major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter facilitates the transport across cytoplasmic or internal membranes of one or more from a variety of substrates including ions, sugar phosphates, drugs, neurotransmitters, nucleosides, amino acids, and peptides
Major Facilitator Superfamily; The Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) is a large and diverse ...
113-644
3.09e-161
Major Facilitator Superfamily; The Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) is a large and diverse group of secondary transporters that includes uniporters, symporters, and antiporters. MFS proteins facilitate the transport across cytoplasmic or internal membranes of a variety of substrates including ions, sugar phosphates, drugs, neurotransmitters, nucleosides, amino acids, and peptides. They do so using the electrochemical potential of the transported substrates. Uniporters transport a single substrate, while symporters and antiporters transport two substrates in the same or in opposite directions, respectively, across membranes. MFS proteins are typically 400 to 600 amino acids in length, and the majority contain 12 transmembrane alpha helices (TMs) connected by hydrophilic loops. The N- and C-terminal halves of these proteins display weak similarity and may be the result of a gene duplication/fusion event. Based on kinetic studies and the structures of a few bacterial superfamily members, GlpT (glycerol-3-phosphate transporter), LacY (lactose permease), and EmrD (multidrug transporter), MFS proteins are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement. Bacterial members function primarily for nutrient uptake, and as drug-efflux pumps to confer antibiotic resistance. Some MFS proteins have medical significance in humans such as the glucose transporter Glut4, which is impaired in type II diabetes, and glucose-6-phosphate transporter (G6PT), which causes glycogen storage disease when mutated.
The actual alignment was detected with superfamily member cd17416:
Pssm-ID: 475125 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 444 Bit Score: 470.21 E-value: 3.09e-161
NRT1/PTR family (NPF), subfamily 1 and 2 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; ...
113-644
3.09e-161
NRT1/PTR family (NPF), subfamily 1 and 2 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; The plant Nitrate transporter/Peptide transporter (NRT1/PTR) family (NPF) is related to the POT (proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter), Peptide transporter (PepT/PTR), or Solute Carrier 15 (SLC15) family in animals. In contrast to related animal and bacterial counterparts, the plant proteins transport a wide variety of substrates including nitrate, peptides, amino acids, dicarboxylates, glucosinolates, as well as the plant hormones indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA). A recent study identified eight subfamilies within this family, named NPF1-NPF8. NPF1 includes Medicago truncatula LATD/NIP, now named MtNPF1.7, which is a high-affinity nitrate transporter and is involved in nodulation and root architecture. NPF2 members are well-established nitrate and glucosinolate transporters, including Arabidopsis nitrate influx and efflux transporters with varied tissue and developmental specificity. Examples are AtNPF2.7, which is expressed in the cortex of mature roots, and AtNPF2.9, which is expressed in root companion cells where it is involved in phloem loading. NPF1/2 belongs to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins, which are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
Pssm-ID: 340974 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 444 Bit Score: 470.21 E-value: 3.09e-161
Peptide:H+ symporter (also transports b-lactam antibiotics, the antitumor agent, bestatin, and ...
134-506
8.62e-18
Peptide:H+ symporter (also transports b-lactam antibiotics, the antitumor agent, bestatin, and various protease inhibitors); [Transport and binding proteins, Amino acids, peptides and amines]
Pssm-ID: 273343 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 654 Bit Score: 87.51 E-value: 8.62e-18
NRT1/PTR family (NPF), subfamily 1 and 2 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; ...
113-644
3.09e-161
NRT1/PTR family (NPF), subfamily 1 and 2 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; The plant Nitrate transporter/Peptide transporter (NRT1/PTR) family (NPF) is related to the POT (proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter), Peptide transporter (PepT/PTR), or Solute Carrier 15 (SLC15) family in animals. In contrast to related animal and bacterial counterparts, the plant proteins transport a wide variety of substrates including nitrate, peptides, amino acids, dicarboxylates, glucosinolates, as well as the plant hormones indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA). A recent study identified eight subfamilies within this family, named NPF1-NPF8. NPF1 includes Medicago truncatula LATD/NIP, now named MtNPF1.7, which is a high-affinity nitrate transporter and is involved in nodulation and root architecture. NPF2 members are well-established nitrate and glucosinolate transporters, including Arabidopsis nitrate influx and efflux transporters with varied tissue and developmental specificity. Examples are AtNPF2.7, which is expressed in the cortex of mature roots, and AtNPF2.9, which is expressed in root companion cells where it is involved in phloem loading. NPF1/2 belongs to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins, which are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
Pssm-ID: 340974 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 444 Bit Score: 470.21 E-value: 3.09e-161
Plant NRT1/PTR family (NPF) of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; The plant ...
114-642
1.97e-125
Plant NRT1/PTR family (NPF) of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; The plant Nitrate transporter/Peptide transporter (NRT1/PTR) family (NPF) is related to the POT (proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter), Peptide transporter (PepT/PTR), or Solute Carrier 15 (SLC15) family in animals. In contrast to related animal and bacterial counterparts, the plant proteins transport a wide variety of substrates including nitrate, peptides, amino acids, dicarboxylates, glucosinolates, as well as the plant hormones indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA). A recent study identified eight subfamilies within this family, named NPF1-NPF8. NPF belongs to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins, which are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
Pssm-ID: 340909 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 445 Bit Score: 378.50 E-value: 1.97e-125
NRT1/PTR family (NPF), subfamily 3 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; The ...
110-642
1.13e-111
NRT1/PTR family (NPF), subfamily 3 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; The plant Nitrate transporter/Peptide transporter (NRT1/PTR) family (NPF) is related to the POT (proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter), Peptide transporter (PepT/PTR), or Solute Carrier 15 (SLC15) family in animals. In contrast to related animal and bacterial counterparts, the plant proteins transport a wide variety of substrates including nitrate, peptides, amino acids, dicarboxylates, glucosinolates, as well as the plant hormones indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA). A recent study identified eight subfamilies within this family, named NPF1-NPF8. NPF3 is the smallest NPF subfamily and it includes Cucumis sativus nitrite transporter (CsNitr1), now named CsNPF3.2. It functions as a chloroplast nitrite uptake transporter to remove toxic nitrite from the cytosol. NPF3 belongs to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins, which are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
Pssm-ID: 340973 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 448 Bit Score: 343.28 E-value: 1.13e-111
NRT1/PTR family (NPF), subfamily 5 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; The ...
115-644
1.75e-106
NRT1/PTR family (NPF), subfamily 5 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; The plant Nitrate transporter/Peptide transporter (NRT1/PTR) family (NPF) is related to the POT (proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter), Peptide transporter (PepT/PTR), or Solute Carrier 15 (SLC15) family in animals. In contrast to related animal and bacterial counterparts, the plant proteins transport a wide variety of substrates including nitrate, peptides, amino acids, dicarboxylates, glucosinolates, as well as the plant hormones indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA). A recent study identified eight subfamilies within this family, named NPF1-NPF8. NPF5 includes Arabidopsis thaliana PTR3 (AtPTR3, now named AtNPF5.2), which is a wound-induced peptide transporter that is necessary for defense against virulent bacterial pathogens. NPF5 belongs to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins, which are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
Pssm-ID: 340975 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 452 Bit Score: 330.00 E-value: 1.75e-106
NRT1/PTR family (NPF), subfamily 7 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; The ...
115-642
2.39e-88
NRT1/PTR family (NPF), subfamily 7 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; The plant Nitrate transporter/Peptide transporter (NRT1/PTR) family (NPF) is related to the POT (proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter), Peptide transporter (PepT/PTR), or Solute Carrier 15 (SLC15) family in animals. In contrast to related animal and bacterial counterparts, the plant proteins transport a wide variety of substrates including nitrate, peptides, amino acids, dicarboxylates, glucosinolates, as well as the plant hormones indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA). A recent study identified eight subfamilies within this family, named NPF1-NPF8. NPF7 includes the nitrate transporters AtNPF7.2 and AtNPF7.3, as well as the dipeptide transporter OsNPF7.3. AtNPF7.3 is a bidirectional transporter involved in nitrate influx and efflux. NPF7 belongs to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins, which are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
Pssm-ID: 340977 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 447 Bit Score: 282.73 E-value: 2.39e-88
NRT1/PTR family (NPF), subfamily 6 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; The ...
114-642
7.12e-88
NRT1/PTR family (NPF), subfamily 6 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; The plant Nitrate transporter 1/Peptide transporter (NRT1/PTR) family (NPF) is related to the POT (proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter), Peptide transporter (PepT/PTR), or Solute Carrier 15 (SLC15) family in animals. In contrast to related animal and bacterial counterparts, the plant proteins transport a wide variety of substrates including nitrate, peptides, amino acids, dicarboxylates, glucosinolates, as well as the plant hormones indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA). A recent study identified eight subfamilies within this family, named NPF1-NPF8. NPF6 includes the first identified member of the NRT1/PTR family: Arabidopsis thaliana NRT1.1, now called AtNPF6.3. It is a dual affinity nitrate influx transporter and a nitrate sensor. It also transports auxin and has nitrate efflux activity. NPF6 belongs to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins, which are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
Pssm-ID: 340971 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 457 Bit Score: 281.65 E-value: 7.12e-88
NRT1/PTR family (NPF), subfamily 8 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; The ...
110-644
7.97e-88
NRT1/PTR family (NPF), subfamily 8 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; The plant Nitrate transporter/Peptide transporter (NRT1/PTR) family (NPF) is related to the POT (proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter), Peptide transporter (PepT/PTR), or Solute Carrier 15 (SLC15) family in animals. In contrast to related animal and bacterial counterparts, the plant proteins transport a wide variety of substrates including nitrate, peptides, amino acids, dicarboxylates, glucosinolates, as well as the plant hormones indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA). A recent study identified eight subfamilies within this family, named NPF1-NPF8. NPF8 contains the Arabidopsis dipeptide transporters AtNPF8.1 (PTR1), AtNPF8.2 (PTR5), and AtNPF8.3 (PTR2), as well as tonoplast-localized transporters AtNPF8.4 (PTR4) and AtNPF8.5 (PTR6). Oryza sativa NRT1 (now called OsNPF8.9) is a low-affinity nitrate transporter. NPF8 belongs to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins, which are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
Pssm-ID: 340976 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 447 Bit Score: 281.28 E-value: 7.97e-88
NRT1/PTR family (NPF), subfamily 4 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; The ...
115-642
6.52e-81
NRT1/PTR family (NPF), subfamily 4 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; The plant Nitrate transporter/Peptide transporter (NRT1/PTR) family (NPF) is related to the POT (proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter), Peptide transporter (PepT/PTR), or Solute Carrier 15 (SLC15) family in animals. In contrast to related animal and bacterial counterparts, the plant proteins transport a wide variety of substrates including nitrate, peptides, amino acids, dicarboxylates, glucosinolates, as well as the plant hormones indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA). A recent study identified eight subfamilies within this family, named NPF1-NPF8. Members of the NPF4 subfamily have been shown to transport ABA. NPF4 belongs to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins, which are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
Pssm-ID: 340972 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 456 Bit Score: 263.50 E-value: 6.52e-81
Proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter (POT) family of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of ...
114-642
7.40e-37
Proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter (POT) family of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; The Proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter (POT) family is present across all major kingdoms of life and is known by a variety of names. It is referred to as the Nitrate transporter/Peptide transporter (NRT1/PTR) family (NPF) in plants, and in addition to POT, it is also known as the Peptide transporter (PepT/PTR) or Solute Carrier 15 (SLC15) family in animals. Members of this family are proton-driven symporters involved in nitrogen acquisition in the form of di- and tripeptides. Plant members transport other nitrogenous ligands including nitrate, the plant hormone auxin, and glucosinolate compounds that are important for seed defense. POT proteins exhibit substrate multispecificity, with one transporter able to recognize as many as 8,400 types of di/tripeptides and certain peptide-like drugs. The POT family belongs to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins, which are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
Pssm-ID: 340865 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 422 Bit Score: 142.96 E-value: 7.40e-37
Solute Carrier family 15 members 3 and 4 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; ...
122-641
3.89e-24
Solute Carrier family 15 members 3 and 4 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; Solute carrier family 15 members 3 (SLC15A3) and 4 (SLC15A4) are members of the proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter (POT) family of integral membrane proteins that mediate the cellular uptake of di/tripeptides and peptide-like drugs. They are peptide/histidine transporters (PHTs) that transport free histidine in addition to di/tripeptides. SLC15A4, also called peptide transporter 4 or peptide/histidine transporter 1 (PHT1), is expressed in the human brain, retina, placenta, and immune cells. It is required for Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)- and TLR9-mediated type I interferon production in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and is involved in the pathogenesis of lupus-like autoimmunity. SLC15A3, also called osteoclast transporter, peptide transporter 3, or peptide/histidine transporter 2 (PHT2), is expressed in immune tissues including the spleen and thymus. The SLC15A3/SLC15A4 group belongs to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins, which are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
Pssm-ID: 340906 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 435 Bit Score: 105.64 E-value: 3.89e-24
Solute carrier family 15 members 1 and 2, and similar Major Facilitator Superfamily ...
111-644
4.41e-24
Solute carrier family 15 members 1 and 2, and similar Major Facilitator Superfamily transporters; Solute carrier family 15 member 1 (SLC15A1) and SLC15A2 are members of the proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter (POT) family of integral membrane proteins that mediate the cellular uptake of di/tripeptides and peptide-like drugs. They mediate the proton-coupled active transport of a broad range of dipeptides and tripeptides, including zwitterionic, anionic and cationic peptides, as well as a variety of peptide-like drugs such as cefadroxil, enalapril, and valacyclovir. SLC15A1, or peptide transporter 1 (PepT1), is primarily expressed in the brush border membranes of enterocytes of the small intestine and is also known as the intestinal isoform. SLC15A2, or peptide transporter 2 (PepT2), is abundantly expressed in the apical membrane of kidney proximal tubules and is also referred to as the renal isoform. Both proteins transport di/tripeptides, but not tetrapeptides or free amino acids, using the energy generated by an inwardly directed transmembrane proton gradient. The SLC15A1/SLC15A2-like group belongs to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins, which are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
Pssm-ID: 340905 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 427 Bit Score: 105.39 E-value: 4.41e-24
Peptide:H+ symporter (also transports b-lactam antibiotics, the antitumor agent, bestatin, and ...
134-506
8.62e-18
Peptide:H+ symporter (also transports b-lactam antibiotics, the antitumor agent, bestatin, and various protease inhibitors); [Transport and binding proteins, Amino acids, peptides and amines]
Pssm-ID: 273343 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 654 Bit Score: 87.51 E-value: 8.62e-18
Solute Carrier family 15 member 1 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; Solute ...
134-324
4.64e-11
Solute Carrier family 15 member 1 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; Solute carrier family 15 member 1 (SLC15A1), also called peptide transporter 1 (PepT1), is a member of the proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter (POT) family of integral membrane proteins that mediate the cellular uptake of di/tripeptides and peptide-like drugs. SLC15A1, as well as SLC15A2, mediate the proton-coupled active transport of a broad range of dipeptides and tripeptides, including zwitterionic, anionic and cationic peptides, as well as a variety of peptide-like drugs such as cefadroxil, enalapril, and valacyclovir. SLC15A1 is primarily expressed in the brush border membranes of enterocytes of the small intestine and is also known as the intestinal isoform. It is a high-capacity/low-affinity transporter that drives the transport of di-and tripeptides for metabolic purposes. It's expression is upregulated in the colon during chronic inflammation associated with inflammatory bowel disease. SLC15A1/PepT1 belongs to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins, which are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
Pssm-ID: 340970 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 415 Bit Score: 65.25 E-value: 4.64e-11
Solute carrier family 15 member 2 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; Solute ...
134-324
1.19e-10
Solute carrier family 15 member 2 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; Solute carrier family 15 member 2 (SLC15A2), also called peptide transporter 2 (PepT2), is a member of the proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter (POT) family of integral membrane proteins that mediate the cellular uptake of di/tripeptides and peptide-like drugs. SLC15A2, as well as SLC15A1, mediate the proton-coupled active transport of a broad range of dipeptides and tripeptides, including zwitterionic, anionic and cationic peptides, as well as a variety of peptide-like drugs such as cefadroxil, enalapril, and valacyclovir. SLC15A2 is a high-affinity transporter and is abundantly expressed in the apical membrane of kidney proximal tubules and choroid plexus epithelial cells. It is the major transporter involved in the reclamation of peptide-bound amino acids and peptide-like drugs in the kidney, and is also called the renal isoform. In choroid plexus and the brain, it acts as an efflux transporter and plays a role in regulating peptide/neuropeptide homeostasis. SLC15A2/PepT2 belongs to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins, which are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
Pssm-ID: 340969 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 403 Bit Score: 64.08 E-value: 1.19e-10
Peptide transporter PTR2 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; Fungal peptide ...
150-325
4.95e-08
Peptide transporter PTR2 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; Fungal peptide transporter or permease PTR2 is a member of the proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter (POT) family of integral membrane proteins that mediate the cellular uptake of di/tripeptides and peptide-like drugs. It is a 12-transmembrane domain (TMD) integral membrane protein that translocates di-/tripeptides. As with other POT family proteins, it displays characteristic substrate multispecificity. PTR2 belongs to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins, which are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
Pssm-ID: 340908 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 438 Bit Score: 55.94 E-value: 4.95e-08
Dipeptide and tripeptide permease A (DtpA)-like subfamily of the Major Facilitator Superfamily ...
134-337
5.67e-08
Dipeptide and tripeptide permease A (DtpA)-like subfamily of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; The DtpA-like subfamily includes four Escherichia coli proteins: dipeptide and tripeptide permeases A (DtpA, TppB or YdgR), B (DtpB or YhiP), C (DtpC or YjdL), and D (DtpD or YbgH). They are proton-dependent permeases that transport di- and tripeptides. DtpA and DtpB display a preference for di- and tripeptides composed of L-amino acids. DtpC shows higher specificity for dipeptides compared to tripeptides, and prefers dipeptides containing a C-terminal lysine residue. The DtpA-like subfamily belongs to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins, which are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
Pssm-ID: 340904 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 399 Bit Score: 55.27 E-value: 5.67e-08
bacterial MdtG-like and eukaryotic solute carrier 18 (SLC18) family of the Major Facilitator ...
111-316
1.18e-03
bacterial MdtG-like and eukaryotic solute carrier 18 (SLC18) family of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; This family is composed of eukaryotic solute carrier 18 (SLC18) family transporters and related bacterial multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters including several proteins from Escherichia coli such as multidrug resistance protein MdtG, from Bacillus subtilis such as multidrug resistance proteins 1 (Bmr1) and 2 (Bmr2), and from Staphylococcus aureus such as quinolone resistance protein NorA. The family also includes Escherichia coli arabinose efflux transporters YfcJ and YhhS. MDR transporters are drug/H+ antiporters (DHA) that mediate the efflux of a variety of drugs and toxic compounds, and confer resistance to these compounds. The SLC18 transporter family includes vesicular monoamine transporters (VAT1 and VAT2), vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), and SLC18B1, which is proposed to be a vesicular polyamine transporter (VPAT). The MdtG/SLC18 family belongs to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins, which are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
Pssm-ID: 340883 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 375 Bit Score: 41.79 E-value: 1.18e-03
Major Facilitator Superfamily; The Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) is a large and diverse ...
120-315
5.88e-03
Major Facilitator Superfamily; The Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) is a large and diverse group of secondary transporters that includes uniporters, symporters, and antiporters. MFS proteins facilitate the transport across cytoplasmic or internal membranes of a variety of substrates including ions, sugar phosphates, drugs, neurotransmitters, nucleosides, amino acids, and peptides. They do so using the electrochemical potential of the transported substrates. Uniporters transport a single substrate, while symporters and antiporters transport two substrates in the same or in opposite directions, respectively, across membranes. MFS proteins are typically 400 to 600 amino acids in length, and the majority contain 12 transmembrane alpha helices (TMs) connected by hydrophilic loops. The N- and C-terminal halves of these proteins display weak similarity and may be the result of a gene duplication/fusion event. Based on kinetic studies and the structures of a few bacterial superfamily members, GlpT (glycerol-3-phosphate transporter), LacY (lactose permease), and EmrD (multidrug transporter), MFS proteins are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement. Bacterial members function primarily for nutrient uptake, and as drug-efflux pumps to confer antibiotic resistance. Some MFS proteins have medical significance in humans such as the glucose transporter Glut4, which is impaired in type II diabetes, and glucose-6-phosphate transporter (G6PT), which causes glycogen storage disease when mutated.
Pssm-ID: 349949 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 378 Bit Score: 39.33 E-value: 5.88e-03
Database: CDSEARCH/cdd Low complexity filter: no Composition Based Adjustment: yes E-value threshold: 0.01
References:
Wang J et al. (2023), "The conserved domain database in 2023", Nucleic Acids Res.51(D)384-8.
Lu S et al. (2020), "The conserved domain database in 2020", Nucleic Acids Res.48(D)265-8.
Marchler-Bauer A et al. (2017), "CDD/SPARCLE: functional classification of proteins via subfamily domain architectures.", Nucleic Acids Res.45(D)200-3.
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