Fermitin family pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; Fermitin functions as a mediator of integrin inside-out signalling. The recruitment of Fermitin proteins and Talin to the membrane mediates the terminal event of integrin signalling, via interaction with integrin beta subunits. Fermatin has FERM domain interrupted with a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain. Fermitin family homologs (Fermt1, 2, and 3, also known as Kindlins) are each encoded by a different gene. In mammalian studies, Fermt1 is generally expressed in epithelial cells, Fermt2 is expressed inmuscle tissues, and Fermt3 is expressed in hematopoietic lineages. Specifically Fermt2 is expressed in smooth and striated muscle tissues in mice and in the somites (a trunk muscle precursor) and neural crest in Xenopus embryos. As such it has been proposed that Fermt2 plays a role in cardiomyocyte and neural crest differentiation. Expression of mammalian Fermt3 is associated with hematopoietic lineages: the anterior ventral blood islands, vitelline veins, and early myeloid cells. In Xenopus embryos this expression, also include the notochord and cement gland. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959 409 PELADWLRFFKPKKFTLKSYKRYWFTFKDTHLAYYHSPEEASGAPIMRVNLRGCEVTPDVNISSEKYCIKLLIPSTEGMN 488
Cdd:cd01237     1 PELADYLKYFKPKKFTLKGYKRYWFVFKDTHLSYYKSKEESNGAPIQQINLKGCEVTPDVNVSQQKFCIKLLVPSPEGMS 80

                          90       100       110       120
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1126188959 489 EVWIRADSETQYARWMAACRLAAKGKTMADATYESEVQSITNFLG 533
Cdd:cd01237    81 EVWLRCDNEDQYAKWMAACRLASKGKTMADSSYDSEVSSILAFLS 125

FERM (Four.1 protein, Ezrin, Radixin, Moesin) domain, F0 sub-domain, found in the kindlin family; The kindlin family is composed of kindlin-1, 2 and 3, which are FERM domain-containing adaptor molecules that interact with the cytoplasmic component of integrins and regulate cell-matrix connections. Kindlins belong to the 4.1- ezrin-ridixin-moesin (FERM) domain containing protein family. They contain F1, F2 and F3 subdomains that typify FERM family members, and these subdomains are preceded by an N-terminal F0 subdomain. Both F0 and F1 domains have similar ubiquitin-like folds. This family corresponds to the F0 domain. In addition, a distinctive feature of kindlins is the insertion of a pleckstrin homology (PH) subdomain into the F2 subdomain.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959  12 SWELNVLVTDLKAERKLRVDGDMSIGNVMIKLVESLDVAMDWSDHGFWWPQRNSWLLRTHWTLDKCGVQADAQLHFTPTH 91
Cdd:cd17095     1 SWELSITVTDLQIERKLRVTGDLHIGGVMLKLVETLGVAQDWSDHALWWPQKRVWLLKTRSTLDQYGVQADAELHFTPMH 80

Band 4.1 homologues; Also known as ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) protein domains. Present in myosins, ezrin, radixin, moesin, protein tyrosine phosphatases. Plasma membrane-binding domain. These proteins play structural and regulatory roles in the assembly and stabilization of specialized plasmamembrane domains. Some PDZ domain containing proteins bind one or more of this family. Now includes JAKs.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959  289 WLNSSRSLMEQG-IRENDIILLRFKYYSFFDLNPKYDAVRINQIYEQAKWSLLTEGIECTEEEAMMFAALQLQVNLQSAM 367
Cdd:smart00295  55 WLDPAKTLLDQDvKSEPLTLYFRVKFYPPDPNQLKEDPTRLNLLYLQVRNDILEGRLPCPEEEALLLAALALQAEFGDYD 134

                   ...
gi 1126188959  368 PQP 370
Cdd:smart00295 135 EEL 137

Fermitin family pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; Fermitin functions as a mediator of integrin inside-out signalling. The recruitment of Fermitin proteins and Talin to the membrane mediates the terminal event of integrin signalling, via interaction with integrin beta subunits. Fermatin has FERM domain interrupted with a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain. Fermitin family homologs (Fermt1, 2, and 3, also known as Kindlins) are each encoded by a different gene. In mammalian studies, Fermt1 is generally expressed in epithelial cells, Fermt2 is expressed inmuscle tissues, and Fermt3 is expressed in hematopoietic lineages. Specifically Fermt2 is expressed in smooth and striated muscle tissues in mice and in the somites (a trunk muscle precursor) and neural crest in Xenopus embryos. As such it has been proposed that Fermt2 plays a role in cardiomyocyte and neural crest differentiation. Expression of mammalian Fermt3 is associated with hematopoietic lineages: the anterior ventral blood islands, vitelline veins, and early myeloid cells. In Xenopus embryos this expression, also include the notochord and cement gland. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959 409 PELADWLRFFKPKKFTLKSYKRYWFTFKDTHLAYYHSPEEASGAPIMRVNLRGCEVTPDVNISSEKYCIKLLIPSTEGMN 488
Cdd:cd01237     1 PELADYLKYFKPKKFTLKGYKRYWFVFKDTHLSYYKSKEESNGAPIQQINLKGCEVTPDVNVSQQKFCIKLLVPSPEGMS 80

                          90       100       110       120
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1126188959 489 EVWIRADSETQYARWMAACRLAAKGKTMADATYESEVQSITNFLG 533
Cdd:cd01237    81 EVWLRCDNEDQYAKWMAACRLASKGKTMADSSYDSEVSSILAFLS 125

FERM (Four.1 protein, Ezrin, Radixin, Moesin) domain, F0 sub-domain, found in the kindlin family; The kindlin family is composed of kindlin-1, 2 and 3, which are FERM domain-containing adaptor molecules that interact with the cytoplasmic component of integrins and regulate cell-matrix connections. Kindlins belong to the 4.1- ezrin-ridixin-moesin (FERM) domain containing protein family. They contain F1, F2 and F3 subdomains that typify FERM family members, and these subdomains are preceded by an N-terminal F0 subdomain. Both F0 and F1 domains have similar ubiquitin-like folds. This family corresponds to the F0 domain. In addition, a distinctive feature of kindlins is the insertion of a pleckstrin homology (PH) subdomain into the F2 subdomain.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959  12 SWELNVLVTDLKAERKLRVDGDMSIGNVMIKLVESLDVAMDWSDHGFWWPQRNSWLLRTHWTLDKCGVQADAQLHFTPTH 91
Cdd:cd17095     1 SWELSITVTDLQIERKLRVTGDLHIGGVMLKLVETLGVAQDWSDHALWWPQKRVWLLKTRSTLDQYGVQADAELHFTPMH 80

Kindlin-2 N-terminal domain; This is the N-terminal domain (K2-N) of Kindlin-2 protein present in Homo sapiens. Kindlin-2 is a regulator for heterodimeric integrin adhesion receptors promotes integrin activation. Activation depends on binding of the N-terminal domain to the integrin beta cytoplasmic tail (CT), which disrupts the receptors association with alpha-CT and triggers the conformational transitions in the receptor. K2-N contains a conserved positively charged surface that binds to membrane enriched with negatively charged phosphatidylinositol-(4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2). K2-N is also very similar to the homologous kindlin-1 F0.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959   8 VGDGSWELNVLVTDLKAER----KLRVDGDMSIGNVMIKLVESLDVAMDWSDHGFWWPQRNSWLLRTHWTLDKCGVQADA 83
Cdd:pfam18124   1 YADGSWELKITVTDMSIKKeveiPVRVTGDLHIGGVMLKLVESLDITKDWSDHALWWPQACKWLDKTGQTLDKYGVQADA 80

                  ....*....
gi 1126188959  84 QLHFTPTHK 92
Cdd:pfam18124  81 VLLYTPKHK 89

FERM central domain; This domain is the central structural domain of the FERM domain.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959 504 MAACRLAAKGKTMADATYESEVQSItnflglqhpkepvpsvnisniniepQDFVSQRHVKKFKAKSLTARILEAHANVAN 583
Cdd:pfam00373  38 LAALQLQAEFGDYQPSSHTSEYLSL-------------------------ESFLPKQLLRKMKSKELEKRVLEAHKNLRG 92

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1126188959 584 LALMEAKLNYIRAWQALPEFGITHF 608
Cdd:pfam00373  93 LSAEEAKLKYLQIAQSLPTYGVEFF 117

Pleckstrin homology domain; Domain commonly found in eukaryotic signalling proteins. The domain family possesses multiple functions including the abilities to bind inositol phosphates, and various proteins. PH domains have been found to possess inserted domains (such as in PLC gamma, syntrophins) and to be inserted within other domains. Mutations in Brutons tyrosine kinase (Btk) within its PH domain cause X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA) in patients. Point mutations cluster into the positively charged end of the molecule around the predicted binding site for phosphatidylinositol lipids.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959  414 WLRffKPKKFTLKSYKRYWFTFKDTHLAYYHSPEEA-SGAPIMRVNLRGCEVTPDVNISS--EKYCIKLLIPSTEgmnEV 490
Cdd:smart00233   6 WLY--KKSGGGKKSWKKRYFVLFNSTLLYYKSKKDKkSYKPKGSIDLSGCTVREAPDPDSskKPHCFEIKTSDRK---TL 80

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|..
gi 1126188959  491 WIRADSETQYARWMAACRLAAK 512
Cdd:smart00233  81 LLQAESEEEREKWVEALRKAIA 102

FERM domain B-lobe; The FERM domain has a cloverleaf tripart structure (FERM_N, FERM_M, FERM_C/N, alpha-, and C-lobe/A-lobe, B-lobe, C-lobe/F1, F2, F3). The FERM domain is found in the cytoskeletal-associated proteins such as ezrin, moesin, radixin, 4.1R, and merlin. These proteins provide a link between the membrane and cytoskeleton and are involved in signal transduction pathways. The FERM domain is also found in protein tyrosine phosphatases, the tyrosine kinases FAK and JAK, in addition to other proteins involved in signaling. This domain is structurally similar to the pleckstrin homology (PH) and phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domains and consequently is capable of binding to both peptides and phospholipids at different sites.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1126188959 328 INQIYEQAKWSLLTEGIECTEEEAMMFAALQLQV 361
Cdd:cd14473     2 RYLLYLQVKRDILEGRLPCSEETAALLAALALQA 35

Fermitin family pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; Fermitin functions as a mediator of integrin inside-out signalling. The recruitment of Fermitin proteins and Talin to the membrane mediates the terminal event of integrin signalling, via interaction with integrin beta subunits. Fermatin has FERM domain interrupted with a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain. Fermitin family homologs (Fermt1, 2, and 3, also known as Kindlins) are each encoded by a different gene. In mammalian studies, Fermt1 is generally expressed in epithelial cells, Fermt2 is expressed inmuscle tissues, and Fermt3 is expressed in hematopoietic lineages. Specifically Fermt2 is expressed in smooth and striated muscle tissues in mice and in the somites (a trunk muscle precursor) and neural crest in Xenopus embryos. As such it has been proposed that Fermt2 plays a role in cardiomyocyte and neural crest differentiation. Expression of mammalian Fermt3 is associated with hematopoietic lineages: the anterior ventral blood islands, vitelline veins, and early myeloid cells. In Xenopus embryos this expression, also include the notochord and cement gland. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959 409 PELADWLRFFKPKKFTLKSYKRYWFTFKDTHLAYYHSPEEASGAPIMRVNLRGCEVTPDVNISSEKYCIKLLIPSTEGMN 488
Cdd:cd01237     1 PELADYLKYFKPKKFTLKGYKRYWFVFKDTHLSYYKSKEESNGAPIQQINLKGCEVTPDVNVSQQKFCIKLLVPSPEGMS 80

                          90       100       110       120
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1126188959 489 EVWIRADSETQYARWMAACRLAAKGKTMADATYESEVQSITNFLG 533
Cdd:cd01237    81 EVWLRCDNEDQYAKWMAACRLASKGKTMADSSYDSEVSSILAFLS 125

FERM (Four.1 protein, Ezrin, Radixin, Moesin) domain, F0 sub-domain, found in the kindlin family; The kindlin family is composed of kindlin-1, 2 and 3, which are FERM domain-containing adaptor molecules that interact with the cytoplasmic component of integrins and regulate cell-matrix connections. Kindlins belong to the 4.1- ezrin-ridixin-moesin (FERM) domain containing protein family. They contain F1, F2 and F3 subdomains that typify FERM family members, and these subdomains are preceded by an N-terminal F0 subdomain. Both F0 and F1 domains have similar ubiquitin-like folds. This family corresponds to the F0 domain. In addition, a distinctive feature of kindlins is the insertion of a pleckstrin homology (PH) subdomain into the F2 subdomain.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959  12 SWELNVLVTDLKAERKLRVDGDMSIGNVMIKLVESLDVAMDWSDHGFWWPQRNSWLLRTHWTLDKCGVQADAQLHFTPTH 91
Cdd:cd17095     1 SWELSITVTDLQIERKLRVTGDLHIGGVMLKLVETLGVAQDWSDHALWWPQKRVWLLKTRSTLDQYGVQADAELHFTPMH 80

Kindlin-2 N-terminal domain; This is the N-terminal domain (K2-N) of Kindlin-2 protein present in Homo sapiens. Kindlin-2 is a regulator for heterodimeric integrin adhesion receptors promotes integrin activation. Activation depends on binding of the N-terminal domain to the integrin beta cytoplasmic tail (CT), which disrupts the receptors association with alpha-CT and triggers the conformational transitions in the receptor. K2-N contains a conserved positively charged surface that binds to membrane enriched with negatively charged phosphatidylinositol-(4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2). K2-N is also very similar to the homologous kindlin-1 F0.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959   8 VGDGSWELNVLVTDLKAER----KLRVDGDMSIGNVMIKLVESLDVAMDWSDHGFWWPQRNSWLLRTHWTLDKCGVQADA 83
Cdd:pfam18124   1 YADGSWELKITVTDMSIKKeveiPVRVTGDLHIGGVMLKLVESLDITKDWSDHALWWPQACKWLDKTGQTLDKYGVQADA 80

                  ....*....
gi 1126188959  84 QLHFTPTHK 92
Cdd:pfam18124  81 VLLYTPKHK 89

FERM (Four.1 protein, Ezrin, Radixin, Moesin) domain, F0 sub-domain, found in kindlin-2 (KIND2); KIND2, also termed fermitin family homolog 2 (FERMT2), or mitogen-inducible gene 2 protein (MIG-2), or Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain-containing family C member 1, is an adaptor protein that is widely distributed and is particularly abundant in adherent cells. It binds to the integrin beta cytoplasmic tail to promote integrin activation. It promotes carcinogenesis through regulation of cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix adhesion. In additon, KIND2 plays an important role in cardiac development. KIND2 consists of an atypical FERM domain that is made up of F1, F2 and F3 domains, as well as an N-terminal region, which precedes the FERM domain and has been referred to as the F0 domain. This family corresponds to the F0 domain.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959  12 SWELNVLVTDLKAERKLRVDGDMSIGNVMIKLVESLDVAMDWSDHGFWWPQRNSWLLRTHWTLDKCGVQADAQLHFTPTH 91
Cdd:cd17181     1 TWELNVHVTDLNRDVTLRVTGEVHIGGVMLKLVEKLDVKKDWSDHALWWEKKKTWLLKTHWTLDKYGIQADAKLQFTPQH 80

Band 4.1 homologues; Also known as ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) protein domains. Present in myosins, ezrin, radixin, moesin, protein tyrosine phosphatases. Plasma membrane-binding domain. These proteins play structural and regulatory roles in the assembly and stabilization of specialized plasmamembrane domains. Some PDZ domain containing proteins bind one or more of this family. Now includes JAKs.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959  289 WLNSSRSLMEQG-IRENDIILLRFKYYSFFDLNPKYDAVRINQIYEQAKWSLLTEGIECTEEEAMMFAALQLQVNLQSAM 367
Cdd:smart00295  55 WLDPAKTLLDQDvKSEPLTLYFRVKFYPPDPNQLKEDPTRLNLLYLQVRNDILEGRLPCPEEEALLLAALALQAEFGDYD 134

                   ...
gi 1126188959  368 PQP 370
Cdd:smart00295 135 EEL 137

FERM (Four.1 protein, Ezrin, Radixin, Moesin) domain, F1 sub-domain, found in kindlin-2 (KIND2); KIND2, also termed fermitin family homolog 2 (FERMT2), or mitogen-inducible gene 2 protein (MIG-2), or Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain-containing family C member 1, is an adaptor protein that is widely distributed and is particularly abundant in adherent cells. It binds to the integrin beta cytoplasmic tail to promote integrin activation. It promotes carcinogenesis through regulation of cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix adhesion. KIND2 also plays an important role in cardiac development. KIND2 consists of an atypical FERM domain that is made up of F1, F2 and F3 domains, as well as an N-terminal region, which precedes the FERM domain and has been referred to as the F0 domain. This family corresponds to the F1 domain.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959  92 KNLRVQLPDLQLVDLKVDFSYMAFNAIMSVCAMLGIRHPEELSFMKKVDERTlkrgekrgsfKKKKgekysspassanns 171
Cdd:cd17184     1 KLLRLQLPNMKYVKVKVNFSDRVFKAVSDICKTFNIRHPEELSLLRKPRDPT----------KKKK-------------- 56

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959 172 dasypttptpsmmdgthttprsasmpgspyrsaphtpgtpltpgtpsgyntyprvpsyngtspvsssyslssfpdspysd 251
Cdd:cd17184       --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                         170       180       190       200       210       220
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1126188959 252 gsnlsalsispakpsseaVATLHRPKNYVERARLNSLWLNSSRSLMEQGIRENDIILLRFKYY 314
Cdd:cd17184    57 ------------------LAKMYKPQSLLDKAKINQGWLDSSRSLMEQDVKENEALLLRFKYY 101

FERM central domain; This domain is the central structural domain of the FERM domain.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959 504 MAACRLAAKGKTMADATYESEVQSItnflglqhpkepvpsvnisniniepQDFVSQRHVKKFKAKSLTARILEAHANVAN 583
Cdd:pfam00373  38 LAALQLQAEFGDYQPSSHTSEYLSL-------------------------ESFLPKQLLRKMKSKELEKRVLEAHKNLRG 92

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1126188959 584 LALMEAKLNYIRAWQALPEFGITHF 608
Cdd:pfam00373  93 LSAEEAKLKYLQIAQSLPTYGVEFF 117

Pleckstrin homology domain; Domain commonly found in eukaryotic signalling proteins. The domain family possesses multiple functions including the abilities to bind inositol phosphates, and various proteins. PH domains have been found to possess inserted domains (such as in PLC gamma, syntrophins) and to be inserted within other domains. Mutations in Brutons tyrosine kinase (Btk) within its PH domain cause X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA) in patients. Point mutations cluster into the positively charged end of the molecule around the predicted binding site for phosphatidylinositol lipids.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959  414 WLRffKPKKFTLKSYKRYWFTFKDTHLAYYHSPEEA-SGAPIMRVNLRGCEVTPDVNISS--EKYCIKLLIPSTEgmnEV 490
Cdd:smart00233   6 WLY--KKSGGGKKSWKKRYFVLFNSTLLYYKSKKDKkSYKPKGSIDLSGCTVREAPDPDSskKPHCFEIKTSDRK---TL 80

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|..
gi 1126188959  491 WIRADSETQYARWMAACRLAAK 512
Cdd:smart00233  81 LLQAESEEEREKWVEALRKAIA 102

Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959 414 WLrfFKPKKFTLKSYKRYWFTFKDTHLAYYHSPEEASGAPIMRVNLRGCEVTPDVNISSEKYCIKLlipSTEGMNEVWIR 493
Cdd:cd00821     4 YL--LKRGGGGLKSWKKRWFVLFEGVLLYYKSKKDSSYKPKGSIPLSGILEVEEVSPKERPHCFEL---VTPDGRTYYLQ 78

                          90
                  ....*....|....
gi 1126188959 494 ADSETQYARWMAAC 507
Cdd:cd00821    79 ADSEEERQEWLKAL 92

ArfGAP with coiled-coil, ankyrin repeat and PH domains Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; ACAP (also called centaurin beta) functions both as a Rab35 effector and as an Arf6-GTPase-activating protein (GAP) by which it controls actin remodeling and membrane trafficking. ACAP contain an NH2-terminal bin/amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain, a phospholipid-binding domain, a PH domain, a GAP domain, and four ankyrin repeats. The AZAPs constitute a family of Arf GAPs that are characterized by an NH2-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain and a central Arf GAP domain followed by two or more ankyrin repeats. On the basis of sequence and domain organization, the AZAP family is further subdivided into four subfamilies: 1) the ACAPs contain an NH2-terminal bin/amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain (a phospholipid-binding domain that is thought to sense membrane curvature), a single PH domain followed by the GAP domain, and four ankyrin repeats; 2) the ASAPs also contain an NH2-terminal BAR domain, the tandem PH domain/GAP domain, three ankyrin repeats, two proline-rich regions, and a COOH-terminal Src homology 3 domain; 3) the AGAPs contain an NH2-terminal GTPase-like domain (GLD), a split PH domain, and the GAP domain followed by four ankyrin repeats; and 4) the ARAPs contain both an Arf GAP domain and a Rho GAP domain, as well as an NH2-terminal sterile-a motif (SAM), a proline-rich region, a GTPase-binding domain, and five PH domains. PMID 18003747 and 19055940 Centaurin can bind to phosphatidlyinositol (3,4,5)P3. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959 418 FKPKKFTLKSYKRYWFTFKDTHLAYYHSPEEASGApIMRVNLRGCEVTPDVNIsSEKYCIKLLIPSTEGMnevwIRADSE 497
Cdd:cd13250     6 FKRSSNAFKTWKRRWFSLQNGQLYYQKRDKKDEPT-VMVEDLRLCTVKPTEDS-DRRFCFEVISPTKSYM----LQAESE 79

                  ....*....
gi 1126188959 498 TQYARWMAA 506
Cdd:cd13250    80 EDRQAWIQA 88

FERM domain C-lobe; The FERM domain has a cloverleaf tripart structure composed of: (1) FERM_N (A-lobe or F1); (2) FERM_M (B-lobe, or F2); and (3) FERM_C (C-lobe or F3). The C-lobe/F3 within the FERM domain is part of the PH domain family. The FERM domain is found in the cytoskeletal-associated proteins such as ezrin, moesin, radixin, 4.1R, and merlin. These proteins provide a link between the membrane and cytoskeleton and are involved in signal transduction pathways. The FERM domain is also found in protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), the tyrosine kinases FAK and JAK, in addition to other proteins involved in signaling. This domain is structurally similar to the PH and PTB domains and consequently is capable of binding to both peptides and phospholipids at different sites.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959 604 GITHFVVRFRGNKK-EDLLGVAFNRIMRMDLHTGDALKTWRYNSMKHWNVNWeVKEVLVQFEDEQ----VSFACLSADCK 678
Cdd:cd00836     1 GVEFFPVKDKSKKGsPIILGVNPEGISVYDELTGQPLVLFPWPNIKKISFSG-AKKFTIVVADEDkqskLLFQTPSRQAK 79

                          90
                  ....*....|....
gi 1126188959 679 IVHEFIGGYIFNSM 692
Cdd:cd00836    80 EIWKLIVGYHRFLL 93

Yeast oxysterol binding protein homologs 1 and 2 Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; Yeast Osh1p is proposed to function in postsynthetic sterol regulation, piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus, and cell polarity establishment. Yeast Osh2p is proposed to function in sterol metabolism and cell polarity establishment. Both Osh1p and Osh2p contain 3 N-terminal ankyrin repeats, a PH domain, a FFAT motif (two phenylalanines in an acidic tract), and a C-terminal OSBP-related domain. OSBP andOsh1p PH domains specifically localize to the Golgi apparatus in a PtdIns4P-dependent manner. Oxysterol binding proteins are a multigene family that is conserved in yeast, flies, worms, mammals and plants. In general OSBPs and ORPs have been found to be involved in the transport and metabolism of cholesterol and related lipids in eukaryotes. They all contain a C-terminal oxysterol binding domain, and most contain an N-terminal PH domain. OSBP PH domains bind to membrane phosphoinositides and thus likely play an important role in intracellular targeting. They are members of the oxysterol binding protein (OSBP) family which includes OSBP, OSBP-related proteins (ORP), Goodpasture antigen binding protein (GPBP), and Four phosphate adaptor protein 1 (FAPP1). They have a wide range of purported functions including sterol transport, cell cycle control, pollen development and vessicle transport from Golgi recognize both PI lipids and ARF proteins. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959 421 KKFT--LKSYKRYWFTFKDTHLAYYHSPEEASGAPIMRVNLRGCEVTPDvniSSEKYCIKLLIpSTEGMNEVWIRADSET 498
Cdd:cd13292     9 KKWTnyAKGYKTRWFVLEDGVLSYYRHQDDEGSACRGSINMKNARLVSD---PSEKLRFEVSS-KTSGSPKWYLKANHPV 84

                  ....*...
gi 1126188959 499 QYARWMAA 506
Cdd:cd13292    85 EAARWIQA 92

FERM domain C-lobe/F3 of Talin; Talin (also called filopodin) plays an important role in initiating actin filament growth in motile cell protrusions. It is responsible for linking the cytoplasmic domains of integrins to the actin-based cytoskeleton, and is involved in vinculin, integrin and actin interactions. At the leading edge of motile cells, talin colocalises with the hyaluronan receptor layilin in transient adhesions, some of which become more stable focal adhesions (FA). During this maturation process, layilin is replaced with integrins, where localized production of PI(4,5)P(2) by type 1 phosphatidyl inositol phosphate kinase type 1gamma (PIPK1gamma) is thought to play a role in FA assembly. Talins are composed of a N-terminal region FERM domain which us made up of 3 subdomains (N, alpha-, and C-lobe; or- A-lobe, B-lobe, and C-lobe; or F1, F2, and F3) connected by short linkers, a talin rod which binds vinculin, and a conserved C-terminal region with actin- and integrin-binding sites. There are 2 additional actin-binding domains, one in the talin rod and the other in the FERM domain. Both the F2 and F3 FERM subdomains contribute to F-actin binding. Subdomain F3 of the FERM domain contains overlapping binding sites for integrin cytoplasmic domains and for the type 1 gamma isoform of PIP-kinase (phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase). The FERM domain has a cloverleaf tripart structure . F3 within the FERM domain is part of the PH domain family. The FERM domain is found in the cytoskeletal-associated proteins such as ezrin, moesin, radixin, 4.1R, and merlin. These proteins provide a link between the membrane and cytoskeleton and are involved in signal transduction pathways. The FERM domain is also found in protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) , the tyrosine kinases FAK and JAK, in addition to other proteins involved in signaling. This domain is structurally similar to the PH and PTB domains and consequently is capable of binding to both peptides and phospholipids at different sites.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1126188959 604 GITHFVVRFR---GNKKED-LLGVAFNRIMRMDLHTGDALKTWRYNSMKHW 650
Cdd:cd10569     1 GVTFFLVKEKmkgKNKLVPrLLGITKESVLRLDEETKEVLKVWPLTTIKRW 51

Autophagy-related protein 26/Sterol 3-beta-glucosyltransferase Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, repeat 1; ATG26 (also called UGT51/UDP-glycosyltransferase 51), a member of the glycosyltransferase 28 family, resulting in the biosynthesis of sterol glucoside. ATG26 in decane metabolism and autophagy. There are 32 known autophagy-related (ATG) proteins, 17 are components of the core autophagic machinery essential for all autophagy-related pathways and 15 are the additional components required only for certain pathways or species. The core autophagic machinery includes 1) the ATG9 cycling system (ATG1, ATG2, ATG9, ATG13, ATG18, and ATG27), 2) the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex (ATG6/VPS30, ATG14, VPS15, and ATG34), and 3) the ubiquitin-like protein system (ATG3, ATG4, ATG5, ATG7, ATG8, ATG10, ATG12, and ATG16). Less is known about how the core machinery is adapted or modulated with additional components to accommodate the nonselective sequestration of bulk cytosol (autophagosome formation) or selective sequestration of specific cargos (Cvt vesicle, pexophagosome, or bacteria-containing autophagosome formation). The pexophagosome-specific additions include the ATG30-ATG11-ATG17 receptor-adaptors complex, the coiled-coil protein ATG25, and the sterol glucosyltransferase ATG26. ATG26 is necessary for the degradation of medium peroxisomes. It contains 2 GRAM domains and a single PH domain. PH domains are only found in eukaryotes. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. PH domains also have diverse functions. They are often involved in targeting proteins to the plasma membrane, but few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959 426 KSYKRYWFTFKDTHLAYYHSPEEASgAPIMRVNLR---GCEVTPDVNISSEKYCIkllipSTEGMNeVWIRADSETQYAR 502
Cdd:cd13215    35 LRYTRYWFVLKGDTLSWYNSSTDLY-FPAGTIDLRyatSIELSKSNGEATTSFKI-----VTNSRT-YKFKADSETSADE 107

                  ....*.
gi 1126188959 503 WMAACR 508
Cdd:cd13215   108 WVKALK 113

FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing/faciogenital dysplasia proteins 5 and 6 pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, C-terminus; FGD5 regulates promotes angiogenesis of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in vascular endothelial cells, including network formation, permeability, directional movement, and proliferation. The specific function of FGD6 is unknown. In general, FGDs have a RhoGEF (DH) domain, followed by a PH domain, a FYVE domain and a C-terminal PH domain. All FGDs are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate the Rho GTPase Cdc42, an important regulator of membrane trafficking. The RhoGEF domain is responsible for GEF catalytic activity, while the PH domain is involved in intracellular targeting of the DH domain. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959 414 WLRFFKPKKftlKSYKRYWFTFKDTHLAYYHSPEEAsgAPIMRVNLRGCEVTP--DVNISSEKYCIKLLipsTEGMNEVW 491
Cdd:cd13237     4 YLQRRKKSK---KSWKRLWFVLKDKVLYTYKASEDV--VALESVPLLGFTVVTidESFEEDESLVFQLL---HKGQLPII 75

                          90
                  ....*....|....*
gi 1126188959 492 IRADSETQYARWMAA 506
Cdd:cd13237    76 FRADDAETAQRWIEA 90

Anillin Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; Anillin (Rhotekin/RTKN; also called PLEKHK/Pleckstrin homology domain-containing family K) is an actin binding protein involved in cytokinesis. It interacts with GTP-bound Rho proteins and results in the inhibition of their GTPase activity. Dysregulation of the Rho signal transduction pathway has been implicated in many forms of cancer. Anillin proteins have a N-terminal HRI domain/ACC (anti-parallel coiled-coil) finger domain or Rho-binding domain binds small GTPases from the Rho family. The C-terminal PH domain helps target anillin to ectopic septin containing foci. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1126188959 430 RYWFTFKDTHLAYYHSPE-EASGAPIMRVNLRGCeVTPDVNISSEKYC-------IKLLIPSTEGMN-------EVWIRA 494
Cdd:cd01263    22 RRWCVLRGGYLSFWKYPDdEEKKKPIGSIDLTKC-ITEKVEPAPRELCarpntflLETLRPAEDDDRddtnekiRVLLSA 100

                          90
                  ....*....|..
gi 1126188959 495 DSETQYARWMAA 506
Cdd:cd01263   101 DTKEERIEWLSA 112