Th tyrosine hydroxylase [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Thprovided by MGI
Official Full Name: tyrosine hydroxylaseprovided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:98735
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000000214 AllianceGenome:MGI:98735
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Summary: Predicted to enable several functions, including cation binding activity; oxygen binding activity; and tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity. Involved in eye development and visual perception. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine; dopaminergic synaptic transmission; and learning or memory. Located in several cellular components, including axon; perikaryon; and perinuclear region of cytoplasm. Is expressed in several structures, including alimentary system; cardiovascular system; eye; genitourinary system; and nervous system. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Parkinson's disease; Parkinsonism; heroin dependence; hypertension; and obesity. Orthologous to human TH (tyrosine hydroxylase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in adrenal adult (RPKM 216.0) and frontal lobe adult (RPKM 33.7) See more
Orthologs: human all
NEW: Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

Location:: 7 F5; 7 88.06 cM

Exon count:: 13

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	7	NC_000073.7 (142446516..142453732, complement)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	7	NC_000073.6 (142892779..142899995, complement)

Chromosome 7 - NC_000073.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Go to the top of the page Help

Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

Go to the top of the page Help

See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

Go to the top of the page Help

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The C886T Mutation in the Th Gene Reduces the Activity of Tyrosine Hydroxylase in the Mouse Brain.
Title: The C886T Mutation in the Th Gene Reduces the Activity of Tyrosine Hydroxylase in the Mouse Brain.
Effects of Bradykinin B2 Receptor Ablation from Tyrosine Hydroxylase Cells on Behavioral and Motor Aspects in Male and Female Mice.
Title: Effects of Bradykinin B2 Receptor Ablation from Tyrosine Hydroxylase Cells on Behavioral and Motor Aspects in Male and Female Mice.
Compensatory Processes in Striatal Neurons Expressing the Tyrosine Hydroxylase Gene in Transgenic Mice in a Model of Parkinson's Disease.
Title: Compensatory Processes in Striatal Neurons Expressing the Tyrosine Hydroxylase Gene in Transgenic Mice in a Model of Parkinson's Disease.
DNA Methylation-Dependent Restriction of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Contributes to Pancreatic beta-Cell Heterogeneity.
Title: DNA Methylation-Dependent Restriction of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Contributes to Pancreatic β-Cell Heterogeneity.
[Improved immunity and mean lifespan in mature mice genetically deficient in catecholamine synthesis after living with wild type for two months].
Title: [Improved immunity and mean lifespan in mature mice genetically deficient in catecholamine synthesis after living with wild type for two months].
Exercise increases NPY/AgRP and TH neuron activity in the hypothalamus of female mice.
Title: Exercise increases NPY/AgRP and TH neuron activity in the hypothalamus of female mice.
Intervention of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Expression Alters Joint Inflammation and Th17/Treg Imbalance in Collagen-Induced Arthritis.
Title: Intervention of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Expression Alters Joint Inflammation and Th17/Treg Imbalance in Collagen-Induced Arthritis.
Association of tyrosine hydroxylase expression in brain and tumor with increased tumor growth in sympathectomized mice.
Title: Association of tyrosine hydroxylase expression in brain and tumor with increased tumor growth in sympathectomized mice.
Focused ultrasound enhanced intranasal delivery of brain derived neurotrophic factor produces neurorestorative effects in a Parkinson's disease mouse model.
Title: Focused ultrasound enhanced intranasal delivery of brain derived neurotrophic factor produces neurorestorative effects in a Parkinson's disease mouse model.
The transcription factor REST up-regulates tyrosine hydroxylase and antiapoptotic genes and protects dopaminergic neurons against manganese toxicity.
Title: The transcription factor REST up-regulates tyrosine hydroxylase and antiapoptotic genes and protects dopaminergic neurons against manganese toxicity.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (99)

Variation

Go to the top of the page Help

Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (7)
Targeted (20) 1 citation

Interactions

Go to the top of the page Help

Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

Go to the top of the page Help

Markers

Th (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:267008

Th (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:545835

Th (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:545836

Th (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:545837

Th (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:516201

Tmem50b (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:527583

Th (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:144615

Th (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:144616

M69200 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:159723

M69200 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:159724

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables amino acid binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables amino acid binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables dopamine binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables dopamine binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables enzyme binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables enzyme binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables ferric iron binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables ferric iron binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables ferrous iron binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables ferrous iron binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables identical protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables monooxygenase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables oxygen binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables oxygen binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein domain specific binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein domain specific binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables small molecule binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables tetrahydrobiopterin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables tetrahydrobiopterin binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in aminergic neurotransmitter loading into synaptic vesicle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in aminergic neurotransmitter loading into synaptic vesicle	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within animal organ morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in catecholamine biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cellular response to alkaloid	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular response to glucose stimulus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular response to growth factor stimulus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular response to manganese ion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular response to nicotine	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cerebral cortex development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in circadian sleep/wake cycle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in dopamine biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within eating behavior	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within eating behavior	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in epinephrine biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in epinephrine biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in eye photoreceptor cell development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in fatty acid metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in glycoside metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in heart development	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within heart development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in heart development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in hyaloid vascular plexus regression	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in isoquinoline alkaloid metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within learning	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within locomotory behavior	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within locomotory behavior	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within mating behavior	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within memory	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in norepinephrine biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in norepinephrine biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in phthalate metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in phytoalexin metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of heart contraction	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in response to activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to amphetamine	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to corticosterone	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to electrical stimulus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to estradiol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to ethanol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in response to ethanol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to ethanol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to ether	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to herbicide	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to hypoxia	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in response to hypoxia	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to hypoxia	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to immobilization stress	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to isolation stress	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to light stimulus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to lipopolysaccharide	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to nutrient levels	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to peptide hormone	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to pyrethroid	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to salt stress	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to zinc ion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in social behavior	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in sphingolipid metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within synaptic transmission, dopaminergic	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in terpene metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in visual perception	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in axon	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in axon	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in axon	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytoplasmic vesicle	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytoplasmic vesicle membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in dendrite	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in dendrite	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in melanosome membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in melanosome membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in mitochondrion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in mitochondrion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in neuron projection	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in neuron projection	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in neuronal cell body	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in perikaryon	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in perikaryon	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in perikaryon	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in smooth endoplasmic reticulum	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in smooth endoplasmic reticulum	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in synaptic vesicle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in synaptic vesicle	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in terminal bouton	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in terminal bouton	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help

Preferred Names: tyrosine 3-monooxygenase

Names: tyrosine 3-hydroxylase

NP_033403.1

EC 1.14.16.2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

Go to the top of the page Help

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_009377.2 → NP_033403.1 tyrosine 3-monooxygenase

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_033403.1

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AK139568, BB868869, CJ194802

Consensus CDS

CCDS22036.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P24529

Related

ENSMUSP00000000219.4, ENSMUST00000000219.10

Conserved Domains (4) summary

TIGR01269
Location:38 → 495

Tyr_3_monoox; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, tetrameric

cd04930
Location:38 → 158

ACT_TH; ACT domain of the nonheme iron-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase, tyrosine hydroxylases (TH)

pfam00351
Location:165 → 495

Biopterin_H; Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase

pfam12549
Location:2 → 26

TOH_N; Tyrosine hydroxylase N terminal