Artn artemin [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Artnprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: arteminprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:621427
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000019842 AllianceGenome:RGD:621427
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary: Predicted to enable growth factor activity. Involved in peripheral nervous system development. Predicted to be active in extracellular space. Used to study peripheral nervous system disease. Biomarker of peripheral nervous system disease. Orthologous to human ARTN (artemin). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Lung (RPKM 10.3), Uterus (RPKM 7.1) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 5q36

Exon count:: 5

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	5	NC_086023.1 (136750188..136755645, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	5	NC_051340.1 (131458596..131470193, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	5	NC_005104.4 (136759717..136765036, complement)

Chromosome 5 - NC_086023.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

We have shown evidence of a role for GDNF, neurturin, and artemin in the activation and sensitization of bone afferent neurons, and that sequestering these ligands reduces pain behavior in a model of inflammatory bone pain
Title: GDNF, Neurturin, and Artemin Activate and Sensitize Bone Afferent Neurons and Contribute to Inflammatory Bone Pain.
Results indicate a previously unknown role of artemin in regulating inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in primary cultured TGNs, and regulation of iNOS might be involved in the mechanism through which artemin participates in the trigeminal pain pathway.
Title: Artemin transiently increases iNOS expression in primary cultured trigeminal ganglion neurons.
indicate the important roles of peripherally-derived artemin on the regulation of TRPV1/A1 in DRG neurons in pathological conditions such as inflammatory and neuropathic pain
Title: Peripherally increased artemin is a key regulator of TRPA1/V1 expression in primary afferent neurons.
artemin has a role in robust regeneration of large, myelinated sensory axons to the brainstem and in promoting functional reinnervation of the cuneate nucleus
Title: Artemin promotes functional long-distance axonal regeneration to the brainstem after dorsal root crush.
This study suggest that Artn regulates the expression and composition of nAChRs in GFRalpha3 nociceptors and that these changes contribute to the thermal hypersensitivity that develops in response to Artn injection and perhaps to inflammation.
Title: Artemin growth factor increases nicotinic cholinergic receptor subunit expression and activity in nociceptive sensory neurons.
These anatomical results support the hypothesis that artemin contributes to dural afferent activity, and possibly migraine pain, through modulation of both primary afferent and sympathetic systems.
Title: Distribution of artemin and GFRalpha3 labeled nerve fibers in the dura mater of rat: artemin and GFRalpha3 in the dura.
Artemin promoted re-entry of multiple classes of sensory fibers into the spinal cord and re-establishment of synaptic function and simple behavior as well as promoted the recovery of complex behavior.
Title: Persistent restoration of sensory function by immediate or delayed systemic artemin after dorsal root injury.
These data indicate that artemin is expressed in arteries, and its receptors are expressed and functional in the postganglionic sympathetic neurons that innervate them.
Title: Vascular-derived artemin: a determinant of vascular sympathetic innervation?
ARTN acts as potent neurotrophic factor that may play an important role in the structural development and plasticity of ventral mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons
Title: The GDNF family members neurturin, artemin and persephin promote the morphological differentiation of cultured ventral mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons.
Inhibition of DNA methylation suppressed the artemin-dependent neurite growth, which could be relevant to neurite elongation in mature dorsal root ganglia.
Title: Transcriptional regulation of artemin is related to neurite outgrowth and actin polymerization in mature DRG neurons.

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General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables growth factor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables growth factor activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables growth factor activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables receptor tyrosine kinase binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables signaling receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in Peyer's patch morphogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within axon guidance	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within induction of positive chemotaxis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in lymphocyte migration into lymphoid organs	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in peripheral nervous system development	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in peripheral nervous system development	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within peripheral nervous system development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: artemin

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_053397.1 → NP_445849.1 artemin precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_445849.1

Status: PROVISIONAL

Source sequence(s)

BC079078

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q6AYE8, Q810F6, Q810F7, Q9QZG3

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6JZG2

Related

ENSRNOP00000026852.2, ENSRNOT00000026852.5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd19381
Location:126 → 223

TGF_beta_Artemin; transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) like domain found in Artemin and similar proteins

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

NC_086023.1 Reference GRCr8

Range

136750188..136755645 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_039110299.2 → XP_038966227.1 artemin isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q6AYE8, Q810F6, Q810F7, Q9QZG3

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6JZG2

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd19381
Location:126 → 223

TGF_beta_Artemin; transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) like domain found in Artemin and similar proteins
XM_039110297.2 → XP_038966225.1 artemin isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q6AYE8, Q810F6, Q810F7, Q9QZG3

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6JZG2

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd19381
Location:126 → 223

TGF_beta_Artemin; transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) like domain found in Artemin and similar proteins