Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) domain found in the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), p115 RhoGEF
The RGS (Regulator of G-protein Signaling) domain is an essential part of the p115RhoGEF protein, a member of the RhoGEF (Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor) subfamily of the RGS protein family. The RhoGEFs are peripheral membrane proteins that regulate essential cellular processes, including cell shape, cell migration, cell cycle progression of cells, and gene transcription by linking signals from heterotrimeric G-alpha12/13 protein-coupled receptors to Rho GTPase activation, leading to various cellular responses, such as actin reorganization and gene expression. The RhoGEF subfamily includes p115RhoGEF, LARG, PDZ-RhoGEF and its rat specific splice variant GTRAP48. The RGS domain of RhoGEFs has very little sequence similarity with the canonical RGS domain of the RGS proteins and is often refered to as RH (RGS Homology) domain. In addition to being a G-alpha13/12 effector, the p115RhoGEF protein also functions as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for G-alpha13. RGS proteins play critical regulatory role as GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) of the heterotrimeric G-protein G-alpha-subunits. RGS proteins play critical regulatory role as GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) of the heterotrimeric G-protein G-alpha-subunits. RGS proteins regulate many aspects of embryonic development such as glial differentiation, embryonic axis formation, skeletal and muscle development, cell migration during early embryogenesis, as well as apoptosis, cell proliferation, and modulation of cardiac development.
Jiyao W et al.(2023). "The conserved domain database in 2023.",