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Conserved domains on  [gi|32451761|gb|AAH54726|]
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Calpain 2 [Mus musculus]

Protein Classification

Graphical summary

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List of domain hits

Name Accession Description Interval E-value
Peptidase_C2 pfam00648
Calpain family cysteine protease;
46-342 0e+00

Calpain family cysteine protease;


:

Pssm-ID: 459889 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 295  Bit Score: 569.83  E-value: 0e+00
                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761    46 FQDPSFPALPSSLGYKelgPYSSKTRGIEWKRPTEICADPQFIIGGATRTDICQGALGDCWLLAAIASLTLNEEILARVV 125
Cdd:pfam00648   1 FEDPEFPADDSSLGYP---PSPPPPRGVEWKRPKEICSNPQFIVDGASRFDICQGELGDCWLLAAIASLTLNPKLLERVV 77
                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761   126 PPDQSFQENYAGIFHFQFWQYGEWVEVVVDDRLPTKDGELLFVHSAEGSEFWSALLEKAYAKINGCYEALSGGATTEGFE 205
Cdd:pfam00648  78 PPDQSFEENYAGIFHFRFWRFGEWVDVVIDDRLPTRNGKLLFVHSRDKNEFWSALLEKAYAKLHGSYEALKGGSTSEALE 157
                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761   206 DFTGGIAEWYELRKPPPNLFKIIQKALEKGSLLGCSIDITSAADSEAVTYQKLVKGHAYSVTGAEEVESSGSLQKLIRIR 285
Cdd:pfam00648 158 DFTGGVAESYDLKEPPPNLFEILLKALERGSLMGCSIDATSAAEEEARTPNGLVKGHAYSVTGVRKVNLKGGKVRLIRLR 237
                         250       260       270       280       290
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 32451761   286 NPWGQVEWTGKWNDNCPSWNTVDPEVRANLTER-QEDGEFWMSFSDFLRHYSRLEICN 342
Cdd:pfam00648 238 NPWGEVEWNGAWSDGSPEWQTVSPEEKEELGLTkKDDGEFWMSFEDFLKYFTDLEICN 295
EFh_PEF_CAPN2 cd16199
Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in m-type calpain (CAPN2); CAPN2, also termed ...
533-700 2.38e-114

Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in m-type calpain (CAPN2); CAPN2, also termed millimolar-calpain (m-calpain), or calpain-2 catalytic subunit, or calcium-activated neutral proteinase 2 (CANP 2), or calpain large polypeptide L2, or calpain-2 large subunit, is a ubiquitously expressed 80-kDa Ca2+-dependent intracellular cysteine protease that contains a short N-terminal anchor helix, followed by a calpain cysteine protease (CysPc) domain, a C2-domain-like (C2L) domain, and a C-terminal Ca2+-binding penta-EF-hand (PEF) domain. The catalytic subunit CAPN2 in complex with a regulatory subunit encoded by CAPNS1 forms an m-calpain heterodimer. CAPN2 acts as the key protease responsible for N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA)-induced cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 3 (CPEB3) degradation in neurons. It cleaves several components of the focal adhesion complex, such as FAK and talin, triggering disassembly of the complex at the rear of the cell. The stimulation of CAPN2 activity is required for Golgi antiapoptotic proteins (GAAPs) to promote cleavage of FA kinase (FAK), cell spreading, and enhanced migration. calpain 2 is also involved in the onset of glial differentiation. It regulates proliferation, survival, migration, and tumorigenesis of breast cancer cells through a PP2A-Akt-FoxO-p27(Kip1) signaling cascade. Its expression is associated with response to platinum based chemotherapy, progression-free and overall survival in ovarian cancer. Moreover, CAPN2 may play a role in fundamental mitotic functions, such as the maintenance of sister chromatid cohesion. The activation of CAPN2 plays an essential role in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and in learning and memory. In the eye, CAPN2, together with a lens-specific variant of CAPN3, is responsible for proteolytic cleavages of alpha and beta-crystallin. Overactivated alpha and beta-crystallin can lead to cataract formation. Sometimes, CAPN2 compensates for loss of CAPN1, and both calpain isoforms are involved in AngII-induced aortic aneurysm formation. The main phosphorylation sites in m-calpain are Ser50 and Ser369/Thr370.


:

Pssm-ID: 320074 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 168  Bit Score: 341.11  E-value: 2.38e-114
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 533 GFRRLFVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLAKRQDIKSDGFSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYR 612
Cdd:cd16199   1 GFRRLFAQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLAKREDIKSDGFSIETCKIMVDMLDSDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYR 80
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 613 EIDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQLNLA 692
Cdd:cd16199  81 EIDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDDLIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIELDLI 160

                ....*...
gi 32451761 693 SWLSFSVL 700
Cdd:cd16199 161 SWLSFSVL 168
Calpain_III cd00214
Calpain, subdomain III. Calpains are calcium-activated cytoplasmic cysteine proteinases, ...
354-512 6.36e-73

Calpain, subdomain III. Calpains are calcium-activated cytoplasmic cysteine proteinases, participate in cytoskeletal remodeling processes, cell differentiation, apoptosis and signal transduction. Catalytic domain and the two calmodulin-like domains are separated by C2-like domain III. Domain III plays an important role in calcium-induced activation of calpain involving electrostatic interactions with subdomain II. Proposed to mediate calpain's interaction with phospholipids and translocation to cytoplasmic/nuclear membranes. CD includes subdomain III of typical and atypical calpains.


:

Pssm-ID: 238132  Cd Length: 150  Bit Score: 232.57  E-value: 6.36e-73
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 354 KKWKLTKMDGNWRRGSTAGGCRNYPNTFWMNPQYLIKLEEEDEDEEdgerGCTFLVGLIQKHRRRQRKMGEDMHTIGFGI 433
Cdd:cd00214   1 RKWHTKSFNGEWRRGQTAGGCRNNPDTFWTNPQFRIRVPEPDDDEG----KCTVLIALMQKNRRHLRKKGLDLLTIGFHV 76
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 32451761 434 YEVPEEltgqtNIHLGKNFFLTTRARERSDTFINLREVLNRFKLPPGEYVLVPSTFEPHKDGDFCIRVFSEKKADYQAV 512
Cdd:cd00214  77 YKVPGE-----NRHLRRDFFLHKAPRARSSTFINTREVSLRFRLPPGEYVIVPSTFEPGEEGEFLLRVFSEKSIKSSEL 150
 
Name Accession Description Interval E-value
Peptidase_C2 pfam00648
Calpain family cysteine protease;
46-342 0e+00

Calpain family cysteine protease;


Pssm-ID: 459889 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 295  Bit Score: 569.83  E-value: 0e+00
                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761    46 FQDPSFPALPSSLGYKelgPYSSKTRGIEWKRPTEICADPQFIIGGATRTDICQGALGDCWLLAAIASLTLNEEILARVV 125
Cdd:pfam00648   1 FEDPEFPADDSSLGYP---PSPPPPRGVEWKRPKEICSNPQFIVDGASRFDICQGELGDCWLLAAIASLTLNPKLLERVV 77
                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761   126 PPDQSFQENYAGIFHFQFWQYGEWVEVVVDDRLPTKDGELLFVHSAEGSEFWSALLEKAYAKINGCYEALSGGATTEGFE 205
Cdd:pfam00648  78 PPDQSFEENYAGIFHFRFWRFGEWVDVVIDDRLPTRNGKLLFVHSRDKNEFWSALLEKAYAKLHGSYEALKGGSTSEALE 157
                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761   206 DFTGGIAEWYELRKPPPNLFKIIQKALEKGSLLGCSIDITSAADSEAVTYQKLVKGHAYSVTGAEEVESSGSLQKLIRIR 285
Cdd:pfam00648 158 DFTGGVAESYDLKEPPPNLFEILLKALERGSLMGCSIDATSAAEEEARTPNGLVKGHAYSVTGVRKVNLKGGKVRLIRLR 237
                         250       260       270       280       290
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 32451761   286 NPWGQVEWTGKWNDNCPSWNTVDPEVRANLTER-QEDGEFWMSFSDFLRHYSRLEICN 342
Cdd:pfam00648 238 NPWGEVEWNGAWSDGSPEWQTVSPEEKEELGLTkKDDGEFWMSFEDFLKYFTDLEICN 295
CysPc smart00230
Calpain-like thiol protease family; Calpain-like thiol protease family (peptidase family C2). ...
32-352 7.48e-166

Calpain-like thiol protease family; Calpain-like thiol protease family (peptidase family C2). Calcium activated neutral protease (large subunit).


Pssm-ID: 128526  Cd Length: 318  Bit Score: 478.74  E-value: 7.48e-166
                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761     32 YETLRNECLEAGALFQDPSFPALPSSLGYKELGPYssktrGIEWKRPTEICADPQFIIGGATRTDICQGALGDCWLLAAI 111
Cdd:smart00230   1 YEALRQYCKESGTLFEDPLFPANNGSLFFSQRQRK-----FVVWKRPHEIFENPPFIVGGASRTDICQGVLGDCWLLAAL 75
                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761    112 ASLTLNEEILARVVPPDQSFQENYAGIFHFQFWQYGEWVEVVVDDRLPTKDGELLFVHSAEGSEFWSALLEKAYAKINGC 191
Cdd:smart00230  76 ASLTLREKLLDRVIPHDQEFSENYAGIFHFRFWRFGKWVDVVIDDRLPTYNGELVFMHSNSRNEFWSALLEKAYAKLNGC 155
                          170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761    192 YEALSGGATTEGFEDFTGGIAEWYELRKP---PPNLFKIIQKALEKGSLLGCSIDITSAADSEAVTYQKLVKGHAYSVTG 268
Cdd:smart00230 156 YEALKGGSTTEALEDLTGGVAESIDLKEAskdPDNLFEDLFKAFERGSLMGCSIGAGTAVEEEEQKDCGLVKGHAYSVTD 235
                          250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761    269 AEEVESSGslQKLIRIRNPWGQVEWTGKWNDNCPSWNTVDPEVRANLTER-QEDGEFWMSFSDFLRHYSRLEICNLTPDT 347
Cdd:smart00230 236 VREVQGRR--QELLRLRNPWGQVEWNGPWSDDSPEWRSVSASEKKNLGLTfDDDGEFWMSFEDFLRHFDKVEICNLNPDS 313

                   ....*
gi 32451761    348 LTCDS 352
Cdd:smart00230 314 LEERS 318
CysPc cd00044
Calpains, domains IIa, IIb; calcium-dependent cytoplasmic cysteine proteinases, papain-like. ...
34-342 8.67e-159

Calpains, domains IIa, IIb; calcium-dependent cytoplasmic cysteine proteinases, papain-like. Functions in cytoskeletal remodeling processes, cell differentiation, apoptosis and signal transduction.


Pssm-ID: 238004 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 315  Bit Score: 460.65  E-value: 8.67e-159
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761  34 TLRNECLEAGALFQDPSFPALPSSLGYKELGPYSSKTRGIEWKRPTEICAD-----PQFIIGGATRTDICQGALGDCWLL 108
Cdd:cd00044   1 TLLQICLLSGVLFEDPDFPPNDSSLGFDDSLSNGQPKKVIEWKRPSEIFADdgnsnPRLFVNGASPSDVCQGILGDCWFL 80
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 109 AAIASLTLNEEILARVVPPDQSFQENYAGIFHFQFWQYGEWVEVVVDDRLPTKDGELLFVHSAEGSEFWSALLEKAYAKI 188
Cdd:cd00044  81 AALAALAERPELLKRVIPPDQSFEENYAGIYHFRFWKNGEWVEVVIDDRLPTSNGGLLFMHSRDRNELWVALLEKAYAKL 160
                       170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 189 NGCYEALSGGATTEGFEDFTGGIAEWYELRKP-----PPNLFKIIQKALEKGSLLGCSIDITSAAdsEAVTYQKLVKGHA 263
Cdd:cd00044 161 HGSYEALVGGNTAEALEDLTGGPTERIDLKSAdassgDNDLFALLLSFLQGGSLIGCSTGSRSEE--EARTANGLVKGHA 238
                       250       260       270       280       290       300       310
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 32451761 264 YSVTGAEEVESSGslQKLIRIRNPWGQVEWTGKWNDNCPSWNTVDPEVRANLTERQEDGEFWMSFSDFLRHYSRLEICN 342
Cdd:cd00044 239 YSVLDVREVQEEG--LRLLRLRNPWGVGEWWGGWSDDSSEWWVIDAERKKLLLSGKDDGEFWMSFEDFLRNFDGLYVCN 315
EFh_PEF_CAPN2 cd16199
Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in m-type calpain (CAPN2); CAPN2, also termed ...
533-700 2.38e-114

Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in m-type calpain (CAPN2); CAPN2, also termed millimolar-calpain (m-calpain), or calpain-2 catalytic subunit, or calcium-activated neutral proteinase 2 (CANP 2), or calpain large polypeptide L2, or calpain-2 large subunit, is a ubiquitously expressed 80-kDa Ca2+-dependent intracellular cysteine protease that contains a short N-terminal anchor helix, followed by a calpain cysteine protease (CysPc) domain, a C2-domain-like (C2L) domain, and a C-terminal Ca2+-binding penta-EF-hand (PEF) domain. The catalytic subunit CAPN2 in complex with a regulatory subunit encoded by CAPNS1 forms an m-calpain heterodimer. CAPN2 acts as the key protease responsible for N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA)-induced cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 3 (CPEB3) degradation in neurons. It cleaves several components of the focal adhesion complex, such as FAK and talin, triggering disassembly of the complex at the rear of the cell. The stimulation of CAPN2 activity is required for Golgi antiapoptotic proteins (GAAPs) to promote cleavage of FA kinase (FAK), cell spreading, and enhanced migration. calpain 2 is also involved in the onset of glial differentiation. It regulates proliferation, survival, migration, and tumorigenesis of breast cancer cells through a PP2A-Akt-FoxO-p27(Kip1) signaling cascade. Its expression is associated with response to platinum based chemotherapy, progression-free and overall survival in ovarian cancer. Moreover, CAPN2 may play a role in fundamental mitotic functions, such as the maintenance of sister chromatid cohesion. The activation of CAPN2 plays an essential role in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and in learning and memory. In the eye, CAPN2, together with a lens-specific variant of CAPN3, is responsible for proteolytic cleavages of alpha and beta-crystallin. Overactivated alpha and beta-crystallin can lead to cataract formation. Sometimes, CAPN2 compensates for loss of CAPN1, and both calpain isoforms are involved in AngII-induced aortic aneurysm formation. The main phosphorylation sites in m-calpain are Ser50 and Ser369/Thr370.


Pssm-ID: 320074 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 168  Bit Score: 341.11  E-value: 2.38e-114
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 533 GFRRLFVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLAKRQDIKSDGFSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYR 612
Cdd:cd16199   1 GFRRLFAQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLAKREDIKSDGFSIETCKIMVDMLDSDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYR 80
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 613 EIDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQLNLA 692
Cdd:cd16199  81 EIDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDDLIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIELDLI 160

                ....*...
gi 32451761 693 SWLSFSVL 700
Cdd:cd16199 161 SWLSFSVL 168
Calpain_III cd00214
Calpain, subdomain III. Calpains are calcium-activated cytoplasmic cysteine proteinases, ...
354-512 6.36e-73

Calpain, subdomain III. Calpains are calcium-activated cytoplasmic cysteine proteinases, participate in cytoskeletal remodeling processes, cell differentiation, apoptosis and signal transduction. Catalytic domain and the two calmodulin-like domains are separated by C2-like domain III. Domain III plays an important role in calcium-induced activation of calpain involving electrostatic interactions with subdomain II. Proposed to mediate calpain's interaction with phospholipids and translocation to cytoplasmic/nuclear membranes. CD includes subdomain III of typical and atypical calpains.


Pssm-ID: 238132  Cd Length: 150  Bit Score: 232.57  E-value: 6.36e-73
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 354 KKWKLTKMDGNWRRGSTAGGCRNYPNTFWMNPQYLIKLEEEDEDEEdgerGCTFLVGLIQKHRRRQRKMGEDMHTIGFGI 433
Cdd:cd00214   1 RKWHTKSFNGEWRRGQTAGGCRNNPDTFWTNPQFRIRVPEPDDDEG----KCTVLIALMQKNRRHLRKKGLDLLTIGFHV 76
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 32451761 434 YEVPEEltgqtNIHLGKNFFLTTRARERSDTFINLREVLNRFKLPPGEYVLVPSTFEPHKDGDFCIRVFSEKKADYQAV 512
Cdd:cd00214  77 YKVPGE-----NRHLRRDFFLHKAPRARSSTFINTREVSLRFRLPPGEYVIVPSTFEPGEEGEFLLRVFSEKSIKSSEL 150
Calpain_III pfam01067
Calpain large subunit, domain III; The function of the domain III and I are currently unknown. ...
361-502 6.05e-71

Calpain large subunit, domain III; The function of the domain III and I are currently unknown. Domain II is a cysteine protease and domain IV is a calcium binding domain. Calpains are believed to participate in intracellular signaling pathways mediated by calcium ions.


Pssm-ID: 460050  Cd Length: 136  Bit Score: 227.04  E-value: 6.05e-71
                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761   361 MDGNWRRGSTAGGCRNYPNTFWMNPQYLIKLEEEDEDEEDgeRGCTFLVGLIQKHRRRQRKMGEDMHTIGFGIYEVPEEL 440
Cdd:pfam01067   1 FEGRWVRGSTAGGCRNYPDTFWTNPQYRFTLTEPDDDDDE--GECTVLVSLMQKNRRKQRRLGENLLTIGFAIYKVPVEL 78
                          90       100       110       120       130       140
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 32451761   441 tgqtNIHLGKNFFLTTRARERSDTFINLREVLNRFKLPPGEYVLVPSTFEPHKDGDFCIRVF 502
Cdd:pfam01067  79 ----NRKLRKHFFLTNQPVARSSTYINSREVSLRFRLPPGEYVIVPSTFEPNEEGEFLLRVF 136
calpain_III smart00720
calpain_III domain;
356-508 5.28e-65

calpain_III domain;


Pssm-ID: 214786  Cd Length: 143  Bit Score: 211.46  E-value: 5.28e-65
                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761    356 WKLTKMDGNWRRGSTAGGCRNYPNTFWMNPQYLIKLEEEDEDeedgerGCTFLVGLIQKHRRRQRKMGEDMHTIGFGIYE 435
Cdd:smart00720   1 WHTKSVQGSWTRGQTAGGCRNYPATFWTNPQFRITLEEPDDD------DCTVLIALMQKNRRRLRRKGADFLTIGFAVYK 74
                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 32451761    436 VPEELtgqtniHLGKNFFLTTRARERSDTFINLREVLNRFKLPPGEYVLVPSTFEPHKDGDFCIRVFSEKKAD 508
Cdd:smart00720  75 VPKEL------HLRRDFFLSNAPRASSGDYINGREVSERFRLPPGEYVIVPSTFEPNQEGDFLLRVFSEGPFK 141
 
Name Accession Description Interval E-value
Peptidase_C2 pfam00648
Calpain family cysteine protease;
46-342 0e+00

Calpain family cysteine protease;


Pssm-ID: 459889 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 295  Bit Score: 569.83  E-value: 0e+00
                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761    46 FQDPSFPALPSSLGYKelgPYSSKTRGIEWKRPTEICADPQFIIGGATRTDICQGALGDCWLLAAIASLTLNEEILARVV 125
Cdd:pfam00648   1 FEDPEFPADDSSLGYP---PSPPPPRGVEWKRPKEICSNPQFIVDGASRFDICQGELGDCWLLAAIASLTLNPKLLERVV 77
                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761   126 PPDQSFQENYAGIFHFQFWQYGEWVEVVVDDRLPTKDGELLFVHSAEGSEFWSALLEKAYAKINGCYEALSGGATTEGFE 205
Cdd:pfam00648  78 PPDQSFEENYAGIFHFRFWRFGEWVDVVIDDRLPTRNGKLLFVHSRDKNEFWSALLEKAYAKLHGSYEALKGGSTSEALE 157
                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761   206 DFTGGIAEWYELRKPPPNLFKIIQKALEKGSLLGCSIDITSAADSEAVTYQKLVKGHAYSVTGAEEVESSGSLQKLIRIR 285
Cdd:pfam00648 158 DFTGGVAESYDLKEPPPNLFEILLKALERGSLMGCSIDATSAAEEEARTPNGLVKGHAYSVTGVRKVNLKGGKVRLIRLR 237
                         250       260       270       280       290
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 32451761   286 NPWGQVEWTGKWNDNCPSWNTVDPEVRANLTER-QEDGEFWMSFSDFLRHYSRLEICN 342
Cdd:pfam00648 238 NPWGEVEWNGAWSDGSPEWQTVSPEEKEELGLTkKDDGEFWMSFEDFLKYFTDLEICN 295
CysPc smart00230
Calpain-like thiol protease family; Calpain-like thiol protease family (peptidase family C2). ...
32-352 7.48e-166

Calpain-like thiol protease family; Calpain-like thiol protease family (peptidase family C2). Calcium activated neutral protease (large subunit).


Pssm-ID: 128526  Cd Length: 318  Bit Score: 478.74  E-value: 7.48e-166
                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761     32 YETLRNECLEAGALFQDPSFPALPSSLGYKELGPYssktrGIEWKRPTEICADPQFIIGGATRTDICQGALGDCWLLAAI 111
Cdd:smart00230   1 YEALRQYCKESGTLFEDPLFPANNGSLFFSQRQRK-----FVVWKRPHEIFENPPFIVGGASRTDICQGVLGDCWLLAAL 75
                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761    112 ASLTLNEEILARVVPPDQSFQENYAGIFHFQFWQYGEWVEVVVDDRLPTKDGELLFVHSAEGSEFWSALLEKAYAKINGC 191
Cdd:smart00230  76 ASLTLREKLLDRVIPHDQEFSENYAGIFHFRFWRFGKWVDVVIDDRLPTYNGELVFMHSNSRNEFWSALLEKAYAKLNGC 155
                          170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761    192 YEALSGGATTEGFEDFTGGIAEWYELRKP---PPNLFKIIQKALEKGSLLGCSIDITSAADSEAVTYQKLVKGHAYSVTG 268
Cdd:smart00230 156 YEALKGGSTTEALEDLTGGVAESIDLKEAskdPDNLFEDLFKAFERGSLMGCSIGAGTAVEEEEQKDCGLVKGHAYSVTD 235
                          250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761    269 AEEVESSGslQKLIRIRNPWGQVEWTGKWNDNCPSWNTVDPEVRANLTER-QEDGEFWMSFSDFLRHYSRLEICNLTPDT 347
Cdd:smart00230 236 VREVQGRR--QELLRLRNPWGQVEWNGPWSDDSPEWRSVSASEKKNLGLTfDDDGEFWMSFEDFLRHFDKVEICNLNPDS 313

                   ....*
gi 32451761    348 LTCDS 352
Cdd:smart00230 314 LEERS 318
CysPc cd00044
Calpains, domains IIa, IIb; calcium-dependent cytoplasmic cysteine proteinases, papain-like. ...
34-342 8.67e-159

Calpains, domains IIa, IIb; calcium-dependent cytoplasmic cysteine proteinases, papain-like. Functions in cytoskeletal remodeling processes, cell differentiation, apoptosis and signal transduction.


Pssm-ID: 238004 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 315  Bit Score: 460.65  E-value: 8.67e-159
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761  34 TLRNECLEAGALFQDPSFPALPSSLGYKELGPYSSKTRGIEWKRPTEICAD-----PQFIIGGATRTDICQGALGDCWLL 108
Cdd:cd00044   1 TLLQICLLSGVLFEDPDFPPNDSSLGFDDSLSNGQPKKVIEWKRPSEIFADdgnsnPRLFVNGASPSDVCQGILGDCWFL 80
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 109 AAIASLTLNEEILARVVPPDQSFQENYAGIFHFQFWQYGEWVEVVVDDRLPTKDGELLFVHSAEGSEFWSALLEKAYAKI 188
Cdd:cd00044  81 AALAALAERPELLKRVIPPDQSFEENYAGIYHFRFWKNGEWVEVVIDDRLPTSNGGLLFMHSRDRNELWVALLEKAYAKL 160
                       170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 189 NGCYEALSGGATTEGFEDFTGGIAEWYELRKP-----PPNLFKIIQKALEKGSLLGCSIDITSAAdsEAVTYQKLVKGHA 263
Cdd:cd00044 161 HGSYEALVGGNTAEALEDLTGGPTERIDLKSAdassgDNDLFALLLSFLQGGSLIGCSTGSRSEE--EARTANGLVKGHA 238
                       250       260       270       280       290       300       310
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 32451761 264 YSVTGAEEVESSGslQKLIRIRNPWGQVEWTGKWNDNCPSWNTVDPEVRANLTERQEDGEFWMSFSDFLRHYSRLEICN 342
Cdd:cd00044 239 YSVLDVREVQEEG--LRLLRLRNPWGVGEWWGGWSDDSSEWWVIDAERKKLLLSGKDDGEFWMSFEDFLRNFDGLYVCN 315
EFh_PEF_CAPN2 cd16199
Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in m-type calpain (CAPN2); CAPN2, also termed ...
533-700 2.38e-114

Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in m-type calpain (CAPN2); CAPN2, also termed millimolar-calpain (m-calpain), or calpain-2 catalytic subunit, or calcium-activated neutral proteinase 2 (CANP 2), or calpain large polypeptide L2, or calpain-2 large subunit, is a ubiquitously expressed 80-kDa Ca2+-dependent intracellular cysteine protease that contains a short N-terminal anchor helix, followed by a calpain cysteine protease (CysPc) domain, a C2-domain-like (C2L) domain, and a C-terminal Ca2+-binding penta-EF-hand (PEF) domain. The catalytic subunit CAPN2 in complex with a regulatory subunit encoded by CAPNS1 forms an m-calpain heterodimer. CAPN2 acts as the key protease responsible for N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA)-induced cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 3 (CPEB3) degradation in neurons. It cleaves several components of the focal adhesion complex, such as FAK and talin, triggering disassembly of the complex at the rear of the cell. The stimulation of CAPN2 activity is required for Golgi antiapoptotic proteins (GAAPs) to promote cleavage of FA kinase (FAK), cell spreading, and enhanced migration. calpain 2 is also involved in the onset of glial differentiation. It regulates proliferation, survival, migration, and tumorigenesis of breast cancer cells through a PP2A-Akt-FoxO-p27(Kip1) signaling cascade. Its expression is associated with response to platinum based chemotherapy, progression-free and overall survival in ovarian cancer. Moreover, CAPN2 may play a role in fundamental mitotic functions, such as the maintenance of sister chromatid cohesion. The activation of CAPN2 plays an essential role in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and in learning and memory. In the eye, CAPN2, together with a lens-specific variant of CAPN3, is responsible for proteolytic cleavages of alpha and beta-crystallin. Overactivated alpha and beta-crystallin can lead to cataract formation. Sometimes, CAPN2 compensates for loss of CAPN1, and both calpain isoforms are involved in AngII-induced aortic aneurysm formation. The main phosphorylation sites in m-calpain are Ser50 and Ser369/Thr370.


Pssm-ID: 320074 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 168  Bit Score: 341.11  E-value: 2.38e-114
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 533 GFRRLFVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLAKRQDIKSDGFSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYR 612
Cdd:cd16199   1 GFRRLFAQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLAKREDIKSDGFSIETCKIMVDMLDSDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYR 80
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 613 EIDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQLNLA 692
Cdd:cd16199  81 EIDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDDLIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIELDLI 160

                ....*...
gi 32451761 693 SWLSFSVL 700
Cdd:cd16199 161 SWLSFSVL 168
EFh_PEF_CAPN1_like cd16189
Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in mu-type calpain (CAPN1), m-type calpain (CAPN2) ...
533-700 1.49e-110

Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in mu-type calpain (CAPN1), m-type calpain (CAPN2), and similar proteins; The family includes mu-type calpain (CAPN1) and m-type calpain (CAPN2), both of which are ubiquitously expressed 80-kDa Ca2+-dependent intracellular cysteine proteases that contain a short N-terminal anchor helix, followed by a calpain cysteine protease (CysPc) domain, a C2-domain-like (C2L) domain, and a C-terminal Ca2+-binding penta-EF-hand (PEF) domain. The catalytic subunit CAPN1 or CAPN2 in complex with a regulatory subunit encoded by CAPNS1 forms a mu- or m-calpain heterodimer, respectively.


Pssm-ID: 320064 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 168  Bit Score: 331.24  E-value: 1.49e-110
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 533 GFRRLFVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLAKRQDIKSDGFSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYR 612
Cdd:cd16189   1 NFRNLFTQLAGEDSEISAFELQTILNKVLSKRKDIKTDGFSLETCRNMVNLLDKDGSGKLGLVEFQILWTKIQKYLKIYK 80
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 613 EIDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQLNLA 692
Cdd:cd16189  81 KFDTDGSGTMSSYEMRLALEEAGFKLNNQLHQVLVARYADQELTIDFDNFVRCLVRLELLFKIFKQLDKDNTGTIELDLI 160

                ....*...
gi 32451761 693 SWLSFSVL 700
Cdd:cd16189 161 QWLSFSLL 168
EFh_PEF_CAPN1 cd16198
Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in mu-type calpain (CAPN1); CAPN1, also termed ...
533-700 8.56e-88

Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in mu-type calpain (CAPN1); CAPN1, also termed calpain-1 80-kDa catalytic subunit, or calpain-1 large subunit, or micromolar-calpain (muCANP), or calcium-activated neutral proteinase 1 (CANP 1), or cell proliferation-inducing gene 30 protein, is a ubiquitously expressed 80-kDa Ca2+-dependent intracellular cysteine protease that contains a short N-terminal anchor helix, followed by a calpain cysteine protease (CysPc) domain, a C2-domain-like (C2L) domain, and a C-terminal Ca2+-binding penta-EF-hand (PEF) domain. The catalytic subunit CAPN1 in complex with a regulatory subunit encoded by CAPNS1 forms a mu-calpain heterodimer. CAPN1 plays a central role in postmortem proteolysis and meat tenderization processes, as well as in regulation of proliferation and survival of skeletal satellite cells. It also acts as a novel regulator in IgE-mediated mast cell activation and could serve as a potential therapeutic target for the management of allergic inflammation. Moreover, CAPN1 is involved in neutrophil motility and functions as a potential target for intervention in inflammatory disease. It also facilitates age-associated aortic wall calcification and fibrosis through the regulation of matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity in vascular smooth muscle cells, and thus plays a role in hypertension and atherosclerosis. The proteolytic cleavage of beta-amyloid precursor protein and tau protein by CAPN1 may be involved in plaque formation. Furthermore, CAPN1 is activated in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer's disease. It is involved in the maintenance of a proliferative neural stem cell pool. The activation and macrophage inflammation of CAPN1 in hypercholesterolemic nephropathy is promoted by nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha1 (nAChRalpha1). In addition, CAPN1 displays a functional role in hemostasis, as well as in sickle cell disease.


Pssm-ID: 320073 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 169  Bit Score: 272.45  E-value: 8.56e-88
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 533 GFRRLFVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLAKRQDIKSDGFSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYR 612
Cdd:cd16198   1 NFKNLFRQLAGEDMEISVFELKTILNRIISKHKDLRTDGFSLESCRSMVNLMDKDGNGKLGLVEFNILWNKIRNYLTIFR 80
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 613 EIDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQLNLA 692
Cdd:cd16198  81 KFDLDKSGSMSAYEMRLALESAGFKLNNRLHQVIVARYADPNLAIDFDNFVCCLVRLETMFRFFKQLDTEETGTIEMDLF 160

                ....*...
gi 32451761 693 SWLSFSVL 700
Cdd:cd16198 161 EWLQLTMF 168
Calpain_III cd00214
Calpain, subdomain III. Calpains are calcium-activated cytoplasmic cysteine proteinases, ...
354-512 6.36e-73

Calpain, subdomain III. Calpains are calcium-activated cytoplasmic cysteine proteinases, participate in cytoskeletal remodeling processes, cell differentiation, apoptosis and signal transduction. Catalytic domain and the two calmodulin-like domains are separated by C2-like domain III. Domain III plays an important role in calcium-induced activation of calpain involving electrostatic interactions with subdomain II. Proposed to mediate calpain's interaction with phospholipids and translocation to cytoplasmic/nuclear membranes. CD includes subdomain III of typical and atypical calpains.


Pssm-ID: 238132  Cd Length: 150  Bit Score: 232.57  E-value: 6.36e-73
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 354 KKWKLTKMDGNWRRGSTAGGCRNYPNTFWMNPQYLIKLEEEDEDEEdgerGCTFLVGLIQKHRRRQRKMGEDMHTIGFGI 433
Cdd:cd00214   1 RKWHTKSFNGEWRRGQTAGGCRNNPDTFWTNPQFRIRVPEPDDDEG----KCTVLIALMQKNRRHLRKKGLDLLTIGFHV 76
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 32451761 434 YEVPEEltgqtNIHLGKNFFLTTRARERSDTFINLREVLNRFKLPPGEYVLVPSTFEPHKDGDFCIRVFSEKKADYQAV 512
Cdd:cd00214  77 YKVPGE-----NRHLRRDFFLHKAPRARSSTFINTREVSLRFRLPPGEYVIVPSTFEPGEEGEFLLRVFSEKSIKSSEL 150
EFh_PEF_Group_II_CAPN_like cd16182
Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in PEF calpain family; The PEF calpain family ...
534-699 2.47e-72

Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in PEF calpain family; The PEF calpain family belongs to the second group of penta-EF hand (PEF) proteins. It includes classical (also called conventional or typical) calpain (referring to a calcium-dependent papain-like enzymes, EC 3.4.22.17) large catalytic subunits (CAPN1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14) and two calpain small subunits (CAPNS1 and CAPNS2), which are largely confined to animals (metazoans). These PEF-containing are nonlysosomal intracellular calcium-activated intracellular cysteine proteases that play important roles in the degradation or functional modulation in a variety of substrates in response to calcium signalling. The classical mu- and m-calpains are heterodimers consisting of homologous but a distinct (large) L-subunit/chain (CAPN1 or CAPN2) and a common (small) S-subunit/chain (CAPNS1 or CAPNS2). These L-subunits (CAPN1 and CAPN2) and S-subunit CAPNS1 are ubiquitously found in all tissues. Other calpains likely consist of an isolated L-subunit/chain alone. Many of them, such as CAPNS2, CAPN3 (in skeletal muscle, or lens), CAPN8 (in stomach), CAPN9 (in digestive tracts), CAPN11 (in testis), CAPN12 (in follicles), are tissue-specific and have specific functions in distinct organs. The L-subunits of similar structure (called CALPA and B) also have been found in Drosophila melanogaster. The S-subunit seems to have a chaperone-like function for proper folding of the L-subunit. The catalytic L-subunits contain a short N-terminal anchor helix, followed by a calpain cysteine protease (CysPc) domain, a C2-domain-like (C2L) domain, and a C-terminal Ca2+-binding penta-EF-hand (PEF) domain. The S-subunits only have the PEF domain following an N-terminal Gly-rich hydrophobic domain. The calpains undergo a rearrangement of the protein backbone upon Ca2+-binding.


Pssm-ID: 320057 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 167  Bit Score: 231.73  E-value: 2.47e-72
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 534 FRRLFVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLAKRqDIKSDGFSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYRE 613
Cdd:cd16182   2 VRELFEKLAGEDEEIDAVELQKLLNASLLKD-MPKFDGFSLETCRSLIALMDTNGSGRLDLEEFKTLWSDLKKWQAIFKK 80
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 614 IDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQLNLAS 693
Cdd:cd16182  81 FDTDRSGTLSSYELRKALESAGFHLSNKVLQALVLRYADSTGRITFEDFVSCLVRLKTAFETFSALDKKNEGVIPLTLEE 160

                ....*.
gi 32451761 694 WLSFSV 699
Cdd:cd16182 161 WLLLTL 166
EFh_PEF_CAPN8 cd16191
Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in calpain-8 (CAPN8); CAPN8, also termed new ...
534-695 1.62e-71

Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in calpain-8 (CAPN8); CAPN8, also termed new calpain 2 (nCL-2), or stomach-specific M-type calpain, is a calpain large subunit predominantly expressed in the stomach. It appears to be involved in membrane trafficking in the gastric surface mucus cells (pit cells), via its location at the Golgi and interaction with the beta-subunit of coatomer complex (beta-COP) of vesicles derived from the Golgi. Moreover, CAPN8, together with CAPN9, forms an active protease complex, G-calpain, in which both proteins are essential for stability and activity. The G-Calpain has been implicated in gastric mucosal defense. CAPN8 exists as both a monomer and homo-oligomer, but not as a heterodimer with the conventional calpain regulatory subunit (30K). The monomer and homodimer forms predominate. CAPN8 contains a short N-terminal anchor helix, followed by a calpain cysteine protease (CysPc) domain, a C2-domain-like (C2L) domain, and a C-terminal Ca2+-binding penta-EF-hand (PEF) domain.


Pssm-ID: 320066 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 168  Bit Score: 229.67  E-value: 1.62e-71
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 534 FRRLFVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLAKRQDIKSDGFSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYRE 613
Cdd:cd16191   2 FKNIFQKLAGKKCEVTANELQTILNRVLSKRKDIKSDGFTINTCREMISLLDTDGTGTLGLVEFRILWMKIQKYLAIYKK 81
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 614 IDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQLNLAS 693
Cdd:cd16191  82 VDSDRSGTIDAHEMRNALQEAGFTLNNKIQQSIVQRYASNKLTINFDGFIACMIRLETLFKMFQLLDKDKSGVVQLSLAE 161

                ..
gi 32451761 694 WL 695
Cdd:cd16191 162 WL 163
Calpain_III pfam01067
Calpain large subunit, domain III; The function of the domain III and I are currently unknown. ...
361-502 6.05e-71

Calpain large subunit, domain III; The function of the domain III and I are currently unknown. Domain II is a cysteine protease and domain IV is a calcium binding domain. Calpains are believed to participate in intracellular signaling pathways mediated by calcium ions.


Pssm-ID: 460050  Cd Length: 136  Bit Score: 227.04  E-value: 6.05e-71
                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761   361 MDGNWRRGSTAGGCRNYPNTFWMNPQYLIKLEEEDEDEEDgeRGCTFLVGLIQKHRRRQRKMGEDMHTIGFGIYEVPEEL 440
Cdd:pfam01067   1 FEGRWVRGSTAGGCRNYPDTFWTNPQYRFTLTEPDDDDDE--GECTVLVSLMQKNRRKQRRLGENLLTIGFAIYKVPVEL 78
                          90       100       110       120       130       140
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 32451761   441 tgqtNIHLGKNFFLTTRARERSDTFINLREVLNRFKLPPGEYVLVPSTFEPHKDGDFCIRVF 502
Cdd:pfam01067  79 ----NRKLRKHFFLTNQPVARSSTYINSREVSLRFRLPPGEYVIVPSTFEPNEEGEFLLRVF 136
EFh_PEF_CPNS1_2 cd16188
Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in calcium-dependent protease small subunit ...
534-695 2.65e-66

Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in calcium-dependent protease small subunit CAPNS1 and CAPNS2; CAPNS1, also termed calpain small subunit 1 (CSS1), or calcium-activated neutral proteinase small subunit (CANP small subunit), or calcium-dependent protease small subunit (CDPS), or calpain regulatory subunit, is a common 28-kDa regulatory calpain subunit encoded by the calpain small 1 (Capns1, also known as Capn4) gene. It acts as a binding partner to form a heterodimer with the 80 kDa calpain large catalytic subunit and is required in maintaining the activity of calpain. CAPNS1 plays a significant role in tumor progression of human cancer, and functions as a potential therapeutic target in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), glioma, and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). It may be involved in regulating migration and cell survival through binding to the SH3 domain of Ras GTPase-activating protein (RasGAP). It may also modulate Akt/FoxO3A signaling and apoptosis through PP2A. CAPNS1 contains an N-terminal glycine rich domain and a C-terminal PEF-hand domain. CAPNS2, also termed calpain small subunit 2 (CSS2), is a novel tissue-specific 30 kDa calpain small subunit that lacks two oligo-Gly stretches characteristic of the N-terminal Gly-rich domain of CAPNS1. CAPNS2 acts as a chaperone for the calpain large subunit, and appears to be the functional equivalent of CAPNS1. However, CAPNS2 binds the large subunit much more weakly than CAPNS1 and it does not undergo the autolytic conversion typical of CAPNS1.


Pssm-ID: 320063 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 169  Bit Score: 215.76  E-value: 2.65e-66
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 534 FRRLFVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLAKRQDIKSDGFSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYRE 613
Cdd:cd16188   2 FRRLFVQLAGDDMEVSATELMNILNKVVTRHPDLKTDGFGIDTCRSMVAVMDSDTTGKLGFEEFKYLWNNIKKWQGIYKQ 81
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 614 IDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQLNLAS 693
Cdd:cd16188  82 FDTDRSGTIGSQELPGAFEAAGFHLNEQLYQMIIRRYSDEDGNMDFDNFISCLVRLDAMFRAFKSLDKDGTGQIQVNIQE 161

                ..
gi 32451761 694 WL 695
Cdd:cd16188 162 WL 163
calpain_III smart00720
calpain_III domain;
356-508 5.28e-65

calpain_III domain;


Pssm-ID: 214786  Cd Length: 143  Bit Score: 211.46  E-value: 5.28e-65
                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761    356 WKLTKMDGNWRRGSTAGGCRNYPNTFWMNPQYLIKLEEEDEDeedgerGCTFLVGLIQKHRRRQRKMGEDMHTIGFGIYE 435
Cdd:smart00720   1 WHTKSVQGSWTRGQTAGGCRNYPATFWTNPQFRITLEEPDDD------DCTVLIALMQKNRRRLRRKGADFLTIGFAVYK 74
                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 32451761    436 VPEELtgqtniHLGKNFFLTTRARERSDTFINLREVLNRFKLPPGEYVLVPSTFEPHKDGDFCIRVFSEKKAD 508
Cdd:smart00720  75 VPKEL------HLRRDFFLSNAPRASSGDYINGREVSERFRLPPGEYVIVPSTFEPNQEGDFLLRVFSEGPFK 141
EFh_PEF_CAPN9 cd16192
Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in calpain-9 (CAPN9); CAPN9, also termed ...
533-695 1.36e-63

Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in calpain-9 (CAPN9); CAPN9, also termed digestive tract-specific calpain, or new calpain 4 (nCL-4), or protein CG36, is a calpain large subunit predominantly expressed in gastrointestinal tract. It plays a physiological role in the suppression of tumorigenesis. It acts as an important biomolecule link for the regression of colorectal cancer via intracellular calcium homeostasis. CAPN9 may also play a critical role in lumen formation. Moreover, CAPN9, together with CAPN8, forms an active protease complex, G-calpain, in which both proteins are essential for stability and activity. The G-Calpain has been implicated in gastric mucosal defense. Furthermore, down-regulation of calpain 9 has been linked to hypertensive heart and kidney disease in salt-sensitive Dahl rats. CAPN9 contains a short N-terminal anchor helix, followed by a calpain cysteine protease (CysPc) domain, a C2-domain-like (C2L) domain, and a C-terminal Ca2+-binding penta-EF-hand (PEF) domain.


Pssm-ID: 320067 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 169  Bit Score: 208.88  E-value: 1.36e-63
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 533 GFRRLFVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLAKRQDIKSDGFSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYR 612
Cdd:cd16192   1 QFRKLFEQISGEDLEISAEELQYVLNAVLARTKEIKFKKLSLLSCKNIISLMDTSGNGKLGFSEFKVFWDKLKKWIGLFL 80
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 613 EIDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQLNLA 692
Cdd:cd16192  81 KYDADRSGTMSSYELRSALKAAGFQLNNQLLQLIVLRYADDYLQIDFDDFLNCLVRLENSFRVFQALDTKNTGEISLNML 160

                ...
gi 32451761 693 SWL 695
Cdd:cd16192 161 EFI 163
EFh_PEF_CAPN3 cd16190
Calcium-activated neutral; CAPN3, also termed calcium-activated neutral proteinase 3 (CANP 3), ...
534-699 3.65e-61

Calcium-activated neutral; CAPN3, also termed calcium-activated neutral proteinase 3 (CANP 3), or calpain L3, or calpain p94, or muscle-specific calcium-activated neutral protease 3, or new calpain 1 (nCL-1), is a calpain large subunit that is mainly expressed in skeletal muscle, or lens. The skeletal muscle-specific CAPN3 are pathologically associated with limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A (LGMD2A). Its autolytic activity can be positively regulated by calmodulin (CaM), a known transducer of the calcium signal. CAPN3 is also involved in human melanoma tumorigenesis and progression. It impairs cell proliferation and stimulates oxidative stress-mediated cell death in melanoma cells. Moreover, it plays an important role in sarcomere remodeling and mitochondrial protein turnover. Furthermore, the phosphorylated skeletal muscle-specific CAPN3 acts as a myofibril structural component and may participate in myofibril-based signaling pathways. In the eye, the lens-specific CAPN3, together with CAPN2, is responsible for proteolytic cleavages of alpha and beta-crystallin. Overactivated alpha and beta-crystallin can lead to cataract formation. CAPN3 exists as a homodimer, rather than a heterodimer with the calpain small subunit. It may also form heterodimers with other calpain large subunits. CAPN3 contains a long N-terminal region, followed by a calpain cysteine protease (CysPc) domain, a C2-domain-like (C2L) domain, and a C-terminal Ca2+-binding penta-EF-hand (PEF) domain. Ca2+ binding at EF5 of the CAPN3 PEF domain is a distinct feature not observed in other calpain isoforms.


Pssm-ID: 320065 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 169  Bit Score: 202.40  E-value: 3.65e-61
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 534 FRRLFVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLAKRQDIKSDGFSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYRE 613
Cdd:cd16190   2 FRNIFQQIAGDDMEISADELRSVLNRVVKKHKDLKTEGFTLESCRSMIALMDTDGSGKLNLQEFRHLWNKIKQWQKIFKR 81
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 614 IDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQLNLAS 693
Cdd:cd16190  82 YDTDKSGTINSYEMRNAVNDAGFRLNNQLYDIITMRYADKHMNIDFDSFICCFVRLEGMFRAFHAFDKDGDGIIKLNVLE 161

                ....*.
gi 32451761 694 WLSFSV 699
Cdd:cd16190 162 WLQLTM 167
EFh_PEF_CAPN11 cd16193
Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in calpain-11 (CAPN11); CAPN11, also termed ...
534-699 7.31e-60

Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in calpain-11 (CAPN11); CAPN11, also termed calcium-activated neutral proteinase 11 (CANP 11), is a mammalian orthologue of micro/m calpain. It is one of the calpain large subunits that appears to be exclusively expressed in certain cells of the testis. It may be involved in regulating calcium-dependent signal transduction events during meiosis and sperm functional processes. CAPN11 contains a short N-terminal anchor helix, followed by a calpain cysteine protease (CysPc) domain, a C2-domain-like (C2L) domain, and a C-terminal Ca2+-binding penta-EF-hand (PEF) domain.


Pssm-ID: 320068 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 169  Bit Score: 198.60  E-value: 7.31e-60
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 534 FRRLFVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLAKRQDIKSDGFSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYRE 613
Cdd:cd16193   2 SLHLFKIVANEDKEVDMYELQKLLNRMAIKFKSFKTKGFSLDVCRRMINLMDKDGSGKLGLHEFKILWKKIKKWMEIFKE 81
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 614 IDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQLNLAS 693
Cdd:cd16193  82 CDQDRSGNLNSYEMRLAIEKAGIKMNNRVTEVVVARYADDNMIVDFDSFINCFLRLKAMFAFFLSMDTKKTGSICLSINQ 161

                ....*.
gi 32451761 694 WLSFSV 699
Cdd:cd16193 162 WLQITM 167
EFh_PEF_CalpA_B cd16196
Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in Drosophila melanogaster calpain-A (CalpA), ...
534-695 1.07e-55

Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in Drosophila melanogaster calpain-A (CalpA), calpain-B (CalpB), and similar proteins; The family contains two calpains that have been found in Drosophila, CalpA and CalpB. CalpA, also termed calcium-activated neutral proteinase A (CANP A), or calpain-A catalytic subunit, is a Drosophila calpain homolog specifically expressed in a few neurons in the central nervous system, in scattered endocrine cells in the midgut, and in blood cells. CalpB, also termed calcium-activated neutral proteinase B (CANP B), contains calpain-B catalytic subunit 1 and calpain-B catalytic subunit 2. Both CalpA and CalpB are closely related to that of vertebrate calpains, and they share similar domain architecture, which consists of four domains: the N-terminal domain I, the catalytic domain II carrying the three active site residues, Cys, His and Asn, the Ca2+-regulated phospholipid-binding domain III, and penta-EF-hand Ca2+-binding domain IV. Besides, CalpA and CalpB display some distinguishing structural features that are not found in mammalian typical calpains. CalpA harbors a 76 amino acid long hydrophobic stretch inserted in domain IV, which may be involved in membrane attachment of this enzyme. CalpB has an unusually long N-terminal tail of 224 amino acids, which belongs to the class of intrinsically unstructured proteins (IUP) and may become ordered upon binding to target protein(s). Moreover, they do not need small regulatory subunits for their catalytic activity, and their proteolytic function is not regulated by an intrinsic inhibitor as the Drosophila genome contains neither regulatory subunit nor calpastatin orthologs. As a result, they may exist as a monomer or perhaps as a homo- or heterodimer together with a second large subunit. Furthermore, both CalpA and CalpB are dispensable for viability and fertility and do not share vital functions during Drosophila development. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-diphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 4-monophosphate, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidic acid can stimulate the activity and the rate of activation of CalpA, but not CalpB. Calpain A modulates Toll responses by limited Cactus/IkappaB proteolysis. CalpB directly interacts with talin, an important component of the focal adhesion complex, and functions as an important modulator in border cell migration within egg chambers, which may act via the digestion of talin. CalpB can be phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase A, PKA; EC 2.7.11.11) at Ser240 and Ser845, as well as by mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK1 and ERK2; EC 2.7.11.24) at Thr747. The activation of the ERK pathway by extracellular signals results in the phosphorylation and activation of calpain B. In Schneider cells (S2), calpain B was mainly in the cytoplasm and upon a rise in Ca2+ the enzyme adhered to intracellular membranes.


Pssm-ID: 320071 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 167  Bit Score: 187.41  E-value: 1.07e-55
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 534 FRRLFVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLakRQDIKSDGFSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYRE 613
Cdd:cd16196   2 LRRLFDKIAGEDMEIDAYELQDILNTAF--KKDFPFDGFSLDACRSMVAMMDVDRSGKLGFEEFKKLWEDLRSWKRVFKL 79
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 614 IDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQLNLAS 693
Cdd:cd16196  80 FDTDGSGSFSSFELRNALNSAGFRLSNATLNALVLRYSNKDGRISFDDFIMCAVKLKTMFEIFKEKDPRGGGRATFNLDE 159

                ..
gi 32451761 694 WL 695
Cdd:cd16196 160 FL 161
EFh_PEF cd15897
The penta-EF hand (PEF) family; The penta-EF hand (PEF) family contains a group of five ...
534-699 2.63e-51

The penta-EF hand (PEF) family; The penta-EF hand (PEF) family contains a group of five EF-hand calcium-binding proteins, including several classical calpain large catalytic subunits (CAPN1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14), two calpain small subunits (CAPNS1 and CAPNS2), as well as non-calpain PEF proteins, ALG-2 (apoptosis-linked gene 2, also termed programmed cell death protein 6, PDCD6), peflin, sorcin, and grancalcin. Based on the sequence similarity of EF1 hand, ALG-2 and peflin have been classified into group I PEF proteins. Calcium-dependent protease calpain subfamily members, sorcin and grancalcin, are group II PEF proteins. Calpains (EC 3.4.22.17) are calcium-activated intracellular cysteine proteases that play important roles in the degradation or functional modulation in a variety of substrates. They have been implicated in a number of physiological processes such as cell cycle progression, remodeling of cytoskeletal-cell membrane attachments, signal transduction, gene expression and apoptosis. ALG-2 is a pro-apoptotic factor that forms a homodimer in the cell or a heterodimer with its closest paralog peflin through their EF5s. Peflin is a 30-kD PEF protein with a longer N-terminal hydrophobic domain than any other member of the PEF family, and it contains nine nonapeptide (A/PPGGPYGGP) repeats. It exists only as a heterodimer with ALG-2. The dissociation of heterodimer occurs in the presence of Ca2+. ALG-2 interacts with various proteins in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Sorcin (for soluble resistance-related calcium binding protein) is a soluble resistance-related calcium-binding protein that participates in the regulation of calcium homeostasis in cells. Grancalcin is a cytosolic Ca2+-binding protein specifically expressed in neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages. It plays a key role in leukocyte-specific functions that are responsible for host defense. Grancalcin can form a heterodimer together with sorcin. Members in this family contain five EF-hand motifs attached to an N-terminal region of variable length containing one or more short Gly/Pro-rich sequences. These proteins form homodimers or heterodimers through pairing between the 5th EF-hands from the two molecules. Unlike calmodulin, the PEF domains do not undergo major conformational changes upon binding Ca2+.


Pssm-ID: 320054 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 165  Bit Score: 175.70  E-value: 2.63e-51
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 534 FRRLFVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLAKRQDIksdGFSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYRE 613
Cdd:cd15897   2 LRNVFQAVAGDDGEISATELQQALSNVGWTHFDL---GFSLETCRSMIAMMDRDHSGKLNFSEFKGLWNYIKAWQEIFRT 78
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 614 IDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQLNLAS 693
Cdd:cd15897  79 YDTDGSGTIDSNELRQALSGAGYRLSEQTYDIIIRRYDRGRGNIDFDDFIQCCVRLQRLTDAFRRYDKDQDGQIQVNYDE 158

                ....*.
gi 32451761 694 WLSFSV 699
Cdd:cd15897 159 FLQGTM 164
EFh_PEF_CAPN12 cd16194
Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in calpain-12 (CAPN12); CAPN12, also termed ...
533-695 4.52e-47

Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in calpain-12 (CAPN12); CAPN12, also termed calcium-activated neutral proteinase 12 (CANP 12), is a calpain large subunit mainly expressed in the cortex of the hair follicle. It may affect apoptosis regulation. CAPN12 contains a short N-terminal anchor helix, followed by a calpain cysteine protease (CysPc) domain, a C2-domain-like (C2L) domain, and a C-terminal Ca2+-binding penta-EF-hand (PEF) domain.


Pssm-ID: 320069 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 169  Bit Score: 164.28  E-value: 4.52e-47
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 533 GFRRLFVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLAKRQDIKSDGFSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYR 612
Cdd:cd16194   1 ELEQLFQELAGEDEEINASELQKILSIALERAHTSKPREFGLRTCRQLIQCFDHGQNGKLALEEFQQLWGYLLEWQAIFT 80
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 613 EIDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQLNLA 692
Cdd:cd16194  81 KFDEDTSGTMDSYELRLALNAAGFHLNNQLTETLTSRYRDSRLRVDFESFLSCLAHLTCIFCQCSQHDDGGEGVICLTHR 160

                ...
gi 32451761 693 SWL 695
Cdd:cd16194 161 QWL 163
EFh_PEF_CAPN13_14 cd16195
Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in calpain-13 (CAPN13), calpain-14 (CAPN14), and ...
533-698 4.61e-41

Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in calpain-13 (CAPN13), calpain-14 (CAPN14), and similar proteins; CAPN13, also termed calcium-activated neutral proteinase 13 (CANP 13), a 63.6 kDa calpain large subunit that exhibits a restricted tissue distribution with low levels of expression detected only in human testis and lung. In calpain family, CAPN13 is most closely related to calpain-14 (CAPN14). CAPN14, also termed calcium-activated neutral proteinase 14 (CANP 14), is a 76.7 kDa calpain large subunit that is most highly expressed in the oesophagus. Its expression and calpain activity can be induced by IL-13. Both CAPN13 and CAPN14 contain a calpain cysteine protease (CysPc) domain, a C2-domain-like (C2L) domain, and a C-terminal Ca2+-binding penta-EF-hand (PEF) domain.


Pssm-ID: 320070 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 168  Bit Score: 147.35  E-value: 4.61e-41
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 533 GFRRLFVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLAKRQDIKSDGFSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYR 612
Cdd:cd16195   1 SSRALFLKYADQGGELDAEQLQKLLNENLLKGLAGSGGGFSLDACRSMVALMDLSVNGRLSLEEFSRLWKKLRKYKDIFQ 80
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 613 EIDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDpENTGTIQLNLA 692
Cdd:cd16195  81 KADVSKSGFLSLSELRNAIQAAGIRVSDDLLNLMALRYGDSSGRISFESFICLMLRLECMAKIFRNLS-KDGGGIYLTES 159

                ....*.
gi 32451761 693 SWLSFS 698
Cdd:cd16195 160 EWMQLT 165
EFh_PEF_Group_II_sorcin_like cd16181
Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in sorcin, grancalcin, and similar proteins; The ...
538-689 2.03e-34

Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in sorcin, grancalcin, and similar proteins; The family corresponds to the second group of penta-EF hand (PEF) proteins that includes sorcin, grancalcin, and similar proteins. Sorcin, also termed 22 kDa Ca2+-binding protein, CP-22, or V19, is a soluble resistance-related calcium-binding protein that is expressed in normal mammalian tissues, such as the liver, lungs and heart. It contains a flexible glycine and proline-rich N-terminal extension and five EF-hand motifs that associate with membranes in a calcium-dependent manner. It may harbor three potential Ca2+ binding sites through its EF1, EF2 and EF3 hands. However, binding of only two Ca2+/monomer suffices to trigger the conformational change that exposes hydrophobic regions and leads to interaction with the respective targets. Sorcin forms homodimers through the association of the unpaired EF5 hand. Among the PEF proteins, sorcin is unique in that it contains potential phosphorylation sites by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), and it can form a tetramer at slightly acid pH values although remaining a stable dimer at neutral pH. Grancalcin (GCA) is a cytosolic Ca2+-binding protein specifically expressed in neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages. It can strongly interact with sorcin to form a heterodimer and further modulate the function of sorcin. GCA exists as homodimers in solution. It contains five EF-hand motifs attached to an N-terminal region of an approximately 50 residue-long segment rich in glycines and prolines. In contrast with sorcin, GCA binds two Ca2+ ions through its EF1 and EF3 hands.


Pssm-ID: 320056 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 165  Bit Score: 128.64  E-value: 2.03e-34
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 538 FVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRR--VLAKRQDiksdgFSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYREID 615
Cdd:cd16181   6 FSAVAGQDGQIDADELQRCLTQsgISGNYQP-----FSLETCRLMIAMLDRDHSGKMGFNEFKELWAALNQWKTTFMQYD 80
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 32451761 616 VDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDElIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQL 689
Cdd:cd16181  81 RDRSGTVEPQELQQAIRSFGYNLSPQALNVIVKRYSKNG-RITFDDFVACAVRLRALTDRFRRRDTQQNGTATF 153
EFh_PEF_Group_I cd16180
Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in Group I PEF proteins; The family corresponds ...
548-690 6.77e-33

Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in Group I PEF proteins; The family corresponds to Group I PEF proteins that have been found not only in higher animals but also in lower animals, plants, fungi and protists. Group I PEF proteins include apoptosis-linked gene 2 protein (ALG-2), peflin and similar proteins. ALG-2, also termed programmed cell death protein 6 (PDCD6), is a widely expressed calcium-binding modulator protein associated with cell proliferation and death, as well as cell survival. It forms a homodimer in the cell or a heterodimer with its closest paralog peflin. Among the PEF proteins, ALG-2 can bind three Ca2+ ions through its EF1, EF3, and EF5 hands, where it is unique in that its EF5 hand binds Ca2+ ion in a canonical coordination. Peflin is a ubiquitously expressed 30-kD PEF protein containing five EF-hand motifs in its C-terminal domain and a longer N-terminal hydrophobic domain (NHB domain) than any other member of the PEF family. The NHB domain harbors nine repeats of a nonapeptide (A/PPGGPYGGP). Peflin may modulate the function of ALG-2 in Ca2+ signaling. It exists only as a heterodimer with ALG-2, and binds two Ca2+ ions through its EF1 and EF3 hands. Its additional EF5 hand is unpaired and does not bind Ca2+ ion but mediates the heterodimerization with ALG-2. The dissociation of heterodimer occurs in the presence of Ca2+.


Pssm-ID: 320055 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 164  Bit Score: 124.18  E-value: 6.77e-33
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 548 ISAFELQTILrrvlakrqdIKSDG--FSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYREIDVDRSGTMNSY 625
Cdd:cd16180  17 ISAKELQRAL---------SNGDWtpFSIETVRLMINMFDRDRSGTINFDEFVGLWKYIQDWRRLFRRFDRDRSGSIDFN 87
                        90       100       110       120       130       140
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 32451761 626 EMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDEL-IIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQLN 690
Cdd:cd16180  88 ELQNALSSFGYRLSPQFVQLLVRKFDRRRRgSISFDDFVEACVTLKRLTDAFRKYDTNRTGYATIS 153
EFh_PEF_sorcin cd16187
Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in sorcin; Sorcin, also termed 22 kDa Ca2 ...
538-687 1.58e-26

Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in sorcin; Sorcin, also termed 22 kDa Ca2+-binding protein, CP-22, or V19, is a soluble resistance-related calcium-binding protein that is expressed in normal mammalian tissues, such as the liver, lungs and heart. The up-regulation of sorcin is correlated with a number of cancer types, including colorectal, gastric and breast cancer. It may represent a therapeutic target for reversing tumor multidrug resistance (MDR). Sorcin participates in the regulation of calcium homeostasis in cells and is necessary for the activation of mitosis and cytokinesis. It enhances metastasis and promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of colorectal cancer. Moreover, sorcin has been implicated in the regulation of intracellular Ca2+ cycling and cardiac excitation-contraction coupling. It displays the anti-apoptotic properties via the modulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ handling in cardiac myocytes. It can target and activate the sarcolemmal Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX1) in cardiac muscle. Meanwhile, sorcin modulates cardiac L-type Ca2+ current by functional interaction with the alpha1C subunit. It also associates with calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIdeltaC (CaMKIIdelta(C)) and further modulates ryanodine receptor (RyR) function in cardiac myocytes. Furthermore, sorcin may act as a Ca2+ sensor for glucose-induced nuclear translocation and the activation of carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP)-dependent genes. As a mitochondrial chaperone TRAP1 interactor, sorcin involves in mitochondrial metabolism through the TRAP1 pathway. In addition, sorcin may regulate the inhibition of type I interferon response in cells through interacting with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) VP1. Sorcin contains a flexible glycine and proline-rich N-terminal extension and five EF-hand motifs that associate with membranes in a calcium-dependent manner. It may harbor three potential Ca2+ binding sites through its EF1, EF2 and EF3 hands. However, binding of only two Ca2+/monomer suffices to trigger the conformational change that exposes hydrophobic regions and leads to interaction with the respective targets. Sorcin forms homodimers through the association of the unpaired EF5 hand. Among the PEF proteins, sorcin is unique in that it contains potential phosphorylation sites by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), and it can form a tetramer at slightly acid pH values although remaining a stable dimer at neutral pH.


Pssm-ID: 320062 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 165  Bit Score: 106.14  E-value: 1.58e-26
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 538 FVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRrvlakrQDIKSDG---FSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYREI 614
Cdd:cd16187   6 FAAVAGQDGQIDADELQRCLT------QSGIAGGykpFNLETCRLMISMLDRDMSGTMGFNEFKELWAVLNGWRQHFISF 79
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 32451761 615 DVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDELiIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTI 687
Cdd:cd16187  80 DSDRSGTVDPQELQKALTTMGFRLSPQAVNSIAKRYSTNGK-ITFDDYIACCVKLRALTDSFRRRDTSQQGVV 151
EFh_PEF_grancalcin cd16186
Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in grancalcin; Grancalcin (GCA) is a cytosolic ...
538-689 1.48e-25

Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in grancalcin; Grancalcin (GCA) is a cytosolic Ca2+-binding protein specifically expressed in neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages. It displays a Ca2+-dependent translocation to granules and plasma membrane upon neutrophil activation, suggesting roles in granule-membrane fusion and degranulation of neutrophils. It may also play a role in the regulation of vesicle/granule exocytosis through the reversible binding of secretory vesicles and plasma membranes upon the presence of calcium. Moreover, GCA is involved in inflammation, as well as in the process of adhesion of neutrophils to fibronectin. It plays a key role in leukocyte-specific functions that are responsible for host defense, and affects the function of integrin receptors on immune cells through binding to L-plastin in the absence of calcium. Furthermore, GCA can strongly interact with sorcin to form a heterodimer, and further modulate the function of sorcin. GCA exists as homodimers in solution. It contains five EF-hand motifs attached to an N-terminal region of an approximately 50 residue-long segment rich in glycines and prolines. GCA binds two Ca2+ ions through its EF1 and EF3 hands.


Pssm-ID: 320061 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 165  Bit Score: 103.41  E-value: 1.48e-25
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 538 FVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILrrvlaKRQDIKSD--GFSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYREID 615
Cdd:cd16186   6 FSAVAGQDGEVDAEELQRCL-----TQSGINGTytPFSLETCRIMIAMLDRDHTGKMGFNEFKELWAALNAWKQNFMTVD 80
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 32451761 616 VDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDELIIdFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQL 689
Cdd:cd16186  81 QDRSGTVEPHELRQAIGAMGYRLSPQTLTTIVKRYSKNGRIY-FDDYVACCVKLRALTDFFRRRDHMQQGSVNF 153
EFh_PEF_peflin cd16184
EF-hand, calcium binding motif, found in peflin and similar proteins; Peflin, also termed ...
547-700 5.14e-24

EF-hand, calcium binding motif, found in peflin and similar proteins; Peflin, also termed penta-EF hand (PEF) protein with a long N-terminal hydrophobic domain, or penta-EF hand domain-containing protein 1, is a ubiquitously expressed 30-kD PEF protein containing five EF-hand motifs in its C-terminal domain and a longer N-terminal hydrophobic domain (NHB domain) than any other member of the PEF family. The NHB domain harbors nine repeats of a nonapeptide (A/PPGGPYGGP). Peflin may modulate the function of ALG-2 in Ca2+ signaling. It exists only as a heterodimer with ALG-2, and binds two Ca2+ ions through its EF1 and EF3 hands. Its additional EF5 hand is unpaired and does not bind Ca2+ ion but mediates the heterodimerization with ALG-2. The dissociation of heterodimer occurs in the presence of Ca2+. In lower vertebrates, peflin may interact with transient receptor potential N (TRPN1), suggesting a potential role of peflin in fast transducer channel adaptation.


Pssm-ID: 320059 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 165  Bit Score: 98.88  E-value: 5.14e-24
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 547 EISAFELQTILrrvlakrqdIKSDG--FSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYREIDVDRSGTMNS 624
Cdd:cd16184  16 KISAKELQQAL---------VNGNWshFNDETCRLMIGMFDKDKSGTIDIYEFQALWNYIQQWKQVFQQFDRDRSGSIDE 86
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 32451761 625 YEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDEL-IIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQLNLASWLSFSVL 700
Cdd:cd16184  87 NELHQALSQMGYRLSPQFVQFLVSKYDPRARrSLTLDQFIQVCVQLQSLTDAFRQRDTQMTGTITISYEDFLTMALL 163
EFh_PEF_ALG-2 cd16183
EF-hand, calcium binding motif, found in apoptosis-linked gene 2 protein (ALG-2) and similar ...
548-689 3.06e-23

EF-hand, calcium binding motif, found in apoptosis-linked gene 2 protein (ALG-2) and similar proteins; ALG-2, also termed programmed cell death protein 6 (PDCD6), or probable calcium-binding protein ALG-2, is one of the prototypic members of the penta EF-hand protein family. It is a widely expressed calcium-binding modulator protein associated with cell proliferation and death, as well as cell survival. ALG-2 acts as a pro-apoptotic factor participating in T cell receptor-, Fas-, and glucocorticoid-induced programmed cell death, and also serves as a useful molecular marker for the prognosis of cancers. Moreover, ALG-2 functions as a calcium ion sensor at endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exit sites, and modulates ER-stress-stimulated cell death and neuronal apoptosis during organ formation. Furthermore, ALG-2 can mediate the pro-apoptotic activity of cisplatin or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) through the down-regulation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) expression. It also inhibits angiogenesis through PI3K/mTOR/p70S6K pathway by interacting of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). In addition, nuclear ALG-2 may participate in the post-transcriptional regulation of Inositol Trisphosphate Receptor Type 1 (IP3R1) pre-mRNA at least in part by interacting with CHERP (Ca2+ homeostasis endoplasmic reticulum protein) calcium-dependently. ALG-2 contains five serially repeated EF-hand motifs and interacts with various proteins, including ALG-2-interacting protein X (Alix), Fas, annexin XI, death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPk1), Tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101), Sec31A, phospholipid scramblase 3 (PLSCR3), the P-body component PATL1, and endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT)-III-related protein IST1, in a calcium-dependent manner. It forms a homodimer in the cell or a heterodimer with its closest paralog peflin. Among the PEF proteins, ALG-2 can bind three Ca2+ ions through its EF1, EF3, and EF5 hands, where it is unique in that its EF5 hand binds Ca2+ ion in a canonical coordination.


Pssm-ID: 320058 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 165  Bit Score: 96.94  E-value: 3.06e-23
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 548 ISAFELQTILrrvlakrqdikSDG----FSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYREIDVDRSGTMN 623
Cdd:cd16183  17 ISATELQQAL-----------SNGtwtpFNPETVRLMIGMFDRDNSGTINFQEFAALWKYITDWQNCFRSFDRDNSGNID 85
                        90       100       110       120       130       140
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 32451761 624 SYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARF-ADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQL 689
Cdd:cd16183  86 KNELKQALTSFGYRLSDQFYDILVRKFdRQGRGTIAFDDFIQCCVVLQTLTDSFRRYDTDQDGWIQI 152
EFh_PEF_CalpC cd16197
Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in Drosophila melanogaster calpain-C (CalpC) and ...
534-695 1.16e-19

Penta-EF hand, calcium binding motifs, found in Drosophila melanogaster calpain-C (CalpC) and similar proteins; CalpC, also termed calcium-activated neutral proteinase homolog C (CANP C), is a catalytically inactive homolog of CalpA and CalpB found in Drosophila. It is strongly expressed in the salivary glands. In contrast with CalpA and CalpB, both of which are closely related to that of vertebrate calpains, and they share similar domain architecture, which consists of four domains: the N-terminal domain I, the catalytic domain II carrying the three active site residues, Cys, His and Asn, the Ca2+-regulated phospholipid-binding domain III, and penta-EF-hand Ca2+-binding domain IV. CalpC is a truncated calpain form missing domain I and about 20 residues from domain II. Moreover, due to all three mutated active site residues (Cys to Arg, His to Val and Asn to Ser), it may not have proteolytic activity.


Pssm-ID: 320072 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 166  Bit Score: 86.78  E-value: 1.16e-19
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 534 FRRLFVQLAGEDAEISAFELQTILRRVLAKRQdIKSDGfSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYRE 613
Cdd:cd16197   2 YEPVFLQLADEHRTVNAFELQELLEACLPNDY-IKSCA-NIDVCRQVVLLMDNSGLGRLKFQDFKDFMCSLKWWQGVFKM 79
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 614 IDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARFADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQLNLAS 693
Cdd:cd16197  80 HTKEKTGILRAERLRDALEDVGFQLNTDVLSILILRYMRKDGTLRFGDFVSAVLHLTAAFGSFEKKDPLQNGFIKLSLTE 159

                ..
gi 32451761 694 WL 695
Cdd:cd16197 160 WL 161
EFh_PEF_ALG-2_like cd16185
EF-hand, calcium binding motif, found in homologs of mammalian apoptosis-linked gene 2 protein ...
548-699 1.25e-13

EF-hand, calcium binding motif, found in homologs of mammalian apoptosis-linked gene 2 protein (ALG-2); The family includes some homologs of mammalian apoptosis-linked gene 2 protein (ALG-2) mainly found in lower eukaryotes, such as a parasitic protist Leishmarua major and a cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum. These homologs contains five EF-hand motifs. Due to the presence of unfavorable residues at the Ca2+-coordinating positions, their non-canonical EF4 and EF5 hands may not bind Ca2+. Two Dictyostelium PEF proteins are the prototypes of this family. They may bind to cytoskeletal proteins and/or signal-transducing proteins localized to detergent-resistant membranes named lipid rafts, and occur as monomers or weak homo- or heterodimers like ALG-2. They can serve as a mediator for Ca2+ signaling-related Dictyostehum programmed cell death (PCD).


Pssm-ID: 320060 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 163  Bit Score: 69.17  E-value: 1.25e-13
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 548 ISAFELQTILrrVLAKRqdiksdGFSIETCKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKIQKYQKIYREIDVDRSGTMNSYEM 627
Cdd:cd16185  17 IDVNELQKAL--AGGGL------LFSLATAEKLIRMFDRDGNGTIDFEEFAALHQFLSNMQNGFEQRDTSRSGRLDANEV 88
                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 32451761 628 RKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARF-ADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQLNLASWLSFSV 699
Cdd:cd16185  89 HEALAASGFQLDPPAFQALFRKFdPDRGGSLGFDDYIELCIFLASARNLFQAFDRQRTGRVTLDFNQFVYAAA 161
EFh cd00051
EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal ...
577-631 6.43e-06

EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to the activation or inactivation of target proteins. EF-hands tend to occur in pairs or higher copy numbers.


Pssm-ID: 238008 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 63  Bit Score: 44.08  E-value: 6.43e-06
                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 32451761 577 CKIMVDMLDEDGSGKLGLKEFYILWTKI------QKYQKIYREIDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKAL 631
Cdd:cd00051   2 LREAFRLFDKDGDGTISADELKAALKSLgeglseEEIDEMIREVDKDGDGKIDFEEFLELM 62
EFh_PEF_ALG-2_like cd16185
EF-hand, calcium binding motif, found in homologs of mammalian apoptosis-linked gene 2 protein ...
611-690 1.93e-04

EF-hand, calcium binding motif, found in homologs of mammalian apoptosis-linked gene 2 protein (ALG-2); The family includes some homologs of mammalian apoptosis-linked gene 2 protein (ALG-2) mainly found in lower eukaryotes, such as a parasitic protist Leishmarua major and a cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum. These homologs contains five EF-hand motifs. Due to the presence of unfavorable residues at the Ca2+-coordinating positions, their non-canonical EF4 and EF5 hands may not bind Ca2+. Two Dictyostelium PEF proteins are the prototypes of this family. They may bind to cytoskeletal proteins and/or signal-transducing proteins localized to detergent-resistant membranes named lipid rafts, and occur as monomers or weak homo- or heterodimers like ALG-2. They can serve as a mediator for Ca2+ signaling-related Dictyostehum programmed cell death (PCD).


Pssm-ID: 320060 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 163  Bit Score: 42.59  E-value: 1.93e-04
                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 32451761 611 YREIDVDRSGTMNSYEMRKALEEAGFKLPCQLHQVIVARF-ADDELIIDFDNFVRCLVRLETLFKIFKQLDPENTGTIQL 689
Cdd:cd16185   6 FRAVDRDRSGSIDVNELQKALAGGGLLFSLATAEKLIRMFdRDGNGTIDFEEFAALHQFLSNMQNGFEQRDTSRSGRLDA 85

                .
gi 32451761 690 N 690
Cdd:cd16185  86 N 86
 
Blast search parameters
Data Source: Precalculated data, version = cdd.v.3.21
Preset Options:Database: CDSEARCH/cdd   Low complexity filter: no  Composition Based Adjustment: yes   E-value threshold: 0.01

References:

  • Wang J et al. (2023), "The conserved domain database in 2023", Nucleic Acids Res.51(D)384-8.
  • Lu S et al. (2020), "The conserved domain database in 2020", Nucleic Acids Res.48(D)265-8.
  • Marchler-Bauer A et al. (2017), "CDD/SPARCLE: functional classification of proteins via subfamily domain architectures.", Nucleic Acids Res.45(D)200-3.
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