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Gad1 glutamate decarboxylase 1 [ Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) ]

Gene ID: 24379, updated on 2-Nov-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Gad1provided by RGD
Official Full Name
glutamate decarboxylase 1provided by RGD
Primary source
RGD:2652
See related
EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000000007 AllianceGenome:RGD:2652
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
PROVISIONAL
Organism
Rattus norvegicus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as
Gad67
Summary
Enables glutamate binding activity; glutamate decarboxylase activity; and pyridoxal phosphate binding activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to serotonin; gamma-aminobutyric acid biosynthetic process; and positive regulation of locomotion involved in locomotory behavior. Located in neuronal cell body and presynaptic active zone. Used to study diabetes mellitus. Biomarker of several diseases, including autism spectrum disorder; drug psychosis; morphine dependence; transient cerebral ischemia; and withdrawal disorder. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including alcohol dependence; amphetamine abuse; developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 89; drug psychosis; and heroin dependence. Orthologous to human GAD1 (glutamate decarboxylase 1). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression
Restricted expression toward (RPKM 455.7) See more
Orthologs
human mouse all
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Genomic context

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See Gad1 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
3q22
Exon count:
19
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1) 3 NC_086021.1 (75777260..75818099)
RS_2023_06 previous assembly mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2) 3 NC_051338.1 (55369704..55410335)
106 previous assembly Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5) 3 NC_005102.4 (56861440..56902139)

Chromosome 3 - NC_086021.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC120101561 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC134486380 Neighboring gene glutamate-rich 2 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC134486102 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC134486101 Neighboring gene golgi reassembly stacking protein 2 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC120101562

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
  • Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
  • BioProject: PRJNA238328
  • Publication: PMID 24510058
  • Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Post-weaning social isolation rearing influences the expression of molecules related to inhibitory neurotransmission and structural plasticity in the amygdala of adult rats. Gilabert-Juan J, et al. Brain Res, 2012 Apr 11. PMID 22356888
  2. Chronic social subordination stress modulates glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 67 mRNA expression in central stress circuits. Makinson R, et al. Physiol Behav, 2015 Jul 1. PMID 26066725, Free PMC Article
  3. Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)67, but not GAD65, is constitutively expressed during development and transiently overexpressed by activity in the granule cells of the rat. Maqueda J, et al. Neurosci Lett, 2003 Dec 15. PMID 14642440
  4. Glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 mRNA regulation in two globus pallidus neuron populations by dopamine and the subthalamic nucleus. Billings LM, et al. J Neurosci, 2004 Mar 24. PMID 15044549, Free PMC Article
  5. Alterations of prefrontal cortex GABAergic transmission in the complex psychotic-like phenotype induced by adolescent delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol exposure in rats. Zamberletti E, et al. Neurobiol Dis, 2014 Mar. PMID 24200867

See all (106) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Expression of GAD65/67 and VGLUT2 in Mediobasal Nuclei of Rat Hypothalamus during Aging.
    Title: Expression of GAD65/67 and VGLUT2 in Mediobasal Nuclei of Rat Hypothalamus during Aging.
  2. Age-related changes in glutamic acid decarboxylase 1 gene expression in the medial prefrontal cortex and ventral hippocampus of fear-potentiated rats subjected to isolation stress.
    Title: Age-related changes in glutamic acid decarboxylase 1 gene expression in the medial prefrontal cortex and ventral hippocampus of fear-potentiated rats subjected to isolation stress.
  3. Parvalbumin in the metabolic pathway of glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid: Influence on expression of GAD65 and GAD67.
    Title: Parvalbumin in the metabolic pathway of glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid: Influence on expression of GAD65 and GAD67.
  4. Homotaurine ameliorates the core ASD symptomatology in VPA rats through GABAergic signaling: Role of GAD67.
    Title: Homotaurine ameliorates the core ASD symptomatology in VPA rats through GABAergic signaling: Role of GAD67.
  5. The upregulation of glutamate decarboxylase 67 against hippocampal excitability damage in male fetal rats by prenatal caffeine exposure.
    Title: The upregulation of glutamate decarboxylase 67 against hippocampal excitability damage in male fetal rats by prenatal caffeine exposure.
  6. Impact of GAD65 and/or GAD67 deficiency on perinatal development in rats.
    Title: Impact of GAD65 and/or GAD67 deficiency on perinatal development in rats.
  7. Genetic deletion of the 67-kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase alters conditioned fear behavior in rats.
    Title: Genetic deletion of the 67-kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase alters conditioned fear behavior in rats.
  8. Profile of miR-23 Expression and Possible Role in Regulation of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase during Postnatal Retinal Development.
    Title: Profile of miR-23 Expression and Possible Role in Regulation of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase during Postnatal Retinal Development.
  9. GAD67 expression is impaired in the brain of schizophrenia-related WISKET rats.
    Title: Impaired GAD1 expression in schizophrenia-related WISKET rat model with sex-dependent aggressive behavior and motivational deficit.
  10. Prenatal caffeine exposure induced a high expression of hippocampal GAD67 in rats.
    Title: High expression of hippocampal glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 mediates hypersensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in response to prenatal caffeine exposure in rats.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (51)

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables glutamate binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables glutamate decarboxylase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables glutamate decarboxylase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables glutamate decarboxylase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables glutamate decarboxylase activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables glutamate decarboxylase activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
enables identical protein binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables identical protein binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables identical protein binding ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein-containing complex binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables pyridoxal phosphate binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables pyridoxal phosphate binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in carboxylic acid metabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in cellular response to hypoxia IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to serotonin IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in gamma-aminobutyric acid biosynthetic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in gamma-aminobutyric acid biosynthetic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in gamma-aminobutyric acid biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in gamma-aminobutyric acid biosynthetic process ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in glutamate catabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in glutamate catabolic process ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in locomotory exploration behavior IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within locomotory exploration behavior ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of locomotion involved in locomotory behavior IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to auditory stimulus IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to caloric restriction IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to cocaine IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to ethanol IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to isolation stress IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to methamphetamine hydrochloride IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to morphine IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to progesterone IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to toxic substance IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to xenobiotic stimulus IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in social behavior IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in social behavior IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within social behavior ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in GABA-ergic synapse IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in GABA-ergic synapse ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in axon ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in axon terminus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in axon terminus ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in cell cortex IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in cell cortex ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in cytoplasm ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in inhibitory synapse IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in inhibitory synapse ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in neuron projection terminus ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in neuronal cell body IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
is_active_in presynapse ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
is_active_in presynaptic active zone IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in presynaptic active zone IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in presynaptic active zone IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in presynaptic active zone ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in synapse ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
glutamate decarboxylase 1
Names
67 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase
GAD-67
Glutamate decarboxylase 1 (brain)
glutamate decarboxylase 1 variant GAD67NT
glutamic acid decarboxylase 1
NP_058703.1
XP_017446943.1
XP_038960170.1
XP_063139145.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_017007.2 → NP_058703.1  glutamate decarboxylase 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_058703.1

    Status: PROVISIONAL

    Source sequence(s)
    JAXUCZ010000003
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P18088
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0G2K7I5, C9E895
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000000008.3, ENSRNOT00000000008.6
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam00282
    Location:143 → 517
    Pyridoxal_deC; Pyridoxal-dependent decarboxylase conserved domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

  1. NC_086021.1 Reference GRCr8

    Range
    75777260..75818099
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_063283075.1 → XP_063139145.1  glutamate decarboxylase 1 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P18088
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    C9E895
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000103968.1, ENSRNOT00000164935.1

  2. XM_017591454.3 → XP_017446943.1  glutamate decarboxylase 1 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P18088
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0G2K7I5, C9E895
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam00282
    Location:143 → 517
    Pyridoxal_deC; Pyridoxal-dependent decarboxylase conserved domain

  3. XM_039104242.2 → XP_038960170.1  glutamate decarboxylase 1 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B3VQJ0
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam00282
    Location:1 → 368
    Pyridoxal_deC; Pyridoxal-dependent decarboxylase conserved domain
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P18088.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P18088

Gene LinkOut

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