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Max Max protein [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

Gene ID: 17187, updated on 2-Nov-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Maxprovided by MGI
Official Full Name
Max proteinprovided by MGI
Primary source
MGI:MGI:96921
See related
Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000059436 AllianceGenome:MGI:96921
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Mus musculus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as
bHLHd4; bHLHd5; bHLHd6; bHLHd7; bHLHd8
Summary
Enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Involved in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Acts upstream of or within regulation of DNA-templated transcription. Located in nucleus. Part of Myc-Max complex. Is expressed in several structures, including central nervous system; early conceptus; genitourinary system; lens; and upper jaw. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in lung small cell carcinoma and pheochromocytoma. Orthologous to human MAX (MYC associated factor X). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in large intestine adult (RPKM 24.2), small intestine adult (RPKM 21.0) and 28 other tissues See more
Orthologs
human all
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Genomic context

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See Max in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
12 C3; 12 33.78 cM
Exon count:
7
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 12 NC_000078.7 (76984045..77009123, complement)
108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 12 NC_000078.6 (76937269..76962323, complement)

Chromosome 12 - NC_000078.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene farnesyltransferase, CAAX box, beta Neighboring gene predicted gene, 46357 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 46358 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_32542 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E3056 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_32548 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 35041 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr12:78140672-78140781 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 35189

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
  • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
  • BioProject: PRJNA66167
  • Publication: PMID 25409824
  • Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Essential role for Max in early embryonic growth and development. Shen-Li H, et al. Genes Dev, 2000 Jan 1. PMID 10640271, Free PMC Article
  2. Max is a repressor of germ cell-related gene expression in mouse embryonic stem cells. Maeda I, et al. Nat Commun, 2013. PMID 23612295
  3. Regulation of murine Max (Myn) parallels the regulation of c-Myc in differentiating murine erythroleukemia cells. Dunn BK, et al. Cell Growth Differ, 1994 Aug. PMID 7986749
  4. Variant Max protein, derived by alternative splicing, associates with c-Myc in vivo and inhibits transactivation. Arsura M, et al. Mol Cell Biol, 1995 Dec. PMID 8524235, Free PMC Article
  5. Loss of MAX results in meiotic entry in mouse embryonic and germline stem cells. Suzuki A, et al. Nat Commun, 2016 Mar 30. PMID 27025988, Free PMC Article

See all (81) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. MAX controls meiotic entry in sexually undifferentiated germ cells.
    Title: MAX controls meiotic entry in sexually undifferentiated germ cells.
  2. Integrated analysis of mRNA-seq and miRNA-seq reveals the potential roles of Egr1, Rxra and Max in kidney stone disease.
    Title: Integrated analysis of mRNA-seq and miRNA-seq reveals the potential roles of Egr1, Rxra and Max in kidney stone disease.
  3. SARS-CoV-2 Nsp6 damages Drosophila heart and mouse cardiomyocytes through MGA/MAX complex-mediated increased glycolysis.
    Title: SARS-CoV-2 Nsp6 damages Drosophila heart and mouse cardiomyocytes through MGA/MAX complex-mediated increased glycolysis.
  4. Repression of germline genes by PRC1.6 and SETDB1 in the early embryo precedes DNA methylation-mediated silencing.
    Title: Repression of germline genes by PRC1.6 and SETDB1 in the early embryo precedes DNA methylation-mediated silencing.
  5. MAX Functions as a Tumor Suppressor and Rewires Metabolism in Small Cell Lung Cancer.
    Title: MAX Functions as a Tumor Suppressor and Rewires Metabolism in Small Cell Lung Cancer.
  6. We also describe that B lymphocytes lacking Myc, Max, or both show upregulation of signaling pathways associated with the B-cell receptor. These data suggest that c-Myc/Max heterodimers are not essential for the initiation of a subset of important biological processes in B lymphocytes, but are required for fine-tuning the initial response after activation.
    Title: Functional interplay between c-Myc and Max in B lymphocyte differentiation.
  7. MAX associated with DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and the histone methyltransferase SETDB1 cooperatively control germ cell-related gene expression in embryonic stem cells.
    Title: DNMTs and SETDB1 function as co-repressors in MAX-mediated repression of germ cell-related genes in mouse embryonic stem cells.
  8. Studies suggest that inducible MYC Associated Factor X (MAX) knockout embryonic stem cells (ESCs) provide an excellent platform for exploring the molecular mechanisms of meiosis initiation.
    Title: Does MAX open up a new avenue for meiotic research?
  9. MAX is a new regulator of meiotic onset.
    Title: Loss of MAX results in meiotic entry in mouse embryonic and germline stem cells.
  10. Max is part of protein complex that acts as a repressor of germ cell-related genes in embryonic stem cells.
    Title: Max is a repressor of germ cell-related gene expression in mouse embryonic stem cells.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (13)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
  • Endonuclease-mediated (2) 
  • Targeted (2)  1 citation

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables DNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables DNA binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables DNA-binding transcription factor binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables DNA-binding transcription factor binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
contributes_to DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
enables E-box binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables E-box binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
contributes_to RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables identical protein binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables identical protein binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein dimerization activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables protein-containing complex binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables protein-containing complex binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables sequence-specific DNA binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in cellular response to starvation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in neuron apoptotic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in protein-containing complex assembly IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in protein-containing complex assembly ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of DNA-templated transcription IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to axon injury IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in response to insulin IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in retina development in camera-type eye IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of MLL1 complex ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
part_of MLL1 complex ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
part_of Mad-Max complex ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
part_of Myc-Max complex IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
part_of Myc-Max complex ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in PML body IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in PML body ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
part_of RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
part_of RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in chromatin IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in chromatin ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in dendrite IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in dendrite ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in nucleus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in nucleus ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
part_of protein-DNA complex IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
part_of protein-DNA complex ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
protein max
Names
myc-associated factor X
myc-binding novel HLH/LZ protein
protein myn

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001146176.2 → NP_001139648.1  protein max isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001139648.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an exon in the 5' coding region compared to variant 1 but maintains the reading frame. The encoded protein (isoform 2) is shorter but has the same N- and C-termini compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC124556
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS49094.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q8C4Y1
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000080778.6, ENSMUST00000082136.7
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd11406
    Location:15 → 83
    bHLHzip_Max; basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in protein Max and similar proteins

  2. NM_001361663.2 → NP_001348592.1  protein max isoform 3

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC124556
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd11406
    Location:24 → 92
    bHLHzip_Max; basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in protein Max and similar proteins

  3. NM_001361664.2 → NP_001348593.1  protein max isoform 4

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC124556

  4. NM_001422052.1 → NP_001408981.1  protein max isoform 5

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC124556
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A1W2P7P4
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000151710.2, ENSMUST00000218640.2

  5. NM_001422053.1 → NP_001408982.1  protein max isoform 4

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC124556

  6. NM_008558.3 → NP_032584.2  protein max isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_032584.2

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC124556
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS36479.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2RS19, P28574, Q8C4Y1
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000106025.4, ENSMUST00000110395.11
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd11406
    Location:24 → 92
    bHLHzip_Max; basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in protein Max and similar proteins

RNA

  1. NR_185481.1 RNA Sequence

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC124556

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

  1. NC_000078.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Range
    76984045..77009123 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_036157209.1 → XP_036013102.1  protein max isoform X2

  2. XM_030246570.2 → XP_030102430.1  protein max isoform X2

  3. XM_030246571.1 → XP_030102431.1  protein max isoform X2

RNA

  1. XR_872708.4 RNA Sequence

Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P28574.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P28574

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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