of sulfate ester bonds from a wide variety of substrates, including steroids, carbohydrates and proteins. Iduronate 2-sulfatase is required for the lysosomal degradation of heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate. Mutations in the iduronate 2-sulfatase gene that result in enzymatic deficiency lead to the sex-linked mucopolysaccharidosis type II, also known as Hunter syndrome.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1859044113   5 DLGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYSANPLCSP 41
Cdd:cd16030    16 WLGCYGGHPAKTPNIDRLAARGVLFTNAYCQQPVCGP 52

Phosphonate monoester hydrolase/phosphodiesterase; Phosphonate monoester hydrolase/phosphodiesterase hydrolyses phosphonate monoesters or phosphate diesters using a posttranslationally formed formylglycine as the catalytic nucleophile. PMH is the member of the alkaline phosphatase superfamily. The structure of PMH is more homologous to arylsulfatase than alkaline phosphatase. Sulfatases also use formylglycine as catalytic nucleophile.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1859044113   6 LGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYSANPLCSP 41
Cdd:cd16028    16 LSCLGHPLVKTPNLDRLAAEGVRFRNHYTQAAPCGP 51

uncharacterized sulfatase subfamily; Sulfatases catalyze the hydrolysis of sulfate esters from wide range of substrates, including steroids, carbohydrates and proteins. Sulfate esters may be formed from various alcohols and amines. The biological roles of sulfatase includes the cycling of sulfur in the environment, in the degradation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and glycolipids in the lysosome, and in remodeling sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular space. The sulfatases are essential for human metabolism. At least eight human monogenic diseases are caused by the deficiency of individual sulfatases.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1859044113   3 WGDLGVYGEPSRETPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYSANP----LCSP 41
Cdd:cd16155    15 ADTIGALGNPEIQTPNLDRLARRGTSFTNAYNMGGwsgaVCVP 57

poly-beta-1,6 N-acetyl-D-glucosamine export porin PgaA;

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1859044113   6 LGVYGEPSREtPNLDWMAAEGLLFPNFYSANPL 38
Cdd:PRK14574  401 VGVYGLPGKE-PNDDWIEGQTLLVQSLVALNDL 432