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ARPC2 actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 10109, updated on 3-Nov-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
ARPC2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:705
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000163466 MIM:604224; AllianceGenome:HGNC:705
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
ARC34; PRO2446; p34-Arc; PNAS-139
Summary
This gene encodes one of seven subunits of the human Arp2/3 protein complex. The Arp2/3 protein complex has been implicated in the control of actin polymerization in cells and has been conserved through evolution. The exact role of the protein encoded by this gene, the p34 subunit, has yet to be determined. Two alternatively spliced variants have been characterized to date. Additional alternatively spliced variants have been described but their full length nature has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in lymph node (RPKM 92.4), bone marrow (RPKM 89.6) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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See ARPC2 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
2q35
Exon count:
11
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 2 NC_000002.12 (218217189..218254348)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 2 NC_060926.1 (218702891..218740055)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 2 NC_000002.11 (219081912..219119071)

Chromosome 2 - NC_000002.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene high mobility group box 1 pseudogene 9 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC101928487 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:219081921-219082524 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 12312 Neighboring gene tRNA-Tyr (anticodon ATA) 1-1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:219126185-219126990 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17115 Neighboring gene G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:219133153-219134038 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17116 Neighboring gene angio associated migratory cell protein

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Arp2/3 and Mena/VASP Require Profilin 1 for Actin Network Assembly at the Leading Edge.
    Title: Arp2/3 and Mena/VASP Require Profilin 1 for Actin Network Assembly at the Leading Edge.
  2. Study provides evidence that the 5'-UTR1 of ARPC2 has internal ribosome entry site activity and regulates translation during stressful cellular conditions such as high cell density.
    Title: Alternatively spliced variants of the 5'-UTR of the ARPC2 mRNA regulate translation by an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) harboring a guanine-quadruplex motif.
  3. Results find that ARPC2 expression is upregulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. ARPC2 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of human breast cancer cells. ARPC2 is regulated by RBM2 in a posttranscriptional 3'UTRbinding manner. Also, ARPC2 plays an oncogenic role and mediates the promoting role of RBM3 in the proliferation and metastasis of human breast cancer cells.
    Title: RBM3 upregulates ARPC2 by binding the 3'UTR and contributes to breast cancer progression.
  4. These results collectively indicated that ARPC2 promoted the tumorigenesis of breast carcinoma and the initiation of epithelialmesenchymal transition. Therefore, ARPC2 was revealed to be a potential therapeutic target in patients with breast cancer (BrCa) .
    Title: ARPC2 promotes breast cancer proliferation and metastasis.
  5. Study shows that the T-cell-specific deletion of Arpc2 results in compromised peripheral T-cell homeostasis suggesting that ARPC2 is essential for T-cell homeostasis probably by maintaining surface TCR levels via regulating TCR(+) endosome trafficking.
    Title: Arp2/3 complex controls T cell homeostasis by maintaining surface TCR levels via regulating TCR(+) endosome trafficking.
  6. In the association analysis of 110 gastric cancer tissues, ARPC2 showed significant associations with large tumor size, lymph node invasion, and high tumor stage. In addition, ARPC2-positive patients exhibited lower RFS and OS rates compared with ARPC2-negative patients. We thus identify that ARPC2 plays an aneretic role in human gastric cancer and provided a new target for gastric cancer therapy.
    Title: Role of ARPC2 in Human Gastric Cancer.
  7. Downregulation of the ARP2/3 complex signaling pathway, a common final pathway for multiple signaling cascades that regulate the actin cytoskeleton, would compromise the structural stability of spines, leading to their loss. In concert with findings from deletion of the ARP2/3 complex in mice, these findings support the idea that spine deficits in the DLPFC may contribute to subcortical hyperdopaminergia in schizophrenia.
    Title: Altered Expression of ARP2/3 Complex Signaling Pathway Genes in Prefrontal Layer 3 Pyramidal Cells in Schizophrenia.
  8. Recent reports now demonstrate a novel aspect of the ARP2/3 complex and the nucleating-promoting factors in the maintenance of endothelial barrier function and junction remodeling of established endothelial cell junctions.
    Title: Dynamics between actin and the VE-cadherin/catenin complex: novel aspects of the ARP2/3 complex in regulation of endothelial junctions.
  9. FOXF1 repressed cell growth and expression of collagen-1 and actin-related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 2.
    Title: Forkhead Box F1 represses cell growth and inhibits COL1 and ARPC2 expression in lung fibroblasts in vitro.
  10. The Arp2/3 complex is recruited to invading Rickettsia parkeri and is required for efficient invasion.
    Title: Rickettsia parkeri invasion of diverse host cells involves an Arp2/3 complex, WAVE complex and Rho-family GTPase-dependent pathway.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (20)

Phenotypes

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Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Host-microbe interactions have shaped the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Novel genetic loci identified for the pathophysiology of childhood obesity in the Hispanic population.
EBI GWAS Catalog

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env M-tropic HIV-1 gp120 enhances the binding of WASp and the actin-related protein 2/3 complex with beta-actin, an interaction essential for the proper formation of podosomes in immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells PubMed
env SLIT2N, an active fragment of SLIT2, inhibits M-tropic HIV-1 gp120-induced association of LSP1, Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome protein (WASp), Actin-Related Protein 2/3 (Arp2/3), and beta-actin in immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
contributes_to actin filament binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables structural constituent of cytoskeleton IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables structural constituent of cytoskeleton IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in actin filament polymerization IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in actin polymerization-dependent cell motility TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of actin filament polymerization IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of Arp2/3 protein complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
part_of Arp2/3 protein complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in actin cytoskeleton TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytosol TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in endosome IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
located_in focal adhesion HDA PubMed 
located_in glutamatergic synapse IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in lamellipodium IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in muscle cell projection membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in neuron projection IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in nucleoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
located_in nucleus ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
located_in postsynapse IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in site of double-strand break ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
located_in synaptic vesicle membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2
Names
ARP2/3 protein complex subunit 34
actin related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 2, 34kDa
arp2/3 complex 34 kDa subunit
testis tissue sperm-binding protein Li 53e

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_005731.3 → NP_005722.1  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005722.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1 and 2 both encode the same protein.
    Source sequence(s)
    AF006085, CN291458
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS2410.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O15144, Q92801, Q9P1D4
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A024R457, Q53R19
    Related
    ENSP00000295685.10, ENST00000295685.14
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam04045
    Location:57 → 284
    P34-Arc; Arp2/3 complex, 34 kD subunit p34-Arc

  2. NM_152862.3 → NP_690601.1  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_690601.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript. Variants 1 and 2 both encode the same protein.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK290268, BG282181, CN291458
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS2410.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O15144, Q92801, Q9P1D4
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A024R457, Q53R19
    Related
    ENSP00000327137.5, ENST00000315717.10
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam04045
    Location:57 → 284
    P34-Arc; Arp2/3 complex, 34 kD subunit p34-Arc

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000002.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    218217189..218254348
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_017003113.2 → XP_016858602.1  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 isoform X1

    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam04045
    Location:2 → 229
    P34-Arc; Arp2/3 complex, 34 kD subunit p34-Arc

  2. XM_047442808.1 → XP_047298764.1  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 isoform X2

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060926.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    218702891..218740055
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054340085.1 → XP_054196060.1  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 isoform X1

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
O15144.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:O15144

Gene LinkOut

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