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SST somatostatin [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 6750, updated on 19-Sep-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
SSTprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
somatostatinprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:11329
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000157005 MIM:182450; AllianceGenome:HGNC:11329
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
SMST; SST1
Summary
The hormone somatostatin has active 14 aa and 28 aa forms that are produced by alternate cleavage of the single preproprotein encoded by this gene. Somatostatin is expressed throughout the body and inhibits the release of numerous secondary hormones by binding to high-affinity G-protein-coupled somatostatin receptors. This hormone is an important regulator of the endocrine system through its interactions with pituitary growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, and most hormones of the gastrointestinal tract. Somatostatin also affects rates of neurotransmission in the central nervous system and proliferation of both normal and tumorigenic cells. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Biased expression in stomach (RPKM 141.6), duodenum (RPKM 136.3) and 5 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See SST in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
3q27.3
Exon count:
2
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 3 NC_000003.12 (187668912..187670394, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 3 NC_060927.1 (190486363..190487845, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 3 NC_000003.11 (187386700..187388182, complement)

Chromosome 3 - NC_000003.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124909471 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:187237003-187237747 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105374262 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:187285231-187286214 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:187286215-187287197 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:187352529-187353028 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr3:187416261-187416442 Neighboring gene hCG1645011-like Neighboring gene receptor transporter protein 2 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:187455905-187456884 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr3:187457386-187457561 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:187458977-187459478 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:187459479-187459978 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:187462369-187462894 Neighboring gene BCL6 transcription repressor Neighboring gene BCL6 antisense RNA 1

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

HIV-1 interactions

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env Co-exposure of human fetal neurons to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and HIV-1 gp120 leads to a dose-dependent increase in BDNF-induced somatostatin (SRIF) production PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables hormone activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables identical protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cell surface receptor signaling pathway TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
involved_in cell-cell signaling TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
involved_in chemical synaptic transmission TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
involved_in digestion TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
involved_in hormone-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in hyperosmotic response IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of cell population proliferation TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of cell migration IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in regulation of postsynaptic membrane neurotransmitter receptor levels IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in response to acidic pH IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in response to amino acid IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in response to nutrient TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
involved_in response to steroid hormone IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in response to xenobiotic stimulus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in somatostatin signaling pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in GABA-ergic synapse IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in cytosol IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in extracellular region TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
is_active_in extracellular space IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in extracellular space TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
located_in neuronal cell body IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in neuronal dense core vesicle IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 

General protein information

Preferred Names
somatostatin
Names
growth hormone release-inhibiting factor
prepro-somatostatin
somatostatin-14
somatostatin-28

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001048.4NP_001039.1  somatostatin preproprotein

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001039.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    BC032625, BM353331, R54287
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS3288.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2R5G3, P01166, P61278
    Related
    ENSP00000287641.3, ENST00000287641.4
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam03002
    Location:99116
    Somatostatin; Somatostatin/Cortistatin family

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000003.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    187668912..187670394 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060927.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    190486363..190487845 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)