GIP gastric inhibitory polypeptide [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: GIPprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: gastric inhibitory polypeptideprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:4270
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000159224 MIM:137240; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4270
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Summary: This gene encodes an incretin hormone and belongs to the glucagon superfamily. The encoded protein is important in maintaining glucose homeostasis as it is a potent stimulator of insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells following food ingestion and nutrient absorption. This gene stimulates insulin secretion via its G protein-coupled receptor activation of adenylyl cyclase and other signal transduction pathways. It is a relatively poor inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Biased expression in duodenum (RPKM 96.0) and small intestine (RPKM 33.9) See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 17q21.32

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	17	NC_000017.11 (48958554..48968596, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	17	NC_060941.1 (49822260..49831965, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	17	NC_000017.10 (47035916..47045958, complement)

Chromosome 17 - NC_000017.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Human epicardial adipose tissue expresses glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, glucagon, and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors as potential targets of pleiotropic therapies.
Title: Human epicardial adipose tissue expresses glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, glucagon, and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors as potential targets of pleiotropic therapies.
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in humans: Characteristics and regulation.
Title: Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in humans: Characteristics and regulation.
GIP Affects Hepatic Fat and Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis but Not White Adipose Tissue Transcriptome in Type 1 Diabetes.
Title: GIP Affects Hepatic Fat and Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis but Not White Adipose Tissue Transcriptome in Type 1 Diabetes.
The Location of Missense Variants in the Human GIP Gene Is Indicative for Natural Selection.
Title: The Location of Missense Variants in the Human GIP Gene Is Indicative for Natural Selection.
Loss of the Incretin Effect in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Title: Loss of the Incretin Effect in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
The gut hormone glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide is downregulated in response to myocardial injury.
Title: The gut hormone glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide is downregulated in response to myocardial injury.
The evolving story of incretins (GIP and GLP-1) in metabolic and cardiovascular disease: A pathophysiological update.
Title: The evolving story of incretins (GIP and GLP-1) in metabolic and cardiovascular disease: A pathophysiological update.
Relationship between levels of serum gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) and disease condition and prognosis of patients with severe acute pancreatitis.
Title: Relationship between levels of serum gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) and disease condition and prognosis of patients with severe acute pancreatitis.
GIP receptor suppresses PAC1receptor-mediated neuronal differentiation via formation of a receptor heterocomplex.
Title: GIP receptor suppresses PAC1receptor-mediated neuronal differentiation via formation of a receptor heterocomplex.
Effects of endogenous GIP in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Title: Effects of endogenous GIP in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (81)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Large-scale association analysis identifies 13 new susceptibility loci for coronary artery disease. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:483878

D17S1971 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:43605

GDB:178574 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:155026

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables glucagon receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables hormone activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in adult locomotory behavior	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in digestive system development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in endocrine pancreas development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in exploration behavior	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in female pregnancy	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in gastric inhibitory peptide signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in long-term synaptic potentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in memory	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of D-glucose transmembrane transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of insulin secretion	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in response to acidic pH	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to amino acid	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to axon injury	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to glucose	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to lipid	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to organic cyclic compound	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to peptide hormone	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to selenium ion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to starvation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in response to xenobiotic stimulus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in sensory perception of pain	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in signal transduction	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in triglyceride homeostasis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in endoplasmic reticulum lumen	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in neuronal cell body	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in secretory granule lumen	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: gastric inhibitory polypeptide

Names: glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide; incretin hormone

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.