Actn4 actinin alpha 4 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Actn4provided by RGD
Official Full Name: actinin alpha 4provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:61816
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000020433 AllianceGenome:RGD:61816
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary: Enables ubiquitin protein ligase binding activity. A structural constituent of postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton. Involved in regulation of apoptotic process and response to hypoxia. Located in neuron projection and stress fiber. Part of protein-containing complex. Is active in glutamatergic synapse and postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 1. Orthologous to human ACTN4 (actinin alpha 4). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Kidney (RPKM 457.6), Spleen (RPKM 243.3) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 1q21

Exon count:: 23

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	1	NC_086019.1 (93310294..93379369, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	1	NC_051336.1 (84182783..84251867, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	1	NC_005100.4 (87078012..87147347, complement)

Chromosome 1 - NC_086019.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Polyornithine activates alpha-Actinins 4 (ACTN4), which is firstly certified to be expessed in neural stem/progenitor cells, to promote filopodia formation and therefore enhances NSPCs migration.
Title: Poly-L-ornithine enhances migration of neural stem/progenitor cells via promoting α-Actinin 4 binding to actin filaments.
Findings suggest that MICAL-L2 is an effector of insulin-activated Rab13, which links to GLUT4 through ACTN4, localizing GLUT4 vesicles at the muscle cell periphery to enable their fusion with the membrane.
Title: A complex of Rab13 with MICAL-L2 and α-actinin-4 is essential for insulin-dependent GLUT4 exocytosis.
After 6 hours of antiorthostatic suspension alpha-actinin 1 and alpha-actinin 4 levels decreased in the membranous fraction of proteins of cardiomyocytes and soleus muscle fibers.
Title: Possible role of non-muscle alpha-actinins in muscle cell mechanosensitivity.
Together, these results indicate that alpha-actinin and the actin cytoskeleton are important components of the cisternal organelle that are probably required to stabilize the AIS.
Title: Colocalization of α-actinin and synaptopodin in the pyramidal cell axon initial segment.
The calcium sensitivity of alpha-actinin is required for its equatorial accumulation that is crucial for the initial equatorial actin assembly but is dispensable for cytokinesis.
Title: Calcium sensitivity of α-actinin is required for equatorial actin assembly during cytokinesis.
Alpha-actinin-4 K256E triggers several metabolic abnormalities, which may lead to glomerular epithelial cell injury and glomerulosclerosis.
Title: Glomerular epithelial cell injury associated with mutant alpha-actinin-4.
ACTN4 contributes to GLUT4 traffic, likely by tethering GLUT4 vesicles to the cortical actin cytoskeleton
Title: Alpha-actinin-4 is selectively required for insulin-induced GLUT4 translocation.
both high glucose and advanced glycosylation end products induce the cytoplasmic translocation and suppress the production of alpha-actinin-4 at the transcriptional level with post-translational modification in diabetic conditions
Title: High glucose and advanced glycosylated end-products affect the expression of alpha-actinin-4 in glomerular epithelial cells.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

MARC_12245-12246:1008698037:1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:267380

MARC_12245-12246:1043934929:1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:267380

BM385106 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:260989

RH130124 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:213412

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables actin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables actin filament binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables actin filament binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables actin filament binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables calcium ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables chromatin DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables chromatin DNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables nuclear receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables nuclear receptor coactivator activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables nuclear receptor coactivator activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables nuclear receptor coactivator activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables nuclear retinoic acid receptor binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables nuclear retinoic acid receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables nucleoside binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables nucleoside binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein homodimerization activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein homodimerization activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein-containing complex binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables structural constituent of cytoskeleton	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables structural constituent of postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables structural constituent of postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables transcription coactivator activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables transmembrane transporter binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables transmembrane transporter binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables ubiquitin protein ligase binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in actin cytoskeleton organization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in actin filament bundle assembly	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in bicellular tight junction assembly	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within gene expression	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glomerulus development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in muscle cell development	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in negative regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in podocyte cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell migration	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of pinocytosis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton organization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in protein localization to bicellular tight junction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in protein transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of apoptotic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in response to hypoxia	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in vesicle transport along actin filament	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in vesicle transport along actin filament	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in Z disc	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in Z disc	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in actin cytoskeleton	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in actin cytoskeleton	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in anchoring junction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in cell junction	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in cell projection	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cell-cell junction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in cortical actin cytoskeleton	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cortical actin cytoskeleton	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cortical cytoskeleton	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in focal adhesion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
located_in neuron projection	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
is_active_in plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of protein-containing complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of protein-containing complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in pseudopodium	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of ribonucleoprotein complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
part_of ribonucleoprotein complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of ribonucleoprotein complex	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in stress fiber	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in stress fiber	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in stress fiber	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: alpha-actinin-4

Names: F-actin cross-linking protein; non-muscle alpha-actinin 4

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_031675.2 → NP_113863.2 alpha-actinin-4

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_113863.2

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AI070095, BC061788, BQ206143, CB805703

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q6P786, Q9QXQ0

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A8L2UKD4, A6J9M1

Related

ENSRNOP00000027773.7, ENSRNOT00000027773.9

Conserved Domains (6) summary

cd00014
Location:164 → 268

CH; Calponin homology domain; actin-binding domain which may be present as a single copy or in tandem repeats (which increases binding affinity). The CH domain is found in cytoskeletal and signal transduction proteins, including actin-binding proteins like ...

cd00051
Location:769 → 836

EFh; EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to ...

cd00176
Location:414 → 640

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...

pfam00307
Location:51 → 149

CH; Calponin homology (CH) domain

pfam08726
Location:841 → 907

EFhand_Ca_insen; Ca2+ insensitive EF hand

pfam13499
Location:771 → 835

EF-hand_7; EF-hand domain pair

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

NC_086019.1 Reference GRCr8

Range

93310294..93379369 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_006228688.3 → XP_006228750.1 alpha-actinin-4 isoform X2

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0G2K013, A0A8L2UKD4

Conserved Domains (6) summary

cd00014
Location:164 → 268

CH; Calponin homology domain; actin-binding domain which may be present as a single copy or in tandem repeats (which increases binding affinity). The CH domain is found in cytoskeletal and signal transduction proteins, including actin-binding proteins like ...

cd00051
Location:769 → 831

EFh; EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to ...

cd00176
Location:414 → 640

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...

pfam00307
Location:51 → 149

CH; Calponin homology (CH) domain

pfam08726
Location:836 → 902

EFhand_Ca_insen; Ca2+ insensitive EF hand

pfam13499
Location:771 → 830

EF-hand_7; EF-hand domain pair
XM_006228689.3 → XP_006228751.1 alpha-actinin-4 isoform X3

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A8L2UKD4

Related

ENSRNOP00000100770.1, ENSRNOT00000140892.1

Conserved Domains (6) summary

cd00014
Location:164 → 268

CH; Calponin homology domain; actin-binding domain which may be present as a single copy or in tandem repeats (which increases binding affinity). The CH domain is found in cytoskeletal and signal transduction proteins, including actin-binding proteins like ...

cd00051
Location:769 → 831

EFh; EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to ...

cd00176
Location:414 → 640

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...

pfam00307
Location:51 → 149

CH; Calponin homology (CH) domain

pfam08726
Location:836 → 902

EFhand_Ca_insen; Ca2+ insensitive EF hand

pfam13499
Location:771 → 830

EF-hand_7; EF-hand domain pair
XM_006228687.3 → XP_006228749.1 alpha-actinin-4 isoform X1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A8L2UKD4

Related

ENSRNOP00000106020.1, ENSRNOT00000136183.1

Conserved Domains (6) summary

cd00014
Location:164 → 268

CH; Calponin homology domain; actin-binding domain which may be present as a single copy or in tandem repeats (which increases binding affinity). The CH domain is found in cytoskeletal and signal transduction proteins, including actin-binding proteins like ...

cd00051
Location:769 → 836

EFh; EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to ...

cd00176
Location:414 → 640

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...

pfam00307
Location:51 → 149

CH; Calponin homology (CH) domain

pfam08726
Location:841 → 907

EFhand_Ca_insen; Ca2+ insensitive EF hand

pfam13499
Location:771 → 835

EF-hand_7; EF-hand domain pair
XM_008759185.3 → XP_008757407.1 alpha-actinin-4 isoform X4

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A8L2UKD4

Related

ENSRNOP00000103109.1, ENSRNOT00000151438.1

Conserved Domains (5) summary

cd00014
Location:164 → 268

CH; Calponin homology domain; actin-binding domain which may be present as a single copy or in tandem repeats (which increases binding affinity). The CH domain is found in cytoskeletal and signal transduction proteins, including actin-binding proteins like ...

cd00051
Location:769 → 858

EFh; EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to ...

cd00176
Location:414 → 640

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...

pfam00307
Location:51 → 149

CH; Calponin homology (CH) domain

pfam08726
Location:863 → 929

EFhand_Ca_insen; Ca2+ insensitive EF hand