G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D [Homo sapiens]
Protein Classification
G protein-coupled receptor family protein( domain architecture ID 705710)
G protein-coupled receptor family protein is a seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor (7TM-GPCR) family protein which typically transmits an extracellular signal into the cell by the conformational rearrangement of the 7TM helices and by the subsequent binding and activation of an intracellular heterotrimeric G protein; GPCR ligands include light-sensitive compounds, odors, pheromones, hormones, and neurotransmitters
List of domain hits
| Name | Accession | Description | Interval | E-value | |||||
| 7tm_GPCRs super family | cl28897 | seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily; This hierarchical evolutionary ... |
21-267 | 5.26e-125 | |||||
seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily; This hierarchical evolutionary model represents the seven-transmembrane (7TM) receptors, often referred to as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which transmit physiological signals from the outside of the cell to the inside via G proteins. GPCRs constitute the largest known superfamily of transmembrane receptors across the three kingdoms of life that respond to a wide variety of extracellular stimuli including peptides, lipids, neurotransmitters, amino acids, hormones, and sensory stimuli such as light, smell and taste. All GPCRs share a common structural architecture comprising of seven-transmembrane (TM) alpha-helices interconnected by three extracellular and three intracellular loops. A general feature of GPCR signaling is agonist-induced conformational changes in the receptors, leading to activation of the heterotrimeric G proteins, which consist of the guanine nucleotide-binding G-alpha subunit and the dimeric G-beta-gamma subunits. The activated G proteins then bind to and activate numerous downstream effector proteins, which generate second messengers that mediate a broad range of cellular and physiological processes. However, some 7TM receptors, such as the type 1 microbial rhodopsins, do not activate G proteins. Based on sequence similarity, GPCRs can be divided into six major classes: class A (the rhodopsin-like family), class B (the Methuselah-like, adhesion and secretin-like receptor family), class C (the metabotropic glutamate receptor family), class D (the fungal mating pheromone receptors), class E (the cAMP receptor family), and class F (the frizzled/smoothened receptor family). Nearly 800 human GPCR genes have been identified and are involved essentially in all major physiological processes. Approximately 40% of clinically marketed drugs mediate their effects through modulation of GPCR function for the treatment of a variety of human diseases including bacterial infections. The actual alignment was detected with superfamily member cd15279: Pssm-ID: 475119 Cd Length: 248 Bit Score: 358.69 E-value: 5.26e-125
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| Name | Accession | Description | Interval | E-value | |||||
| 7tmC_RAIG1_4_GPRC5A_D | cd15279 | retinoic acid-inducible orphan G-protein-coupled receptors 1 and 4; class C family of ... |
21-267 | 5.26e-125 | |||||
retinoic acid-inducible orphan G-protein-coupled receptors 1 and 4; class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors, group 5, member A and D; Retinoic acid-inducible G-protein-coupled receptors (RAIGs), also referred to as GPCR class C group 5, are a group consisting of four orphan receptors RAIG1 (GPRC5A), RAIG2 (GPRC5B), RAIG3 (GPRC5C), and RAIG4 (GPRC5D). Unlike other members of the class C GPCRs which contain a large N-terminal extracellular domain, RAIGs have a shorter N-terminus. Thus, it is unlikely that RAIGs bind an agonist at its N-terminus domain. Instead, the agonists may bind to the seven-transmembrane domain of these receptors. In addition, RAIG2 and RAIG3 contain a cleavable signal peptide whereas RAIG1 and RAIG4 do not. Although their expression is induced by retinoic acid (vitamin A analog), their biological function is not clearly understood. To date, no ligand is known for the members of RAIG family. Three receptor types (RAIG1-3) are found in vertebrates, while RAIG4 is only present in mammals. They show distinct tissue distribution with RAIG1 being primarily expressed in the lung, RAIG2 in the brain and placenta, RAIG3 in the brain, kidney and liver, and RAIG4 in the skin. RAIG1 is evolutionarily conserved from mammals to fish. RAIG1 has been to shown to act as a tumor suppressor in non-small cell lung carcinoma as well as oral squamous cell carcinoma, but it could also act as an oncogene in breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and pancreatic cancer. Studies have shown that overexpression of RAIG1 decreases intracellular cAMP levels. Moreover, knocking out RAIG1 induces the activation of the NF-kB and STAT3 signaling pathways leading to cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. The specific function of RAIG4 is unknown; however, this protein may play a role in mediating the effects of retinoic acid on embryogenesis, differentiation, and tumorigenesis through interaction with a G-protein signaling cascade. Pssm-ID: 320406 Cd Length: 248 Bit Score: 358.69 E-value: 5.26e-125
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| 7tm_3 | pfam00003 | 7 transmembrane sweet-taste receptor of 3 GCPR; This is a domain of seven transmembrane ... |
16-261 | 1.61e-14 | |||||
7 transmembrane sweet-taste receptor of 3 GCPR; This is a domain of seven transmembrane regions that forms the C-terminus of some subclass 3 G-coupled-protein receptors. It is often associated with a downstream cysteine-rich linker domain, NCD3G pfam07562, which is the human sweet-taste receptor, and the N-terminal domain, ANF_receptor pfam01094. The seven TM regions assemble in such a way as to produce a docking pocket into which such molecules as cyclamate and lactisole have been found to bind and consequently confer the taste of sweetness. Pssm-ID: 459626 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 247 Bit Score: 72.31 E-value: 1.61e-14
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| Name | Accession | Description | Interval | E-value | |||||
| 7tmC_RAIG1_4_GPRC5A_D | cd15279 | retinoic acid-inducible orphan G-protein-coupled receptors 1 and 4; class C family of ... |
21-267 | 5.26e-125 | |||||
retinoic acid-inducible orphan G-protein-coupled receptors 1 and 4; class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors, group 5, member A and D; Retinoic acid-inducible G-protein-coupled receptors (RAIGs), also referred to as GPCR class C group 5, are a group consisting of four orphan receptors RAIG1 (GPRC5A), RAIG2 (GPRC5B), RAIG3 (GPRC5C), and RAIG4 (GPRC5D). Unlike other members of the class C GPCRs which contain a large N-terminal extracellular domain, RAIGs have a shorter N-terminus. Thus, it is unlikely that RAIGs bind an agonist at its N-terminus domain. Instead, the agonists may bind to the seven-transmembrane domain of these receptors. In addition, RAIG2 and RAIG3 contain a cleavable signal peptide whereas RAIG1 and RAIG4 do not. Although their expression is induced by retinoic acid (vitamin A analog), their biological function is not clearly understood. To date, no ligand is known for the members of RAIG family. Three receptor types (RAIG1-3) are found in vertebrates, while RAIG4 is only present in mammals. They show distinct tissue distribution with RAIG1 being primarily expressed in the lung, RAIG2 in the brain and placenta, RAIG3 in the brain, kidney and liver, and RAIG4 in the skin. RAIG1 is evolutionarily conserved from mammals to fish. RAIG1 has been to shown to act as a tumor suppressor in non-small cell lung carcinoma as well as oral squamous cell carcinoma, but it could also act as an oncogene in breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and pancreatic cancer. Studies have shown that overexpression of RAIG1 decreases intracellular cAMP levels. Moreover, knocking out RAIG1 induces the activation of the NF-kB and STAT3 signaling pathways leading to cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. The specific function of RAIG4 is unknown; however, this protein may play a role in mediating the effects of retinoic acid on embryogenesis, differentiation, and tumorigenesis through interaction with a G-protein signaling cascade. Pssm-ID: 320406 Cd Length: 248 Bit Score: 358.69 E-value: 5.26e-125
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| 7tmC_RAIG_GPRC5 | cd15043 | retinoic acid-inducible orphan G-protein-coupled receptors; class C family of ... |
22-262 | 6.65e-59 | |||||
retinoic acid-inducible orphan G-protein-coupled receptors; class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors, group 5; Retinoic acid-inducible G-protein-coupled receptors (RAIGs), also referred to as GPCR class C group 5, are a group consisting of four orphan receptors RAIG1 (GPRC5A), RAIG2 (GPRC5B), RAIG3 (GPRC5C), and RAIG4 (GPRC5D). Unlike other members of the class C GPCRs which contain a large N-terminal extracellular domain, RAIGs have a shorter N-terminus. Thus, it is unlikely that RAIGs bind an agonist at its N-terminus domain. Instead, agonists may bind to the seven-transmembrane domain of these receptors. In addition, RAIG2 and RAIG3 contain a cleavable signal peptide whereas RAIG1 and RAIG4 do not. Although their expression is induced by retinoic acid (vitamin A analog), their biological function is not clearly understood. To date, no ligand is known for the members of RAIG family. Three receptor types (RAIG1-3) are found in vertebrates, while RAIG4 is only present in mammals. They show distinct tissue distribution with RAIG1 being primarily expressed in the lung, RAIG2 in the brain and placenta, RAIG3 in the brain, kidney and liver, and RAIG4 in the skin. RAIG1 is evolutionarily conserved from mammals to fish. RAIG1 has been to shown to act as a tumor suppressor in non-small cell lung carcinoma as well as oral squamous cell carcinoma, but it could also act as an oncogene in breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and pancreatic cancer. Studies have shown that overexpression of RAIG1 decreases intracellular cAMP levels. Moreover, knocking out RAIG1 induces the activation of the NF-kB and STAT3 signaling pathways leading to cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. RAIG2 (GPRC5B), a mammalian Boss (Bride of sevenless) homolog, activates obesity-associated inflammatory signaling in adipocytes, and GPRC5B knockout mice show resistance to high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. The specific functions of RAIG3 and RAIG4 are unknown; however, they may play roles in mediating the effects of retinoic acid on embryogenesis, differentiation, and tumorigenesis through interactions with G-protein signaling pathways. Pssm-ID: 320171 Cd Length: 248 Bit Score: 190.47 E-value: 6.65e-59
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| 7tmC_RAIG3_GPRC5C | cd15277 | retinoic acid-inducible orphan G-protein-coupled receptor 3; class C family of ... |
22-267 | 9.49e-51 | |||||
retinoic acid-inducible orphan G-protein-coupled receptor 3; class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors, group 5, member C; Retinoic acid-inducible G-protein-coupled receptors (RAIGs), also referred to as GPCR class C group 5, are a group consisting of four orphan receptors RAIG1 (GPRC5A), RAIG2 (GPRC5B), RAIG3 (GPRC5C), and RAIG4 (GPRC5D). Unlike other members of the class C GPCRs which contain a large N-terminal extracellular domain, RAIGs have a shorter N-terminus. Thus, it is unlikely that RAIGs bind an agonist at its N-terminus domain. Instead, the agonists may bind to the seven-transmembrane domain of these receptors. In addition, RAIG2 and RAIG3 contain a cleavable signal peptide whereas RAIG1 and RAIG4 do not. Although their expression is induced by retinoic acid (vitamin A analog), their biological function is not clearly understood. To date, no ligand is known for the members of RAIG family. Three receptor types (RAIG1-3) are found in vertebrates, while RAIG4 is only present in mammals. They show distinct tissue distribution with RAIG1 being primarily expressed in the lung, RAIG2 in the brain and placenta, RAIG3 in the brain, kidney and liver, and RAIG4 in the skin. The specific function of RAIG3 is unknown; however, this protein may play a role in mediating the effects of retinoic acid on embryogenesis, differentiation, and tumorigenesis through interaction with a G-protein signaling cascade. Pssm-ID: 320404 Cd Length: 250 Bit Score: 169.15 E-value: 9.49e-51
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| 7tmC_RAIG2_GPRC5B | cd15278 | retinoic acid-inducible orphan G-protein-coupled receptor 2; class C family of ... |
22-261 | 7.19e-44 | |||||
retinoic acid-inducible orphan G-protein-coupled receptor 2; class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors, group 5, member B; Retinoic acid-inducible G-protein-coupled receptors (RAIGs), also referred to as GPCR class C group 5, are a group consisting of four orphan receptors RAIG1 (GPRC5A), RAIG2 (GPRC5B), RAIG3 (GPRC5C), and RAIG4 (GPRC5D). Unlike other members of the class C GPCRs which contain a large N-terminal extracellular domain, RAIGs have a shorter N-terminus. Thus, it is unlikely that RAIGs bind an agonist at its N-terminus domain. Instead, the agonists may bind to the seven-transmembrane domain of these receptors. In addition, RAIG2 and RAIG3 contain a cleavable signal peptide whereas RAIG1 and RAIG4 do not. Although their expression is induced by retinoic acid (vitamin A analog), their biological function is not clearly understood. To date, no ligand is known for the members of RAIG family. Three receptor types (RAIG1-3) are found in vertebrates, while RAIG4 is only present in mammals. They show distinct tissue distribution with RAIG1 being primarily expressed in the lung, RAIG2 in the brain and placenta, RAIG3 in the brain, kidney and liver, and RAIG4 in the skin. RAIG2 (GPRC5B), a mammalian Boss (Bride of sevenless) homolog, has been shown to activate obesity-associated inflammatory signaling in adipocytes, and that the GPRC5B knockout mice have been shown to be resistance to high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Pssm-ID: 320405 Cd Length: 244 Bit Score: 151.12 E-value: 7.19e-44
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| 7tm_3 | pfam00003 | 7 transmembrane sweet-taste receptor of 3 GCPR; This is a domain of seven transmembrane ... |
16-261 | 1.61e-14 | |||||
7 transmembrane sweet-taste receptor of 3 GCPR; This is a domain of seven transmembrane regions that forms the C-terminus of some subclass 3 G-coupled-protein receptors. It is often associated with a downstream cysteine-rich linker domain, NCD3G pfam07562, which is the human sweet-taste receptor, and the N-terminal domain, ANF_receptor pfam01094. The seven TM regions assemble in such a way as to produce a docking pocket into which such molecules as cyclamate and lactisole have been found to bind and consequently confer the taste of sweetness. Pssm-ID: 459626 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 247 Bit Score: 72.31 E-value: 1.61e-14
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| 7tm_classC_mGluR-like | cd13953 | metabotropic glutamate receptor-like class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled ... |
21-267 | 1.89e-12 | |||||
metabotropic glutamate receptor-like class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors superfamily; The class C GPCRs consist of glutamate receptors (mGluR1-8), the extracellular calcium-sensing receptors (caSR), the gamma-amino-butyric acid type B receptors (GABA-B), the vomeronasal type-2 pheromone receptors (V2R), the type 1 taste receptors (TAS1R), and the promiscuous L-alpha-amino acid receptor (GPRC6A), as well as several orphan receptors. Structurally, these receptors are typically composed of a large extracellular domain containing a Venus flytrap module which possesses the orthosteric agonist-binding site, a cysteine-rich domain (CRD) with the exception of GABA-B receptors, and the seven-transmembrane domains responsible for G protein activation. Moreover, the Venus flytrap module shows high structural homology with bacterial periplasmic amino acid-binding proteins, which serve as primary receptors in transport of a variety of soluble substrates such as amino acids and polysaccharides, among many others. The class C GPCRs exist as either homo- or heterodimers, which are essential for their function. The GABA-B1 and GABA-B2 receptors form a heterodimer via interactions between the N-terminal Venus flytrap modules and the C-terminal coiled-coiled domains. On the other hand, heterodimeric CaSRs and Tas1Rs and homodimeric mGluRs utilize Venus flytrap interactions and intermolecular disulphide bonds between cysteine residues located in the cysteine-rich domain (CRD), which can also acts as a molecular link to mediate the signal between the Venus flytrap and the 7TMs. Furthermore, members of the class C GPCRs bind a variety of endogenous ligands, ranging from amino acids, ions, to pheromones and sugar molecules, and play important roles in many physiological processes such as synaptic transmission, calcium homeostasis, and the sensation of sweet and umami tastes. Pssm-ID: 320091 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 251 Bit Score: 66.11 E-value: 1.89e-12
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