RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in vertebrate RNA binding protein fox-1 homologs and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of several tissue-specific alternative splicing isoforms of vertebrate RNA binding protein Fox-1 homologs, which show high sequence similarity to the Caenorhabditis elegans feminizing locus on X (Fox-1) gene encoding Fox-1 protein. RNA binding protein Fox-1 homolog 1 (RBFOX1), also termed ataxin-2-binding protein 1 (A2BP1), or Fox-1 homolog A, or hexaribonucleotide-binding protein 1 (HRNBP1), is predominantly expressed in neurons, skeletal muscle and heart. It regulates alternative splicing of tissue-specific exons by binding to UGCAUG elements. Moreover, RBFOX1 binds to the C-terminus of ataxin-2 and forms an ataxin-2/A2BP1 complex involved in RNA processing. RNA binding protein fox-1 homolog 2 (RBFOX2), also termed Fox-1 homolog B, or hexaribonucleotide-binding protein 2 (HRNBP2), or RNA-binding motif protein 9 (RBM9), or repressor of tamoxifen transcriptional activity, is expressed in ovary, whole embryo, and human embryonic cell lines in addition to neurons and muscle. RBFOX2 activates splicing of neuron-specific exons through binding to downstream UGCAUG elements. RBFOX2 also functions as a repressor of tamoxifen activation of the estrogen receptor. RNA binding protein Fox-1 homolog 3 (RBFOX3 or NeuN or HRNBP3), also termed Fox-1 homolog C, is a nuclear RNA-binding protein that regulates alternative splicing of the RBFOX2 pre-mRNA, producing a message encoding a dominant negative form of the RBFOX2 protein. Its message is detected exclusively in post-mitotic regions of embryonic brain. Like RBFOX1, both RBFOX2 and RBFOX3 bind to the hexanucleotide UGCAUG elements and modulate brain and muscle-specific splicing of exon EIIIB of fibronectin, exon N1 of c-src, and calcitonin/CGRP. Members in this family also harbor one RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 2451183841 115 KRLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNERGSKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEVNNAT 190
Cdd:cd12407     1 KRLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGTILDVEIIFNERGSKGFGFVTFANSADADRAREKLNGTVVEGRKIEVNNAT 76

LPXTG-anchored aggregation substance; Aggregation substances, as described in Enterococcus, are LPXTG-anchored large surface proteins that contribute to virulence. Several closely related paralogs may be found in a single strain.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2451183841   11 NQEAAAAPDTMAQPYASAQFAPPQNGipAEYTaphphpapeytgqTTVPDHTLNLYPPTqTHSEQSAdtSAQTVSGTATT 90
Cdd:NF033875    74 SEEATVQKDTTSQPTKVEEVASEKNG--AEQS-------------SATPNDTTNAQQPT-VGAEKSA--QEQPVVSPETT 135

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2451183841   91 DDAAptdGQP-QTQPSENTESKSqpkrlhvSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKilDVEIIFNERGSKGFGFVTFENSADADR 169
Cdd:NF033875   136 NEPL---GQPtEVAPAENEANKS-------TSIPKEFETPDVDKAVDEAKK--DPNITVVEKPAEDLGNVSSKDLAAKEK 203

                   ....*.
gi 2451183841  170 AREKLH 175
Cdd:NF033875   204 EVDQLQ 209

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in vertebrate RNA binding protein fox-1 homologs and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of several tissue-specific alternative splicing isoforms of vertebrate RNA binding protein Fox-1 homologs, which show high sequence similarity to the Caenorhabditis elegans feminizing locus on X (Fox-1) gene encoding Fox-1 protein. RNA binding protein Fox-1 homolog 1 (RBFOX1), also termed ataxin-2-binding protein 1 (A2BP1), or Fox-1 homolog A, or hexaribonucleotide-binding protein 1 (HRNBP1), is predominantly expressed in neurons, skeletal muscle and heart. It regulates alternative splicing of tissue-specific exons by binding to UGCAUG elements. Moreover, RBFOX1 binds to the C-terminus of ataxin-2 and forms an ataxin-2/A2BP1 complex involved in RNA processing. RNA binding protein fox-1 homolog 2 (RBFOX2), also termed Fox-1 homolog B, or hexaribonucleotide-binding protein 2 (HRNBP2), or RNA-binding motif protein 9 (RBM9), or repressor of tamoxifen transcriptional activity, is expressed in ovary, whole embryo, and human embryonic cell lines in addition to neurons and muscle. RBFOX2 activates splicing of neuron-specific exons through binding to downstream UGCAUG elements. RBFOX2 also functions as a repressor of tamoxifen activation of the estrogen receptor. RNA binding protein Fox-1 homolog 3 (RBFOX3 or NeuN or HRNBP3), also termed Fox-1 homolog C, is a nuclear RNA-binding protein that regulates alternative splicing of the RBFOX2 pre-mRNA, producing a message encoding a dominant negative form of the RBFOX2 protein. Its message is detected exclusively in post-mitotic regions of embryonic brain. Like RBFOX1, both RBFOX2 and RBFOX3 bind to the hexanucleotide UGCAUG elements and modulate brain and muscle-specific splicing of exon EIIIB of fibronectin, exon N1 of c-src, and calcitonin/CGRP. Members in this family also harbor one RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 2451183841 115 KRLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNERGSKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEVNNAT 190
Cdd:cd12407     1 KRLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGTILDVEIIFNERGSKGFGFVTFANSADADRAREKLNGTVVEGRKIEVNNAT 76

RNA recognition motif (RRM) domain [Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis];

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2451183841 115 KRLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFN-ERG-SKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEVNNATAR 192
Cdd:COG0724     2 MKIYVGNLPYSVTEEDLRELFSEYGEVTSVKLITDrETGrSRGFGFVEMPDDEEAQAAIEALNGAELMGRTLKVNEARPR 81

RNA recognition motif. (a.k.a. RRM, RBD, or RNP domain); The RRM motif is probably diagnostic of an RNA binding protein. RRMs are found in a variety of RNA binding proteins, including various hnRNP proteins, proteins implicated in regulation of alternative splicing, and protein components of snRNPs. The motif also appears in a few single stranded DNA binding proteins. The RRM structure consists of four strands and two helices arranged in an alpha/beta sandwich, with a third helix present during RNA binding in some cases The C-terminal beta strand (4th strand) and final helix are hard to align and have been omitted in the SEED alignment The LA proteins have an N terminal rrm which is included in the seed. There is a second region towards the C terminus that has some features characteriztic of a rrm but does not appear to have the important structural core of a rrm. The LA proteins are one of the main autoantigens in Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 2451183841 119 VSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNERG-SKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIE 185
Cdd:pfam00076   3 VGNLPPDTTEEDLKDLFSKFGPIKSIRLVRDETGrSKGFAFVEFEDEEDAEKAIEALNGKELGGRELK 70

glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 4; Provisional

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 2451183841 116 RLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFN-ERG-SKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEVNNATAR 192
Cdd:PLN03134   36 KLFIGGLSWGTDDASLRDAFAHFGDVVDAKVIVDrETGrSRGFGFVNFNDEGAATAAISEMDGKELNGRHIRVNPANDR 114

ELAV/HuD family splicing factor; This model describes the ELAV/HuD subfamily of splicing factors found in metazoa. HuD stands for the human paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen D of which there are 4 variants in human. ELAV stnds for the Drosophila Embryonic lethal abnormal visual protein. ELAV-like splicing factors are also known in human as HuB (ELAV-like protein 2), HuC (ELAV-like protein 3, Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration-associated antigen) and HuR (ELAV-like protein 1). These genes are most closely related to the sex-lethal subfamily of splicing factors found in Dipteran insects (TIGR01659). These proteins contain 3 RNA-recognition motifs (rrm: pfam00076).

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2451183841  11 NQEAAAAPDTMaQPYASAQFAPPQNGIPAEYTAPHPHPAPEYTGQTTV-PDHTLNL-YPPTQTHSEQSADTSAQTVSGTA 88
Cdd:TIGR01661 169 NNPSSSNSKGL-LSQLEAVQNPQTTRVPLSTILTAAGIGPMHHAAARFrPSAGDFTaVLAHQQQQHAVAQQHAAQRASPP 247

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2451183841  89 TTDDAAPTDGQPQTQPSENTESKSqpkrLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEII--FNERGSKGFGFVTFENSAD 166
Cdd:TIGR01661 248 ATDGQTAGLAAGAQISASDGAGYC----IFVYNLSPDTDETVLWQLFGPFGAVQNVKIIrdLTTNQCKGYGFVSMTNYDE 323

                         170       180
                  ....*....|....*....|
gi 2451183841 167 ADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEV 186
Cdd:TIGR01661 324 AAMAILSLNGYTLGNRVLQV 343

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in vertebrate RNA binding protein fox-1 homologs and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of several tissue-specific alternative splicing isoforms of vertebrate RNA binding protein Fox-1 homologs, which show high sequence similarity to the Caenorhabditis elegans feminizing locus on X (Fox-1) gene encoding Fox-1 protein. RNA binding protein Fox-1 homolog 1 (RBFOX1), also termed ataxin-2-binding protein 1 (A2BP1), or Fox-1 homolog A, or hexaribonucleotide-binding protein 1 (HRNBP1), is predominantly expressed in neurons, skeletal muscle and heart. It regulates alternative splicing of tissue-specific exons by binding to UGCAUG elements. Moreover, RBFOX1 binds to the C-terminus of ataxin-2 and forms an ataxin-2/A2BP1 complex involved in RNA processing. RNA binding protein fox-1 homolog 2 (RBFOX2), also termed Fox-1 homolog B, or hexaribonucleotide-binding protein 2 (HRNBP2), or RNA-binding motif protein 9 (RBM9), or repressor of tamoxifen transcriptional activity, is expressed in ovary, whole embryo, and human embryonic cell lines in addition to neurons and muscle. RBFOX2 activates splicing of neuron-specific exons through binding to downstream UGCAUG elements. RBFOX2 also functions as a repressor of tamoxifen activation of the estrogen receptor. RNA binding protein Fox-1 homolog 3 (RBFOX3 or NeuN or HRNBP3), also termed Fox-1 homolog C, is a nuclear RNA-binding protein that regulates alternative splicing of the RBFOX2 pre-mRNA, producing a message encoding a dominant negative form of the RBFOX2 protein. Its message is detected exclusively in post-mitotic regions of embryonic brain. Like RBFOX1, both RBFOX2 and RBFOX3 bind to the hexanucleotide UGCAUG elements and modulate brain and muscle-specific splicing of exon EIIIB of fibronectin, exon N1 of c-src, and calcitonin/CGRP. Members in this family also harbor one RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 2451183841 115 KRLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNERGSKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEVNNAT 190
Cdd:cd12407     1 KRLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGTILDVEIIFNERGSKGFGFVTFANSADADRAREKLNGTVVEGRKIEVNNAT 76

RNA recognition motif (RRM) domain [Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis];

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2451183841 115 KRLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFN-ERG-SKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEVNNATAR 192
Cdd:COG0724     2 MKIYVGNLPYSVTEEDLRELFSEYGEVTSVKLITDrETGrSRGFGFVEMPDDEEAQAAIEALNGAELMGRTLKVNEARPR 81

RNA recognition motif;

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 2451183841  116 RLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNE--RGSKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEV 186
Cdd:smart00360   1 TLFVGNLPPDTTEEELRELFSKFGKVESVRLVRDKetGKSKGFAFVEFESEEDAEKALEALNGKELDGRPLKV 73

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in RNA-binding protein 28 (RBM28) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of RBM28 and Nop4p. RBM28 is a specific nucleolar component of the spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), possibly coordinating their transition through the nucleolus. It specifically associates with U1, U2, U4, U5, and U6 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and may play a role in the maturation of both small nuclear and ribosomal RNAs. RBM28 has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an extremely acidic region between RRM2 and RRM3. The family also includes nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p or Nop77p) encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p also contains four RRMs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 2451183841 116 RLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNERG-SKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEV 186
Cdd:cd12414     1 RLIVRNLPFKCTEDDLKKLFSKFGKVLEVTIPKKPDGkLRGFAFVQFTNVADAAKAIKGMNGKKIKGRPVAV 72

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in AZoospermia (DAZ) autosomal homologs, DAZL (DAZ-like) and BOULE; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain of two Deleted in AZoospermia (DAZ) autosomal homologs, DAZL (DAZ-like) and BOULE. BOULE is the founder member of the family and DAZL arose from BOULE in an ancestor of vertebrates. The DAZ gene subsequently originated from a duplication transposition of the DAZL gene. Invertebrates contain a single DAZ homolog, BOULE, while vertebrates, other than catarrhine primates, possess both BOULE and DAZL genes. The catarrhine primates possess BOULE, DAZL, and DAZ genes. The family members encode closely related RNA-binding proteins that are required for fertility in numerous organisms. These proteins contain an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a varying number of copies of a DAZ motif, believed to mediate protein-protein interactions. DAZL and BOULE contain a single copy of the DAZ motif, while DAZ proteins can contain 8-24 copies of this repeat. Although their specific biochemical functions remain to be investigated, DAZL proteins may interact with poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), and act as translational activators of specific mRNAs during gametogenesis.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 2451183841 114 PKRLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNERG-SKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEVNNA 189
Cdd:cd12412     2 PNRIFVGGIDWDTTEEELREFFSKFGKVKDVKIIKDRAGvSKGYGFVTFETQEDAEKIQKWGANLVFKGKKLNVGPA 78

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in transformer-2 protein homolog TRA2-alpha, TRA2-beta and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of two mammalian homologs of Drosophila transformer-2 (Tra2), TRA2-alpha, TRA2-beta (also termed SFRS10), and similar proteins found in eukaryotes. TRA2-alpha is a 40-kDa serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein that specifically binds to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) exonic splicing enhancer on exon 4 (ESE4) and is necessary for enhanced GnRH pre-mRNA splicing. It strongly stimulates GnRH intron A excision in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, TRA2-alpha can interact with either 9G8 or SRp30c, which may also be crucial for ESE-dependent GnRH pre-mRNA splicing. TRA2-beta is a serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein that controls the pre-mRNA alternative splicing of the calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) protein and the tau protein. Both, TRA2-alpha and TRA2-beta, contains a well conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), flanked by the N- and C-terminal arginine/serine (RS)-rich regions.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 2451183841 130 DLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNERG--SKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEV 186
Cdd:cd12363    17 DLREVFSRYGPIEKVQVVYDQQTgrSRGFGFVYFESVEDAKEAKERLNGQEIDGRRIRV 75

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in CELF/Bruno-like family of RNA binding proteins CELF1, CELF2, CELF3, CELF4, CELF5, CELF6 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like) proteins, a family of structurally related RNA-binding proteins involved in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing in the nucleus and in the control of mRNA translation and deadenylation in the cytoplasm. The family contains six members: CELF-1 (also termed BRUNOL-2, or CUG-BP1, or NAPOR, or EDEN-BP), CELF-2 (also termed BRUNOL-3, or ETR-3, or CUG-BP2, or NAPOR-2), CELF-3 (also termed BRUNOL-1, or TNRC4, or ETR-1, or CAGH4, or ER DA4), CELF-4 (also termed BRUNOL-4), CELF-5 (also termed BRUNOL-5), CELF-6 (also termed BRUNOL-6). They all contain three highly conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the protein. The low sequence conservation of the linker region is highly suggestive of a large variety in the co-factors that associate with the various CELF family members. Based on both sequence similarity and function, the CELF family can be divided into two subfamilies, the first containing CELFs 1 and 2, and the second containing CELFs 3, 4, 5, and 6. The different CELF proteins may act through different sites on at least some substrates. Furthermore, CELF proteins may interact with each other in varying combinations to influence alternative splicing in different contexts.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 2451183841 117 LHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIF--NERGSKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEVN 187
Cdd:cd12362     1 LFVYHLPNEFTDQDLYQLFAPFGNVVSAKVFVdkNTGRSKGFGFVSYDNPLSAQAAIKAMNGFQVGGKRLKVQ 73

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in RNA-binding protein 19 (RBM19) and RNA recognition motif 2 found in multiple RNA-binding domain-containing protein 1 (MRD1); This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of RBM19 and RRM2 of MRD1. RBM19, also termed RNA-binding domain-1 (RBD-1), is a nucleolar protein conserved in eukaryotes involved in ribosome biogenesis by processing rRNA and is essential for preimplantation development. It has a unique domain organization containing 6 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). MRD1 is encoded by a novel yeast gene MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is well conserved in yeast and its homologs exist in all eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). It is essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2 cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. MRD1 contains 5 conserved RRMs, which may play an important structural role in organizing specific rRNA processing events.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 2451183841 116 RLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNERG--SKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEV 186
Cdd:cd12316     1 RLFVRNLPFTATEDELRELFEAFGKISEVHIPLDKQTkrSKGFAFVLFVIPEDAVKAYQELDGSIFQGRLLHV 73

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast multiple RNA-binding domain-containing protein 1 (MRD1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of MRD1 which is encoded by a novel yeast gene MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is well-conserved in yeast and its homologs exist in all eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). MRD1 is essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2 cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. It contains 5 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), which may play an important structural role in organizing specific rRNA processing events.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 2451183841 116 RLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNERG-SKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEV 186
Cdd:cd12565     2 RIIVKNLPKYVTEKRLKEHFSKKGEITDVKVMRTKDGkSRRFGFIGFKSEEEAQKAVKYFNKTFIDTSKISV 73

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in Helicobacter pylori HP0827 protein and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of H. pylori HP0827, a putative ssDNA-binding protein 12rnp2 precursor, containing one RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). The ssDNA binding may be important in activation of HP0827.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 2451183841 117 LHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFnERGS---KGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEVNNA 189
Cdd:cd12399     1 LYVGNLPYSASEEQLKSLFGQFGAVFDVKLPM-DRETkrpRGFGFVELQEEESAEKAIAKLDGTDFMGRTIRVNEA 75

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in eukaryotic RNA-binding protein 18 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RBM18, a putative RNA-binding protein containing a well-conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). The biological role of RBM18 remains unclear.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 2451183841 116 RLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNERG-----SKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEVNNA 189
Cdd:cd12355     1 RLWIGNLDPRLTEYHLLKLLSKYGKIKKFDFLFHKTGplkgqPRGYCFVTFETKEEAEKAIECLNGKLALGKKLVVRWA 79

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in Zinc finger CCHC-type and RNA-binding motif-containing protein 1 (ZCRB1) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of ZCRB1, also termed MADP-1, or U11/U12 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 31 kDa protein (U11/U12 snRNP 31 or U11/U12-31K), a novel multi-functional nuclear factor, which may be involved in morphine dependence, cold/heat stress, and hepatocarcinoma. It is located in the nucleoplasm, but outside the nucleolus. ZCRB1 is one of the components of U11/U12 snRNPs that bind to U12-type pre-mRNAs and form a di-snRNP complex, simultaneously recognizing the 5' splice site and branchpoint sequence. ZCRB1 is characterized by an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a CCHC-type Zinc finger motif. In addition, it contains core nucleocapsid motifs, and Lys- and Glu-rich domains.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 2451183841 117 LHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNE--RGSKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEV 186
Cdd:cd12393     4 VYVSNLPFSLTNNDLHQIFSKYGKVVKVTILKDKetRKSKGVAFVLFLDRESAHNAVRAMNNKELFGRTLKC 75

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T-cells 3 (SART3) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of SART3, also termed Tat-interacting protein of 110 kDa (Tip110), is an RNA-binding protein expressed in the nucleus of the majority of proliferating cells, including normal cells and malignant cells, but not in normal tissues except for the testes and fetal liver. It is involved in the regulation of mRNA splicing probably via its complex formation with RNA-binding protein with a serine-rich domain (RNPS1), a pre-mRNA-splicing factor. SART3 has also been identified as a nuclear Tat-interacting protein that regulates Tat transactivation activity through direct interaction and functions as an important cellular factor for HIV-1 gene expression and viral replication. In addition, SART3 is required for U6 snRNP targeting to Cajal bodies. It binds specifically and directly to the U6 snRNA, interacts transiently with the U6 and U4/U6 snRNPs, and promotes the reassembly of U4/U6 snRNPs after splicing in vitro. SART3 contains an N-terminal half-a-tetratricopeptide repeat (HAT)-rich domain, a nuclearlocalization signal (NLS) domain, and two C-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 2451183841 113 QPKRLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNERG-SKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEV 186
Cdd:cd12392     1 EKNKLFVKGLPFSCTKEELEELFKQHGTVKDVRLVTYRNGkPKGLAYVEYENEADASQAVLKTDGTEIKDHTISV 75

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in serine/arginine-rich splicing factor SRSF10, SRSF12 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of SRSF10 and SRSF12. SRSF10, also termed 40 kDa SR-repressor protein (SRrp40), or FUS-interacting serine-arginine-rich protein 1 (FUSIP1), or splicing factor SRp38, or splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 13A (SFRS13A), or TLS-associated protein with Ser-Arg repeats (TASR). It is a serine-arginine (SR) protein that acts as a potent and general splicing repressor when dephosphorylated. It mediates global inhibition of splicing both in M phase of the cell cycle and in response to heat shock. SRSF10 emerges as a modulator of cholesterol homeostasis through the regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) splicing efficiency. It also regulates cardiac-specific alternative splicing of triadin pre-mRNA and is required for proper Ca2+ handling during embryonic heart development. In contrast, the phosphorylated SRSF10 functions as a sequence-specific splicing activator in the presence of a nuclear cofactor. It activates distal alternative 5' splice site of adenovirus E1A pre-mRNA in vivo. Moreover, SRSF10 strengthens pre-mRNA recognition by U1 and U2 snRNPs. SRSF10 localizes to the nuclear speckles and can shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm. SRSF12, also termed 35 kDa SR repressor protein (SRrp35), or splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 13B (SFRS13B), or splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 19 (SFRS19), is a serine/arginine (SR) protein-like alternative splicing regulator that antagonizes authentic SR proteins in the modulation of alternative 5' splice site choice. For instance, it activates distal alternative 5' splice site of the adenovirus E1A pre-mRNA in vivo. Both, SRSF10 and SRSF12, contain a single N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), followed by a C-terminal RS domain rich in serine-arginine dipeptides.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 2451183841 115 KRLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEII--FNERGSKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEVNNA 189
Cdd:cd12312     1 TSLFVRNVADDTRPDDLRREFGRYGPIVDVYIPldFYTRRPRGFAYIQFEDVRDAEDALYYLDRTRFLGREIEIQFA 77

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) and 2 (RRM2) found in CELF/Bruno-like family of RNA binding proteins and plant flowering time control protein FCA; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 and RRM2 domains of the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) as well as plant flowering time control protein FCA. CELF, also termed BRUNOL (Bruno-like) proteins, is a family of structurally related RNA-binding proteins involved in regulation of pre-mRNA splicing in the nucleus, and control of mRNA translation and deadenylation in the cytoplasm. The family contains six members: CELF-1 (also known as BRUNOL-2, CUG-BP1, NAPOR, EDEN-BP), CELF-2 (also known as BRUNOL-3, ETR-3, CUG-BP2, NAPOR-2), CELF-3 (also known as BRUNOL-1, TNRC4, ETR-1, CAGH4, ER DA4), CELF-4 (BRUNOL-4), CELF-5 (BRUNOL-5) and CELF-6 (BRUNOL-6). They all contain three highly conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the protein. The low sequence conservation of the linker region is highly suggestive of a large variety in the co-factors that associate with the various CELF family members. Based on both, sequence similarity and function, the CELF family can be divided into two subfamilies, the first containing CELFs 1 and 2, and the second containing CELFs 3, 4, 5, and 6. The different CELF proteins may act through different sites on at least some substrates. Furthermore, CELF proteins may interact with each other in varying combinations to influence alternative splicing in different contexts. This subfamily also includes plant flowering time control protein FCA that functions in the posttranscriptional regulation of transcripts involved in the flowering process. FCA contains two RRMs, and a WW protein interaction domain.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 2451183841 116 RLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEII--FNERGSKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVV 179
Cdd:cd12361     1 KLFVGMIPKTASEEDVRPLFEQFGNIEEVQILrdKQTGQSKGCAFVTFSTREEALRAIEALHNKKT 66

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in protein BOULE; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of BOULE, the founder member of the human DAZ gene family. Invertebrates contain a single BOULE, while vertebrates, other than catarrhine primates, possess both BOULE and DAZL genes. The catarrhine primates possess BOULE, DAZL, and DAZ genes. BOULE encodes an RNA-binding protein containing an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a single copy of the DAZ motif. Although its specific biochemical functions remains to be investigated, BOULE protein may interact with poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), and act as translational activators of specific mRNAs during gametogenesis.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 2451183841 114 PKRLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNERG-SKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEVNNA 189
Cdd:cd12673     2 PNRIFVGGIDFKTNENDLRKFFAQYGSVKEVKIVNDRAGvSKGYGFITFETQEDAQKILQEAEKLNYKDKKLNIGPA 78

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNP M) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNP M), myelin expression factor 2 (MEF-2 or MyEF-2 or MST156) and similar proteins. hnRNP M is pre-mRNA binding protein that may play an important role in the pre-mRNA processing. It also preferentially binds to poly(G) and poly(U) RNA homopolymers. hnRNP M is able to interact with early spliceosomes, further influencing splicing patterns of specific pre-mRNAs. hnRNP M functions as the receptor of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) that contains the penta-peptide sequence PELPK signaling motif. In addition, hnRNP M and another splicing factor Nova-1 work together as dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) pre-mRNA-binding proteins. They regulate alternative splicing of D2R pre-mRNA in an antagonistic manner. hnRNP M contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an unusual hexapeptide-repeat region rich in methionine and arginine residues (MR repeat motif). MEF-2 is a sequence-specific single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding protein that binds specifically to ssDNA derived from the proximal (MB1) element of the myelin basic protein (MBP) promoter and represses transcription of the MBP gene. MEF-2 shows high sequence homology with hnRNP M. It also contains three RRMs, which may be responsible for its ssDNA binding activity.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 2451183841 119 VSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNERGSKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEV 186
Cdd:cd12387     3 VRNLPFDYTWQKLKDKFKDCGHVTFASIKMENGKSKGCGTVRFDSPEDAENACRMMNGSKQSGREIDV 70

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in RNA-binding protein 34 (RBM34) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of RBM34, a putative RNA-binding protein containing two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). Although the function of RBM34 remains unclear currently, its RRM domains may participate in mRNA processing. RBM34 may act as an mRNA processing-related protein.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 2451183841 119 VSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIfNERGS---KGFGFVTFENSADADRAReKLHGTVVEGRKIEV 186
Cdd:cd12395     4 VGNLPFDIEEEELRKHFEDCGDVEAVRIV-RDRETgigKGFGYVLFKDKDSVDLAL-KLNGSKLRGRKLRV 72

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in yeast negative growth regulatory protein NGR1 (RBP1), yeast protein NAM8 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of NGR1 and NAM8. NGR1, also termed RNA-binding protein RBP1, is a putative glucose-repressible protein that binds both RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) in yeast. It may function in regulating cell growth in early log phase, possibly through its participation in RNA metabolism. NGR1 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a glutamine-rich stretch that may be involved in transcriptional activity. In addition, NGR1 has an asparagine-rich region near the carboxyl terminus which also harbors a methionine-rich region. The family also includes protein NAM8, which is a putative RNA-binding protein that acts as a suppressor of mitochondrial splicing deficiencies when overexpressed in yeast. It may be a non-essential component of the mitochondrial splicing machinery. Like NGR1, NAM8 contains two RRMs.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 2451183841 128 DPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFnergSKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKI 184
Cdd:cd12346    15 EEDLRVLFGPFGEIVYVKIPP----GKGCGFVQFVNRASAEAAIQKLQGTPIGGSRI 67

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein HRB1, G-strand-binding protein 2 (GBP2) and similar proteins; The family includes Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein HRB1 (also called protein TOM34) and GBP2, both of which are SR-like mRNA-binding proteins which shuttle from the nucleus to the cytoplasm when bound to the mature mRNA molecules. They act as quality control factors for spliced mRNAs. GBP2, also called RAP1 localization factor 6, is a single-strand telomeric DNA-binding protein that binds single-stranded telomeric sequences of the type (TG[1-3])n in vitro. It also binds to RNA. GBP2 influences the localization of RAP1 in the nuclei and plays a role in modulating telomere length. Members in this family contain three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the first RRM motif.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 2451183841 119 VSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNERGSKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEV 186
Cdd:cd21605     6 VGNLPFDCTWEDLKDHFSQVGEVIRADIVTSRGRHRGMGTVEFTNKEDVDRAISKFDHTMFMGREIFV 73

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast nucleolar protein 3 (Npl3p) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of Npl3p, also termed mitochondrial targeting suppressor 1 protein, or nuclear polyadenylated RNA-binding protein 1. Npl3p is a major yeast RNA-binding protein that competes with 3'-end processing factors, such as Rna15, for binding to the nascent RNA, protecting the transcript from premature termination and coordinating transcription termination and the packaging of the fully processed transcript for export. It specifically recognizes a class of G/U-rich RNAs. Npl3p is a multi-domain protein containing two central RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), separated by a short linker and a C-terminal domain rich in glycine, arginine and serine residues.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 2451183841 116 RLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNErgskGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEV 186
Cdd:cd12340     1 RLFVRPFPPDTSESAIREIFSPYGPVKEVKMLSDS----NFAFVEFEELEDAIRAKDSVHGRVLNNEPLYV 67

RNA recognition motif 4 (RRM4) found in type I polyadenylate-binding proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM4 of type I poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), highly conserved proteins that bind to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in theThe CD corresponds to the RRM. regulation of poly(A) tail length during the polyadenylation reaction, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization by influencing the rate of deadenylation and inhibition of mRNA decapping. The family represents type I polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs), including polyadenylate-binding protein 1 (PABP-1 or PABPC1), polyadenylate-binding protein 3 (PABP-3 or PABPC3), polyadenylate-binding protein 4 (PABP-4 or APP-1 or iPABP), polyadenylate-binding protein 5 (PABP-5 or PABPC5), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like (PABP-1-like or PABPC1L), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like 2 (PABPC1L2 or RBM32), polyadenylate-binding protein 4-like (PABP-4-like or PABPC4L), yeast polyadenylate-binding protein, cytoplasmic and nuclear (PABP or ACBP-67), and similar proteins. PABP-1 is an ubiquitously expressed multifunctional protein that may play a role in 3' end formation of mRNA, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization, protection of poly(A) from nuclease activity, mRNA deadenylation, inhibition of mRNA decapping, and mRNP maturation. Although PABP-1 is thought to be a cytoplasmic protein, it is also found in the nucleus. PABP-1 may be involved in nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and utilization of mRNP particles. PABP-1 contains four copies of RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), a less well conserved linker region, and a proline-rich C-terminal conserved domain (CTD). PABP-3 is a testis-specific poly(A)-binding protein specifically expressed in round spermatids. It is mainly found in mammalian and may play an important role in the testis-specific regulation of mRNA homeostasis. PABP-3 shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1. However, it binds to poly(A) with a lower affinity than PABP-1. Moreover, PABP-1 possesses an A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR and allows binding of PABP and blockage of translation of its own mRNA. In contrast, PABP-3 lacks the A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR. PABP-4 is an inducible poly(A)-binding protein (iPABP) that is primarily localized to the cytoplasm. It shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1 as well. The RNA binding properties of PABP-1 and PABP-4 appear to be identical. PABP-5 is encoded by PABPC5 gene within the X-specific subinterval, and expressed in fetal brain and in a range of adult tissues in mammalian, such as ovary and testis. It may play an important role in germ cell development. Moreover, unlike other PABPs, PABP-5 contains only four RRMs, but lacks both the linker region and the CTD. PABP-1-like and PABP-1-like 2 are the orthologs of PABP-1. PABP-4-like is the ortholog of PABP-5. Their cellular functions remain unclear. The family also includes the yeast PABP, a conserved poly(A) binding protein containing poly(A) tails that can be attached to the 3'-ends of mRNAs. The yeast PABP and its homologs may play important roles in the initiation of translation and in mRNA decay. Like vertebrate PABP-1, the yeast PABP contains four RRMs, a linker region, and a proline-rich CTD as well. The first two RRMs are mainly responsible for specific binding to poly(A). The proline-rich region may be involved in protein-protein interactions.

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gi 2451183841 117 LHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNERG-SKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEVNNA 189
Cdd:cd12381     4 LYVKNLDDTIDDEKLREEFSPFGTITSAKVMTDEGGrSKGFGFVCFSSPEEATKAVTEMNGRIIGGKPLYVALA 77

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) and 2 (RRM2) found in RRM-containing coactivator activator/modulator (CoAA) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM in CoAA (also known as RBM14 or PSP2) and RNA-binding protein 4 (RBM4). CoAA is a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)-like protein identified as a nuclear receptor coactivator. It mediates transcriptional coactivation and RNA splicing effects in a promoter-preferential manner, and is enhanced by thyroid hormone receptor-binding protein (TRBP). CoAA contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a TRBP-interacting domain. RBM4 is a ubiquitously expressed splicing factor with two isoforms, RBM4A (also known as Lark homolog) and RBM4B (also known as RBM30), which are very similar in structure and sequence. RBM4 may also function as a translational regulator of stress-associated mRNAs as well as play a role in micro-RNA-mediated gene regulation. RBM4 contains two N-terminal RRMs, a CCHC-type zinc finger, and three alanine-rich regions within their C-terminal regions. This family also includes Drosophila RNA-binding protein lark (Dlark), a homolog of human RBM4. It plays an important role in embryonic development and in the circadian regulation of adult eclosion. Dlark shares high sequence similarity with RBM4 at the N-terminal region. However, Dlark has three proline-rich segments instead of three alanine-rich segments within the C-terminal region.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 2451183841 116 RLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIfnergsKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEV 186
Cdd:cd12343     1 KIFVGNLPDAATSEELRALFEKYGKVTECDIV------KNYAFVHMEKEEDAEDAIKALNGYEFMGSRINV 65

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast multiple RNA-binding domain-containing protein 1 (MRD1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of MRD1 which is encoded by a novel yeast gene MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is well-conserved in yeast and its homologs exist in all eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). It is essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2 cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. MRD1 contains 5 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), which may play an important structural role in organizing specific rRNA processing events.

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gi 2451183841 113 QPKRLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNERG--SKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEV 186
Cdd:cd12566     1 ETGRLFLRNLPYSTKEDDLQKLFSKFGEVSEVHVPIDKKTkkSKGFAYVLFLDPEDAVQAYNELDGKVFQGRLIHI 76

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of Nop4p (also known as Nop77p), encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 2451183841 116 RLHVSNIPFRFRDPD-LRQMFGQFGKILDVeIIFNERGSK--GFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEVNNA 189
Cdd:cd12675     2 KLIIRNLPWSIKKPVhLKKLFGRYGKVVEA-TIPRKKGGKlsGFAFVTMKGRKNAEEALESVNGLEIDGRPVAVDWA 77

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in the p54nrb/PSF/PSP1 family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of the p54nrb/PSF/PSP1 family, including 54 kDa nuclear RNA- and DNA-binding protein (p54nrb or NonO or NMT55), polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB)-associated-splicing factor (PSF or POMp100), paraspeckle protein 1 (PSP1 or PSPC1), which are ubiquitously expressed and are conserved in vertebrates. p54nrb is a multi-functional protein involved in numerous nuclear processes including transcriptional regulation, splicing, DNA unwinding, nuclear retention of hyperedited double-stranded RNA, viral RNA processing, control of cell proliferation, and circadian rhythm maintenance. PSF is also a multi-functional protein that binds RNA, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and many factors, and mediates diverse activities in the cell. PSP1 is a novel nucleolar factor that accumulates within a new nucleoplasmic compartment, termed paraspeckles, and diffusely distributes in the nucleoplasm. The cellular function of PSP1 remains unknown currently. This subfamily also includes some p54nrb/PSF/PSP1 homologs from invertebrate species, such as the Drosophila melanogaster gene no-ontransient A (nonA) encoding puff-specific protein Bj6 (also termed NONA) and Chironomus tentans hrp65 gene encoding protein Hrp65. D. melanogaster NONA is involved in eye development and behavior, and may play a role in circadian rhythm maintenance, similar to vertebrate p54nrb. C. tentans Hrp65 is a component of nuclear fibers associated with ribonucleoprotein particles in transit from the gene to the nuclear pore. All family members contain a DBHS domain (for Drosophila behavior, human splicing), which comprises two conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a charged protein-protein interaction module. PSF has an additional large N-terminal domain that differentiates it from other family members.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 2451183841 116 RLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVeiiFNERGsKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEV 186
Cdd:cd12332     3 RLFVGNLPNDITEEEFKELFQKYGEVSEV---FLNKG-KGFGFIRLDTRANAEAAKAELDGTPRKGRQLRV 69

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of two serine/arginine (SR) proteins, serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) and serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 7 (SRSF7). SRSF3, also termed pre-mRNA-splicing factor SRp20, modulates alternative splicing by interacting with RNA cis-elements in a concentration- and cell differentiation-dependent manner. It is also involved in termination of transcription, alternative RNA polyadenylation, RNA export, and protein translation. SRSF3 is critical for cell proliferation, and tumor induction and maintenance. It can shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm. SRSF7, also termed splicing factor 9G8, plays a crucial role in both constitutive splicing and alternative splicing of many pre-mRNAs. Its localization and functions are tightly regulated by phosphorylation. SRSF7 is predominantly present in the nuclear and can shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm. It cooperates with the export protein, Tap/NXF1, helps mRNA export to the cytoplasm, and enhances the expression of unspliced mRNA. Moreover, SRSF7 inhibits tau E10 inclusion through directly interacting with the proximal downstream intron of E10, a clustering region for frontotemporal dementia with Parkinsonism (FTDP) mutations. Both SRSF3 and SRSF7 contain a single N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a C-terminal RS domain rich in serine-arginine dipeptides. The RRM domain is involved in RNA binding, and the RS domain has been implicated in protein shuttling and protein-protein interactions.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 2451183841 116 RLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNergSKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEV 186
Cdd:cd12373     1 KVYVGNLGPRVTKRELEDAFEKYGPLRNVWVARN---PPGFAFVEFEDPRDAEDAVRALDGRRICGSRVRV 68

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in granule-associated RNA binding proteins p40-TIA-1 and TIAR; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of nucleolysin TIA-1 isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1 or TIA-1) and nucleolysin TIA-1-related protein (TIAR), both of which are granule-associated RNA binding proteins involved in inducing apoptosis in cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. TIA-1 and TIAR share high sequence similarity. They are expressed in a wide variety of cell types. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a serine/threonine kinase that is activated during Fas-mediated apoptosis. TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. Both, TIA-1 and TIAR, bind specifically to poly(A) but not to poly(C) homopolymers. They are composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 and TIAR interact with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and their RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs. The C-terminal auxiliary domain may be responsible for interacting with other proteins. In addition, TIA-1 and TIAR share a potential serine protease-cleavage site (Phe-Val-Arg) localized at the junction between their RNA binding domains and their C-terminal auxiliary domains.

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gi 2451183841 128 DPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEII-FNERG-SKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEVN 187
Cdd:cd12353    13 TEDLKEAFAPFGEISDARVVkDTQTGkSKGYGFVSFVKKEDAENAIQGMNGQWLGGRNIRTN 74

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of Nop4p (also known as Nop77p), encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2451183841 115 KRLHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGKILDVEIIFNERG--SKGFGFVTFENSADADRAREKLHGTVVEGRKIEVNNATAR 192
Cdd:cd12674     1 TTLFVRNLPFDVTLESLTDFFSDIGPVKHAVVVTDPETkkSRGYGFVSFSTHDDAEEALAKLKNRKLSGHILKLDFAKPR 80