Macrodomains are found in a variety of proteins with diverse cellular functions, as a stand-alone domain or in combination with other domains like in histone macroH2A and some PARPs (poly ADP-ribose polymerases). Macrodomains can recognize ADP-ribose (ADPr) in both its free and protein-linked forms, in related ligands, such as O-acyl-ADP-ribose (OAADPr), and even in ligands unrelated to ADPr. Members of this subfamily contain a C-terminal macrodomain that show similarity to the yeast protein Poa1p, reported to be a phosphatase specific for Appr-1"-p, a tRNA splicing metabolite. In addition, they also contain an SNF2 domain, defined by the presence of seven motifs with sequence similarity to DNA helicases. SNF2 proteins have the capacity to use the energy released by their DNA-dependent ATPase activity to stabilize or perturb protein-DNA interactions and play important roles in transcriptional regulation, maintenance of chromosome integrity and DNA repair.
Jiyao W et al.(2023). "The conserved domain database in 2023.",