high mobility group (HMG)-box found in group B SRY-related high-mobility group (HMG) box (Sox) transcription factors
SoxB transcription factors play critical roles in the regulation of neurogenesis. They can be divided into two main subgroups, SoxB1 (Sox-1/Sox-2/Sox-3) and SoxB2 (SOX-14/SOX-21). SoxB1 proteins suppress neurogenesis by maintaining neural cells in an undifferentiated state. SoxB2 proteins may have the opposite activity and promote neuronal differentiation. SOX-1 is involved in the regulation of embryonic development and cell fate determination. It also acts as a tumor suppressor that plays an anti-tumorigenicity role in different cells and its expression is inhibited in a variety of cancers. SOX-2 plays an important role in various phases of embryonic development, including cell fate and differentiation. Its overexpression and gene amplification may be associated with tumor aggression and metastasis in various cancer types, including breast, prostate, lung, ovarian and colon cancer. SOX-3 is required during the formation of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. It plays a role in both normal neural development and carcinogenesis. SOX-14, also called SOX-28, acts as a negative regulator of transcription. It is mainly involved in the regulation of neural development. It can also promote proliferation and invasion capacity of cervical cancer cells by activating the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. SOX-21, also called SOX-A, or SOX-25, promotes the progression of vertebrate neurogenesis.
Jiyao W et al.(2023). "The conserved domain database in 2023.",